共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
晋东南陵川地区上石炭统—下二叠统太原组灰岩中遗迹化石发育,已识别出10个遗迹属14个遗迹种,常见遗迹化石包括Zoophycos,Helminthopsis,Planolites,Nereites,Chondrites,Thalassinoides,Rhizocorallium,Ophiomorpha,Palaeophycus和Teichichnus等,其中Zoophycos最为发育。依据遗迹化石的组成、分布及产状特征,可建立4个遗迹组合:(1)Zoophycos-Thalassinoides遗迹组合;(2)Planolites-Helminthopsis遗迹组合;(3)Zoophycos-Teichichnus遗迹组合;(4)Nereites-Chondrites遗迹组合。对这些遗迹化石宿主岩石沉积特征的分析表明,太原组灰岩中的遗迹组合分别产生于海湾—潟湖环境(遗迹组合1)、浅海上部(遗迹组合2)、浅海中部(遗迹组合3)和浅海下部(遗迹组合4)。基于遗迹组合特征和沉积特征的综合分析,提出了研究区太原组遗迹化石组合的沉积环境模式,这一成果可为今后该区太原组中煤与煤层气生成的古环境研究提供生物学信息和基础理论资料。 相似文献
2.
3.
分析目前世界上所研究的上前寒武—下寒武统含遗迹化石地层,一般地层层序(由上而下)如下:(a)含有三叶虫,腕足类、古杯类和大量遗迹化石的岩层;(b)含有三叶虫和其他遗迹化石的岩层;(c)含有软体后生动物(Ediacara和有关动物)或简单遗迹化石的岩层;(d)含少量遗迹化石和迭层石的岩层。上述各个间隔通常分别称为下寒武统(a),“寒武系或前寒武系?”(b和c),以及前寒武系(d)。 相似文献
4.
Teredolites遗迹化石是一类赋存于海相地层中的以木质基底为特征的钻孔遗迹组合,是由海相钻木类双壳动物(如船蛆、海笋等)寄生于漂浮或沉入海洋的树干中形成。Teredolites遗迹化石可指示浅海沉积环境,提供寄生木材的分类信息、古地理信息以及埋藏过程中的环境信息。本文研究了南极半岛西摩岛拉揭塞塔组顶部首次发现的一例Teredolites longissimus(Apectoichnus longissimus)遗迹化石,层位时代为晚始新世,根据木基底内保存的船蛆化石的发育特征和分布特征,确定本例为船蛆幼年群体对木基底的初期感染形成的钻孔遗迹。利用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和X射线能谱仪(EDS)对基底木化石和船蛆化石进行深入研究分析,将本例Teredolites遗迹化石的基底木化石定为裸子植物罗汉松科(Podocarpaceae)叶枝杉型木属未定种(Phyllocladoxylon sp.),证实了叶枝杉型木属在西摩岛上的分布延续至始新世晚期;船蛆化石内部赋存大量草莓状黄铁矿,其中粒径超过10 μm的草莓状黄铁矿占比达39.2%,最大粒径达到44 μm,粒径的统计和分析显示其形成于氧化水体沉积环境,证明始新世晚期南极半岛地区古海洋处于氧化海状态。 相似文献
5.
浙江西部晚奥陶世五峰期沉积包括三种相:(一)笔石页岩相:由二部分组成,上部堰口组有笔石Diplograptus bohemicus带及三叶虫Dalmanitina sp.,下部于潜组有四个笔石带:(4)Paraorthograptus yuqianensis,(3)Climacograptus venstus,(2)Dicellograptus szechuanensis,(1)Pseudoclimacograptus anhutensis(二)混合相:上部为文昌组,下部为长坞组,(三)壳灰岩相:上部为文昌组，下部为三巨山组，有Toeniolites, Proheliolites等。本区的Dralmdnitina-Hrrnantio层出露清楚，且Da.和H.与Diplograptus bohemicus共生，时代属晚奥陶世晚期。 相似文献
6.
本文研究的双切尾虫Ditomopyge是一个新种,定名为四川双切尾虫Ditomopyge sichuanensis (sp.nov),标本产自四川南部古宋下二叠统铜矿溪组。该组过去很少发现三叶虫化石,故四川双切尾虫的发现,不仅对铜矿溪组的划分、对比提供了可靠的三叶虫化石依据,而且对研究双切尾虫的地质地理分布,提供了新的化石资料。 相似文献
7.
新疆喀喇昆仑山东北侧的中下三叠统河尾滩群是形成于海底浊积扇中外扇环境的浊积岩,其薄层和中厚层砂岩中发育了一套半深水-深水遗迹化石,共有11属12种:Bergaueria sp.;Chondrites sp.;Cosmorhaphe lobata;Glockeria sp.;Gordia sp.;Helminthopsis sp.;Muensteria sp.;Palaeophycos striatus;P.tubularis;Spirophycos sp.;Thalassinoides sp.和简单型Zoophycos sp该遗迹群落不能简单地归入Seilacher的深海Nereites遗迹相。根据共生关系,该遗迹群落可以划分为3个组合。组合1包括Bergaueria sp.,Muensteria sp.,Palaeophycos striatus和Thalasinoides sp.;组合2只有Zoophycos组成;组合3由深水类型遗迹化石组成,包括Chondrites sp.,Cosmorhaphe lobata,Gordia sp.,Helminthopsis sp.,Palaeophycos tubularis,Spirophycos sp..遗迹组合的生态分析表明其形成水深在300-2000m。遗迹化石产出岩层未见浅水沉积标志支持这一推论。该套遗迹化石在青海省的果洛、玉树地区相同时代的复理石沉积中亦有产出, 表明喀喇昆仑以北在三叠纪时有一个延伸范围较大的深海盆或洋盆。 相似文献
8.
9.
研究遗迹化石对于恢复古生物活动方式、习性和古环境具有重要意义。在柴达木盆地东北缘双湖地区中新统发现了遗迹化石。经鉴定,研究区的遗迹化石主要包括2大类4属4种:居住迹Palaeopycus heberti（赫伯特古藻迹）,Skolithos verticalis（垂直石针迹）;进食迹Scoyenia gracilis（纤细斯柯茵迹）和Taenidium satanassi（箱形条带迹）。根据研究区的遗迹化石分布及沉积环境分析,该地可划分出一个遗迹组合:Scoyenia-Taenidium-Skolithos遗迹组合, 代表了潮湿气候条件下的浅湖环境。当前化石的发现填补了柴达木盆地东北缘双湖地区中新世遗迹化石研究的空白。 相似文献
10.
滇东梅树村剖面震旦系—寒武系界线层中产有大量遗迹化石。本文通过对前人研究成果的总结,基本弄清了遗迹化石在剖面上的分布规律、演化特点,并由此证实了利用遗迹化石进行震旦系—寒武系界线划分的可行性。在此基础上,提出了震旦系—寒武系界线,应划在节肢动物三叶虫遗迹和(或)复杂的非三叶虫遗迹第一次大量出现的层位之底的划分方案。根据此方案,梅树村剖面的达条界线应划在中谊村段第7层之底。同时根据该剖面小壳化石的研究成果,讨论了遗迹化石和共生小壳化石的演化关系,发现二者的繁盛期是同时的。 相似文献
11.
Cruziana及其相关的遗迹化石是由底栖三叶虫在沉积物表面停歇、爬行所留下的遗迹,一般认为产于潮下带至浅海陆棚环境,具有古水深指示意义。然而,本文通过对昆明民富二村下奥陶统红石崖组顶部含Cruziana rugosa遗迹化石群落层位的沉积环境分析却发现,Cruziana rugosa遗迹化石群落的沉积环境为潮上带—潮间带,说明三叶虫可以在短暂暴露环境中活动。三叶虫的这种适应性活动可能为节肢动物从海洋走向陆地做好了进化准备。 相似文献
12.
Dirk Knaust 《Geological Journal》2004,39(1):1-24
A diverse trace fossil association is described for the first time from low‐grade metamorphic rocks of the SW‐Norwegian Caledonides. The investigated cliff sections with autochthonous to parautochthonous metasediments comprise a coarsening‐ and thickening‐upward succession interpreted as prograding delta deposits. Sedimentary features indicate a tide‐influenced environment. Twenty‐one ichnospecies have been identified and assigned to the Cruziana and Skolithos ichnofacies, including the oldest record of Beaconites capronus and Macaronichnus segregatis. Cruziana ichnostratigraphy (sensu lato), previously rarely used in other palaeocontinents than Gondwana, allows an age determination for these metasediments of Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician as indicated by the presence of Cruziana barbata, C. furcifera, C. rugosa, C. semiplicata, Didymaulichnus rouaulti and Rusophycus ramellensis. Baltica was geographically the most isolated from the other three large continents (Gondwana, Laurentia and Siberia) during Cambro‐Ordovician time, and provinciality of faunal assemblages (e.g. brachiopods, conodonts) has been proved and is also supposed for trilobites by some authors. However, although the Cruziana ichnospecies result from a high specialization of their tracemakers, and therefore only a small group of trilobite species is eligible for its origin, the ichnospecies reported from Baltica occur also on other palaeocontinents and do not support the assumption of trilobite provincialism. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
A. Seilacher 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1994,83(4):752-758
The stratigraphic value of trilobite burrows has recently been questioned because of a seemingly Ordovician form in the Lower Cambrian of Canada. Closer examination shows, however, that the Cambrian homeomorph (Cruziana pectinata n. sp.) has a significantly different scratch pattern. This raises the question whether the multiple scratches of the Ordovician Cruziana rugosa were also made by exopodites or by similarly shaped endopodites. 相似文献
14.
Biostatigraphical significance of trilobites of the Middle and Upper Ordovician in the eastern Baltic area is discussed, based
on a new material from numerous outcrops from Leningrad Region. The study of the Middle and Upper Ordovician trilobites in
the Mednikovo, Viivikonna, Gryazno, Khrevitsa and Elizavetino formations allows establishing two trilobite interval-zones.
The zone of Chasmops odini in the upper part of the Uhaku and Kukruse stages, and the zone of Chasmops marginatus in the lower
part of the Haljala Stage (the Idavere Substage). The upper part of the Haljala Stage (J~ohvi Substage) is characterized by
the occurrence of Rollmops wenjukowi. Distribution and biostratigraphical significance of some trilobite taxa (Asaphus (Neoasaphus) lepidus, Illaenus intermedius, Toxochasmops maximus) is discussed. 相似文献
15.
洒普山虫是关杨虫(Kuanyangia)的一个亚属,乃1966年张文堂教授建立的,过去只有两个种:一个种名瘤点洒普山虫Kuanyangia(Sapushania)granulosa Chang,产于云南武定洒普山及狮子山,下寒武统筇竹寺组;另一个种名陕西洒普山虫Kuanyangia(Sapushania)shaanxiensis Zhang et Lin,产于陕西宁强坑家洞,下寒武统郭家坝组。本新种Kuanyangia(Sapushania)bella Chen(sp.nov.),产于云南昆明筇竹寺,下寒武统筇竹寺组。虽然只有一块标本,但标本保存的十分精美完好,与之共生的还有云南云南头虫Yunnanocephalus yunnanensis(Mansuy),产出层位系筇竹寺组的中上部。 相似文献
16.
滇东、川中地区震旦系——寒武系界线附近的遗迹化石 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
本文描述的遗迹化石采自滇东地区和四川中部峨眉、乐山地区的震旦系—寒武系界线附近。经鉴定有23个遗迹属、31个遗迹种,其中两个新遗迹属、5个新遗迹种。在系统描述的基础上,还进行了遗迹化石的习性类型解释。这些习性类型包括觅食迹、牧食迹、居住迹和游泳迹。 相似文献
17.
18.
R.A. Kumpulainen A. Uchman B. Woldehaimanot T. Kreuser S. Ghirmay 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2006,45(4-5):408-420
Trace fossils are described here from the Adigrat Sandstone formation of hitherto uncertain Palaeozoic-Mesozoic age in south-central Eritrea. The formation is subdivided into a lower unit, the Adi MaEkheno Member, and an upper informal unit, Member 2. The formation was deposited on the locally mudcracked top of the glacigenic Edaga Arbi Beds, suggesting that these two rock units were formed in a very short time interval. The Adi MaEkheno Member and the lower part of Member 2 contain trace fossils Arthrophycus alleghaniensis (Harlan), Arthrophycus ?brongniartii (Harlan), Didymaulichnus lyelli (Rouault), Palaeophycus tubularis Hall, Taenidium isp., thin winding ridges, winding ridges and furrows, simple cylinders, and ‘stellate’ forms. A. alleghaniensis is distinctively of Ordovician–Silurian (?Early Devonian) age. The trace fossil association belongs to the Cruziana ichnofacies that indicates a shallow marine environment between the normal and storm wave bases. The trace fossil data and stratigraphic relationships indicate that the Adigrat Sandstone formation and the Edaga Arbi Beds in Eritrea are Ordovician–Silurian in age. The Edaga Arbi Beds are correlated with other Upper Ordovician (Hirnantian) glacial units in northern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, lending these beds the status of a marker unit in the Lower Palaeozoic stratigraphy of the Horn of Africa. The Jurassic “Adigrat Sandstone” in central-west and eastern Ethiopia cannot be correlated with the Adigrat Sandstone formation in its type area and in Eritrea. 相似文献
19.
Birendra P. Singh 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,74(6):723-737
Lower-Middle Cambrian (Lungwangmiaoan-Hsuchuangian stage) Parahio Formation (Kunzam La Formation) exposed at Purni Village,
Niri-Tsarap Chu Valley of Zanskar region of Tethyan Himalaya has yielded a high diversity and abundant ichnofossils with myriapod
trackways. It includes Cruziana isp., Phycodes palmatum, Diplocraterion isp., Diplichnites isp., Dimorphichnus isp., Tapherhelminthopsis cf. circularis, Teichichnus isp., Monomorphicnus isp., Lockeia isp., Skolithos isp., Planolites isp., Palaeophycus isp., Isopodichnus isp., and arthropod appendage marks. Integration of ichnological and sedimentological studies for measured part of the Parahio
Formation (Cambrian) reveals that alternating energy conditions due to recurring storm events were superimposed on low energy
fair-weather sediments. The post-depositional Arenicolites ichnofacies, preserved within the high-energy storm beds of shoreface deposits, commonly overlies the fair-weather assemblage
of pre-depositional Cruziana ichnofacies of relatively more offshore deposits, which contains more diverse and varied behavioral signatures of various
deposit feeders. The traces of the Cruziana ichnofacies are abruptly replaced by traces of Arenicolites ichnofacies and show reiteration throughout the measured part of the Parahio Formation. The ichnofabric indices in these
deposits range from ii3–ii5. No discrete sets of tiers are observed; perhaps there were two coeval communities. Ichnologically,
an idealized wave-dominated progradational cycle in the Parahio Formation is characterized, from base to top, by a Cruziana ichnofacies (lower-upper offshore to offshore transition) and storm related Arenicolites ichnofacies (shoreface). Each progradational cycle reflects a progressive increase in sand content, degree of oxygenation,
hydrodynamic energy and dearth of food. These environmental factors controlled the vertical distribution of trace fossils
in Parahio Formation. The occurrence of Cruziana ichnoassociation much below the Middle Cambrian trilobite horizon in the Parahio Formation restricts the age of this part
of the formation to the pre-Middle Cambrian, probably series 2 of Cambrian system. 相似文献