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1.
电气石的LA—MC—ICPMS原位微区硼同位素分析方法是最近几年新兴的一种高效经济的硼同位素分析方法。对上堡晚白垩世含电气石二云母花岗岩的电气石进行LA—MC—ICPMS原位微区的硼同位素研究发现,其具有非常均一的¨B／mB比值（3．9908～3．9979）~H万¨B值（加权平均为（一12．86＋0．19）‰）。结合区域地质资料以及其他已有的硼同位素资料,提出上堡花岗岩中硼来源于沉积岩,可能的源区是邻近花岗岩体的石炭一二叠系的沉积地层或深埋在地壳中的沉积物质。在晚白垩世,华南处于伸展的背景中,幔源岩浆的底侵带来的巨大的热源使地壳中的沉积物质发生熔融,形成强过铝质的花岗质浆,在岩浆演化的晚期形成电气石。  相似文献   

2.
硼同位素在自然界中变化范围很大,可以用于研究宇宙星云形成过程、地球壳幔演化、板块俯冲以及判别沉积环境、矿床成因,水环境地球化学和重建古海洋环境等。电气石是自然界中最重要的含硼矿物,是理想的硼同位素分析对象。本文利用中国科学院广州地球化学研究所开发的电气石LA-MC-ICPMS硼同位素分析方法,以哀牢山构造带志留系-泥盆系碎屑岩为例,阐述了碎屑电气石的硼同位素对源区示踪的意义。利用一台Neptune Plus多接收等离子体质谱仪连接一台RESOlution M-50准分子(193 nm)激光剥蚀进样系统,采用标样-样品-标样交叉法校正仪器分馏,以国际电气石标样IAEA B4为外部标准,中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所IMR RB1实验室标样为未知样,检验了该方法的可靠性和准确度。IMR RB1的δ11B测试结果为(–13.34±0.20)‰(1σ,n=25),与之前报道的结果(–12.96±0.49)‰(1σ)在误差范围一致。哀牢山构造带古特提斯缝合线两侧的志留系-泥盆系沉积岩中的碎屑电气石硼同位素分析结果表明缝合线两侧碎屑电气石δ11B值具有明显的差异,思茅一侧的碎屑电气石来源比较复杂,主要峰值在–13‰~–18‰之间,部分电气石的硼同位素体系可能受到了非海相蒸发岩、变质流体或者岩浆演化后期强烈的岩浆去气作用的影响。扬子一侧碎屑电气石主要峰值在–13‰~–11‰,来源相对比较单一,源区可能受到俯冲流体的影响。这些结果与我们之前的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄数据一致,指示哀牢山古特提斯缝合线两侧物源在志留纪泥盆纪时代存在显著差异。  相似文献   

3.
东南极拉斯曼丘陵地区麻粒岩相岩石中出露一套罕见的含硅硼镁铝矿-柱晶石-电气石矿物组合的富硼岩系.由于高级变质作用已使原岩的性质难以确定,变质原岩及其形成环境的恢复变得十分困难,而硼同位素组成则可以作为判定硼来源的有效示踪剂和指相标志.报道了东南极拉斯曼丘陵硅硼镁铝矿-柱晶石-电气石富硼岩系的硼同位素组成资料,其δ11B值变化范围为-12.0‰～-34.6‰,硼同位素的低比值和其他地质证据表明,其原岩为非海相蒸发硼酸盐岩.  相似文献   

4.
辽东地区沉积变质硼矿床及硼同位素研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  
辽东地区元古界硼矿床属于沉积变质硼矿。根据现代盐湖沉积 ,认为硼矿物沉积通常为硼砂 ,然后在区域变质作用过程中 ,硼砂矿物转变为硼镁矿物或硼铁矿等硼酸盐矿物 ,但辽东硼矿床中不同硼矿物的硼同位素有一定差别。电气石富10 B ,δ11B值较低或呈负值 ;而硼镁石与硼镁铁矿类矿物明显富集11B ,δ11B值较高 ,为 +2 3‰～ +17 4‰。根据水岩作用过程中硼同位素分馏特征的研究 ,11B与10 B比较有下列 4个特征 :( 1) 11B属于极不相容元素 ,优先进入水相 ,因此在变质残余矿物相中形成低的δ11B值 ;( 2 )在蚀变和交代变质反应中硅优先替代11B进入矿物晶格 ,因此在硅化交代中可以降低δ11B值 ,而脱硅反应中可以提高δ11B值 ;水化作用中 ,OH-带入11B ,使富水矿物具有较高的δ11B值 ;( 3)热水沉积及热液交代成因电气石均具有较低的δ11B值或者为负值 ;( 4)通过最近的研究表明 ,在热蒸馏过程中 ,硼同位素会发生明显的分馏 ,11B倾向于进入蒸汽相 ,而使残余相或后蒸馏相亏损11B ,形成较低的δ11B值。因此可以认为辽东地区元古界硼矿床属于热水沉积电气石岩在后期区域变质或热变质过程中分解出硼酸气水溶液交代镁碳酸盐形成硼镁石或硼镁铁矿矿物 ,而非蒸发沉积变质矿床。  相似文献   

5.
张晗  王宗起 《地质学报》2018,92(3):575-586
硼同位素由于其稳定性,可以作为很好的源区示踪工具。本次采用LA-MC-ICP-MS方法对铜矿峪变斑岩型铜钼矿床绢英岩化带中的电气石硼同位素进行了原位测试。获得δ11 B值为-21.1‰~1.1‰,数据分布显示为相对富轻硼的(-16‰~-14‰)和相对富重硼的(-1.5‰~1.5‰)两个峰值。结合前人硼同位素储库比对分析,铜矿峪铜钼矿床显示了大陆热液系统的硼同位素组成特征。铜矿峪铜钼矿床富轻硼的峰值特征很可能由火山岩围岩提供。相对富重硼峰值很可能是铜矿峪成矿花岗闪长斑岩和花岗闪长岩提供。铜矿峪铜钼矿床的电气石硼同位素特征相对于其他斑岩型铜矿床及IOCG矿床明显更富集轻硼,显示了该矿床成矿中有大量陆壳的硼加入。  相似文献   

6.
本文总结了近年来有关高压-超高压变质电气石的研究成果,并在此基础上指出未来该领域的重点研究方向.电气石是一种分布广泛的矿物.实验证明其稳定存在的温度大于850℃,压力大于4 GPa.由于较慢的空间扩散作用、复杂的成分替代关系和较高的环境敏感度,电气石可以保存完好的生长环带.这有助于我们分析同位素演化、变质流体成分、岩石变质历史等.高压-超高压电气石结构化学研究表明电气石结构中的某些元素含量(如Al和F含量)和矿物的形成温度具有很好的相关性.根据不同的硼同位素来源,高压-超高压变质电气石的生长模型可以分为A型电气石、B型电气石和C型电气石.通过分析出露在全球各地的代表性高压-超高压变质电气石,其特征总体表现为:①多为镁电气石;②X晶位具有很高的占位率(＞0.8 pfu);③化学结构中硼元素具有过量特征(3.2～3.3 pfu);④Ti、Mn、Li、Cl含量很低;⑤硼同位素成分的变化范围为:-16％ ＜δ11B＜+ 1‰.未来高压-超高压变质电气石的研究重点应该放在电气石晶体化学和变质p-t条件的关系、电气石-流体之间微量元素的分异作用以及含硼矿物组合的相平衡模拟等.  相似文献   

7.
辽宁宽甸地区砖庙硼矿区的硼矿体呈层状或透镜状赋存于古元古代辽河群里尔峪组火山—沉积建造下部的蛇纹石化大理岩之中。本研究对矿区内外的伟晶岩和变粒岩中的电气石进行了LA-MC-ICP-MS硼同位素微区原位测试,分析了矿床成因;同时对栾家沟矿段矿体上盘含电气石变粒岩和斜长角闪岩进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年,探讨了成矿时代。得到以下数据和认识:1矿区伟晶岩中电气石的δ11 B为10.9‰~12.7‰,变粒岩中电气石的δ11B为5.7‰~7.6‰,矿区外伟晶岩中电气石的δ11B为-9.9‰~-9.2‰,变粒岩中电气石的δ11 B为-8.3‰~-5.9‰。硼同位素组成往外降低的现象说明,围岩及侵位其中的伟晶岩的B同位素组成均受硼矿床影响,硼矿可能是海相蒸发沉积成因;2含电气石变粒岩核部岩浆锆石的207 Pb/206 Pb加权平均年龄为2174±10Ma,代表了辽吉裂谷早期的火山喷发时代,亦大致代表了初始的含硼蒸发岩的沉积时代上限,根据硼同位素研究结果,可将宽甸地区硼矿的初始沉积成矿时代限定在2.17Ga;3斜长角闪岩重结晶锆石207 Pb/206 Pb加权平均年龄为1869±28Ma,代表了吕梁运动所引起的区域构造热事件和混合岩化作用的时间。  相似文献   

8.
硼同位素及其地质应用研究   总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25  
硼的两个稳定同位素（10B 和11B）相对质量差较大,因此,硼同位 素分馏较显著。由于分析测量技术方面的改进和创新, 硼同位素地球化学近年来有了长足 的发展。业已查明,自然界中δ11B值变化为 －37‰～+58‰。其中,较负的 δ11B值见于非海相蒸发硼酸盐矿物和某些电气石,而较正的δ11B值见 于某些盐湖卤水和蒸发海水。现代大洋水的δ11B值十分恒定 (+39,5‰)。原始 地幔的δ11B值估测为－10‰±2‰。陨石的δ11B值很不均一,变化 可达90‰。而月岩的δ11B值变化较小（－6‰～+4‰）。由于硼同位素存在大的 分馏和不同地质体中截然不同的δ11B值,硼同位素地质应用范围十分广泛。目 前,硼同位素在研究星云形成过程和宇宙事件,壳-幔演化和板块俯冲作用过程,判别沉积 环境,研究矿床成因,示踪古海洋和古气候条件,和判断环境污染源区等方面的研究中成效显著。  相似文献   

9.
彭章旷  马云麒  彭齐鸣 《地质学报》2021,95(7):2160-2168
建立温度与硼同位素变化的关系是研究沉积硼酸盐成岩-变质作用中硼同位素地球化学行为的关键,这有助于准确认识硼酸盐δ11 B值所代表的地质意义.本文以自然产出的三方硼砂和钠硼解石为材料,结合热分解特征研究了不同热作用过程中硼同位素变化.200℃下硼酸盐经历结晶水的脱水反应,此过程中三方硼砂和钠硼解石δ11B值分别由6.48±0.14‰降低到5.41±0.27‰和由-13.27±0.11‰降低到-15.93±0.23‰.1‰～3‰的硼同位素变化与自然界观察到的由脱水作用形成的次生硼酸盐比原生硼酸盐δ11 B值低2‰～4‰的现象一致.200～300℃间经历羟基的脱水过程,伴随着1‰～2‰的硼同位素降低,此过程中三方硼砂和钠硼解石δ11 B值分别由5.41±0.27‰降低到3.73±0.26‰和由-15.93±0.23‰降低到-17.11±0.11‰.300～670℃间硼酸盐经历物相转化过程,三方硼砂和钠硼解石δ11B值分别由3.73±0.26‰升高到4.59±0.08‰和-17.11±0.11‰升高到-16.08±0.20‰.此过程1‰的硼同位素升高是由硼-氧骨架结构改变造成的.本实验结果可以指示沉积硼酸盐的形成过程,以及埋藏过程中的硼同位素变化规律.硼酸盐脱水过程中会形成具有更高δ11 B值的流体,其可能显著影响内生硼矿的硼同位素组成,因此讨论硼同位素地质意义不能与海相-非海相环境中的硼同位素组成进行简单对比,需要考虑流体演化过程中的硼同位素变化.  相似文献   

10.
翁泉沟硼镁铁矿矿床呈层状赋存于南辽河群里尔裕组火山_沉积地层下部的钙镁硅酸盐岩中,是一个大型含铀硼镁铁矿矿床。文章运用LA_MC_ICP_MS硼同位素微区原位测试技术和MC_ICP_MS酸溶法硼同位素测试技术,获得硼镁铁矿矿石中δ11B值为6.9‰~8.2‰;硼镁石δ11B值为7.4‰~7.8‰;变粒岩(上盘)内电气石的δ11B值为4.2‰~4.8‰;蛇纹石化碳酸盐岩中的δ11B值为7.6‰~9.4‰。镁铁矿矿石内磁黄铁矿的δ34SV_CDT值为12.3‰~13.2‰,矿体上下层位中的蛇纹石化大理岩δ13CV_PDB值为-4.6‰~1.8‰,矿床外围同层位的大理岩δ13CV_PDB值为-1.2‰~0.1‰。文章结合该矿床内成矿地层中的蛇纹石化镁质大理岩、橄榄玄武岩和硼镁铁矿的共生关系,认为辽东地区硼酸盐矿床中的硼最初来自富硼海水,后经蒸发和变质作用而形成硼酸盐矿床。  相似文献   

11.
Two-mica granite is the most common magmatic rock type in the Himalayan leucogranite belt, which has close relationship with rare metal mineralization. Its genesis is generally attributed to magmatic differentiation. In recent years, the mineral geochemical compositions are increasingly used to study magmatic differentiation, which are significant for deciphering the melt evolution and element migration processes. In this study, in-situ major and trace element and boron isotope compositions for tourmalines from two-mica granites in the Cuona and Cuonadong leucogranites in the Cuona area are conducted to determine microscopic changes in mineral assemblages and geochemical compositions. Analytical results show that the tourmalines in the Cuonadong leucogranite were crystallized earlier relative to the tourmalines in the Cuona leucogranite during magmatic differentiation. The volatile contents have a genetic relationship with incompatible elements in tourmaline, which is possibly responsible for the formation of tourmaline zonation and the enrichment of Sr, Zn, and Pb during magmatic differentiation. The B isotopic composition of tourmaline in the Cuona area suggests that the granitic magma was dominantly derived from the partial melting of the metasedimentary source rocks. Their B isotope variations likely resulted from fluid exsolution during B-rich melt evolution. High rare metal contents in tourmalines indicate that the two-mica granites in the Cuona area may have great mineralization potential.  相似文献   

12.
The Qiman Tagh W-Sn belt lies in the westernmost section of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China, and is associated with early Paleozoic monzogranites, tourmaline is present throughout this belt. In this paper we report chemical and boron isotopic compositions of tourmaline from wall rocks, monzogranites, and quartz veins within the belt, for studying the evolution of ore-forming fluids. Tourmaline crystals hosted in the monzogranite and wall rocks belong to the alkali group, while those hosted in quartz veins belong to both the alkali and X-site vacancy groups. Tourmaline in the walk rocks lies within the schorl-dravite series and becomes increasingly schorlitic in the monzogranite and quartz veins. Detrital tourmaline in the wall rocks is commonly both optically and chemically zoned,with cores being enriched in Mg compared with the rims. In the Al-Fe-Mg and Ca-Fe-Mg diagrams,tourmaline from the wall rocks plots in the fields of Al-saturated and Ca-poor metapelite, and extends into the field of Li-poor granites, while those from the monzogranite and quartz veins lie within the field of Li-poor granites. Compositional substitution is best represented by the MgFe_(-1), Al(NaR)_(-1), and AlO(Fe(OH))_(-1) exchange vectors. A wider range of δ~(11)B values from -11.1‰ to -7.1‰ is observed in the wall-rock tourmaline crystals, the B isotopic values combining with elemental diagrams indicate a source of metasediments without marine evaporates for the wall rocks in the Qiman Tagh belt. The δ~(11)B values of monzogranite-hosted tourmaline range from -10.7‰ and-9.2‰, corresponding to the continental crust sediments, and indicate a possible connection between the wall rocks and the monzogranite. The overlap in δ~(11)B values between wall rocks and monzogranite implies that a transfer of δ~(11)B values by anataxis with little isotopic fractionation between tourmaline and melts. Tourmaline crystals from quartz veins have δ~(11)B values between -11.0‰ and-9.6‰, combining with the elemental diagrams and geological features, thus indicating a common granite-derived source for the quartz veins and little B isotopic fractionation occurred. Tourmalinite in the wall rocks was formed by metasomatism by a granite-derived hydrothermal fluid, as confirmed by the compositional and geological features.Therefore, we propose a single B-rich sedimentary source in the Qiman Tagh belt, and little boron isotopic fractionation occurred during systematic fluid evolution from the wall rocks, through monzogranite, to quartz veins and tourmalinite.  相似文献   

13.
Tourmaline is the principal repository of boron in crustal rocks and therefore useful for tracing B-cycling during prograde dehydration and retrogression of supracrustal rocks. Here, we use the major-trace element, and B isotope composition of tourmaline from schists, quartzites, and tourmaline-quartz veins of the Gangpur Schist Belt in eastern India to constrain the source of boron and the physicochemical evolution of B-rich fluids during prograde dehydration metamorphism. Tourmaline growth and re-equilibration in rocks of the Gangpur Schist Belt was a multi-stage process involving several fluid sources. The δ11B varies between ?6‰ and ?18‰, indicating a dominantly continental source for boron. Tourmaline in schists, quartzites, and tourmaline-quartz veins grew over a wide range of P-T conditions and record multiple episodes of metamorphic dehydration between ca. 1.6 Ga and ca. 0.95Ga. The tourmaline in tourmaline-quartz veins and quartzites has lighter B-isotope composition, typical of continental detritus, while those in the schists and quartzites record pelite-dehydration signature with values decreasing gradually from ca. ?12‰ in the cores to ca. ?17‰ in the rims. Heavier isotopic compositions (δ11B of ca. ?6‰) measured in some grains in the pelites and quartzites indicate boron contribution from meta?carbonate sources. The mixing of a heavier B-rich metacarbonate-derived fluid with pelite-derived metamorphic fluids could explain the lower B-isotope values in such tourmaline. The study also attempts to constrain the controls on the intake of trace elements in tourmaline. The results suggest that the partitioning of Mn, Y, V, Co and Ti in tourmaline is affected by the growth of porphyroblast phases such as garnet, staurolite, and biotite, while Li, Sr, Zn and Sn reflect the signature of the metamorphic fluid.  相似文献   

14.
相山铀矿田是我国最大的火山岩型铀矿田,其赋矿围岩主要为流纹英安岩、碎斑熔岩和部分前寒武纪变质岩和中生代花岗斑岩。碎斑熔岩的边缘亚相中发育直径10~20 cm的球形电气石囊包,其主要的矿物组合为电气石、石英以及少量长石、萤石,伴生少量晶质铀矿,另可见电气石交代早期的长石。利用显微镜、电子探针、激光剥蚀多接收等离子质谱仪等分析仪器,对相山如意亭地区碎斑熔岩中电气石囊包进行了详细的矿物学研究工作。电子探针成分分析显示,碎斑熔岩中电气石为典型的黑电气石,以富含Na、Fe等元素为特征,电气石中挥发性组分较高;其中,B2O3质量分数为9.38%~10.04%,F质量分数为0.10%~1.77%。成矿流体中高质量分数的B、F等挥发性组分及岩浆早期阶段的较高氧逸度环境使得U元素更易形成络合物,更利于U的迁移与富集。利用LA-MC-ICP-MS硼同位素微区原位分析法对碎斑熔岩中电气石的硼同位素进行分析测试,结果显示,电气石中的δ11 B质量分数为（-13.15±0.72）‰~（-12.28±0.63）‰,均值为（-12.72±0.94）‰,指示相山火山-侵入杂岩体主要来源于相山底部地壳基底岩石的部分熔融。  相似文献   

15.
Tourmalinization associated with peraluminous granitic intrusions in metapelitic host-rocks has been widely recorded in the Iberian Peninsula, given the importance of tourmaline as a tracer of granite magma evolution and potential indicator of Sn-W mineralizations. In the Penamacor-Monsanto granite pluton (Central Eastern Portugal, Central Iberian Zone), tourmaline occurs: (1) as accessory phase in two-mica granitic rocks, muscovite-granites and aplites, (2) in quartz (±mica)-tourmaline rocks (tourmalinites) in several exocontact locations, and (3) as a rare detrital phase in contact zone hornfels and metapelitic host-rocks. Electron microprobe and stable isotope (δ18O, δD, δ11B) data provide clear distinctions between tourmaline populations from these different settings: (a) schorl–oxyschorl tourmalines from granitic rocks have variable foititic component (X□ = 17–57 %) and Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratios (0.19–0.50 in two-mica granitic rocks, and 0.05–0.19 in the more differentiated muscovite-granite and aplites); granitic tourmalines have constant δ18O values (12.1 ± 0.1 ‰), with wider-ranging δD (?78.2 ± 4.7 ‰) and δ11B (?10.7 to ?9.0 ‰) values; (b) vein/breccia oxyschorl [Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.31–0.44] results from late, B- and Fe-enriched magma-derived fluids and is characterized by δ18O = 12.4 ‰, δD = ?29.5 ‰, and δ11B = ?9.3 ‰, while replacement tourmalines have more dravitic compositions [Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.26–0.64], close to that of detrital tourmaline in the surrounding metapelitic rocks, and yield relatively constant δ18O values (13.1–13.3 ‰), though wider-ranging δD (?58.5 to ?36.5 ‰) and δ11B (?10.2 to ?8.8 ‰) values; and (c) detrital tourmaline in contact rocks and regional host metasediments is mainly dravite [Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.35–0.78] and oxydravite [Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.51–0.58], respectively. Boron contents of the granitic rocks are low (<650 ppm) compared to the minimum B contents normally required for tourmaline saturation in granitic melts, implying loss of B and other volatiles to the surrounding host-rocks during the late-magmatic stages. This process was responsible for tourmalinization at the exocontact of the Penamacor-Monsanto pluton, either as direct tourmaline precipitation in cavities and fractures crossing the pluton margin (vein/breccia tourmalinites), or as replacement of mafic minerals (chlorite or biotite) in the host-rocks (replacement tourmalinites) along the exocontact of the granite. Thermometry based on 18O equilibrium fractionation between tourmaline and fluid indicates that a late, B-enriched magmatic aqueous fluid (av. δ18O ~12.1 ‰, at ~600 °C) precipitated the vein/breccia tourmaline (δ18O ~12.4 ‰) at ~500–550 °C, and later interacted with the cooler surrounding host-rocks to produce tourmaline at lower temperatures (400–450 °C), and an average δ18O ~13.2 ‰, closer to the values for the host-rock. Although B-metasomatism associated with some granitic plutons in the Iberian Peninsula seems to be relatively confined in space, extending integrated studies such as this to a larger number of granitic plutons may afford us a better understanding of Variscan magmatism and related mineralizations.  相似文献   

16.
The Hattu schist belt is located in the western part of the Archaean Karelian domain of the Fennoscandian Shield. The orogenic gold deposits with Au–Bi–Te geochemical signatures are hosted by NE–SW, N–S and NW–SE oriented shear zones that deform 2.76–2.73 Ga volcanic and sedimentary sequences, as well as 2.75–2.72 Ga tonalite–granodiorite intrusions and diverse felsic porphyry dykes. Mo–W mineralization is also present in some tonalite intrusions, both separate from, and associated with Au mineralization. Somewhat younger, unmineralized leucogranite intrusions (2.70 Ga) also intrude the belt. Lower amphibolite facies peak metamorphism at 3–5 kbar pressures and at 500–600 °C temperatures affected the belt at around 2.70 Ga and post-date hydrothermal alteration and ore formation. In this study, we investigated the potential influence of magmatic-hydrothermal processes on the formation of orogenic gold deposits on the basis of multiple stable isotope (B, S, Cu) studies of tourmaline and sulphide minerals by application of in situ SIMS and LA ICP MS analytical techniques.Crystal chemistry of tourmaline from a Mo–W mineralization hosted by a tonalite intrusion in the Hattu schist belt is characterized by Fe3 +–Al3 +-substitution indicating relatively oxidizing conditions of hydrothermal processes. The range of δ11B data for this kind of tourmaline is from − 17.2‰ to − 12.2‰. The hydrothermal tourmaline from felsic porphyry dyke swith gold mineralization has similar crystal chemistry (e.g. dravite–povondraite compositional trend with Fe3 +–Al3 + substitution) and δ11B values between − 19.0‰ and − 9.6‰. The uvite–foitite compositional trend and δ11B ‰ values between − 24.1% and − 13.6% characterize metasomatic–hydrothermal tourmaline from the metasediment-hosted gold deposits. Composition of hydrothermal vein-filling and disseminated tourmaline from the gold-bearing shear zones in metavolcanic rocks is transitional between the felsic intrusion and metasedimentary rock hosted hydrothermal tourmaline but the range of average boron isotope data is essentially identical with that of the metasediment-hosted tourmaline. Rock-forming (magmatic) tourmaline from leucogranite has δ11B values between − 14.5‰ and − 10.8‰ and the major element composition is similar to that of the metasediment-hosted tourmaline.The range of δ34SVCDT values measured in pyrite, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite is from − 9.1 to + 8.5‰, which falls within the typical range of sulphur isotope data for Archaean orogenic gold deposits. In the Hattu schist belt, positive δ34SVCDT values characterize metasediment-hosted gold ores with sulphide parageneses dominated by pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite. The δ34SVCDT values are both positive and negative in ore mineral parageneses within felsic intrusive rocks in which variable amounts of pyrrhotite are associated with pyrite. Purely negative values were only recorded from the pyrite-dominated gold mineralization within metavolcanic units. Therefore the shift of δ34SVCDT values to the negative values reflects precipitation of sulphide minerals from relatively oxidizing fluids. The range of measured δ65CuNBS978 values from chalcopyrite is from − 1.11 to 1.19‰. Positive values are common for mineralization in felsic intrusive rocks and negative values are more typical for deposits confined to metasedimentary rocks. Positive and negative δ65CuNBS978 values occur in the ores hosted by metavolcanic rocks. There is no correlation between sulphur and copper isotope data obtained in the same chalcopyrite grains.Evaluation of sulphur and boron isotope data together and comparisons with other Archaean orogenic gold provinces supports the hypothesis that the metasedimentary rocks were the major sources of sulphur and boron in the orogenic gold deposits in the Hattu schist belt. Variations in major element and boron isotope compositions in tourmaline, as well as in the δ34SVCDT values in sulphide minerals are attributed to localized involvement of magmatic fluids in the hydrothermal processes. The results of copper isotope studies indicate that local sources of copper in orogenic gold deposits may potentially be recognized if the original, distinct signatures of the sources have not been homogenized by widespread interaction of fluids with a large variety of rocks and provided that local chemical variations have been too small to trigger changes in the oxidation state of copper during hydrothermal processes.  相似文献   

17.
Six tourmaline samples were investigated as potential reference materials (RMs) for boron isotope measurement by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The tourmaline samples are chemically homogeneous and cover a compositional range of tourmaline supergroup minerals (primarily Fe, Mg and Li end‐members). Additionally, they have homogeneous boron delta values with intermediate precision values during SIMS analyses of less than 0.6‰ (2s). These samples were compared with four established tourmaline RMs, that is, schorl IAEA‐B‐4 and three Harvard tourmalines (schorl HS#112566, dravite HS#108796 and elbaite HS#98144). They were re‐evaluated for their major element and boron delta values using the same measurement procedure as the new tourmaline samples investigated. A discrepancy of about 1.5‰ in δ11B was found between the previously published reference values for established RMs and the values determined in this study. Significant instrumental mass fractionation (IMF) of up to 8‰ in δ11B was observed for schorl–dravite–elbaite solid solutions during SIMS analysis. Using the new reference values determined in this study, the IMF of the ten tourmaline samples can be modelled by a linear combination of the chemical parameters FeO + MnO, SiO2 and F. The new tourmaline RMs, together with the four established RMs, extend the boron isotope analysis of tourmaline towards the Mg‐ and Al‐rich compositional range. Consequently, the in situ boron isotope ratio of many natural tourmalines can now be determined with an uncertainty of less than 0.8‰ (2s).  相似文献   

18.
Identifying evidence of oxidative weathering in the geological record is essential to trace the evolution of Earth's atmosphere oxygenation. Metamorphosed residues of lateritic weathering have been identified as two rock types in the 2.1‐Ga‐old Cercadinho Formation, Piracicaba Group, Quadrilátero Ferrífero of Minas Gerais. One is tourmaline–hematite–sillimanite–kyanite quartzite; the other is rutile–tourmaline–hematite–muscovite phyllite. Both rocks have abundant tourmaline with δ11B values between about ?17‰ and ?13‰. The Cercadinho tourmaline is roughly parallel to the povondraite–“oxy‐dravite” join of meta‐evaporitic tourmaline, in its more aluminous segment, offset to higher contents of iron. These compositional and isotopic characteristics of the Cercadinho tourmaline indicate that continental evaporitic brines interacted with aluminium‐ and iron‐rich residues of lateritic weathering. The abundance of disseminated tourmaline, a mineral poorly reported from palaeosols worldwide, implies a boron‐rich brine overprint on the lateritic profile before the onset of metamorphism, reflecting a climatic change from humid to arid conditions in a continental setting. The recognition of lateritic weathering in the Cercadinho Formation contributes to the amount of evidence for increased levels of atmospheric oxygen between 2.22 and 2.06 Ga ago.  相似文献   

19.
东秦岭地区是我国重要的花岗伟晶岩区及稀有金属成矿区.电气石在东秦岭各类花岗伟晶岩中广泛发育,通常在无矿化伟晶岩、铍矿化及锂矿化伟晶岩中呈黑色-深蓝色.本文旨在通过各类伟晶岩中电气石的对比研究揭示电气石地球化学特征对东秦岭伟晶岩矿化类型的指示作用.本文所研究电气石为作为东秦岭各类伟晶岩贯通矿物的黑电气石系列.在双峰村、碾...  相似文献   

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