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1.
本研究采用钛合金密封式高压釜,在温度为600℃,压力为888 atm下合成具有八面体晶形的硫镍矿单晶。实验证明,用淬火的方法保留硫镍矿高温相(β)结构是不可能的。 低温相(α)硫镍矿属三方菱面体类,空间群为R32。在536℃时低温相硫镍矿转变为高温相(β),并在805±2℃时熔化。β-硫镍矿(Ni_(3±x)S_2)属等轴晶系,立方面心格子(F),晶胞参数α=5.208A,可能的点群有m3,432,m3m。  相似文献   

2.
在西藏雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带的东部,距拉萨市200km的罗布莎蛇绿岩的豆荚状铬铁岩中,发现方铁矿和自然铁。而且以自然铁为核心并包裹于方铁矿中,两者形成圆球形态。自然铁的空间群为Fm3m,晶胞参数a=0.28663nm。方铁矿空间群为Fm3m,晶胞参数a=0.43070nm。根据有关实验资料推断,高压矿物方铁矿和自然铁来自下地幔,并且可能为核幔边界化学反应生成物。  相似文献   

3.
在西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩块的铬铁矿中,存在一种Fe—Cr—Ni合金,电子探针分析确定其化学分子式为Ni0.45 Cr0.29 Fe0.26。其x射线粉晶衍射数据(括号内为I/Io,hkl)为:2.060(100,111)、1.775(70,200)、1.261(60,220)、1.076(50,311)、1.027(50,222),晶体结构应属于金属元素的γ—Fe物相。按其所属空间群金属元素的排列方式,确定其原子坐标并计算了理论粉晶衍射图,结果表明,理论粉晶图谱与实测粉晶衍射数据基本一致。该Fe—Cr—Ni合金晶体学参数可归纳为:a=3.5622A,空间群Fm3m,单位晶胞中的分子数Z=4,Dc=8.212g/cm^3。  相似文献   

4.
在中国大陆科学深钻主孔中发现了2粒FeCrNi合金球粒,粒径约200μm,其中w(Fe)=71.07%~73.68%,w(Cr)=14.55%~16.79%,w(Ni)=9.91%~11.47%,总和为98.2%~99.65%,分子式为Fe0.74Cr0.16Ni0.10。球粒内均含氧化物包体,由Cr、Mn、Al、Si、Fe、Ti和O组成。X射线衍射分析表明,FeCrNi球粒为多晶,具立方晶系的晶体结构,空间群为Fm3m,晶胞参数为a=0.3603nm,Z=4,密度为7.828g/cm3。球粒经抛光后呈银灰色,金属光泽,平均莫氏硬度为4.026,主波长S546反射率为56%。球粒可能是FeCrNi合金组成的金属熔融液滴冷却的产物。  相似文献   

5.
辽宁宽甸地幔岩中新发现的含Siα-Fe   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
含Si α-Fe发现于辽宁宽甸新生代碱性玄武岩所携带的地幔岩(橄榄二辉岩)中。据能谱和电子探针分析,矿物化学组成(%):Fe 95.735,Si 4.22,Mn 0.07。据矿物X射线粉晶数据指标化后算得:晶胞参数α=2.872A ,等轴晶系,空间群属Im3m。  相似文献   

6.
雅鲁矿:一种金属碳化物新矿物   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
雅鲁矿产于中国西藏曲松县罗布莎蛇绿岩铬铁矿山中(29°5′N, 92°5′E, 拉萨市东南约200公里处)。伴生矿物有金刚石、碳硅石、方铁矿、锇铱矿、铱锇矿(自然锇)、方镁石、铬铁矿等。与雅鲁矿伴生的金属碳化物有桐柏矿、陨碳铁矿、钛碳矿和曲松矿(IMA2007-034)。雅鲁矿及其伴生矿物都是从人工重砂大样中经选矿富集后得到的。该矿物为不规则粒状,粒径20~60 μm,钢灰色,不透明。莫氏硬度:5.5~6,性脆{001}解理完全,贝壳状断口。化学分子式为:(Cr4Fe4Ni)∑9C4, 或 (Cr, Fe, Ni)∑9C4。六方晶系,空间群:P63/mc, a=18.839(2), c=4.4960(9), V=745.7(2)3,Z=6,计算密度:7.19 g/cm3。雅鲁矿己被国际新矿物命名及矿物分类委员会(CNMMNC)批准为新矿物(IMA2007035),样品(M11650号)保存在中国地质博物馆  相似文献   

7.
我国花岗岩中自然镍的发现及其意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文报道的自然镍产于河北燕山南段一个钠质花岗岩小岩株中。自然镍的化学成分含Ni99.82%;等轴晶系,a=3.528±0.007A,空间群为Fm3m;反射率(%):55.3(480mμ),62.9(546mμ),62.1(589mμ),64.4(640mμ)。这一自然镍的发现可能表明在该花岗岩形成过程中有地幔物质的参加。  相似文献   

8.
在东海大陆超深钻(CCSD)的钻孔橄榄岩岩屑(孔深603-683米深部)中,分离出的矿物有硅酸盐、氧化物、硫化物、碳化物、自然元素、金属互化物和合金,计50-60种矿物。多种特征表明其中有一些不寻常矿物,并且有些矿物具有球状外形,如自然铁、镍纹石、铁镍合金、磁铁矿等。本文报道通过成分和结构分析鉴定出的铁磷合金矿物(Fe,P),成分中含少量Cr,Ni和Co,成分均一,分子式为(Fe1.80Ni0.05Cr0.02)P。EDXD数据表明该矿物的晶系属六方晶系;格子类型为P;空间群为P62m;晶胞参数a=b=5.877Ac=3.437A,a:c=1:0.5848。通过ICDDPDF-2x射线粉晶衍射数据库2004年公布的最新版本搜索查询,发现与人工合成的同种矿物Fe2P(ICDD83-2337,Barringerite.syn)十分接近,类似的矿物已在陨石中发现(FeNi)P,故确定本文报道的铁磷合金(Fe2P)为地球上首次发现的天然合金矿物。其成因和形成条件的研究正在进行中。  相似文献   

9.
铅锰钛铁矿呈不规则粒状、片状产于内蒙古的花岗斑岩中。本文对该矿物作了电子探针分析,计算出其化学式并简化为(Pb,Na,K)(Ti,Fe,Zn,Mn)_(21)O_(38)。单晶X射线衍射结果表明它是三方晶系,空间群R3,晶胞参数a=10.378(13)A,c=20.809(15)A,Z=3。  相似文献   

10.
砷铅铁矾一般产出于含砷硫化物矿床氧化带铁帽中,常见与之共生的矿物有臭葱石、砷铅石、砷铅铁石、乳砷铅铜石等砷酸盐类矿物。该矿物呈菱面体晶体,常呈假立方体状、粒状和球粒状。暗黄绿色。Hm=3.5,Hv=375kg/mm^2,Dm=4。广西平桂矿区产出的砷铅铁矾的化学成份W(B)/%为:PbO31.18,Fe2O3 31.38,As2O5 18.87,SO3 10.84,H2O 8,据此计算的矿物分子式为:Pb0.99Fe2.80(AsO4)1.17(SO4)0.96(OH)6.24。广西德保矿区产出的含铜较高的铜砷铅铁矾(?)的平均化学成份.W(B)/%为:PbO 31.72,Fe2O3 29.21,CuO 7.96,As2O5 14.84,SO3 9.88,H2O 8,据此计算的矿物分子式为:Pb0.99Fe2.61Cu0.69(AsO4)0.89(SO4)0.86o(OH)7.20砷铅铁矾(德保)的粉晶X射线分析主要衍射强线有:5.90(9),3.65(5),3.07(10),2.29(8),1.976(6)。晶胞参数为:a0=0.732nm,c0=1.702nm,Z=3。三方晶系,空间群为R3m。红外吸收光谱分析显示有波数/cm^-1为3475,3402,3212,1639,993,919,825,763,549,535.428等吸收带。差热分析显示有460C,770C和910C3个明显的吸热谷。  相似文献   

11.
Luobusaite: A New Mineral   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
A group of mantle minerals including about 70-80 subtypes of minerals are discovered from a podiform chromitite in Tibet, China. Recovered minerals include diamond, coesite, moissanite, wustite, Fe-silides and a new mineral, luobusaite. All of these minerals were hand-picked from heavymineral separates of the podiform chromitite in the mantle peridotite of an ophiolite. The grains of luobusaite are as host mineral with inclusions of native silicon or as an intergrowth with native silicon and Fe-Si phase. Luobusaite occurs as irregular grains, with 0.1-0.2 mm in size, consisting of very finegrained aggregates. The mineral is steel-grey in color, metallic luster, and opaque. The empirical formula (based on 2 for Si) is Fe0.83Si2, according to the chemical compositions of luobusaite. X-ray powder-diffraction data: orthorhombic system, space group Cmca, a = 9.874 (14) A, b = 7.784 (5) A, c= 7.829(7) A, Z=16.  相似文献   

12.
Wadi Sifein podiform chromite deposits, Central Eastern Desert of Egypt, are hosted by fully serpentinized peridotite that is a part of the dismembered Pan‐African ophiolite complexes. Relics of primary minerals and the chemical characters indicate that the ophiolitic rocks were derived from depleted mantle peridotite of harzburgite and subordinate dunite compositions. The mantle rocks were initially formed at a mid‐oceanic ridge and subsequently thrust at a supra‐subduction zone. The chromite mineralization at Wadi Sifein area displays either pod‐shaped bodies with massive and lumpy chromitite appearance or dissemination of chromian‐spinel in serpentinite matrix. The podiform chromitite exhibits a very limited compositional range in terms of Cr# [Cr/(Cr + Al) atomic ratio] and Mg# [Mg/(Mg + Fe) atomic ratio]. The chromian‐spinel, however, frequently displays optical and geochemical zoning. Four zones can be identified from core to edge: inner core representing the original composition of the chromian‐spinel; narrow Cr‐rich ferritchromit zone; wide ferritchromit zone; and outer Cr‐magnetite/magnetite zone. The zonation of chromian‐spinel is interpreted to be a result of serpentinization rather than magmatic or metamorphic processes. The geochemical data obtained from the chromitite and chromian‐spinel was statistically processed using discriminant and R‐mode factor analyses. Two trends, minor and major, were achieved considering the formation of ferritchromit. The minor trend is controlled by the redistribution of trivalent cations, where Cr2O3 increased on the expense mainly of Al2O3 and to less extent Fe2O3 to form zone II during the peak of serpentinization. The major trend of alteration, however, is explained by the exchange between Mg‐Fe2+ rather than Cr, Al, and Fe3+ to form zone III. Kammererite formation was accompanied the formation of zones III and IV at a 314°C temperature of formation.  相似文献   

13.
We report highly unusual platinum-group mineral (PGM) assemblages from geologically distinct chromitites (banded and podiform) of the Kraubath massif, the largest dismembered mantle relict in the Eastern Alps. The banded chromitite has a pronounced enrichment of Pt and Pd relative to the more refractory platinum-group elements (PGEs) of the IPGE group (Os, Ir, Ru), similar to crustal sections of ophiolites. On the contrary, the podiform chromitite displays a negatively sloping chondrite-normalised PGE pattern typical of ophiolitic podiform chromitite. The chemical composition of chromite varies from Cr# 73-77 in the banded type to 81-86 in the podiform chromitite. Thirteen different PGMs and one gold-rich mineral are first observed in the banded chromitite. The dominant PGM is sperrylite (53% of all PGMs), which occurs in polyphase assemblages with an unnamed Pt-base metal (BM) alloy and Pd-rich minerals such as stibiopalladinite, mayakite, mertieite II, unnamed Pd-Rh-As and Pd(Pt)-(As,Sb) minerals. This banded type also contains PGE sulphides (about 7%) represented by a wide compositional range of the laurite-erlichmanite series and irarsite (8%). Os-Ir alloy, geversite, an unnamed Pt-Pd-Bi-Cu phase and tetrauricupride are present in minor amounts. By contrast, the podiform chromitite, which yielded 21 different PGMs, is dominated by laurite (43% of all PGMs) which occurs in complex polyphase assemblages with PGE alloys (Ir-Os, Os-Ir, Pt-Fe), PGE sulphides (kashinite, bowieite, cuproiridsite, cuprorhodsite, unnamed (Fe,Cu)(Ir,Rh)2S4, braggite, unnamed BM-Ir and BM-Rh sulphides) and Pd telluride (keithconnite). A variety of PGE sulpharsenides (33%) including irarsite, hollingworthite, platarsite, ruarsite and a number of intermediate species have been identified, whereas sperrylite and stibiopalladinite are subordinate (2%). The occurrence of such a wide variety of PGMs from only two, 2.5-kg chromitite samples is highly unusual for an ophiolitic environment. Our novel sample treatment allowed to identify primary PGM assemblages containing all six PGEs in both laurite-dominated podiform chromitite as well as in uncommon sperrylite-dominated banded chromitite. We suggest that the geologically, geochemically and mineralogically distinct banded chromitite from Kraubath characterises the transition zone of an ophiolite, closely above the mantle section hosting podiform chromitite, rather than being representative of the crustal cumulate pile.  相似文献   

14.
陈艳虹  杨经绥 《地球科学》2018,43(4):991-1010
豆荚状铬铁矿是蛇绿岩的特征性矿产,对其成因的认识还存在较大的分歧,包括:(1)早期岩浆熔离;(2)地幔熔融残余;(3)熔体-岩石反应.豆荚状铬铁矿及其围岩地幔橄榄岩中大量异常地幔矿物群的发现,引起了地质学家对其形成过程的重新思考.回顾了铬铁矿的研究,借助pMELTS热力学软件模拟浅部地幔过程,使用定量化的方法限定这些过程对豆荚状铬铁矿形成的贡献,通过一个新的角度讨论其形成.初步模拟结果显示,单独的地幔部分熔融、熔体分离结晶以及拉斑质熔体与亏损地幔的反应等过程形成的铬铁矿,无论在数量还是品位上都难以达到矿床水平,暗示豆荚状铬铁矿的形成可能为多种作用耦合的结果,或与深部地幔作用有关.   相似文献   

15.
中国铬铁矿资源的瓶颈状态已持续多年。最近,在西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩的深部勘探发现200万t致密块状铬铁矿床,这是中国近50年来铬铁矿找矿的重大突破,对今后继续寻找同类型的铬铁矿床具有重要指导意义。蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩中产出的豆荚状铬铁矿床是工业需求铬的重要来源。研究豆荚状铬铁矿的成矿作用和矿体围岩地幔橄榄岩地质特征,建立铬铁矿的成矿模型和找矿标志,是开展寻找同类型矿床的重要保证。随着近些年在豆荚状铬铁矿及围岩地幔橄榄岩中金刚石等深部矿物的不断发现和深入研究,人们对蛇绿岩型铬铁矿的物质来源和形成过程,有了新的认识,提出了铬铁矿的深部成因模式。研究认为深部成因铬铁矿床主要经历了4个阶段:(1)早期俯冲到地幔过渡带(410~660 km)的陆壳和洋壳物质被脱水和肢解,过渡带产生的热和流体促成了地幔的熔融和Cr的释放和汇聚;(2)铬铁矿浆在地幔柱驱动下,运移到过渡带顶部冷凝固结,并有强还原的流体进入,后者携带了深部形成的金刚石、斯石英等高压矿物,进入"塑性—半塑性地幔橄榄岩"中;(3)随着物质向上移动,深度降低,早期超高压相矿物发生相变,如斯石英转变成柯石英,高压相的铬铁矿中出溶成柯石英和单斜辉石;(4)在侵位过程和俯冲带环境下,含水熔体与方辉橄榄岩反应形成了不含超高压矿物的规模相对较小的浸染状铬铁矿及纯橄岩岩壳。进一步研究表明,同处雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段的几个大型地幔橄榄岩岩体与罗布莎岩体可以对比,经历了相同的构造背景和豆荚状铬铁矿的成矿作用,存在较大的找矿空间。  相似文献   

16.
熊发挥  杨经绥  高健  来盛民  陈艳虹  张岚 《岩石学报》2016,32(12):3635-3648
泽当蛇绿岩位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带东段,岩体由地幔橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩、辉石岩、火山岩等组成。地幔橄榄岩主要为方辉橄榄岩、纯橄岩和二辉橄榄岩。在方辉橄榄岩中发现7处豆荚状铬铁矿,矿石类型主要有致密块状和浸染状。出露地表的长度0.5~3m,厚0.2~1m。矿体的延伸方向为北西向,与岩体展布的方向一致,铬铁矿的Cr~#=67.9~88.5,属于高铬型铬铁矿。泽当地幔橄榄岩岩相学特征以及矿物组合、矿物化学成份及岩相学特征,显示岩体至少存在两次的部分熔融过程,即为早期的MOR构造背景,以及后期SSZ环境的改造。铬铁矿的铂族元素(PGE)以富集Os、Rh、Pd,亏损Ir、Ru、Pt的负斜率分布模式,表明其形成过程中经受后期熔体/流体的改造。对比罗布莎岩体的矿物组合,矿物化学和地球化学等特征,显示泽当豆荚状铬铁矿矿体与典型高铬型具相似性,存在较大的找矿空间。  相似文献   

17.
Yarlongite occurs in ophiolitic chromitite at the Luobusha mine (29°5′N 92°5′E,about 200 km ESE of Lhasa),Qusum County,Shannan Prefecture,Tibet Autonomous Region,People's Republic of China.Associated minerals are:diamond,moissanite,wiistite,iridium ("osmiridium"), osmium ("iridosmine"),periclase,chromite,native iron,native nickel,native chromium,forsterite, Cr-rich diopside,intermetallic compounds Ni-Fe-Cr,Ni-Cr,Cr-C,etc.Yarlongite and its associated minerals were handpicked from a large heavy mineral sa...  相似文献   

18.
1 Introduction The association of massive Fe-Ni-Cu sulfides andchromite is a very unusual feature of podiformchromitites occurring in mantle tectonites of ophioliticcomplexes. It has only been described in theSoutheastern Desert, Egypt, where sulfides a…  相似文献   

19.
豆英状铬铁矿按其矿物化学组分分为高铝型(Cr#值为20~ 60)和高铬型(Cr#值为60~80)两类(Thayer,1970),在全球已报道的豆英状铬铁矿中普遍为在一岩体内只存一种类型的矿体,而在同一岩体内发现两种类型的铬铁矿体较少见.位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段普兰岩体中首次发现同时存在高铬型和高铝型铬铁矿,岩体由地幔橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩、火山岩等组成.地幔橄榄岩主要为方辉橄榄岩、纯橄岩和少量二辉橄榄岩.在方辉橄榄岩中发现7处透镜状的铬铁矿矿体露头,矿石类型主要有致密块状、稠密浸染状和稀疏浸染状等.矿体长2~6m,厚0.5~2m,矿体的最大延伸方向为北西-南东向,与岩体的展布方向一致,矿石的Cr#=52~88,高铬型铬铁矿包括Cr-2~5矿体,Cr#值为63~89,高铝型铬铁矿有Cr-1和Cr-6矿体,Cr#=52 ~55.矿石中脉石矿物主要为橄榄石、角闪石、蛇纹石等.普兰地幔橄榄岩的矿物结构显示,岩体经历了强烈的部分熔融以及塑性变形作用,地幔橄榄岩的地球化学特征显示岩体形成于MOR,后受到SSZ环境的改造.并且依据铬尖晶石-橄榄石/单斜辉石的矿物化学成分,识别出普兰地幔橄榄岩至少经历了3次不同的部分熔融,包括早期部分熔融(~10%)、晚期部分熔融(20%~30%)和局部的减压部分熔融作用(~15%).对比其他铬铁矿矿体和地幔橄榄岩的矿物组合,矿物化学和地球化学等,显示普兰豆荚状铬铁矿矿体与典型高铬型、高铝型铬铁矿具相似性,并存在较大的找矿空间.  相似文献   

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