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1.
The Dynamic Evaluation of Rock Slope Stability Considering the Effects of Microseismic Damage 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
N. W. Xu F. Dai Z. Z. Liang Z. Zhou C. Sha C. A. Tang 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(2):621-642
A state-of-the-art microseismic monitoring system has been implemented at the left bank slope of the Jinping first stage hydropower station since June 2009. The main objectives are to ensure slope safety under continuous excavation at the left slope, and, very recently, the safety of the concrete arch dam. The safety of the excavated slope is investigated through the development of fast and accurate real-time event location techniques aimed at assessing the evolution and migration of the seismic activity, as well as through the development of prediction capabilities for rock slope instability. Myriads of seismic events at the slope have been recorded by the microseismic monitoring system. Regions of damaged rock mass have been identified and delineated on the basis of the tempo-spatial distribution analysis of microseismic activity during the periods of excavation and consolidation grouting. However, how to effectively utilize the abundant microseismic data in order to quantify the stability of the slope remains a challenge. In this paper, a rock mass damage evolutional model based on microseismic data is proposed, combined with a 3D finite element method (FEM) model for feedback analysis of the left bank slope stability. The model elements with microseismic damage are interrogated and the deteriorated mechanical parameters determined accordingly. The relationship between microseismic activities induced by rock mass damage during slope instability, strength degradation, and dynamic instability of the slope are explored, and the slope stability is quantitatively evaluated. The results indicate that a constitutive relation considering microseismic damage is concordant with the simulation results and the influence of rock mass damage can be allowed for its feedback analysis of 3D slope stability. In addition, the safety coefficient of the rock slope considering microseismic damage is reduced by a value of 0.11, in comparison to the virgin rock slope model. Our results demonstrate that microseismic activity induced by construction disturbance only slightly affects the stability of the slope. The proposed feedback analysis technique provides a novel method for dynamically assessing rock slope stability and can be used to assess the slope stability of other similar rock slopes. 相似文献
2.
均匀设计与灰色理论在边坡稳定性分析中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用均匀设计安排试验,运用灰色理论中的灰色关联分析考察边坡稳定性影响因素的主次.结果表明,边坡稳定性影响因素的敏感性由大到小依次为:粘聚力、内摩擦角、重度、预应力、锚索间排距、锚索长度、锚固段长度、锚固角.可见,岩体的抗剪强度指标是影响边坡稳定性的最重要参数,其次是岩体的容重,而预应力锚索的设计参数对边坡的稳定性也有一定影响.这一分析结果为边坡开挖设计和加固方案的优化提供了重要依据. 相似文献
3.
水电站料场高边坡具有高度大、坡度陡、卸荷速度快等特点,因多按临时边坡进行设计,故施工期变形破坏事例频发。基于这一现状,依托瀑布沟水电站两岩质料场边坡,通过两年多跟踪施工过程的支护设计工作,总结出一套操作性强的料场高边坡稳定性及支护设计方法。针对料场边坡存在的受软弱结构面控制的边坡整体稳定性、浅表层块体稳定性、碎裂岩体稳定性三种工程地质问题,在跟踪施工过程开展岩体结构调查的基础上,按照先整体后局部的稳定性评价思路,开展高边坡稳定性评价。施工期动态支护设计按照保证整体稳定,控制局部变形,顾全潜在失稳区域的理念,通过定性评价确定不稳定区域并优先设计提交施工;针对施工中最易出现的块体变形和碎裂岩体变形,建立了合理的支护设计原则和严格的施工规定;对稳定性差、施工风险高、支护造价大的潜在不稳定区域,应及时地调整开挖方案,减少工程造价。实践表明,这套方法保证了料场高边坡的快速施工安全,减少了工程投资。 相似文献
4.
Earthquakes can trigger slope instability, especially in the case of slopes with cracks. Studies of slope stability rarely account for the presence of cracks. In this study, the upper bound limit analysis technique and the pseudo-static method were used to examine the stability of homogeneous slopes with cracks subjected to seismic loading. A series of stability charts for slope inclinations of 2:1 (β = 63.4°), 1:1 (β = 45°), 2:3 (β = 33.7°), and 1:2 (β = 26.6°) (vertical to horizontal) and internal friction angles, φ, of 10°, 20°, 30°, and 40° are presented. These charts should be useful for readily determining the stability number (critical slope height), the critical crack depth, and the region affected by cracks for cracks of known depth but unknown location, cracks of known location but unspecified depth, and cracks of unspecified depth and location. 相似文献
5.
为克服现有基于边坡岩体分级SMR法的修正分级法存在的缺陷,采用较为合理的修正模型,结合36个水电工程边坡,提出了改进的水电边坡岩体分级M-CSMR法。该法使用边坡类型系数替代开挖修正得分,同时考虑了开挖、水流冲刷及掏蚀作用的影响;将坡高对边坡岩体稳定性的影响引入分级中,给出坡高分级及评分原则;对SMR法中各指标权值重新进行调整。与岩体分级RMR法、边坡岩体分级SMR法及水电边坡岩体分级CSMR法进行了比较,结果表明M-CSMR分级法与经验评分最为接近,预测结果最好,最大绝对误差、平均绝对误差及剩余标准差均最小,因此M-CSMR是一种更优的水电边坡岩体分级方法。 相似文献
6.
Yan Jianhua Chen Jianping Li Yuchao Li Zhihai Zhang Yansong Zhou Xin Mehmood Qaiser Liu Jing Wang Zhou 《Natural Hazards》2022,111(3):2281-2296
Natural Hazards - Failure angle, also called maximum safe slope angle, is an important design parameter for rock slope stability analysis and slope excavation. This study aims to scientifically... 相似文献
7.
Evangelin Ramani Sujatha Thirukumaran V. 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2018,91(4):489-495
Linear infrastructure networks like roads play a vital role in the socio-economic development of hill towns centered on tourism. Stability of the slopes along the hill roads are therefore a major concern and slope failures lead to disruption of traffic and loss of property/life or both. This study analyses the stability of cut-slopes along the Kodaikkanal – Palani hill road in the Western Ghats, India using rock mass classification systems like rock mass rating (RMR), slope mass rating (SMR) and continuous slope mass rating (CSMR). These geomechanical classifications provide a preliminary assessment of rock quality based on rock strength, discontinuity properties, hydrogeological condition of the slopes and slope stability based on the inherent rock strength parameters, discontinuity orientation and method of excavation. The results showed that both rock quality and discontinuity orientation contribute to type of failure in rock slopes with RMR > 40. SMR results are conservative while CSMR classification is matches more closely to the failures obtained from the field survey. CSMR classification represents continuous slope stability conditions and hence are more suitable for development of spatial database. Cutting of roads, thereby, steepening slopes has a definite influence on the stability of slopes. 相似文献
8.
Geosynthetic is widely used to reinforce the weak rock mass, mine waste dump, soil slopes road cut slopes, etc. The present
paper discusses the effect of geogrids on the stability of mine waste dump. The stability of mine waste dump has been done
by Fast Langrage Analysis of Continua (FLAC) slope software, which is based on finite difference method. Reinforcement by
geogrids mainly depends on the tensile strength, aperture size of geogrids, and particle size distribution of dump rock mass.
Different permutations and combinations of spacing between two geogrid sheets have been taken into consideration to study
the stability of mine waste dump. The factor of safety is calculated to quantify the effect of geogrids on waste dump slope.
It has been observed from numerical modeling that the maximum slope angle is 45° at a height of 10 m. The scope of increasing
slope angle from 45 to 60° is evaluated using geogrids. It has been found from the study that the factor of safety increases
as the spacing between geogrids decreases. Maximum strain is also plotted of each case to identify the slip circle. The positions
of geogrids modify the probable slip circle or failure plane of mine waste dump. Using ten geogrids at a spacing of 1 m, the
slope angle can be increased up to 60° with factor of safety of 1.4. 相似文献
9.
锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡地质结构复杂,岩体存在大量深部裂隙、低波速松弛岩体、煌斑岩脉X及f2、f5断层,严重影响边坡的稳定性。采用基于强度折减法的岩石破裂过程分析RFPA方法对边坡典型部位在开挖后以及其对应弱层置换工况下的破坏全过程进行计算和分析,计算结果表明,f5断层在进行置换加固处理后,边坡安全系数较未置换弱层前提高了0.403,说明在岩质边坡开挖和支护前优先进行深部软弱结构置换处理,可以大大提高工程结构的安全储备。同时,RFPA强度折减法不仅能直观再现边坡潜在滑裂面从萌生到扩展直至贯通导致边坡整体失稳的全过程,而且可以得出边坡安全系数。研究结果对于边坡工程实施前稳定性评价和施工工序具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
10.
开挖卸荷作用下裂隙岩体边坡的破坏模式与路径分析是边坡工程灾害研究的热点之一,准确识别边坡的潜在破裂路径对工程安全施工和支护优化设计具有重要意义。依据断裂扩展分析方法,将裂隙扩展判别的理论方法开发并应用于数值模拟分析中,通过裂隙尖端应力强度因子计算、裂隙扩展模式识别、裂隙起裂角演算、裂隙扩展交汇等技术实现了岩体中断续裂隙的起裂、扩展与贯通演化过程的快速模拟;以某高速公路沿线裂隙岩体路堑边坡为对象,采用提出的模拟方法分析了多级开挖卸荷作用下坡体裂隙的扩展机制与边坡的破坏路径。结果表明：裂隙岩体边坡从上至下多级开挖过程中,坡肩裂隙首先起裂,并通过拉张型扩展逐渐发展为优势裂隙;随着边坡下挖,优势裂隙沿坡面向下逐步发生拉张/剪切混合型扩展并与既有裂隙交汇,在边坡中上部形成阶梯状扩展破坏路径;裂隙扩展至边坡下部及坡脚后扩展模式由拉张/剪切混合型转化为剪切型,并最终以弧形剪切面从坡脚出露。研究揭示了裂隙岩体边坡多级开挖卸荷作用下上部阶梯状拉张/剪切混合型破裂-下部弧形剪切型破裂的复合破坏模式,可为边坡工程支护设计和施工稳定性控制提供新思路。 相似文献
11.
为研究结构面性状对锦屏大奔流料场边坡岩体性质的影响,在对该边坡砂岩进行室内三轴压缩试验的基础上,开展含4组不同结构面性状岩体的力学模拟测试,最后对该边坡岩体的开挖进行数值模拟。试验结果表明,岩样破坏过程可以分为4个典型的阶段: 弹性变形阶段,屈服阶段,残余强度阶段及塑性流动阶段。随着围压的增大,岩石破坏所需偏应力逐渐增大,且岩石逐渐表现出延性特征。结构面性状模拟结果表明,含软弱充填结构面比不含者对岩体力学性质影响(弱化)大,有倾角结构面比无倾角结构面对岩体性质影响较大,大倾角结构面总体上比小倾角的影响大,软弱充填厚度对岩体内摩擦角影响较大。实例模拟结果表明,开挖卸荷使得边坡后缘岩体产生卸荷回弹变形,产生X向拉伸位移,煌斑岩脉的存在使得塑性区域沿此软弱带发展,开挖第8步时,塑性区贯通,边坡发生失稳。研究结果对陡高边坡岩体开挖的稳定性评价具有一定指导意义。 相似文献
12.
拟建场地位于六枝向斜轴部,裂隙发育,为向斜两翼地下水径流的汇水区。通过抽水试验,确定了水文地质参数,预算地下室开挖1m后,基坑的涌水量为4420.64m3/d。场地开挖后,形成的土质边坡高度为2～3.22m,岩质边坡为2.95～7.03m。由于地下水位埋深为3.00m左右,且基坑涌水量较大,因而地下水对边坡的稳定性影响较大.采用极限平衡法预测东部裙楼的南东面,当后缘裂隙充水高度大于0.57m时,边坡的稳定系数小于1.25,须强制支护,东、西部的稳定系数为2.58,边坡稳定,但仍需进行垂直支护;西部裙楼的南西面的稳定系数为0.83,属不稳定边坡,需进行降水和垂直支护。经过分析,确定基坑岩质边坡为70°,土质边坡为45°。提出了基坑支护方案和土钉墙的支护、施工要求。 相似文献
13.
Flexural toppling is a mode of failure that may occur in a wide range of layered rock strata in both rock slopes and large
underground excavations. Whenever rock mass is composed of a set of parallel discontinuities dipping steeply against the excavated
face plane, the rock mass will have the potential of flexural toppling failure as well. In such cases, the rock mass behaves
like inclined superimposed cantilever beams that bend under their own weight while transferring the load to the underlying
strata. If the bending stress exceeds the rock column’s tensile strength, flexural toppling failure will be initiated. Since
the rock columns are “statically indeterminate,” thus, their factors of safety may not be determined solely by equations of
equilibrium. The paper describes an analytical model with a sequence of inclined superimposed cantilever rock columns with
a potential of flexural topping failure. The model is based on the principle of compatibility equations and leads to a new
method by which the magnitudes and points of application of intercolumn forces are determined. On the basis of the proposed
model, a safety factor for each rock column can be computed independently. Hence, every rock column will have a unique factor
of safety. The least factor of safety that exists in any rock column is selected as the rock mass representative safety factor
based on which simple equations are proposed for a conservative rock mass stability analysis and design. As a result, some
new relations are established in order to design the length, cross-sectional area and pattern of fully grouted rock bolts
for the stabilisation of such rock mass. Finally, the newly proposed equations are compared with the results of existing experimental
flexural toppling failure models (base friction and centrifuge tests) for further verification. 相似文献
14.
白鹤滩水电站左岸坝基边坡地质构造错综复杂,坡内多条陡倾断层和顺坡向错动带是控制边坡稳定性的主要因素。结合现场地质资料、监测数据及勘察认识,利用通用离散元软件UDEC建立左岸边坡开挖变形分析模型。首先在无支护开挖工况下研究主要结构面F17、LS331、LS3319上下盘岩体关键点应力及位移变化,并指出潜在失稳破坏区;同时采用预应力锚索单元在不同施工时序下对潜在不稳定块体进行加固计算,对比研究了不同方案下左岸边坡的变形破坏机制和整体稳定性。计算结果和现场监测表明：左岸边坡变形破坏与结构面密切相关,在开挖卸荷作用下主要表现为沿错动带的压剪破坏和陡倾断层的张拉破坏,采用预应力锚索加固处理能够有效提高边坡稳定性,并且在开挖后及时跟进支护可以有效抑制边坡剪切变形。研究结果对白鹤滩左岸坝基边坡后续工程加固和施工工序具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
15.
浅析山区高等级公路中的边坡工程岩体 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
随着山区高等级公路建设的飞速发展，各类边坡工程岩体问题也日益增多。从卸荷岩体力学的基本观点入手，探讨了边坡工程岩体的变形破坏特性、稳定性评价方法以及开挖设计理论。研究表明，边坡工程岩体的变形破坏特性完全符合卸荷岩体力学行为，不同于常规的加载岩体行为；边坡工程岩体的稳定性分析计算中必须重视水力学因素和卸荷作用的影响，并得到了有意义的表达式；边坡工程岩体的开挖设计应在充分认识其工程力学性状的基础上，针对边坡岩体地质特性，结合已有各类稳定边坡的资料，进行既经济又可靠的优化设计。 相似文献
16.
Pipatpongsa Thirapong Fang Kun Leelasukseree Cheowchan Chaiwan Apipat 《Landslides》2022,19(8):1861-1879
A stability analysis of a laterally confined slope model, lying on an inclined bedding plane, was presented to evaluate the lateral shear resistance by considering the loading paths and failure envelopes. Two slope models were prepared on a bedding plane by compaction, one with and one without lateral confinement. The compacted models are related to the geological conditions at shallow depths where brittle deformation can occur and an excavation can induce horizontal field stress that significantly influences the stability of the slope. Three distinct loading paths, controlled by either tilting the angles or increasing the surcharge loads, were applied to achieve the failure of the slope models. Rankine’s passive earth pressure due to compaction was reduced by the shear strength reduction ratio. The shear strength reduction ratio was estimated through the least-squares fitting method based on the results of model tests at failure when the loading paths intersected the failure envelope. Provided that the effect of lateral confinement in a rock mass can be described by the shear strength reduction ratio, the proposed equations will be beneficial for slope stability analyses of laterally confined slopes on bedding planes. A case study of an undercut pit wall in an open-pit mine was demonstrated by showing that the unknown shear strength reduction ratio can be back-analyzed from the rainfall-induced landslide case. Therefore, the design of other undercut slopes with different geometries and groundwater conditions in the rock mass, which have undergone the same geological process as the back-analyzed case, is possible.
相似文献17.
An axisymmetric lower bound limit analysis technique in combination with the finite elements has been used to investigate the effect of considering a non-associated flow rule on the stability number (γH/c) for a vertical circular unsupported excavation in a general cohesive–frictional soil medium, where (1) H is the excavation height, (2) γ defines the unit weight of the soil mass, and (3) c indicates the cohesion of the soil mass. The results are derived for different magnitudes of dilative coefficient (η), friction angle (?), and normalized excavation height (H/b), where b = the radius of the excavation. The results clearly indicate the increase in γH/c with an increase in η value. It is expected that the charts provided in this note will be quite helpful for the practicing engineers.
相似文献18.
Analysis of Critical Excavation Depth for a Jointed Rock Slope Using a Face-to-Face Discrete Element Method 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary The critical excavation depth of a jointed rock slope is an important problem in rock engineering. This paper studies the
critical excavation depth for two idealized jointed rock slopes by employing a face-to-face discrete element method (DEM).
The DEM is based on the discontinuity analysis which can consider anisotropic and discontinuous deformations due to joints
and their orientations. It uses four lump-points at each surface of rock blocks to describe their interactions. The relationship
between the critical excavation depth D
s
and the natural slope angle α, the joint inclination angle θ as well as the strength parameters of the joints c
r
,φ
r
is analyzed, and the critical excavation depth obtained with this DEM and the limit equilibrium method (LEM) is compared.
Furthermore, effects of joints on the failure modes are compared between DEM simulations and experimental observations. It
is found that the DEM predicts a lower critical excavation depth than the LEM if the joint structures in the rock mass are
not ignored. 相似文献
19.