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对内蒙古东部开鲁盆地陆西凹陷地质和地球物理资料的综合研究表明，上侏罗统沉积以温湿气候条件下的粉、细砂岩及泥岩为特征，其沉积序列可以被划分成周期为3-5 Ma的5个沉积层序，各沉积层序之间均为不整合面或与之相关的整合面。沉积层序格架和构型主要受控于构造活动、气候和物源供给。各沉积层序的展布也受盆地结构和断裂差异活动的影响，表现出南厚北薄的地层展布特征。由于在马北斜坡存在地形或断裂坡折带，故可将一个沉积层序细分成低位、湖侵和高位体系域。在明确首次和最大湖泛面基本特征的基础上，重点叙述了层序B低位、湖侵和高位体系域的近岸水下扇、扇三角洲等沉积体系特征和层序构型主控因素。对有利烃源岩、储层和盖层等成藏基本条件进行分析后，指出层序C西绍根断层下降盘的近岸水下扇和位于坡折带之下的浊积扇是寻找岩性圈闭的有利地区。 相似文献
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琼东南盆地宝岛地区层序地层和砂体展布特征分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
以层序地层学理论为基础,通过对地震和测井层序进行分析,在琼东南盆地宝岛地区第三系识别出14个地震层序,并分析了各层序的发育特征.总结了不同体系域砂体类型,对各体系域砂体的空间展布进行了详细分析.并指出有利砂体的分布特征:低水位体系域,砂体主要分布在低水位楔、斜坡扇和盆底扇;高水位体系域,主要分布在三角洲、扇三角洲、海底扇和峡谷水道.研究表明,以层序地层学理论为指导,划分层序和体系域,进而对有利砂体进行预测,对该地区油气勘探有重要指导意义. 相似文献
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前陆盆地层序地层学研究简介 总被引：14，自引：6，他引：14
前陆盆地层序地层学是将层序地层学理论应用于构造活动的前陆盆地分析的一个特例。前陆盆地三级层序成因并非受全球统一的海平面变化控制，而是与盆缘造山带区域本报特约记者运动、盆内沉积作用和相对海平面变化的联合作用有关，代表了前陆分地一个成盆期的不同发育阶段。层序界面是相对海平面下降和区域构造隆的联合作用面。在盆地演化的不对称沉降阶充填阶段，邻造山带区为低水位浊积扇沉积层序；远离造山带区，低水位体系域不发育 相似文献
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莱州湾凹陷古近系沙河街组沙三中段发育典型的辫状河三角洲沉积体系。本文基于经典层序地层学理论,通过对莱州湾凹陷三维地震、主要钻井及取心、测井等资料综合分析,对莱州湾凹陷沙三中段层序地层特征及层序格架内沉积体系展布进行精细研究。将沙三中段整体划分为1个三级层序,并根据初次湖泛面、最大湖泛面及高水位体系域域内三角洲期次包络面的界定将沙三中段进一步划分为低水位体系域、湖侵体系域和高水位体系域3个体系域及6个四级层序。在层序格架内分析了研究区沙三中段沉积体系的展布特征及演化规律。沙三中段低水位体系域西部斜坡带发育扇三角洲沉积,北部陡坡带发育近岸水下扇沉积。湖侵体系域发育辫状河三角洲沉积,高水位体系域发育4期辫状河三角洲沉积、高水位体系域Ⅰ、Ⅱ期发育坡移浊积扇沉积。根据层序发育和油气成藏条件分析,认为沙三中段低水位体系域扇三角洲、湖侵体系域辫状河三角洲、高水位体系域坡I和II期的坡移扇沉积成藏条件最为有利,是下一步寻找岩性油气藏的优先目标。 相似文献
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东海丽水西次凹古新统明月峰组层序--体系域分析及沉积体系展布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
古新统明月峰组是丽水西次凹中重要的含油气层段,其浅海-三角洲相沉积构成了一个完整的三级层序。层序界面在地震剖面上表现为下超、削截、下切,界面底部的下切水道在测井曲线上具块状、箱型等特征性的反映。依据初始海泛面、最大海泛面和高位域晚期存在的明显海退界面,三级层序内可划分出低水位、海侵、高水位和下降体系域四部分。层序界面和主要的海侵、海退面均得到了古生物丰度和分异度的佐证。通过对上述4个体系域平面编图,揭示了不同时期沉积体系展布及其演化。低位-海侵期发育下切谷、滨岸碎屑-三角洲及扇三角洲前缘-远端浊积砂体,前者分布在盆地西缘斜坡带,物源来自西北和东南两个方向;后者发育于盆地中部的东缘陡坡带,物源由东向西推进。高位域和下降体系域以发育大型高角度进积的三角洲前缘砂为特征,高位域三角洲分布在盆地西侧,且南部比北部发育;下降域盆地沉积范围明显缩小,三角洲主要集中在盆地西侧中部。 相似文献
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以层序地层学理论为指导,综合地震、测井、岩芯以及古生物等资料,对贝尔凹陷下白垩统层序格架下砂体的分布特征进行研究。研究表明:在三级层序格架下,不同沉积期沉积体系的空间展布和配置关系有明显差异,SQA层序为初始裂陷型层序,主要发育冲积扇、近岸水下扇等粗碎屑沉积体系;SQB～SQC层序为伸展裂陷型层序,发育近岸水下扇、湖底扇、扇三角洲和半深湖相等沉积体系;SQD～SQF层序为裂陷收敛型层序,发育三角洲、滨浅湖和半深湖以及河流、沼泽相等沉积体系。低位域砂体为岩性圈闭的形成提供有利条件,其时空展布主要受幕式构造运动及其产生的构造坡折带的类型和样式控制。在垂向上,构造坡折带类型控制不同类型低位域砂体的形成和分布,其中断崖型坡折带形成近岸水下扇,断阶型坡折带形成浊积扇以及断坡型坡折带形成扇三角洲砂体;在平面上,构造坡折带平面样式控制低位域砂体的空间展布特征,尤其是砂体的形态及规模受断层调节带控制。受同沉积断层组合样式的控制,平面上主要形成断弯型、断接型、断沟型以及交叉型等4种基本砂体分布类型以及断弯-交叉型、断弯-对接型、断弯-断沟型、对接-交叉型、对接-断沟型和交叉-断沟型等6种复合砂体分布类型。低位域砂体在洼槽区相互叠置、连片分布,为各类岩性-地层圈闭的形成创造条件。 相似文献
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南堡凹陷东营组层序地层格架与沉积体系 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对地震、岩心、钻、测井资料综合分析,将东营组划分为1个二级层序、3个三级层序。并根据初次湖泛面和最大湖泛面特征将每个层序进一步划分为低位域、湖侵域和高位域等三个体系域。层序格架和展布受凹陷结构和断裂活动影响,高柳断层以北地区东营组沉积厚度薄,且后期剥蚀严重。南部滩海地区的各层序完整,厚度相对稳定。在层序格架内分析了南堡凹陷东营组的沉积体系,东北部陡坡带以发育水下扇、扇三角洲为主,西北部和南部缓坡带发育三角洲、扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲。层序界面、准层序（组）叠加样式以及沉积体系空间展布均受到构造活动的控制,强构造活动期形成退积式叠加模式,而弱构造活动期对应进积式叠加模式。对层序发育和油气成藏条件分析认为层序1低位域的扇三角洲砂体和层序2中的浊积砂体为寻找岩性油气藏的有利部位。 相似文献
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高分辨率层序地层学在桩52块近岸浊积扇前积油层对比中的应用 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
前积油层的相域划分和小层对比极大地影响着油藏的注水效果和采收率,尤其象那些低角度薄前积油层由于规模小在地震剖面上无明显的前积反射,因而几乎还没有有效的方法来搞清每个前积叶砂体的空间展布。桩52块近岸浊积扇油藏就是一例。应用基准面旋回高分辨率层序地层学原理,结合三维地震解释,对桩５２块油藏小层重新对比可发现它是由堆积在“三沟两梁一面坡”的深～半深湖地理背景上的２０个叠瓦状排列的前积叶砂层所形成,而不是以前对比所认为的由全区分布的４个平行的浊积砂层组成。 相似文献
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Bed thickness data of two turbidite sections viz., Corbyn's Cove section, South Andaman and Kalipur section, North Andaman those belong to Oligocene Andaman Flysch Group, a forearc submarine fan system, were assessed for facies clustering employing Hurst statistics. Both the sections show Hurst phenomenon and reveal clustering in terms of thick and thin beds. Forcing behind event (bed) depositions in either of the studied sections was assessed statistically and inferred to be non-random and with cyclicities of irregular physical length. The inferred paleogeography through Hurst criteria though worked well for distal fan setting i.e., basin floor sheet sandstones of Corbyn's Cove section, its unequivocal application in proximal fan deposits remains to be tested. The mismatch in paleogeographic interpretation between Hurst test result (lobe-interlobe) and field observation (channel-levee) for the inner fan deposit is explained through differential facies stacking between fans grow in sea-level lowstand and highstand. Lower bed amalgamation, poor sand to mud ratio and subordinately present thick event deposits may be the result of active growth of Andaman Flysch fan in sea level highstand and expressed in lower Hurst K value for inner fan channel-levee association (Kalipur section) compared to many of the channel-levee deposits of lowstand fan systems observed world over. 相似文献
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济阳坳陷车镇凹陷车66块沙三下段精细沉积相分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据测井、地震、岩心资料,运用地质综合方法确定济阳坳陷车镇凹陷北部陡坡带砂体成因类型,搞清深水沉积边界。通过岩心观察与描述、地质地震剖面对比以及沉积相平面分布的研究,认为:车66井区沙三下段发育湖底扇、滑塌浊积扇,它们夹持于暗色深水泥岩之中,以内扇沉积为特色,在主水道及水道间堆积了中、细砾岩碎屑流与背景相泥岩。纵向上,沙三下段具有下部富砂、上部富泥的特征;平面上,自北而南由湖底扇内扇碎屑流→中扇颗粒流、浊流变化,沉积相变化具有从近源到远源发展的趋势,表明了物源来自于北部的埕子口凸起。 相似文献
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东营凹陷下第三系高分辨率层序地层研究 总被引：31，自引：6，他引：31
本文基于构造层序分析和基准面分析原理，建立了高分辨率地层格架，强调了构造演化对层序样式的控制。断陷湖盆的层序由低位体系域、湖扩展体系域和高位体系域组成，依据其低位体系域特征以及沉积体系的空间配置关系，划分出三种层序样式，其中生长断层型的低位体系域最发育；构造坡折型低位、湖扩展和高位体系域发育齐全，这与海相被动大陆边缘层序样式有类似性；滨岸缓坡型以浅水环境沉积体系为主。构造坡折的存在，为低位扇的发 育提供了广阔的空间，形成了低位三角洲、浊积扇及扇三角洲三种类型低位扇，它们是隐蔽油气藏勘探的主要对象。依据构造坡折带及低位扇发育规律，结合油气成藏条件分析，提出了新的勘探领域，经钻探取得了较好的经济效益，充分证明了层序地层学在陆相盆地中具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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The Quilalar Formation and correlative Mary Kathleen Group in the Mount Isa Inlier, Australia, conformably overlie rift-related volcanics and sediments and non-conformably overlie basement rocks. They represent a thermal-relaxation phase of sedimentation between 1780 and 1740 Ma. Facies analysis of the lower siliciclastic member of the Quilalar Formation and the coeval Ballara Quartzite permits discrimination of depositional systems that were restricted areally to either N-S-trending marginal platform or central trough palaeogeographic settings. Four depositional systems, each consisting of several facies, are represented in the lower Quilalar Formation-Ballara Quartzite; these are categorized broadly as storm-dominated shelf (SDS), continental (C), tide-dominated shelf (TDS) and wave-dominated shoreline (WDS). SDS facies consist either of black pyritic mudstone intervals up to 10 m thick, or mudstone and sandstone associated in 6–12-m-thick, coarsening-upward parasequences. Black mudstones are interpreted as condensed sections that developed as a result of slow sedimentation in an outer-shelf setting starved of siliciclastic influx. Vertical transition of facies in parasequences reflects flooding followed by shoaling of different shelf subenvironments; the shoreface contains evidence of subaerial exposure. Continental facies consist of fining-upward parasequences of fluvial origin and tabular, 0·4–4-m-thick, aeolian parasequences. TDS facies are represented by stacked, tabular parasequences between 0·5 and 5 m thick. Vertical arrangement of facies in parasequences reflects flooding and establishment of a tidal shelf followed by shoaling to intertidal conditions. WDS facies are preserved in 0·5–3-m-thick, stacked, tabular parasequences. Vertical transition of facies reflects initial flooding with wave reworking of underlying arenites along a ravinement surface, followed by shoaling from lower shoreface to foreshore conditions. Parasequences are stacked in retrogradational and progradational parasequence sets. Retrogradational sets consist of thin SDS parasequences in the trough, and C, TDS and probably WDS parasequences on the platforms. Thick SDS parasequences in the trough, and TDS, subordinate C and probably WDS parasequences on the platforms make up progradational parasequence sets. Depositional systems are associated in systems tracts that make up 40–140-m-thick sequences bounded by type-2 sequence boundaries that are disconformities. Transgressive systems tracts consist of C, TDS and probably WDS depositional systems on the platforms and the SDS depositional system and suspension mudstone deposits in the trough. The transgressive systems tract is characterized by retrogradational parasequence sets and developed in response to accelerating rates of sea-level rise following lowstand. Condensed-section deposits in the trough, and the thickest TDS parasequences on the platforms reflect maximum rates of sea-level rise and define maximum flooding surfaces. Highstand systems tract deposits are progradational. Early highstand systems tracts are represented by TDS and probably WDS depositional systems on the platforms and suspension mudstone deposits in the trough and reflect decreasing rates of sea-level rise. Later highstand systems tracts consist of the progradational SDS depositional system in the trough and, possibly, thin continental facies on the platforms. This stage of sequence development is related to slow rates of sea-level rise, stillstand and slow rates of fall. Lowstand deposits of shelf-margin systems tracts are not recognized but may be represented by shoreface deposits at the top of progradational SDS parasequence sets. 相似文献
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本文应用Vail层序地层学原理,综合利用地震、钻井、测井资料,对内蒙古开鲁盆地陆东凹陷早白垩统九佛堂组进行层序地层学研究,进而分析了层序格架内岩性圈闭的发育情况。研究发现,九佛堂组顶、底分别为上超面和削截面,内部可识别出初始湖泛面和最大湖泛面。在层序格架内九佛堂组发育扇三角洲、近岸浊积扇、远岸浊积扇和湖泊相。研究结果表明:九佛堂组为一个三级层序,可划分出低位、湖侵和高位体系域。九佛堂组岩性圈闭的发育类型及分布模式受层序格架及沉积相带控制。在盆地陡坡带主要发育构造-岩性圈闭,在深洼带主要发育砂岩透镜体圈闭,在盆地的缓坡带主要发育砂岩上倾尖灭圈闭。 相似文献
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综合应用测井曲线、岩心、野外露头剖面等资料,分析鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组的层序地层特征及沉积相,在延长组识别出4个三级层序界面,将延长组分为4个三级层序10个体系域,识别出4种主要的沉积体系:扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、曲流河三角洲及湖泊沉积体系。分析了各体系域沉积体系的平面展布特征,探讨了体系域沉积模式及层序与油气的关系。指出低位体系域中发育的三角洲平原河道及前缘水下分流河道砂体是最主要的储层,水进及高位体系域中发育的浊积岩砂体分布面积大,是潜在的储层、水进和高位体系域中发育的湖相泥、页岩是良好的生油层和盖层,使得陇东地区存在有利的生储盖组合,处于有利的含油气系统之中,具较好的油气勘探前景。 相似文献
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中部4区块位于准噶尔盆地腹部的昌吉凹陷,侏罗纪时堆积了浅水辫状三角洲相粗粒砂砾岩与深水湖泊相泥岩沉积,这些沉积在D2井区显示出多个明显的旋回.根据沉积相序变化、准层序叠加样式、测井曲线特征,通过伴生的低水位域底界面的识别及附近的超失、削截特征分析,仔细追踪和查明了10条关键层序界面,划分出9个三级层序,识别出低水位、湖进和高水位体系域.由于处于关键坡折带的下倾方向,每个层序均具有完整的三分结构,年限平均约5Ma,共识别出27个体系域,准层序组62个,准层序148个.单个层序厚度平均209.3m,单个准层序组平均厚30.4m,单个准层序平均厚13.0m. 相似文献
18.
琼东南盆地中东部三亚组层序构成及有利区带预测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
三亚组为琼东南盆地中东部②号断裂带地区重要的勘探目的层段之一.运用地震资料并结合钻井等其他资料, 将三亚组划分为2个三级层序: S60—S52、S52—S50, 并指出这2个层序发育的背景为挠曲双陆架坡折型.其中S60—S52层序表现出断拗转换阶段的特征, S52—S50层序则为隐伏断裂控制的挠曲坡折的特征.层序内体系域的发育受上述层序地层格架的控制, 下切谷、斜坡扇等低位体在S60—S52层序内较发育, 前积楔、斜坡扇等低位体在S52—S50层序内较发育.2个层序内海侵和高位体系域均受双坡折带控制, 并可划分出滨浅海陆架、陆坡和深海-半深海等沉积体系.指出了②号断裂带三亚组内的有利勘探区带. 相似文献
19.
Detached mud prism origin of highstand systems tracts from mid-Pleistocene sequences, Wanganui Basin, New Zealand 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stephen T. Abbott 《Sedimentology》2000,47(1):15-29
Marine siltstone successions, 1–20 m thick, form the upper part of sequences in the mid-Pleistocene Castlecliff section (≈ 0·98–0·35 Ma). The siltstones were deposited within a broad shelf embayment at and about glacioeustatic highstands and are interpreted as highstand systems tracts (HST). Shell-rich to relatively shell-poor contacts at the base of Castlecliff HST are interpreted as downlap surfaces, which mark the quenching of transgressive in situ biogenic accumulation (backlap shellbed). Nonetheless, the basal parts of Castlecliff HST successions are enriched in fossil content in the context of the highstand successions as a whole and represent downlap shellbeds. Castlecliff HST are truncated above by sequence-bounding ravinement surfaces, such that complete sandier-upward successions and subaerial exposure surfaces associated with sequence boundaries sensu stricto are never preserved. Modern highstand sedimentation in the Taranaki Bight offshore from Castlecliff is characterized by a mid-shelf mud depocentre and a coastal shore-connected sand prism, both of which are encroaching upon intervening shell-rich relict and palimpsest transgressive deposits. The mud depocentre is up to 9 m thick, and deposition is influenced by a gyre caused by bathymetric steering of storm-driven currents along the embayed coastline. Modern highstand deposition in the Taranaki Bight, in which the mud depocentre is in part detached from the contemporary shore-connected sand prism, is regarded as an analogue for the deposition of the preserved lower parts of Castlecliff HST. The inferred architecture of Castlecliff HST therefore need not refer to the shore-connected, progradational geometry predicted by traditional sequence models. The model proposed herein may have application to other shelf palaeo-embayments in which mid-shelf focusing of fine-grained sediment has resulted from coastal steering of currents. 相似文献
20.
利用高分辨率三维地震资料分析了孟加拉扇上扇某区块的深水沉积体特征。发现了六种典型地震相:下切充填相、海鸥翼状相、楔形发散相、透明相、强振幅平行相和弱振幅平行相。下切充填相代表粗粒的水道充填沉积;海鸥翼状相代表水道-天然堤复合体;楔形发散相代表细粒的天然堤沉积;透明相代表块体搬运沉积;强振幅平行相代表朵叶体沉积;弱振幅平行相代表深海披覆沉积。通过对典型地震剖面特征和平面属性分布分析可知:上扇垂向上依次沉积了朵叶体、水道和堤岸、朵叶体、水道-天然堤复合体。 相似文献