共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 94 毫秒
1.
液态下冰芯微粒含量随时间的变化-南极乔治王岛冰芯微粒研究(英) 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
KAANG Jian-Cheng WEN Jia-Hong WAAANG Da-Li LIU Lei-Bao YAN Ming Li Yuan-Sheng Han Jian-Kang 《冰川冻土》1998,(4)
Re-measurement of microparticle content of surface 10 m ice core from the top of King George Island Ice Cap shows that, except samples in 8. 5～ 10 m depth, the microparticle content generally decreases 45%～ 85% within first 48 hours at melted state, afterwards, the content change is small. Content at each grain size interval has a decrease, but the main decrease is in particles of <3μm. Though particle content varies with depth, the decreases are much larger in peak areas than in valleys. From the tests, it can be considered that, the reason of particle content decrease at melted state is that some sea salt grains in samples dissolved. The microparticle content of samples in 8. 5～ 10 m depth has not decrease, the reason is that melting and re freezing have occurred at the depth, because the ice temperature is near 0 °C, and there are series of ice layers, the thickest is 7 cm, at that depth. The chemical analyses for same samples at same conditions show that, except irregular changes in NH4,NO, there are small changes in other ions, probably the content changes in micro-grain <3 μm can not obviously cause the chemical content change in samples. 相似文献
2.
QI Lin QIAO Yansong LI Yuehui WANG Yan PENG Shash HE Zexin YANG Shuaibin HAN Chao ZHANG Xujiao 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(3):1095-1108
In the East Asian monsoon region,eolian deposits widely distributed in the middle-lower reaches of the Yantgze River are among the best materials available for studies on Quaternary climate change in the subtropical zone of Southern China.Typical eolian deposits in this region include upper Xiashu Loess(XL) and underlying Vermiculated Red Soil(VRS) layers.In this paper,chronological and paleoclimatic studies are conducted on an eolian deposit sequence near Jiujiang(JJ) city in northern Jiangxi province.A magnetostratigraphic study,combined with optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating,is conducted on the JJ section and provides further evidence that eolian deposits in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River have been formed since the late Early Pleistocene,and that the boundary age between the XL and VRS layers is about 300-400 kaBP.In grain-size records of the JJ section,the median grain-size and content of the 30 μm size fraction increase sharply after 300-400 kaBP,representing an East Asian winter monsoon intensification event.Further pollen analysis reveals differing pollen assemblages before and after 300-400 kaBP:there is an evident increase in plants adapted to grow in a warm humid environment after 300-400 kaBP,implying an increase in precipitation caused by intensification of the East Asian summer monsoon.Global ice volume and uplift of the Tibet Plateau(TP) are regarded as crucial factors influencing variations of the East Asian monsoon on a long-term scale.The deep-sea δ~(18)O record,which reflects variations in global ice volume,shows no obvious change after 300-400 kaBP.Moreover,the influence of global ice volume changes on the East Asian summer and winter monsoons is inverse;the global ice volume increase(decrease) implies a strengthened(weakened) winter monsoon and weakened(strengthened) summer monsoon.We therefore interpret the coupled intensifications of the East Asian summer and winter monsoons at about 300-400 kaBP to the uplift of the TP in the Middle Pleistocene.This climate event is also documented in eolian deposits from the southern margin of the Chinese Loess Plateau(CLP) and from the desert-loess transitional belt.However,it is not recorded in the loess-paleosol sequences from the central part of the CLP,thereby indicating differing climate responses to TP uplift in different regions,which requires further study. 相似文献
3.
LI Hanshi WANG Genhou YUAN Guoli FANG Bin LUO Tongwei YANG Yongqiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(4):1239-1251
The sedimentary sequences since 33 ka B.P. to 10 ka B.P. have been established in the Re＇nacuo-Lake, Gaize area of north Tibet, through a study of a lacustrine section. The climate since 33 ka B.P. to 10 ka B.P. may be divided into two cycle include 5 dry phases and 5 moist phases from reconstructing the paleoclimate through a study of sporopollen analysis. It mainly reflects the general regularity of global climatic change through contrasting with the pale environment in northern hemisphere. Our pollen record reveals a regional climate history similar to those from the neighboring sites, including the GISP2, the Guliya ice core and core RM in Zoige, and thus supports the notion that the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau acts as an important link between climatic events in the North Atlantic realm and the Asian monsoon domain. The response of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the global climatic change is relatively sensitive. 相似文献
4.
Aeolian Facies Belts in the Taklimakan Desert 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Li Baosheng Dong Guangrong Zhang Jiasheng Li Sen Jin Heling Chen Huizhong Wen Xiangle Wang Yao Lanzhou Desert Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lamhou Gansuand Zhu YizhiXi''an Open Laboratory of Loess Quaternary Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi''an Gansu Fei Zhenbi 《《地质学报》英文版》1995,69(3)
At least at the beginning of the last glacial epoch, the facies belts of dune sand, sandy loam and loess formed by winds had existed in the Taklimakan desert and areas south of it. There were no appreciable changes in the NE and NW wind systems and their wind fqrces that deposited dune sand, sandy loam and loess in the global cold stage since the last glacial epoch (accordingly no marked shifts of the boundaries of these aeolian facies belts took place. In the global warm stage since then, the climate in the Taklimakan desert and areas south of it became warm and dry, resulting in ablation of substantial volumes of ice and snow in their surrounding mountains and thus forming alluvial and diluvial deposits in the region. The alluvial-diluvial actions, however, failed to change the general framework of aeolian facies belts. 相似文献
5.
The cryosphere is one of the climate system component which plays an important role in the global biogeochemical mercury cycling. Anthropogenic mercury has been transported to remote cold and high regions worldwide through atmospheric circulation,and then transformed into methylmercury in the cryosphere. As one of the highly toxic environmental pollutants,methylmercury can be greatly bioaccumulated and biomagnified through the food web,which potentially poses threats to human and wildlife as well as the global cryospheric en⁃ vironments. In order to gain a full picture of research progress on methylmercury in the cryosphere,our study comprehensively summarized the concentration levels and analytical methods of methylmercury,and biogeo⁃ chemical processes such as the migration,transformation and fate of methylmercury in various cryospheric envi⁃ ronments including glacier,permafrost,snow ice and sea ice. We particularly made the literature review of mi⁃ crobial mercury methylation and evaluated the risk of methylmercury exposure to human and wildlife in the cryo⁃ sphere. Meanwhile,we focus on distribution,behavior,and environmental effects of methylmercury in the cryosphere against the backdrop of climate change,which is essential for assessing the exposure risk of methyl⁃ mercury to humans and wildlife. Perspectives of methylmercury researches in the cryosphere have also been highlighted in this review,though there is existing a knowledge gap of biogeochemical methylmercury cycling in the low temperature environments which merits further study. © 2023 The Author(s). 相似文献
6.
To study arsenic(As) content and distribution patterns as well as the genesis of different kinds of water, especially the different sources of drinking water in Guanzhong Basin, Shaanxi province, China, 139 water samples were collected at 62 sampling points from wells of different depths, from hot springs, and rivers. The As content of these samples was measured by the intermittent flowhydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry method(HG-AFS). The As concentrations in the drinking water in Guanzhong Basin vary greatly(0.00–68.08 μg/L), and the As concentration of groundwater in southern Guanzhong Basin is different from that in the northern Guanzhong Basin. Even within the same location in southern Guanzhong Basin, the As concentrations at different depths vary greatly. As concentration of groundwater from the shallow wells(50 m deep, 0.56–3.87 μg/L) is much lower than from deep wells(110–360 m deep, 19.34–62.91 μg/L), whereas As concentration in water of any depth in northern Guanzhong Basin is 10 μg/L. Southern Guanzhong Basin is a newly discovered high-As groundwater area in China. The high-As groundwater is mainly distributed in areas between the Qinling Mountains and Weihe River; it has only been found at depths ranging from 110 to 360 m in confined aquifers, which store water in the Lishi and Wucheng Loess(Lower and Middle Pleistocene) in the southern Guanzhong Basin. As concentration of hot spring water is 6.47–11.94 μg/L; that of geothermal water between 1000 and 1500 m deep is 43.68–68.08 μg/L. The high-As well water at depths from 110 to 360 m in southern Guanzhong Basin has a very low fluorine(F) value, which is generally 0.10 mg/L. Otherwise, the hot springs of Lintong and Tangyu and the geothermal water in southern Guanzhong Basin have very high F values(8.07–14.96 mg/L). The results indicate that highAs groundwater in depths from 110 to 360 m is unlikely to have a direct relationship with the geothermal water in the same area. As concentration of all reservoirs and rivers(both contaminated and uncontaminated) in the Guanzhong Basin is 10 μg/L. This shows that pollution in the surface water is not the source of the high-As in the southern Guanzhong Basin. The partition boundaries of the high- and low-As groundwater area corresponds to the partition boundaries of the tectonic units in the Guanzhong Basin. This probably indicates that the high-As groundwater areas can be correlated to their geological underpinning and structural framework. In southern Guanzhong Basin, the main sources of drinking water for villages and small towns today are wells between 110–360 m deep. All of their As contents exceed the limit of the Chinese National Standard and the International Standard(10 μg/L) and so local residents should use other sources of clean water that are 50 m deep, instead of deep groundwater(110 to 360 m) for their drinking water supply. 相似文献
7.
SONG Hongyu JI Youliang ZHOU Yong CHEN Xianliang ZHAO Chunni DONG Ruojing YANG Yong 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(Z1):77-78
<正>1 Introduction The western Sichuan depression is a foreland basin which formed since late Triassic.The middle part of it is the focus of our study,the west boundary is Longmen mountain and the east is Zhongjiang,the north is arrived in Mianyang,Anxian and the south is to Chengdu.The oil-gas layers are developed in the 4th Member of Xujiahe Formation in our study area.During the sedimentary 相似文献
8.
达索普冰川海拔7100m处粒雪中空气的封闭 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
The air-bubble formation has been studied experimentally in the Dasuopu ice core from the northern slope of Mount Xixabangma. It was found that air-channel volume decreases gradually, but the firn remains permeable down to the depth above the transition of firn to ice, i. e., about the depth of the air-channels closing off to be isolated bubbles. Apparently, there exists an age difference between air trapped in bubbles and surrounding ice. Only when the air channels close off completely, the age of the air increases in the same rate as the surrounding ice. Air-bubbles formed in different depths at different sites depending on accumulation rate and mean annual temperature, but approximately at a mean density of 0.79～0.83 Mg·m -3 . The air-channels in the Dasuopu firn core closed rapidly in the depth between 40 and 47 m, and 50% of air-bubbles were formed in the depth of 45 m. It is calculated that the age difference between air and its surrounding ice is 59 a, and the bulk age distribution width of air trapped in ice bubbles is 11 a. 相似文献
9.
SUN Bainian XIAO Liang XIE Sanping DENG Shenghui WANG Yongdong JIA Hui Susan?Turner 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(6):931-939
A better theoretical and practical understanding of the linkage between paleo-CO2 and climate during geological history is important to enhance the sustainable development of modern human society. Development in plant physiology since the 1980s has led to the realization that fossil plants can serve as a proxy for paleoatmosphere and paleobiosphere. As a relict gymnosperm with evolutionary stasis, Ginkgo is well suited for paleoenvironmental reconstruction. This paper analyzes fossil Ginkgo species from integrated strata in the north of China using anatomic data of plant physiology. Using stomatal parameters, a trend for the paleo-CO2 level during the Early-Middle Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous was obtained, which is consistent with the estimates by GEOCARB. The trend is also similar to that of Mean Global Surface Temperature in geological time. Compared with three other atmospheric CO2 concentration parameters, the trend of paleo-CO2 level based on the stomatal parameter of the fossil Ginkgo specimens from three contiguous strata is more exact. 相似文献
10.
Wim Z. Hoek 《《幕》》2008,31(2):226-229
The Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition is one of the most intensively studied periods in Earth History. The rapid climate and environmental changes that occurred during the transition can be used to test ideas about the functioning of our climate system. The stratigraphy of this period has been thoroughly investigated and, in particular, the recently proposed event stratigraphy for the Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition based on the Greenland ice core records serves as a tool for synchronisation of records from the ice, marine and terrestrial environment. 相似文献
11.
南极海冰和陆架冰的时空变化动态 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用美国冰中心和雪冰中心提供的海冰资料和我国南极考察现场的海冰观测资料, 对南极海冰的长期变化进行了研究.结果表明: 20世纪70年代后期是多冰期; 80年代是少冰期; 90年代南极海冰属于上升趋势, 后期偏多; 区域性变化差别大, 东南极海冰偏多, 西南极海冰即南极半岛两侧特别是威德尔海(Weddell Sea)区和别林斯高晋海(Bellingshausen Sea)的冰明显偏少.东南极和西南极海冰的变化趋势总是反相的.90年代后期普里兹湾的海冰明显偏多, 南极大陆陆架冰外缘线总体没有明显的收缩, 有崩解也有再生的自然变化现象.西南极威德尔海的龙尼冰架(Ronne Ice Shelf)和罗斯海冰架(Ross Ice Shelf)东部崩解和收缩趋势明显, 东南极的冰架也有崩解和收缩, 但没有西南极明显.陆架冰崩解向海洋输送的冰山对全球海平面升高有一定的影响.目前, 南极冰盖断裂崩解形成的冰山, 向海洋输入的水量可使全球海平面上升约14 mm.南极海冰没有随着全球气候温暖化而明显减少, 而是按照东南极和西南极反相的变化规律进行周期性的变化、调整和制约. 相似文献
12.
极地和山地冰川雪冰中重金属的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地球系统中含量甚微的重金属元素是评价人类活动对大气环境影响的良好指标,研究极地和山地冰川地区过去和现代雪冰中重金属的历史记录,可以重建这些元素在过去大气环境中的循环过程,对认识地球大气环境中重金属污染的规模和历史、揭示这些污染物质的来源及中长距离的输送过程具有重要的作用.概述了格陵兰、南极、阿尔卑斯山和青藏高原等地区雪冰中重金属的研究进展,并对该领域未来的研究方向进行了展望. 相似文献
13.
冰雷达探测研究南极冰盖的进展与展望 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
南极冰盖是地球上最大的陆缘冰体,其物质收支和稳定性对全球气候变化和海平面升高有重要的影响。冰雷达,或称无线电回波探测,是冰川学家调查南极冰盖冰下特征的主要方法。在过去的50年里,冰雷达被广泛用于测量冰盖厚度、内部构造和冰下地貌,这些参数是计算冰盖体积和物质平衡、重建过去冰雪积累和消融率以及冰盖动力和沉积过程的基础。现在,冰雷达测量覆盖了南极绝大部分区域,极大地提升了人们对南极冰盖和全球系统间相互作用的理解。首先,简要介绍了冰雷达及其技术发展,然后着重评述了冰雷达在探测研究南极冰盖厚度和冰下地形、内部反射层、冰下湖和冰下水系、冰床粗糙度以及冰晶组构上的进展。最后,对未来冰雷达探测研究南极冰盖的前景进行了展望,并给出我国的现状。
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14.
乌鲁木齐河青年渠是乌拉泊水库的主要水源途径,为了保证给乌鲁木齐市供水,必须在冬季利用青年渠引水,由于冬季青年渠引水,会受到冰雪淤积的威胁,有时甚至会封渠断流,并危及周边农牧民的正常生活和生产,冬季引水冰雪淤塞,原因是多方面的,对其原因进行分析,提出了解决途径,为冬季引水提供参考。 相似文献
15.
本描述了单轴压缩蠕变实验结果。试样包括ｃ轴取向为随机分布和非随机分布的冰、人造冰和取自南极洛多姆冰帽的冰芯冰，各向同性冰芯冰和人造的最小应变率存在差别，未获得合理的解释。方位组构与应力状态相容时，各赂异性冰的最小应变率高于各向同性冰的最小应变率，随着第三应谱阶段的发展，冰芯冰和人造冰的第三应变率趋近相同的恒定值，实验后冰芯冰和人造冰ｃ轴方位组构类型相同，晶粒尺寸也接近。 相似文献
16.
普若岗日冰原及其小冰期以来的冰川变化 总被引：39，自引：26，他引：13
普若岗日是藏北高原最大的由数个冰帽型冰川组合成的大冰原.冰川覆盖面积422.58km2,冰储量为52.5153km3.冰川雪线海拔5620～5860m.冰原呈辐射状向周围微切割的宽浅山谷溢出50多条长短不等的冰舌,最大的可伸至山麓地带,形成宽尾状冰舌.在一些下伸较低的冰舌段,形成有许多冰塔林,以雄伟壮观的连座冰塔林和雏形冰塔林为主.在东南部一些冰舌段雏形冰塔林的上部,分布着奇特的新月型雪冰丘和链状排列有序的雪冰丘.小冰期以来,普若岗日的冰川呈退缩趋势.环绕冰舌分布的冰碛序列,在北部和东南部普遍可区分出3道.对比研究认为,分别属于小冰期3次寒冷期冰进的遗迹.而西部小冰期冰川作用的范围较小.按小冰期最盛时的规模量测当时的冰川面积,和现在相比该时段内冰川面积减少了24.20km2,当时冰川面积比现在大57%.由此引起的冰川资源的减少为3.6583km3,相当于36.583×108m3的水量.在普若岗日西侧,小冰期后期至20世纪70年代,冰川退缩了20m;70年代至90年代末,冰川退缩了40～50m;平均1.5～1.9m·a-1;1999年9月至2000年10月,退缩4～5m.明显反映出逐渐加剧的变化趋势.和其它地区相比较,普若岗日冰原变化比较小,表现出比较稳定的状。 相似文献
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18.
David H. Roberts Antony J. Long Christoph Schnabel Bethan J. Davies Sheng Xu Matthew J.R. Simpson Philipe Huybrechts 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2009,28(25-26):2760-2773
The offshore and coastal geomorphology of southwest Greenland records evidence for the advance and decay of the Greenland Ice Sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum. Regional ice flow patterns in the vicinity of Sisimiut show an enlarged ice sheet that extended southwestwards on to the shelf, with an ice stream centred over Holsteinsborg dyb. High level periglacial terrain composed of blockfield and tors is dated to between 101 and 142 ka using 26Al and 10Be cosmogenic exposure ages. These limit the maximum surface elevation of the Last Glacial Maximum ice sheet in this part of southwest Greenland to ca 750–810 m asl, and demonstrate that terrain above this level has been ice free since MIS 6. Last Glacial Maximum ice thickness on the coast of ca 700 m implies that the ice sheet reached the mid to outer continental shelf edge to form the Outer Hellefisk moraines. Exposure dates record ice surface thinning from 21.0 to 9.8 ka, with downwasting rates varying from 0.06 to 0.12 m yr−1. This reflects strong surface ablation associated with increased air temperatures running up to the Bølling Interstadial (GIS1e) at ca 14 ka, and later marine calving under high sea levels. The relatively late retreat of the Itilleq ice stream inland of the present coastline is similar to the pattern observed at Jakobshavn Isbræ, located 250 km north in Disko Bugt, which also retreated from the continental shelf after ca 10 ka. We hypothesise that the ice streams of West Greenland persisted on the inner shelf until the early Holocene because of their considerable ice thickness and greater ice discharge compared with the adjacent ice sheet. 相似文献
19.
雪冰中汞的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
汞是具有特殊物理化学性质的重金属元素,其较强的挥发性使之能够参与全球尺度传输,汞的高毒性又能对人类和高等生物体产生极大危害,因而汞是一种全球性污染物,在近几十年来备受科学界的关注.汞的全球生物地球化学循环演化规律是目前环境科学领域的研究热点.冰冻圈是地球系统的关键组成部分之一,是各圈层相互作用的重要环节;而雪冰是冰冻圈的主体,是环境和气候记录的良好载体之一.对南极、北极和中低纬高海拔冰川现代雪冰和冰芯中汞的季节变化、空间差异以及历史变化的研究成果进行了综述,总结了北极和亚北极地区汞的雪/气界面过程研究,归纳了汞的实验室检测手段和方法.针对该领域目前研究上的空白和热点,分别对利用冰芯高分辨率和长时间序列记录重建工业革命以来汞的变化历史(特别在青藏高原)、中低纬冰川区汞的雪/气界面过程、雪冰中汞的同位素分析等进行了展望. 相似文献