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1.
Young zircons from crystal-poor volcanic rocks provide the best samples for the investigations of pre-eruption magmatic processes and for testing a possible relationship between zircon Eu anomalies and crustal thickness. We report trace element chemistry and Hf-O isotope compositions of young zircons from 3 Holocene volcanoes in the Tengchong volcanic field, SE Tibet, in order to provide insights into magma evolution processes and conditions for high-K calc-alkaline volcanic rocks in a post-collisional setting. As decreasing zircon Ti content and falling temperature, zircon Hf content and Yb/Sm increase whereas zircon Eu anomaly and Th/U decrease, indicating fractional crystallization of plagioclase and zircon during magma cooling. More importantly, zircon Hf isotope ratio (εHf values) increases with decreasing zircon Ti content and falling temperature (T), suggesting gradually increasing incorporation of relatively high εHf juvenile materials in the crystallizing zircons during magma evolution. Negative correlations between zircon εHf and zircon δ18O also support open-system magma evolution. Our data suggest fractional crystallization of a magma with simultaneous contamination by high εHf and low δ 18O juvenile (immature) crustal materials during monotonic cooling after zircon saturation. The low-T, high-εHf and low- δ 18O zircons may indicate the involvement of the early Cretaceous juvenile granitic country rocks during shallow magma evolution. Average Eu anomalies in zircons from young Tengchong lavas yield crustal thickness of 40.7 ± 6.8 km, consistent with present crustal thickness (42.5 km) determined by geophysical methods.  相似文献   

2.
Sphene is prominent in Miocene plutonic rocks ranging from diorite to granite in southern Nevada, USA, but it is restricted to rhyolites in coeval volcanic sequences. In the Highland Range volcanic sequence, sphene appears as a phenocryst only in the most evolved rocks (72?C77 mass% SiO2; matrix glass 77?C78 mass% SiO2). Zr-in-sphene temperatures of crystallization are mostly restricted to 715 and 755°C, in contrast to zircon (710?C920°C, Ti-in-zircon thermometry). Sphene rim/glass Kds for rare earth elements are extremely high (La 120, Sm 1200, Gd 1300, Lu 240). Rare earth elements, especially the middle REE (MREE), decrease from centers to rims of sphene phenocrysts along with Zr, demonstrating the effect of progressive sphene fractionation. Whole rocks and glasses have MREE-depleted, U-shaped REE patterns as a consequence of sphene fractionation. Within the co-genetic, sphene-rich Searchlight pluton, only evolved leucogranites show comparable MREE depletion. These results indicate that sphene saturation in intruded and extruded magmas occurred only in highly evolved melts: abundant sphene in less silicic plutonic rocks represents a late-stage ??bloom?? in fractionated interstitial melt.  相似文献   

3.
Gebel Filat granites form one of Egyptian younger granite intrusions in Wadi Allaqi region, South Eastern Desert of Egypt. They are perthitic monzogranites composed mainly of K-feldspars, plagioclase, and quartz with minor biotite. Plagioclase feldspars are Na-rich and have low anorthite content (An2–3). Potash feldspars are mainly perthitic microcline and have chemical formula as (Or96–96.6 Ab3.4–4 An0). Biotite is Mg-rich and seems to be derived from calc-alkaline magma. Chlorite is pycnochlorite with high Mg content, revealing its secondary derivation from biotite. The estimated formation temperatures of biotite and chlorite are (689–711°C) and (602–622°C), respectively. Gebel Filat monzogranites are metaluminous, high-K calc-alkaline, I-type granites. They are late orogenic granites related to subduction-related volcanic arc magmatism. They are enriched in LILE and depleted in HSFE indicating highly differentiation character. The REE patterns display an enrichment in LREE due to presence of zircon and allanite as accessories and depletion in HREE with slight negative Eu anomaly $ \left( {{\text{Eu}}/{\text{Eu}} * = 0.51 - 0.97} \right) $ . The parent magma of Gebel Filat monzogranites were emplaced at moderate depths (20–30 km) under moderate conditions of water-vapor pressure (1–5 kbar) and crystallization temperature [700–750°C]. The source magma of these granites seems to be derived from partial melting of lower crust material rather than upper mantle. The geochemical characteristics of pegmatites revealed that they are related to post orogenic within plate magmatism and not genetically related to the parent magma of Gebel Filat monzogranites. Distribution of radioactive elements (U and Th) in the studied rocks indicates normal U–Th contents for Filat monzogranites and U–Th bearing pegmatites. The positive correlations of each of Zr and Y versus U and Th are attributed to presence of zircon and allanite as accessories which incorporate U and Th in their crystal lattice.  相似文献   

4.
We characterize the textural and geochemical features of ocean crustal zircon recovered from plagiogranite, evolved gabbro, and metamorphosed ultramafic host-rocks collected along present-day slow and ultraslow spreading mid-ocean ridges (MORs). The geochemistry of 267 zircon grains was measured by sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry at the USGS-Stanford Ion Microprobe facility. Three types of zircon are recognized based on texture and geochemistry. Most ocean crustal zircons resemble young magmatic zircon from other crustal settings, occurring as pristine, colorless euhedral (Type 1) or subhedral to anhedral (Type 2) grains. In these grains, Hf and most trace elements vary systematically with Ti, typically becoming enriched with falling Ti-in-zircon temperature. Ti-in-zircon temperatures range from 1,040 to 660°C (corrected for a TiO2 ≈ 0.7, a SiO2 ≈ 1.0, pressure ≈ 2 kbar); intra-sample variation is typically ~60–150°C. Decreasing Ti correlates with enrichment in Hf to ~2 wt%, while additional Hf-enrichment occurs at relatively constant temperature. Trends between Ti and U, Y, REE, and Eu/Eu* exhibit a similar inflection, which may denote the onset of eutectic crystallization; the inflection is well-defined by zircons from plagiogranite and implies solidus temperatures of ~680–740°C. A third type of zircon is defined as being porous and colored with chaotic CL zoning, and occurs in ~25% of rock samples studied. These features, along with high measured La, Cl, S, Ca, and Fe, and low (Sm/La)N ratios are suggestive of interaction with aqueous fluids. Non-porous, luminescent CL overgrowth rims on porous grains record uniform temperatures averaging 615 ± 26°C (2SD, n = 7), implying zircon formation below the wet-granite solidus and under water-saturated conditions. Zircon geochemistry reflects, in part, source region; elevated HREE coupled with low U concentrations allow effective discrimination of ~80% of zircon formed at modern MORs from zircon in continental crust. The geochemistry and textural observations reported here serve as an important database for comparison with detrital, xenocrystic, and metamorphosed mafic rock-hosted zircon populations to evaluate provenance.  相似文献   

5.
The Haji Abad intrusion is a well-exposed Middle Eocene I-type granodioritc pluton in the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic assemblage (UDMA). The major constituents of the investigated rocks are K-feldspar, quartz, plagioclase, pyroxene, and minor Fe–Ti oxide and hornblende. The plagioclase compositions fall in the labradorite, andesine, and oligoclase fields. The amphiboles range in composition from magnesio-hornblende to tremolite–hornblende of the calcic-amphibole group. Most pyroxenes principally plot in the field of diopside. The calculated average pressure of emplacement is 1.9 kbar for the granodioritic rocks, crystallizing at depths of about 6.7 km. The highest pressure estimated from clinopyroxene geobarometry (5 kbar) reflects initial pyroxene crystallization pressure, indicating initial crystallization depth (17.5 km) in the Haji Abad granodiorite. The estimated temperatures using two-feldspar thermometry give an average 724 °C. The calculated average temperature for clinopyroxene crystallization is 1090 °C. The pyroxene temperatures are higher than the estimated temperature by feldspar thermometry, indicating that the pyroxene and feldspar temperatures represent the first and late stages of magmatic crystallization of Haji Abad granodiorite, respectively. Most pyroxenes plot above the line of Fe3+?=?0, indicating they crystallized under relatively high oxygen fugacity or oxidized conditions. Furthermore, the results show that the Middle Eocene granitoids crystallized from magmas with H2O content about 3.2 wt%. The relatively high water content is consistent with the generation environment of HAG rocks in an active continental margin and has allowed the magma to reach shallower crustal levels. The MMEs with ellipsoidal and spherical shapes show igneous microgranular textures and chilled margins, probably indicating the presence of magma mixing. Besides, core to rim compositional oscillations (An and FeO) for the plagioclase crystals serve as robust evidence to support magma mixing. The studied amphiboles and pyroxenes are grouped in the subalkaline fields that are consistent with crystallization from I-type calc-alkaine magma in the subduction environment related to active continental margin. Mineral chemistry data indicate that Haji Abad granodiorites were generated in an orogenic belt related to the volcanic arc setting consistent with the subduction of Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust beneath the central Iranian microcontinent.  相似文献   

6.
Zircons from anatectic melts of the country rocks of three Proterozoic mafic–ultramafic intrusions from the Sveconorwegian Province in SW Sweden were microanalyzed for U–Th–Pb and rare earth elements. Melting and interaction of the wall rocks with the intrusions gave rise to new magmas that crystallized zircon as new grains and overgrowths on xenocrysts. The ages of the intrusions can be determined by dating this newly crystallized zircon. The method is applied to three intrusions that present different degrees of complexity, related to age differences between intrusion and country rocks, and the effects of post-intrusive metamorphism. By careful study of cathodoluminescent images and selection of ion probe spots in zircon grains, we show that this approach is a powerful tool for obtaining accurate and precise ages. In the contact melts around the 916?±?11?Ma Hakefjorden Complex, Pb-loss occurred in some U-rich parts of xenocrystic zircon due to the heat from the intrusion. In back-veins of the 1624?±?6?Ma Olstorp intrusion we succeeded in geochemically distinguishing new magmatic from xenocrystic zircon despite small age differences. At Borås the mafic intrusion mixed with country rock granite to form a tonalite in which new zircon grew at 1674?±?8?Ma. Reworking of zircon occurred during 930+33/–34?Ma upper amphibolite facies Sveconorwegian metamorphism. Pb-loss was the result of re-equilibration with metamorphic fluids. REE-profiles show consistent differences between xenocrystic, magmatic, and metamorphic zircon in all cases. They typically differ in Lu/LaN, Ce/Ce*, and Eu/Eu*, and igneous zircon with marked positive Ce/Ce* and negative Eu/Eu* lost its anomalies during metamorphism.  相似文献   

7.
The geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotope properties, as well as the Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma and Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb zircon age, of E?rikar Monzogranite in the eastern Pontides, are primarily investigated in this study with the aim of determining its magma source and geodynamic evolution. The U–Pb zircon age obtained from E?rikar Monzogranite is 78 ± 1.5 Ma, thereby re?ecting the age of monzogranite. The I-type E?rikar Monzogranite comprises quartz, plagioclase (An35–45), orthoclase, muscovite, and biotite. The geochemical analyses of the E?rikar Monzogranite indicate being medium K calc-alkaline, peraluminous, and resembling magmatic arc granite. The E?rikar Monzogranite is enriched in large ion lithophile elements and light rare earth elements relative to high field strength elements. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns have concave upward shapes (LaN/YbN 2.47–8.58) with pronounced negative Eu anomalies (EuN/Eu* = 0.29–0.65). Initial εNd(i) values vary between 1.85 and 2.18 and initial 87Sr/86Sr values between 0.7048 and 0.7067. Fractionation of plagioclase, hornblende, and apatite played an important role in the evolution of E?rikar Monzogranite. The crystallization temperatures of the melts ranged from 770°C to 919°C based on zircon and apatite saturation temperatures. The geochemical and isotopic data suggest being generated by the partial melting of ma?c lower crustal sources.  相似文献   

8.
The Late Mesozoic geology of Southeast China is characterized by extensive Jurassic to Cretaceous magmatism consisting predominantly of granites and rhyolites and subordinate mafic rocks, forming a belt of volcanic-intrusive complexes. The Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex is located in the NW region of the belt and mainly contains the following lithologies: rhyodacite and rhyodacitic porphyry, porphyritic lava, granite porphyry with mafic microgranular enclaves, quartz monzonitic porphyry, and lamprophyre dyke. Major and trace-element compositions, zircon U?CPb dating, and Sr?CNd?CHf isotopic compositions have been investigated for these rocks. The precise SHRIMP and LA?CICP?CMS zircon U?CPb dating shows that the emplacement of various magmatic units at Xiangshan took place within a short time period of less than 2?Myrs. The stratigraphically oldest rhyodacite yielded a zircon U?CPb age of 135?±?1?Ma and the overlying rhyodacitic porphyry has an age of 135?±?1?Ma. Three porphyritic lava samples yielded zircon U?CPb ages of 136?±?1?Ma, 132?±?1?Ma, and 135?±?1?Ma, respectively. Two subvolcanic rocks (granite porphyry) yielded zircon U?CPb ages of 137?±?1?Ma and 137?±?1?Ma. A quartz monzonitic porphyry dyke, which represented the final stage of magmatism at Xiangshan, also yielded a zircon U?CPb age of 136?±?1?Ma. All these newly obtained precise U?CPb ages demonstrate that the entire magmatic activity at Xiangshan was rapid and possibly took place at the peak of extensional tectonics in SE China. The geochemical data indicate that all these samples from the volcanic-intrusive complex have an A-type affinity. Sr?CNd?CHf isotopic data suggest that the Xiangshan volcanic-intrusive complex derived mainly from remelting of Paleo-Mesoproterozoic crust without significant additions of mantle-derived magma. However, the quartz monzonitic porphyry, which has zircon Hf model ages older than the whole-rock Nd model ages, and which has ??Nd(T) value higher than the other rocks, may indicate involvement of a subordinate younger mantle-derived magma in its origin. Geochemical data indicate that the various rocks show variable REE patterns and negative anomalies of Ba, Nb, Sr, P, Eu and Ti in the trace element spidergrams, suggesting that these rocks may have undergone advanced fractional crystallization with separation of plagioclase, K-feldspar and accessory minerals such as allanite. We suggest that this Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive complex formed in an extensional environment, and the formation of the Xiangshan mafic microgranular enclaves can be explained by the injection of mafic magma from a deeper seated mantle magma chamber into a hypabyssal felsic magma chamber at the crustal emplacement levels.  相似文献   

9.
The Sanchahe quartz monzonite intrusion is situated in the middle segment of the North Qinling tectonic belt, Central China mainland, and consists chiefly of sanukitoid–like and granodioritic-monzogranitic rocks. The sanukitoid–like rocks are characterized by quartz monzonites, which display higher Mg#（55.0–59.0）, and enrichments in Na2 O＋K2 O（7.28–8.94 %）, Ni（21-2312 ppm）, Cr（56-4167 ppm）, Sr（553-923 ppm）, Ba（912-1355 ppm） and LREE（（La/Yb）N =9.47–15.3）, from negative to slightly positive Eu anomalies（δEu=＋0.61 to ＋1.10）, but also depletion in Nb, Ta and Ti. The granodioritic-monzogranitic rocks diaplay various Mg#of 6.00-53.0, high Na2 O＋K2 O（7.20– 8.30%）, Sr（455–1081 ppm） and（La/Yb）N（27.6–47.8）, with positive Eu anomalies（δEu=1.03–1.57） and depleted Nb, Ta and Ti. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（LA-ICPMS） zircon U-Pb isotopic dating reveals that the sanukitoid-like rocks were emplaced at two episodes of magmatism at 457±3 Ma and 431±2 Ma, respectively. The monzogranites were emplaced at 445±7Ma. Sanukitoid–like rocks have their εHf（t） values ranging from ＋0.3 to ＋15.1 with Hf–depleted mantle model ages of 445 to 1056 Ma, and the monzogranite shows its εHf（t） values ranging from 21.6 to ＋10.8 with Hf–depleted mantle model ages of 635 to 3183 Ma. Petrological, geochemical and zircon Lu –Hf isotopic features indicate that the magmatic precursor of sanukitoid–like rocks was derived from partial melting of the depleted mantle wedge materials that were metasomatized by fluids and melts related to subduction of oceanic slab, subsequently the sanukitoid magma ascended to crust level. This emplaced mantle magma caused partial melting of crustally metamorphosed sedimentary rocks, and mixing with the crustal magma, and suffered fractional crystallization, which lead to formations of quartz monzonites. However, the magmatic precursor of the granodioritic-monzogranitic rocks were derived from partial melting of subducted oceanic slab basalts. Integrated previous investigation for the adackitic rocks in the south of the intrusion, the Sanchahe intrusion signed that the North Qinling tectonic zone was developed in an early Paleozoic transitionally tectonic background from an island arc to back–arc.  相似文献   

10.
福建沿海中生代变质带中花岗质岩石的地球化学   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  
周旋  于津海 《地球化学》2001,30(3):282-292
福建东南沿海中生代变质带的花岗质岩石分布于东山、晋江和莆田等广大地区。花岗岩中常包含黑云母、石榴子石或白云母。但地球化学研究表明，这些花岗岩属于钙碱性或高钾钙碱性，以低Rb、Zr、Hf、Nb、Y、Ga含量和Rb/Sr比值，以及高Ba、Sr丰度为特征，属于典型的Ⅰ型花岗岩。它们的稀土总量普遍较低，具有轻稀土富集、铕中等亏损的稀土分布模式。本带三个地区花岗岩的微量元素组成存在一定差异，但具有相似的Sr、Nd同位素组成，以高εNd(t)(-4.49～-3.15)和低ISr(0.7055-0.7074)、tDM(1.19-1.29Ga)为特征。地球化学研究显示本带花岗岩形成于相同的构造背景－大型边缘火山弧环境。其母岩浆是由类似于麻源群的古老火成变质岩部分熔融产生的熔融体与同期的幔源玄武质岩浆发生一定程度混合而成。不同地区或同一地区花岗岩地球化学组成上的差异是不同程度的部分熔融和结晶分异的结果。  相似文献   

11.
The Upper Cretaceous Torul pluton, located in the Eastern Pontides, is of sub-alkaline affinity and displays features typical of volcanic arc granitoids. It is a composite pluton consisting of granodiorite, biotite hornblende monzogranite, quartz monzodiorite, quartz monzonite and hornblende biotite monzogranite. The oldest syenogranite (77.9 ± 0.3 Ma) and the youngest quartz diorite form small stocks within the pluton. Samples from the granodiorites, biotite hornblende monzogranites, quartz monzodiorites, quartz monzonites and hornblende biotite monzogranites have SiO2 between 57 and 68 wt% and display high-K calc-alkaline, metaluminous to peraluminous characteristics. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are fractionated (Lacn/Lucn = 6.0?14.2) with pronounced negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.59–0.84). Initial ?Nd(i) values vary between ?3.1 and ?4.1, initial 87Sr/86Sr values between 0.7058 and 0.7072, and δ18O values between +4.4 and +7.3‰. The quartz diorites are characterized by relatively high Mg-number of 36–38, low contents of Na2O (2.3–2.5 wt%) and SiO2 (52–55 wt%) and medium-K calc-alkaline, metaluminous composition. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are relatively flat [(La/Yb)cn =  2.8–3.3; (Tb/Yb)cn =  1.2] and show small negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.74–0.76). Compared to the other rock types, radiogenic isotope signatures of the quartz diorites show higher 87Sr/86Sr (0.7075–0.7079) and lower ?Nd(i) (–4.5 to –5.3). The syenogranites have high SiO2 (70–74 wt%) and display high-K calc-alkaline, peraluminous characteristics. Their REE patterns are characterized by higher Lacn/Lucn (12.9) and Eu/Eu* (0.76–0.77) values compared to the quartz diorites. Isotopic signatures of these rocks [?Nd(i) =  ?4.0 to ?3.3; 87Sr/86Sr(i) =  0.7034?0.7060; δ18 O =  + 4.9 to + 8.2] are largely similar to the other rock types but differ from that of the quartz diorites. Fractionation of plagioclase, hornblende, pyroxene and Fe–Ti oxides played an important role in the evolution of Torul granitoids. The crystallization temperatures of the melts ranged from 800 to 900°C as determined from zircon and apatite saturation thermometry. All these characteristics, combined with low K2O/Na2O, low Al2O3/(FeOT + MgO + TiO2), and low (Na2O + K2O)/(FeOT + MgO + TiO2) ratios suggest an origin through dehydration melting of mafic lower crustal source rocks.  相似文献   

12.
Zircon textures and composition have been used to infer magmatic processes including closed-system fractional crystallization, magma mixing or replenishment, and country-rock assimilation. Here, we propose that zircon textures and composition may also be refractory recorders of magmatic volatile evolution. We present field, whole-rock chemical, textural, mineral chemical, and U–Pb age data from evolved, fine-to-coarse-grained granite intrusions on Melville Peninsula, Nunavut, Canada. Zircon forms two main populations in these granites, Type-1 and Type-2 zircon. Type-1 zircon is present in all samples, but predominant in fine-grained granite. Crystals are euhedral and inclusion-rich and show periodic, fine-scale oscillatory zoning, comparatively low concentrations of U (<2,200 ppm) and Hf (<1.6 wt%), high Zr/Hf (~40–62), and pervasive alteration. Type-2 zircon is predominant in coarse-grained granite. Crystals form overgrowths on Type-1 zircon and individual crystals. They are subhedral and inclusion-poor and show weak, irregular, large-scale oscillatory zoning, high U (up to ~7,250 ppm) and Hf (1.5–2.0 wt%), low Zr/Hf (~37–44), and only local alteration. Compatible trace-element concentrations and Zr/Hf change sharply across the boundary of Type-1 to Type-2 zircon; 207Pb/206Pb ages preclude a significant hiatus between crystallization of the two types. We argue against magmatic versus hydrothermal crystallization, country-rock assimilation, or magma mixing as causes for the crystallization of Type-1 and Type-2 zircon. We propose instead that Type-1 zircon formed from volatile-undersaturated magmas and that Type-2 zircon formed from volatile-saturated magmas. Magmas fractionated by volatile-driven filter pressing into crystal-rich mush and crystal-poor magma. Crystal-rich mush with abundant Type-1 zircon crystallized to fine-grained granite. Volatile-rich magma crystallized to Type-2 zircon and coarse-grained granite. While Type-1 zircon was pervasively altered by exsolving magmatic volatiles, Type-2 zircon was only locally affected by subsolidus hydrothermal alteration.  相似文献   

13.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(14):1732-1753
Large-scale volcanism in the late Mesozoic was a prominent geological event in southeast China. The late Mesozoic volcanic sequences, named the Moshishan Group, are exposed in Zhejiang Province and are predominantly felsic in composition with subordinate mafic magma and rare andesites. To understand the late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of southeast China, we present zircon U–Pb dating, major and trace element analyses, and Hf isotopic compositions from felsic volcanic rocks of the Moshishan Group. Zircon U–Pb dating shows that the Moshishan Group formed between 145 and 129 Ma. The εHf(t) of the analysed zircons ranges from ?16.58 to +6.89, and the TDM2 age ranges from 753 to 2238 Ma with a major peak at ca. 1870 Ma. Hf isotopic compositions of zircons in Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks are more radiogenic than that of the metamorphic basement rocks, indicating a juvenile component in these magmas. Major element concentrations show that the volcanic rocks mainly belong to the high-K calc-alkaline series. Both zircon saturation temperatures and the εHf(t) values of zircons gradually increased with the evolution of the magma. Trace element data indicates that neither magmatic differentiation of mantle-derived magma nor mixing of magmas from different sources were the predominant magmagenetic processes. Earlier studies suggest that contemporaneous underplating contributed to the heat source that induced crustal melting and to the material origin that inconsistently mixed with the local crustal melts. Magmatic underplating is likely to have occurred because of the southwestward subduction of the Pacific plate with episodic slab rollback. The data obtained in this study suggest that the crust–mantle interaction under the influence of slab rollback played a progressive role in the formation of Early Cretaceous felsic volcanic rocks in southeast China.  相似文献   

14.
北山造山带位于中亚造山带南缘中段地区,是中亚造山带、塔里木克拉通和华北克拉通的构造结合部。年代学资料表明北山南带晚古生代存在一期重要的岩浆活动,所形成的岩石类型包括了镁铁-超镁铁质杂岩、花岗岩类以及酸性火山岩。音凹峡地区位于北山南带,该地区广泛分布着厚度巨大的二叠系。这套地层主要是由酸性火山岩及火山碎屑岩组成,流纹岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为273±1 Ma,为早二叠世。针对音凹峡地区酸性火山岩的地球化学研究发现,其具有高SiO_2、K_2O+Na_2O、Al_2O_3含量、低Fe_2O_3~T、Mg O、P_2O_5含量;富集轻稀土元素,重稀土元素无分异,具有明显的Eu负异常;微量元素方面,酸性火山岩富集Cs、Rb、Th、U、Zr和Hf等元素,而相对亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti等元素。酸性火山岩的锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值为-6.0~3.9,具有较老的Hf同位素模式年龄,t_(DM2)=1046~1669 Ma。音凹峡酸性火山岩的地球化学证据表明这套火山岩系可能由中-新元古代壳源岩石部分熔融形成,并与幔源岩浆进行了不同程度的混合,之后发生了分离结晶作用。综合音凹峡地区同时代镁铁质岩石、花岗岩类的研究成果,以及该地区二叠系沉积建造及火山岩特征分析可知,北山南带在早二叠世应处于大陆裂谷的构造背景。  相似文献   

15.
Recognized in the Xianghualing region,South Hunan are three major types of granitoids,i.e.,biotite granite,zinnwaldite-albite granite and xianghuagite,which evolved form the same granitic magma,but were formed at different stages.These granitoid rocks constitute a complete magmatic evolutionary series.With the evolution of magma,REE contents and negative Eu anomalies tend to decrease progressively,and LREE become more and more enriched relative to HREE .The facts mentioned above show that the tendency of REE evolution in granitoid rocks in the region studied is different from that in other regions.Evidence indicates that the granitic magma system became more and more depleted in Si(K Na),but richer and richer in Al,Li,F and H2O^ during the process of its evolution,re-sulting in relatively weak acidity and strong alkalinity .It may be the most important factor leading to a specific REE evolutionary trend for the granitoid rocks in this region.In addition,the changing oxidation-reduction environments at different evolutionary stages of this magma system may be anoth-er important factor which should be taken into consideration.  相似文献   

16.
Zircon has the outstanding capacity to record chronological, thermal, and chemical information, including the storage history of zoned silicic magma reservoirs like the one responsible for the Bishop Tuff of eastern California, USA. Our novel ion microprobe approach reveals that Bishop zircon rims with diverse chemical characteristics surround intermediate domains with broadly similar compositions. The highest Y, REE, U, and Th concentrations tend to accompany the largest excesses in Y + REE3+:P beyond what can be explained by xenotime substitution in zircon. Apparent Ti-in-zircon temperatures of <720°C for zircon rims are distinctly lower than most of the range in eruption temperatures, as estimated from FeTi-oxide equilibria and zircon solubility at quench. While permissive of crystallization of zircon at near-solidus conditions, the low Ti-in-zircon temperatures are probably better explained by sources of inaccuracy in the temperature estimates. After apparently nucleating from different melts, zircons from across the Bishop Tuff compositional spectrum may have evolved to broadly similar chemical and thermal conditions and therefore it is possible that there was no significant thermal gradient in the magma reservoir at some stage in its evolution. There is also no compelling evidence for punctuated heat ± chemical influxes during the intermediate stages of zircon growth. Judging by the zircon record, the main volume of the erupted magma evolved normally by secular cooling but the latest erupted portion is characterized by a reversal in chemistry that appears to indicate perfusion of the magma reservoir by—or zircon entrainment in—a less evolved melt from the one in which the zircons had previously resided.  相似文献   

17.
We present results of investigation of the trace-element (REE, HFSE) and Hf isotope compositions and U-Pb age of single zircons crystallized from alkaline-carbonatite magmas of the Ilmeny-Vishnevogorsky complex (IVC) (Urals, Russia). It has been established that the geochemical characteristics of the early zircon (U-Pb age of 430-410 Ma) from alkaline rocks and carbonatites of this complex are determined mainly by the magmatic evolution of parental fluid-saturated alkaline-carbonatite melts and are highly associated with the cocrystallization of zircon and uranium-containing rare-metal minerals (gatchettolite and pyrochlore) at the final stages of the magmatic-system activity. The early zircons have a moderately depleted Hf isotope composition (eHf from + 11.3 to + 4.7), confirming the mantle nature of the magma source and indicating the participation of DM-like and enriched-source (probably, lower-crust component) substances in the magma generation. The considerable variations in the initial Hf isotope composition of the early zircons testify to the multistage zircon crystallization involving new portions of melts with different isotope compositions controlled by mixing of substances at their source. Late IVC zircons (250-350 Ma) have strongly disturbed “rejuvenated” isotope systems and a geochemical composition different from that of the magmatic zircons. They formed apparently at the metamorphic stage of the IVC evolution without a significant input of additional material.  相似文献   

18.
The footwall volcanic rocks of the Ordovician Tanjianshan Group in the world-class Xitieshan Pb–Zn deposit have experienced prolonged arc volcanism followed by strong metamorphism and deformation. This has resulted in a complex thermal history and led to ambiguity in interpretation of zircon geochronological results. An integrated study involving textural characterization, CL imaging, trace element analysis, Ti-in-zircon thermometry and LA-ICPMS U–Pb dating has provided tight constraints on the age and genesis of the zircon groups in the volcanic rocks. The temperature of metamorphism and deformation indicated by metacryst minerals and micro-structures in the volcanic rocks ranges from 550 to 650 °C, which partially overlaps with the lower temperature range of zircon crystallization (600–750 °C) calculated using the Ti-in-zircon thermometer. Cathodoluminescence images and trace element compositions confirm a magmatic origin for the zircons, which have also been variably altered by metamorphic fluids. Two ranges of U–Pb ages, 475–470 Ma and 460–450 Ma, have been obtained on typical magmatic zircons and are interpreted to represent pre-mineralization arc volcanism in the Xitieshan deposit. A younger age group of 440–430 Ma for the fluid-modified zircons is considered to record post-ore metamorphism during the North Qadaim Orogeny. Thus, we propose that the original exhalative ores at the Xitieshan Pb–Zn deposit formed at 450–440 Ma.  相似文献   

19.
长江中下游地区是我国一条重要的铜多金属成矿带,成矿与燕山期岩浆活动密切相关,矿床类型主要有斑岩型和矽卡岩型。在长江中下游成矿带西段的鄂东南和九瑞地区产有该带中几个十分重要的大型铜多金属矿床,如铜绿山、鸡冠嘴、铜山口、城门山、武山等。通过对该区岩体的系统对比研究表明,成矿岩体和不成矿岩体的矿物组成,主微量元素成分及成岩年龄上并无明显差异。总体而言,九瑞地区岩浆岩的形成年龄集中在141～148Ma之间,略早于鄂东南地区与铜矿相关的岩浆岩(集中在137～140Ma)。对岩浆岩全岩的Sr-Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素研究表明,一些成矿岩体具有比不成矿岩体更高比例的幔源物质贡献。对岩浆岩中主要造岩矿物,如角闪石和黑云母的详细研究,可以区分它们的不同结晶历史,从而揭示岩浆从早至晚演化过程中,相容元素和不相容元素、成矿元素和挥发份元素的变化规律,判别岩浆分离结晶过程、流体出溶过程,指示成矿与否。通过对角闪石和黑云母温压计的应用,估测了九瑞和鄂东南地区成矿岩体与不成矿岩体的侵位压力和深度,发现成矿岩体一般具有较低的压力(4kbar)和较浅的侵位深度。九瑞和鄂东南地区成矿岩体均具有较高的氧逸度。成矿岩体演化到晚期,氧逸度显示升高的趋势,岩浆中的挥发分/成矿金属含量较高。而不成矿岩体就位前岩浆贫化Cu、S、Cl等元素,不能分异出含足够成矿元素的成矿热液。因此,通过详细的矿物学、特别是造岩矿物角闪石和黑云母以及副矿物锆石和磷灰石的主微量元素和同位素组成的研究,以及由其计算出的温度、压力、氧逸度、流体成分等参数,可以区分成矿与不成矿岩体,从而为长江中下游成矿带乃至其他类似地区的深部找矿工作提供理论指导。  相似文献   

20.
紫金山矿田位于华南褶皱系东部,闽西南凹陷西南部,是我国大型-超大型浅成低温热液铜金矿床,区内发现多个与岩浆活动密切相关的金、银、铜等金属矿床.对紫金山矿田东南矿段与成矿密切相关的细粒黑云母花岗岩开展了详细野外地质调查、岩相学和锆石稀土元素、U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究.LA-ICP-MS法获得细粒黑云母花岗岩中岩浆结晶锆石206Pb/238U-207Pb/235U谐和年龄为109.5±1.9 Ma（MSWD=0.74,N=16）,206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为107.44±0.94 Ma（MSWD=1.06,N=16）,二者在误差范围内结果一致,结合锆石稀土元素和岩浆振荡环带特征及Th/U比值,上述年龄结果可代表岩石的结晶年龄,表明细粒黑云母花岗岩侵位于燕山期早白垩世.细粒黑云母花岗岩锆石Hf同位素初始比值εHf（t）均为负,介于-4.99~-1.06（平均值为-2.99）;两阶段Hf模式年龄（tDM2）介于1 233.7~1 485.4 Ma（平均值为1 362.4 Ma）.样品的εHf（t）、Hf同位素地壳模式年龄分布范围变化较小,暗示岩体的岩浆来源具有较为均一的锆石Hf同位素组成.紫金山矿田东南矿段早白垩世花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征,反映了闽西南早白垩世的岩浆成矿活动时间和源区特征,其成因与中国东南部岩石圈伸展减薄和壳源物质参与岩浆形成演化密切相关.   相似文献   

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