共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
A. B. Salahudeen A. O. Eberemu K. J. Osinubi 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2014,32(4):923-931
An expansive soil (black cotton soil) treated with up to 10 % cement kiln dust (CKD), a waste obtained from the manufacture of cement, was evaluated for use as a flexible pavement construction material. Laboratory tests were carried out on specimens compacted with British Standard light, British Standard light or standard Proctor (relative compaction = 100 %) energy. Results obtained show that the index properties of the soil improved with CKD treatment. Peak unconfined compressive strength of 357.07 kN/m2 and California bearing ratio (CBR) of 7 % as well as resistance to loss in strength of 44 % were recorded at 10 % CKD treatment. Reduction in the particle sizes with curing period was observed when samples were viewed through the scanning electron microscope. The study showed that CKD can be beneficially used to improve the subgrade of lightly trafficked roads and as admixture in lime stabilization during construction of flexible pavements over expansive soil. 相似文献
2.
In this paper, marble waste is evaluated as a secondary material to be utilized as potential stabilizer to improve the volume change and strength characteristics of sand-amended expansive soil, proposed as a possible landfill, pavement or sub-base material in a semi-arid climate. An experimental program was conducted on sand-expansive soil enhanced with marble waste, abundantly found as a by-product of construction industry, obtained from two different sources with different gradations, denoted as marble powder (MP) and marble dust (MD). One-dimensional swell, volumetric shrinkage, consolidation, unconfined compressive and flexural strength tests were conducted on expansive soil–sand mixtures with 5, 10 and 20% waste marble inclusions over curing periods of 7, 28 and 90 days. Test results showed that 10% marble powder and 5% marble dust by dry mass were the optimum amounts for mitigating the swell–shrink potential and compression index as well as yielding the highest unconfined compressive and flexural strength values. Moreover, the rate of reduction in swell potential versus the flexural strength over the curing periods studied is highest in 10% MP- and 5% MD-included specimens, the latter being more insensitive to this change. The soil mixtures displayed brittle behavior after marble addition, hence its utilization as a secondary additive to sand-amended expansive soil is recommended for soils exposed to lower flexural loads such as light traffic. 相似文献
3.
P. V. Sivapullaiah H. Lakshmi Kantha K. Madhu Kiran 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2003,21(4):399-413
Locally available soils amended with sufficient bentonite are generally used for construction of liners for water and waste retention facilities. The amount of bentonite required to keep the hydraulic conductivity low varies with the nature of the local soil. Many studies have shown that bentonite content higher than 20% by weight is not usually required. This is also the case with Indian red earth containing predominantly quartz and kaolinite minerals. Incorporating bentonite, though keeps the hydraulic conductivity of soil low, increases the swelling and shrinkage potential; increases the loss of strength due to reduction in cohesion. This paper aims to improve the geotechnical properties of red earth and bentonite mixture with lime or cement. The studies reveal that the geotechnical properties of red earth with 20% by weight bentonite stabilised with 1% by weight of lime or cement are greatly enhanced, particularly after curing for 28 days. it has been shown that the early gain in strength is better with cement whereas its long-term strength gain is better with lime. 相似文献
4.
矿渣胶凝材料固化软土的力学性状及机制 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用矿渣胶凝材料固化软土,既可利用工业废渣,又能减少水泥的用量。以矿渣胶凝材料固化黏土、砂土二种软土。发现矿渣胶凝材料加固软土的效果远好于水泥、石灰,其9 %掺量的固化土28 d的无侧限强度达到2.0 MPa以上,普遍高于15 %掺量的水泥固化土,且其28 d固化土的软化系数普遍高于90 %以上,固化黏土后CBR值远高于同掺量的石灰固化土。X衍射结构分析表明,矿渣胶凝材料水化时产生的高强难溶的矿物晶体是其固化软土效果好的主要原因。因此,矿渣胶凝材料是一种性能优异的软土加固材料。 相似文献
5.
基于膨胀土可以直接用作路堤填料的分类指标体系,在室内开展了3种不同膨胀土的物理性质、击实性状、强度特性试验研究,验证广西百隆高速公路膨胀土路段的膨胀土也可以直接用作路堤填料,并结合现场实体工程的效果验证用改进CBR值、改进CBR膨胀量和稠度3指标作为膨胀土路堤填料的分类指标体系的合理性。通过对标准CBR试验和改进CBR试验的对比,进一步验证了用改进CBR试验法评定膨胀土承载强度的合理性。由百色膨胀土的不浸水CBR试验,说明可以用封闭包盖对百隆路膨胀土路堤进行物理处治。实体工程中采用土性最差的1号膨胀土做填芯和用红黏土包边,得到的工程效果令人满意。由室内外试验结果,可以得出这3种百色膨胀土都可以直接用作路堤填料。 相似文献
6.
Ziba J. Homauoni Seyed Shahaboddin Yasrobi 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2011,29(4):571-579
Dune sands were stabilized using poly(methyl methacrylate) and polyvinyl acetate and examined using physical and mechanical
tests. The California Bearing Ratio test was used to measure the engineering properties of the stabilized materials under
dry and the wet environmental conditions, revealing the bearing ratio of the improved dune sands. Our results indicate that
both polymers have good potential for increasing the strength of dune sands in the dry state and that there is little decrease
in the CBR strength in the saturated state in comparison with the dry state, indicating the stiffness and stability of the
compounds against moisture. This is an important point to consider for longevity of roads and road repair and maintenance,
because good strength of stabilized sand in saturated sand can prevent early destruction of the road caused by demolition
or erosion of the road bed during saturation. The results also demonstrate that the optimum added quantity of polymer for
maximum effect was 3% by weight and that the curing time for maximum effect was 28 days. The amount of polymer added was very
more important factor for improved dune sand California Bearing Ratio strength in comparison with curing time of the stabilized
specimens. 相似文献
7.
绢云母片岩粗粒料改性试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
绢云母片岩属极软岩,强度低,直接作为路基填料难以压实,易造成路基沉陷、路面开裂等不良工程现象。通过对绢云母片岩及其4种改性方案进行表面振动压实试验、室内重型击实试验、室内CBR试验以及回弹模量试验研究,探讨绢云母片岩经改性后用作高速公路路基填料的适用性。试验表明,绢云母片岩最大干密度采用室内重型击实与表面振动压实试验结果相差较大,采用表面振动压实时为1.92 g/cm3,采用室内重型击实时为2.01 g/cm3。主要原因是由于绢云母片岩颗粒破碎的结果。绢云母片岩及其4种改性粗粒土的在最优含水率附近的较宽范围内的变动对压实效果的影响不大,有利于填料的压实。绢云母片岩的回弹模量E较低,小于32 MPa,经改性后的土料的回弹模量均有显著提高,均达到50 MPa以上。添加20%红砂岩和20%黏性土的试料CBR值均只有3.7,添加3%水泥和5%水泥的试料CBR值上升明显。绢云母片岩经添加3%、5%的水泥化学改性后可用于高速公路上路堤及路床填筑。 相似文献
8.
Summary In many parts of the world, particularly in humid tropical regions, residual soils are abundant. In this paper the suitability of a residual lateritic soil as a construction material is investigated, with respect to its strength and compaction characteristics. In comparison with other typical construction fills available in Southeast Asia, compacted lateritic soils produce excellent shear strengths and CBR values. However, the brittleness and tensile cracking of this compacted material become enhanced on the dry side of the optimum moisture content, or if excessive compaction is imparted. Nevertheless, at a moisture content of 2% wetter than the optimum, the tensile mode of failure is suppressed and the lateritic fills become ideally suited for the construction of high embankments and impervious dam cores. 相似文献
9.
In India, rural roads are constantly being constructed. To ensure proper design of rural roads, it is desirable to have an appropriate selection of design parameters. The California bearing ratio (CBR) method of pavement design is the most commonly used method employed for the foundation design of rural roads. In the CBR method, the CBR value of the subgrade soil is critical in deciding the overall thickness of the pavement. Additionally, for good drainage, a typical specification for the pavement foundation design requires the value of permeability coefficient of the subgrade material to be specified. Thus, permeability and CBR constitute two important parameters in the design and assessment of long-term performance of the pavement. In this study, laboratory investigation has been carried out on a number of soil samples procured from a roadwork project site. Preliminary tests, such as index tests and particle size distribution tests, useful for soil classification, were followed by light compaction, CBR and variable head permeability tests. Further, observations from the laboratory investigation are statistically analysed to study correlations among various parameters. Because the predominant soil type found in the study area is alluvial, this study also highlights the suitability of alluvial soils as pavement subgrade material. 相似文献
10.
A. Sridharan T. G. Soosan Babu T. Jose B. M. Abraham 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2006,24(5):1163-1179
Due to the high demand for rubble and aggregates for construction purposes, rubble quarries and aggregate crushers are very
common. Out of the different quarry wastes, quarry dust is one, which is produced in abundance. About 20–25% of the total
production in each crusher unit is left out as the waste material-quarry dust. Bulk utilization of this waste material is
possible through geotechnical applications like embankments, back-fill material, sub-base material and the like. It becomes
a useful additive to the natural soil to improve its strength characteristics. For the above applications one of the important
engineering properties is the shear strength. The purpose of the present investigation is to understand the shear strength
behavior of quarry dust and soil-quarry dust mixes. 相似文献
11.
The Portland cement manufacturing process produces considerable amount of cement kiln dust (CKD). While many facilities are
able to reuse a significant portion of CKD in their production lines, a large percentage is removed as industrial waste and
placed in landfills. Because of the large amount of material potentially available for use, and in an effort to cut disposal
costs, alternative and beneficial uses for CKD need to be investigated. This study presents experimental results of the use
of CKD in modification and stabilization of soils from the Aberdeen and Everett areas in the state of Washington. These soils
are typically wet of the optimum water content and pose problems during geotechnical construction. CKD was added in percentages
of 5, 10, 15, and 20% by dry weight of the soils. Laboratory tests, including drying rate of the soils, Atterberg limits,
standard proctor and unconfined compressive strength were conducted. Results of the investigation showed significant improvement
in drying rate and unconfined compressive strength of the CKD treated specimens as the percentage of CKD increased. It was
also found that lower percentages of CKD can be used for modification purposes, whereas higher percentages of CKD can be used
for both modification and stabilization purposes in geotechnical construction. 相似文献
12.
Strength behavior and microstructural characteristics of tropical laterite soil treated with sodium silicate-based liquid stabilizer 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
Although the effects of nontraditional stabilizers on the geotechnical properties of tropical soils has been the issue of investigation in recent years, the micro-structural characteristics of nontraditional soil additives and in particular selected additive (TX-85) have not been fully studied. Nontraditional soil stabilization additives are widely used for stabilizing marginal materials. These additives are low-cost alternatives to traditional construction materials and have different compositions. They also differ from one another while interacting with soil. In line with that, it was the objective of this research to investigate the strength properties and physicochemical mechanisms related to tropical laterite soil mixed with the liquid stabilizer TX-85. Macro-structure study, i.e., compaction, and unconfined compression strength test were used to assess the engineering and shear properties of the stabilized laterite soil. In addition, the possible mechanisms that contributed to the stabilization process were discussed using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques such as X-ray diffractometry (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. From engineering point of view, the results indicated that the strength of TX-85 stabilized laterite soil improved significantly. The degree of improvement was approximately four times stronger than natural soil after a 7-day curing period. The XRD showed no crystalline products (gel form). Moreover, weathering effects were obvious in TX-85 treated samples in most of clay minerals’ peak intensities. These effects were reduced especially for kaolinite mineral inside the soil with curing time. 相似文献
13.
In this study the effect of cyclic loads on monotonic shear strength has been studied on torsional apparatus. Tests have been conducted on both reconstituted and undisturbed fine-grained hollow soil specimens. The plasticity index of soils is in the range from 2 to 33 for reconstituted specimens, prepared by dry pluviation, and from 5 to 13 for undisturbed soil specimens. The existence of a critical shear strain level, called yield shear strain, where softening starts, is determined from cyclic tests. The level of cyclic yield strain is ± 0.75% for the reconstituted soil specimens and ± 0.5% for the undisturbed soils. If soil undergoes a cyclic shear strain level below the cyclic yield strain, reduction of monotonic strength of reconstituted and undisturbed specimens is limited, but when cyclic shear strain level is larger than yield strain monotonic strength decreases down to 40% of its initial strength. 相似文献
14.
石灰稳定红黏土强度的长期碳化效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
碳化效应是石灰稳定土强度增长机理之一,但长期的碳化作用是否对其强度一直起促进作用？如果没有压实作用,碳化效果到底如何？这些关键问题还没有得到充分的论证。采用灰土拌和后击实养护和养护后再击实的不同制样方法,通过承载比CBR试验,探讨压实作用对碳化效应的影响。制备4种初始含水率的击实试样,开展碳酸溶液和纯水浸泡下的CBR试验,论证长期碳化对石灰稳定土强度的作用效果。结果表明,自然养护90 d后再击实试样的CBR值明显低于击实后养护的试样;初始含水率为34%时前者约为后者的12倍。另外,碳酸溶液浸泡15 d后的试样CBR值均小于纯水浸泡的试样CBR值,但初始含水率越大其影响程度越小,当初始含水率大于34%后两者之间的强度基本没有差别。为进一步佐证长期碳化作用能弱化石灰稳定土的强度,开展不同浸泡时间的无侧限抗压强度试验,发现石灰土的强度呈现先增大后减少的变化趋势,再次证实长期的碳化作用弱化石灰稳定土的强度。最后,利用热重分析法测试经过碳酸溶液浸泡前后的石灰稳定土,发现长期碳化溶解了部分石灰土中的碳酸钙和硅酸盐类胶结物。借助扫描电镜图片和孔隙尺寸分布曲线,从微观角度揭示不同击实和养护方式对石灰稳定土强度的影响机制。 相似文献
15.
细粒土路基填料承载比试验技术要求及影响因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了美国、英国、日本和我国交通行业标准对承载比(CBR)试验要求的异同,强调了承载比试验的操作技术及注意事项,并对试验中的一些问题进行了有益的探讨。为了研究影响黏性土CBR值的主要因素,结合在建高速公路15组填料进行了物理、力学试验。分别从土体的颗粒组成、矿物成分以及黏土矿物成分等几方面研究了黏性土填料CBR值的影响。结果显示,在标准的试验方法和相同的试验条件下,当土体的塑性指数相同时,影响CBR值的因素主要是土体中矿物类型及其含量的多少,其次为黏粒组颗粒曲线分布情况及黏粉比m。 相似文献
16.
Stabilization of lateritic soils with phosphoric acid 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary This paper describes a laboratory study on the stabilization of lateritic soils with phosphoric acid-H3PO4. This method is most promising for road and airport pavement construction in tropical regions where fine textured lateritic soils (red clays and silts) occur over large areas. The iron and aluminum phosphates formed are hard and insoluble. The main source of iron is free iron oxide, and the aluminum sources are free aluminum oxide, exchangeable cations and clay minerals (hydrated aluminum silicates). Four different soil samples were studied, but the most comprehensive study was carried out with a lateritic soil evolved from weathered basaltic bedrock. The variables of the test specimens were: percentage of acid, moulding water content, compaction energy, and curing time. Strength tests performed were the axial or unconfined compression test and the indirect tensile or diametrical compression test. With 5% of phosphoric acid to dry weight of soil, values of compressive strength around 4.0 MPa were obtained after 28 days curing. 相似文献
17.
Lateritic soils which have been described as highly weathered tropical or subtropical residual soils were studied with an attempt to establish its suitability or otherwise as sustainable material in building bricks and housing development that will meet the present challenge of sustaining the environment without costing too much and maintaining a high standard of strength, durability and aesthetics. Index properties of the tested lateritic soils revealed them as mostly well graded, comprising both cohesive (silt and clay) and cohesionless (sand and gravel) soil fraction. The geotechnical analyses on the studied lateritic soil revealed a strong compressive strength with a relatively sound dry density which could guarantee a good durability in resulting bricks made from these soil materials. Further test on the strength and durability of the compressed earth bricks (CEBs) made from these lateritic soils revealed a brick with compressive strength ranging between 6.33 and 15.57 MPa which is considered to be of good strength coupled with its sound durability strength established over a period of more than one year under a complete cycle of weather and seasonal conditions. In conclusion, lateritic soils from the study area were found to be suitable as materials for bricks (CEB) with good compressive and durability strength which qualifies them as sustainable and cost-effective materials for low-cost housing development. 相似文献
18.
Material engineers are continually confronted by depletion of quality construction materials for road and airfield construction.
Even if good quality construction materials for road and airfield are available, the haul costs may preclude their use. Stabilization
of soils in order to improve strength and durability properties often relies on cement, lime, fly ash, and asphalt emulsion.
These materials are inexpensive, relatively easy to apply, and provide benefits to many different soil types. In addition,
there are a variety of nontraditional soil stabilization/modification additives available from the commercial sector such
as polymer emulsions, acids, lignin derivatives, enzymes, tree resin emulsions, and silicates. These additives may be in liquid
or solid state and are often touted to be applicable for most soils. Polymers may be easy to apply in permeable materials
such as sand and may achieve good stabilization in relatively shorter periods of time. These polymer materials can be used
for stabilizing, soil in road shoulders, slopes, and pads of military and emergency airports. In addition, these types of
materials can be used to prevent the movement of the dune sands on the sides of railroads and stabilizing the dust on the
surface of access roads. Within the present research, two different polymers of wide range of dosages have been applied. Following
results have been achieved: (1) These polymers improve the compressive strength from 0.03 N/mm2 for control sample to 5.2 N/mm2
for improved sample. (2) The optimum curing time of dune sands with different polymers is 7 days. (3) The UC strength of stabilized
samples soars with an increase in the temperature, in the first 24 h of the curing process. (4) When the concentration of
salt increased from 1 to 10 percent, UC strength of stabilized samples decreased. 相似文献
19.
The present research work deals with an expansive high plastic clayey soil with cement kiln dust (CKD) and stabilizer (RBI Grade 81). The physical and engineering properties of soil are plasticity, compaction, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), consolidation and California bearing ratio (CBR) of the clayey soil and clay treated with CKD and stabilizer were determined. Soil chemistry was examined before and after treatment using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and elemental dispersive spectrometer. The clay mixed with CKD, CKD and RBI Grade 81 was found that optimum contents are 10 % (CKD), 15 % CKD with 4 % RBI Grade 81, respectively. The result indicates that CKD alone will decrease maximum dry density and increase optimum moisture content. CKD with RBI Grade 81 slightly increases maximum dry density and decreases optimum moisture content. UCS increased with CKD alone and CKD with RBI Grade 81 from 88.3 to 976 kN/m2, respectively. CBR values were increased by the addition of CKD, CKD with RBI Grade 81 from 1.65 to 21.7 %. With the curing time of 3, 14 and 28 days, UCS and CBR values were increased due to pozzolanic reaction from cementations material. The treated soil has considerable reduction in compression index. SEM images clearly indicate the formation of CSH and CAH gel. 相似文献
20.
为探寻适用于黄土地区海绵城市建设的具有较高强度和防渗性能的路基换填材料，通过对掺入水泥、聚丙烯纤维、膨润土的黄土进行强度和渗透性试验，并基于正交试验和田口方法的信噪比分析，获得了改良黄土各掺量的最优配比方案。结果表明:水泥掺量对改良黄土的无侧限抗压强度影响最显著，聚丙烯纤维掺量和长度对其渗透系数影响最大；改良黄土各掺量的最优配比为聚丙烯纤维长度取12 mm、聚丙烯纤维掺量取0.3%、膨润土和水泥掺量分别取3%和8%；在3、7、14 d养护龄期下，最优配比改良黄土的强度和渗透性能均优于不同配比的石灰改良黄土。改良的黄土各掺量最优配比可为黄土地区海绵城市道路建设中的路基处理提供参考。 相似文献