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《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2016,(1)
正李四光教授(1889~1971)是我国地质事业的奠基人和先驱者之一,是著名的地质学家。他长期担任地质部部长、中国科学院副院长,是中国科学院首批学部委员(现称院士)。他曾两度在北京大学执教,1920年至1928年任地质学系教授,1931年至1936年任研究教授,并任地质学系系主任,对北京大学地质学系的建设与发展作出了重大的贡献,对北京大学也贡献良多。 相似文献
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谢家荣是中国地质学家群体中极其重要和突出的一位，他在地质科学领域里涉猎面之广，在我国地质界独一无二，是一位“全方位的地质学家”，是现代中国地质学领域当之无愧的拓荒者。本文略述其简历和他在中国煤岩学和煤地质学、土壤学、石油地质学、铀钍矿产地质与勘查、北京西山地质研究、中国大地构造学、矿床学、经济地质学和地质教育领域的贡献与成就。谢家荣对中国地质事业和中国地质学会的建立与成长都作出了不可磨灭的贡献，是我们永远都不应该忘记、都值得纪念的一位伟大的地质学家。 相似文献
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李四光先生是我国老一辈地质学家之一,对地质学的许多分支学科作出了重要贡献。他建立了地质力学,并以发现中国第四纪冰川而闻名于世。我对1933年11月他在中国地质学会第十届年会上关于庐山第四纪冰川的理事长演说至今记忆犹新。作为一个科学家,他强调一个地质工作者首先要做好野外工作,一切地质假说和理论必须以事实为依据。作为新中国的第一任地质部部长,他鼓励地质工作者要为祖国的社会主义建设作出贡献。 相似文献
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鲁迅在日本留学期间曾于1903年在《浙江潮》发表《中国地质略论》一文,1906年与同到日本留学的顾琅合作出版《中国矿产志》（附《中国矿产全图》）一书。它们在中国地质学史上均具有开创性并产生重要影响,特别是《中国矿产志》被认为是中国第一部地质矿产著作。本文从中日地质学交流的角度,结合新发现的史料,通过文本对比分析,指出《中国地质略论》和《中国矿产志》均是吸收当时日本的一些地学著作编写而成。《中国地质略论》的部分内容来源于佐藤传藏的《地质学》（1898）一书;《中国矿产志》的导言部分是在《中国地质略论》的基础上拓展而成,增补的内容则参考了矢津昌永的《高等地理清国地志》（1905）、横山又次郎的《地质学教科书》（1903）以及石川成章的《地球发达史》（1904）等著作,本言部分主要参考了日本地质调查所1902年发表的《清国及韩国主要矿产颁布图说明——附清国主要矿产地名表》;《中国矿产全图》则是顾琅依据日本《清国主要矿产分布图》绘制而成。《中国地质略论》和《中国矿产志》（附《中国矿产全图》）的编撰反映了20世纪初日本逐渐成为中国地质学知识的主要来源。 相似文献
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地球系统科学从20世纪80年代蓬勃兴起。国内外学者普遍认为地球系统科学（Earth System Science）概念是由美国国家航空航天局（NASA）1983年首次正式提出。然而如果我们重温李四光先生遗著,则不难发现早在20世纪20-30年代他就已将系统论引入地质学,提出了诸如构造系统（tectonic system）、大陆车阀说、海水进退规程等等新概念;1970年在他临终前出版的《天文·地质·古生物》,还将地球系统科学研究内容进一步扩大。可以说,系统科学思想贯彻在他的一生论著中,说明我国杰出地质学家李四光才是真正地球系统科学的先驱。李四光先生有诸多超前思维值得传承,他创建的“地质力学”的内容就是现代“系统构造地质学”加“地球系统科学”。 相似文献
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鲁迅在日本留学期间曾于1903年在《浙江潮》发表《中国地质略论》一文,1906年与同到日本留学的顾琅合作出版《中国矿产志》(附《中国矿产全图》)一书。它们在中国地质学史上均具有开创性并产生重要影响,特别是《中国矿产志》被认为是中国第一部地质矿产著作。本文从中日地质学交流的角度,结合新发现的史料,通过文本对比分析,指出《中国地质略论》和《中国矿产志》均是吸收当时日本的一些地学著作编写而成。《中国地质略论》的地史学内容主要来源于佐藤传藏《地质学》(1898)一书,有关煤炭内容以及中国煤田分布图则来自日本海军少将肝付兼行发表在《太阳》(1903)杂志上的《东方之煤源》一文;《中国矿产志》的导言部分是在《中国地质略论》的基础上拓展而成,增补的内容则参考了矢津昌永的《清国地志》(1905)、横山又次郎的《地质学教科书》(1903)以及石川成章的《地球发达史》(1904)等著作,本言部分主要参考了日本地质调查所1902年发表的《清国及韩国主要矿产颁布图说明——附清国主要矿产地名表》;《中国矿产全图》则是顾琅依据日本《清国主要矿产分布图》绘制而成。《中国地质略论》和《中国矿产志》(附《中国矿产全图》... 相似文献
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刘嘉麒 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2000,19(1):14-16
侯德封先生1900年5月6日(农历四月初八)生于河北省高阳县,1923年毕业于北京大学地质学系。在长达60年的地质实践与科学研究生涯中,他把毕生的精力完全献给了祖国的地质事业,是和李四光等老一辈科学家并肩战斗的杰出地质学家、矿床学家、地球化学家,是中国地质工作的卓越组织和领导。在回顾20世纪中国地质事业的发展历程时,不能不缅怀这位与世纪同龄的杰出科学家所建立的丰功伟绩。 相似文献
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李四光是中国科技界的一面旗帜,他对地质科学理论有着卓越贡献,其学术理论具有超前意义,影响深远。文章从李四光对国家和人民的一片赤子之心;李四光走自主创新之路,积极探索解决中国问题的精神;李四光的重视实践,重视辩证的思想方法论;李四光理论联系实际解决实际问题,在应用中发展地质力学学科;以及大力培养学科带头人等五个方面纪念李四光。提出学习和发扬李四光的科学思想和爱国精神,以创造性地解决中国和世界面临的新的重大问题。 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(1):23-26
On October 12, 1962, a joint session of the Presidium of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences and the Collegium of the U.S.S.R. Ministry of Geology and Mineral Reserves adopted a resolution “On the present state of the geological sciences in the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences and the U. S. S. R. Ministry of Geology and Mineral Reserves and their prospects for the future.” Important contributions of Russian geologists are acknowledged, but attention is drawn to many shortcomings. Future goals of geological study and work are given in detail. Twenty-one lines of research to be concentrated on are given, covering all phases of geology, geophysics, and geochemistry. In discussing the failings of the geological profession in Russia, it is of interest to note the following comment: “Geological research in other countries is still insufficiently studied and applied, and we are not making adequate use of geologic information from abroad.” The list of the Russian geologists' shortcomings sounds vaguely familiar. —J. R. Hayes 相似文献
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关于秦岭造山带 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
纪念老一代地球科学家李四光先生,思考地球科学与大地构造学的创新发展。文章以秦岭造山带为例思考大陆复合造山及其动力学,认知概括秦岭造山带基本属性与特质,探索认识中小多板块多期洋陆俯冲造山-陆-陆板块俯冲碰撞造山的板块复合造山,并又强烈叠加复合陆内造山,造成复杂组成与结构,形成立交桥式四维流变学分层的多层非耦合动态演化的大陆复合造山带模型,及其新的演化趋势动态和构成国家人类需求的成矿成藏物质财富与宜居的地表系统环境等,期望前瞻探索认知地球发展的未来。文章还就秦岭造山带几个有争议的问题,进行简要讨论,共求新的探索研究发展。期盼学习李四光先生学术理论精华,尤其在深化发展板块构造,探索认知大陆构造与动力学方面,创新发展地质力学,以宇宙太阳系视野探索地球动力学,推动大地构造新发展。 相似文献
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This paper is a brief account of the essential points of geomechanics initited in China by Prof. J. S. Lee in the 1920's and some important results achieved by some Chinese petroleum geologists in recent years by applying geomechanics to the exploration and prospecting of oil and gas in eastern China. 相似文献
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Peter Doyle 《Geology Today》2006,22(4):142-149
Gettysburg – the most costly of all battles of the American Civil War, and one of the most significant battles ever fought. Contested in rural Pennsylvania, the Battle of Gettysburg took place after a chance encounter by the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia (General Robert E. Lee) with the Union Army of the Potomac (Major-General George Meade). It was to prove the turning point in the war, the so-called 'high tide' of the Confederacy, as after Gettysburg the fortunes of war turned in favour of the Union. Fought over three days in early July 1863, the battle continues to be analyzed and re-analyzed from all perspectives. Significantly, it was the first battle to be re-interpreted from the perspective of its geology, by Andrew Brown of the Pennsylvania State Survey in the early 1960s. It continues to fascinate geologists interested in the overall impact of geology and terrain in determining the outcome of battle. This article examines why Gettysburg has been so influential in shaping our understanding of geology in warfare. 相似文献
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V. I. Velichkin 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(5):372-377
The outstanding contribution of Professor F.I. Wolfson to the origination and development of Russian science and practice in the field of geology of uranium deposits is emphasized. Under his guidance, a team of highly skilled specialists on uranium deposits was gathered at the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, in Moscow. Owing to their efforts, all significant uranium deposits in the former Soviet Union and socialist bloc countries have been studied comprehensively. A theory of uranium ore formation was developed on this basis, and elaborated practical recommendations promoted the creation in the Soviet Union of the world’s largest uranium resource sources. Today, Wolfson’s ideas and works are widely used in planning and carrying out complex investigations at operating uranium deposits and in new promising uranium districts. 相似文献
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The goal of this research study is to describe academic issues which have been debated in the field of Chinese geosciences for a century. In 1922, Jonquei S. Lee(Li Siguang) discovered Quaternary glacial relics at Taihang Mountainin eastern China. In 1947, he published his research findings in the magazine Mount Lushan in Glacial Age. The research results had established three Ice Ages: Poyang(Gonzi), Dagu(Minde), and Lushan(Lisi). However, at that time, no Wurm glacial relics of the last Ice Age had been found in Lushan Mountain. Since then, the research team represented by Shi Yafeng, who is considered to be "the father of glaciers in China", questioned Jonquei S. Lee's research results and concluded that "Professor Jonquei S. Lee's Quaternary glacier research in Lushan Mountain having misread the debris flow". In 2005, the "middle-low mountains" in eastern China were finally defined as follows: "We clearly and unambiguously believe that there were no glacial activities in the middle-low mountainous areas of eastern China(east of 102° to 104°E; below 3,000 and 2,500 m) during the Quaternary Period". Currently, the long-standing academic debate appears to have come to a conclusion. As of 2015, the author and others began to investigate and study the Quaternary glacial relics in Mengshan Mountain(1,156 m above sea level), Shandong Province, one of the "middle-low mountains" of eastern China. The relics have been observed to posses the systematic features of glacial erosion, trough and valley striations, and moraine deposits. The applied dating method shave confirmed that there were not only glacial relics of the last Ice Age(Wurm), but also Holocene glacial relics in the Mengshan Mountain area. Therefore, in order to further establish the corresponding relationship between the glacier, loess, stream sediment series, and MIS in the Mengshan Mountain area, a large number of chronological studies have been carried out regarding the various types of sediments in the area, and 24 dating datahave been obtained using OSL, CRN, and 14 Cmethods.On this basis, the corresponding relationship between the sedimentary sequences and the MIS was established for the first time in eastern China, which in dicates the environmental changes which had occurred in eastern China since 80 ka. These discoveries s and chronological study results confirm the existence of the Last Ice Age, as well as Holocene glacial relics at Mengshan Mountain, there by confirming that Quaternary glaciation had occurred in the middle-low mountain areas of eastern China. 相似文献
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李四光先生是中国地质学的奠基人之一,创建了以力学为基础的现代地质学以区别传统地质学,地质学研究从而从定性走向了半定量-定量化。学术观点是见仁见智,强调百花齐放,但是李四光先生以力学为基础提出问题、分析问题和解决问题的方法和思路具有普适性,开拓了后人的眼光,潜移默化地影响到后来的板块构造和大陆构造研究。重要的是,尽管他为地质添加了丰富的现代科学因素,但是他仍和传统地质学一样强调地质学基本功的培养,野外观察和实践能力的提高,多学科的交叉以及第一手资料的积累,这些传统和能力在今天显得尤其难能可贵。 相似文献
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理论找矿,还是经验找矿：西方矿产勘查家就如何进行找矿问题展开的争论 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
理论找矿、还是经验找矿？是西方矿产勘查家普遍关注并引起人们争论的一个问题。以美国Ｄ．Ｇ．里奇为代表的一派认为：成矿理论,虽然能使地质学家了解到成矿作用过程的许多情况,但并不能指导未知矿床的找矿工作。这一观点立即遭到Ｊ．罗思及前苏联一些地质学家的反对,批评Ｄ．Ｇ．里奇等人倾向于轻视概念模式（即理论模式）在找矿中的意义。指出,只有全面研究具体的矿石建造成因问题,才能确定相应矿床形成的地点和时间,进而才 相似文献