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激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)适合于直接分析硫化物矿物中痕量元素的含量及空间分布,但硫化物矿物的激光剥蚀特性与硅酸盐及氧化物不同,受到的干扰也更严重,且由于硫化物标准物质(尤其是含铂族元素、Au、Ag等贵金属元素标准物质)极度缺乏,限制了LA-ICP-MS技术在硫化物微区分析中的广泛应用。本文以贵金属标准样品GPT-9和矿石标准物质为原料合成锍镍试金扣,并封入真空管中重熔,利用背散射电子图像和LA-ICP-MS分析元素分布的均匀性,探讨真空重熔锍镍试金扣制备硫化物原位微区分析标准样品的可行性。背散射电子图像(BSE)显示真空重熔后锍镍试金扣由单相S、Ni化合物组成。LA-ICP-MS线扫描和点扫描分析表明,锍镍试金扣中S、Ni、Cr、Co、Cu、Pb、Sb、Cd、Bi等主量及微量元素分析精密度(RSD)均小于10%,均匀分布;在镍扣制备过程中Zn相对于Cu、Pb、Sb更难进入硫化物相;贵金属元素Au、Ag、Pt均一性较好,其余贵金属元素由于含量低、仪器波动及质谱干扰等影响因素造成分析数据的RSD相对较大,但可通过提高原料中贵金属元素含量、降低熔融样品淬火温度等方法进一步提高其均匀性。锍镍试金扣的组成元素对铂族元素分析的质谱干扰研究表明,重铂族元素(Os、Ir、Pt)和Au受到的干扰可忽略不计;轻铂族元素(Ru、Rh、Pd)受金属氩化物干扰较为严重,需进行干扰校正。研究认为,真空重熔技术可有效提高锍镍试金扣中各元素(包括贵金属)的均一性,达到硫化物原位微区分析标准样品的要求,利用真空重熔锍镍试金扣制备LA-ICP-MS原位微区痕量及贵金属硫化物分析标准样品具可行性。 相似文献
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激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱元素微区分析标准物质研究进展 总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4
激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)是目前地球科学分析领域的重要技术手段,元素微区分析标准物质研制是该分析技术发展的重要方向。本文对当前LA-ICP-MS元素微区分析标准物质的种类、元素分布以及应用上的优缺点和标准物质的制备方法进行了评述。现有的有证标准物质数量不多、种类不齐全,部分元素浓度较低,定值不确定度较大,应用上受到较大的局限性;研制标准也不成熟,均匀性检验方面尚未有统一的方法。本文参照岩石粉末标准物质均匀性检验方法提出了两步均匀性检验法,同时指出在标准物质种类方面,铂族元素及Au元素浓度适当、Pb-S等不同硫化物基体标准物质,以及化学成分不同的碳酸岩和磷酸岩基体标准物质是当前的迫切需求;在标准物质研制技术方面,纳米岩石粉末压片技术的研发、原位微区分析标准物质(固体)均匀性检验判别标准研究是亟待解决的问题。 相似文献
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锆石铀-铅定年激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱原位微区分析进展 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8
激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)技术是目前最常用的锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定方法之一。该方法能够对单颗粒锆石内部年龄差异实现快速、准确的原位微区分析。文章总结了近年来激光剥蚀系统、ICP-MS技术以及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法、相关应用实例研究的进展和现状。系统评述了激光发生器,剥蚀池,剥蚀参数(激光波长、脉冲宽度、剥蚀气体、孔径大小)以及四极杆和扇形磁场质谱仪对锆石U-Pb年龄数据的精度和准确度的影响。详细介绍了基于锆石年龄标准样品、标准溶液及其他标样的外标定量校准方法,单个U/Pb比值计算方法,普通铅校正方法以及同位素年龄与微量元素同时测定的方法。目前LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年技术主要应用于碎屑锆石的沉积物源区示踪和岩浆事件的年代学约束研究。 相似文献
4.
激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)作为一项实用的技术被广泛应用于原位微区分析。在学者们更为关注的元素空间分布问题上,LA-ICP-MS线扫描较单点剥蚀具有更大的优势。线扫描过程中元素的空间分辨率是影响分析结果准确程度的因素之一。每个脉冲间的信号如果严重叠加会导致较低的空间分辨率。文章通过LA-ICP-MS的单脉冲剥蚀实验,研究了合成硅酸盐玻璃标准样品CGSG中不同元素的信号时间结构,及其对线扫描的空间分辨率的影响。结果表明,当激光束斑40 μm时,应用LA-ICP-MS进行线扫描测量空间分辨率能够满足线扫描技术分析的需求。 相似文献
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《岩矿测试》2016,(6)
通过激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)获得被测物相中痕量元素的丰度值是目前原位分析矿物物相的技术之一。黄铁矿作为斑岩铜矿中的重要矿物,其主量、微量元素的特征能为成矿过程提供重要信息。本文建立了应用LA-ICP-MS测定黄铁矿微区微量元素组成、电子探针(EMPA)测定主量元素的方法,并将该方法应用到白山堂斑岩铜矿区。LA-ICP-MS实验采用60μm的激光束对分析样品进行斑点式剥蚀,以氦气作载气,重复频率5 Hz,激光能量约6 J/cm~2;单点分析时间60 s,分析数据以Fe作内标,用MASS-1黄铁矿标样进行校正,多数元素分析精度好于10%。针对黄铁矿与毒砂光学性质相似,容易混淆的问题,可以利用二者物理性质的差异进行区分。测试结果显示:矿区黄铁矿的主量元素呈亏硫高铁的特征,指示其为热液成因;微量元素特征表明其形成深度为中部,属与火山作用有关的中低温热液型黄铁矿。此结论对白山堂铜矿的成因类型、成矿流体来源等提供了相应的证据,对矿区的勘查具有理论指导意义。 相似文献
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锂、铍是当前全球战略性关键金属,采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)建立分析方法可以实现微区原位定量分析天然矿物样品中的锂、铍元素含量,为锂铍资源高效利用以及赋存状态的研究提供分析技术支撑。锂辉石和绿柱石等矿物是提取锂、铍元素的主要原料,微区分析常用的电子探针方法对于能量较低的轻元素难以准确定量,而LA-ICP-MS方法亟待改进降低非基体匹配校准带来的基体效应提高分析的准确度和精密度。本文探讨了仪器工作条件(同位素选择及计数模式、载气He气流速、样品气Ar气流速、束斑直径、能量密度大小)和数据处理方法(外部标准物质、内标元素)对定量结果精密度和准确度的影响。实验结果表明：He和Ar气体流速不仅会影响锂、铍信号强度,而且适当降低载气He流速(0.6L/min)可以减小相对误差。增加束斑直径虽可以将数据精密度提高10%以上,但是对于准确度影响不大;对于绿柱石这类硬度高的透明矿物应提高能量密度(相对强度>75%,通量>2.7J/cm2)以保证产生稳定剥蚀信号。测定7Li时选择现有标准物质中含量较高的GSE-1G校准、9Be选择NIST610... 相似文献
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独立封存的单个流体包裹体，能够准确地反演被捕获时期的流体信息.激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（LA-ICP-MS）是单个流体包裹体微区分析的重要手段，展现了原位、实时、高空间分辨率、高灵敏度、高精密度、低检出限、多元素同时检测的优点.单个流体包裹体组成信息的LA-ICP-MS测定技术，在单个流体包裹体选取、激光剥蚀采样方式、气溶胶传输与电离、质谱瞬时信号采集效率、定量校准与内标元素准确测定等方面逐步突破，且该技术应用于成矿元素来源及分配、成矿流体来源及特征、建立成矿模式等方面的研究广泛.因此提高单个流体包裹体分析成功率、降低小体积流体包裹体元素检出限、测定矿石矿物流体包裹体成分等成为该分析技术亟待解决的问题. 相似文献
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《矿物学报》2013,(3)
金属或半金属元素(Fe、Mo、As、Cu、Co、Ni、Zn、Pb等)、贵金属元素(Au、Ag)和铂族元素(PGE)、稀有分散元素(Re、Ga、In等)以高浓度富集或微量赋存于硫化物矿物中,常形成具有工业意义和经济价值的大型矿床,对研究矿床成因、经济地质、环境地球化学具有重要意义。因此,对硫化物组成的精确分析是了解上述方向的重要途径。硫化物矿物的主微(痕)量元素的快速、精确定量分析一直以来备受关注,本文就近几十年来对硫化物矿物的定量分析进展作了详细介绍,重点评述了电子探针(EPMA)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS和LA-ICPMS)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)在硫化物矿物主微(痕)量分析中的应用。 相似文献
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The Bent Hill massive sulfide deposit and ODP Mound deposit in Middle Valley at the northernmost end of the Juan de Fuca Ridge are two of the largest modern seafloor hydrothermal deposits yet explored. Trace metal concentrations of sulfide minerals, determined by laser-ablation ICP-MS, were used in conjunction with mineral paragenetic studies and thermodynamic calculations to deduce the history of fluid-mineral reactions during sulfide deposition. Detailed analyses of the distribution of metals in sulfides indicate significant shifts in the physical and chemical conditions responsible for the trace element variability observed in these sulfide deposits. Trace elements (Mn, Co, Ni, As, Se, Ag, Cd, Sb, Pb, and Bi) analyzed in a representative suite of 10 thin sections from these deposits suggest differences in conditions and processes of hydrothermal alteration resulting in mass transfer of metals from the center of the deposits to the margins. Enrichments of some trace metals (Pb, Sb, Cd, Ag) in sphalerite at the margins of the deposits are best explained by dissolution/reprecipitation processes consistent with secondary remineralization. Results of reaction-path models clarify mechanisms of mass transfer during remineralization of sulfide deposits due to mixing of hydrothermal fluids with seawater. Model results are consistent with patterns of observed mineral paragenesis and help to identify conditions (pH, redox, temperature) that may be responsible for variations in trace metal concentrations in primary and secondary minerals. Differences in trace metal distributions throughout a single deposit and between nearby deposits at Middle Valley can be linked to the history of metal mobilization within this active hydrothermal system that may have broad implications for sulfide ore formation in other sedimented and unsedimented ridge systems. 相似文献
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SONG Huanbin HE Mingqin ZHANG Shangzhong YI Fenghuang 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(1):104-108
The Jingbaoshan platinum-palladium deposit is China＇s largest independent PGM （platinum-group metals） deposit so far discovered. There are eleven kinds of useful components in the ore： Pt, Pd, Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Au, Ag, Cu, Ni, and Co. The platinum-group elements, gold and silver occur in the form of minerals in ores. twenty-five kinds of precious metal minerals have been found, of which twenty one belong to the platinum-group minerals. The minerals are very small in grain size. Copper occurs mainly as copper sulfide with a small amount of free copper oxide, and the beneficiated copper accounts for 95.21%. Nickel occurs mainly as nickel sulfide, and some nickel silicate and nickel oxide occur in the ore. The beneficiated nickel accounts for 72.03%. Cobalt occurs mainly as cobalt sulfide, and there are some cobalt oxide and other kinds of cobalt. The beneficiated cobalt accounts for 77.58%. 相似文献
14.
Experimental evidence suggests that formation of metal sulfides in anoxic sediments limits the bioavailability of several toxic elements. Our ability to quantify the processes by which these metal sulfides form is dependent upon our ability to determine the speciation of solid phase metals in sediments. Our work indicates that an entire suite of Cu-Fe and Ni-Fe sulfide minerals can form upon the exposure of mackinawite to aqueous Cu and Ni. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the solubility of pure metal sulfide minerals and their iron-metal derivatives in HCl directly correlates with the observed trends in the 'Degree of Trace Metal Pyritization' in natural sediments. Current extraction schemes cannot distinguish discrete trace metal sulfides from trace metals associated with pyrite. 相似文献
15.
The geology of the Volkovsky deposit, the composition of its rocks, titanomagnetite and copper-titanomagnetite ores with accompanying
noble-metal mineralization, and their formation conditions are considered. Special attention is paid to the recently revealed
noble-metal mineralization and its attendant character in respect to titanomagnetite ore is shown. Ore minerals and their
relationships are characterized. Initially immiscible sulfide segregations are described and their evolution is traced up
to interrelations with oxide and silicate cumulates. The distribution of noble metals (NM) in titanomagnetite and copper-titanomagnetite
ores is discussed. Throughout ore formation, NM gradually accumulated in silicates, oxides, and sulfides. The highest NM concentrations
are related to the sulfide schlieren and veinlike segregations in gabbroic rocks. It is suggested that the deposit was formed
as a product of fractionation of basaltic magma. The copper-iron ore was deposited from the residual melt enriched in Cu,
Fe, Ti, V and volatile P and S in a wide temperature range of 800 to 570°C. Noble metals concentrated in parallel with their
own minerals (largely tellurides and native gold) at the final stage of crystallization of gabbroic intrusion. 相似文献
16.
The genesis of the Sullivan orebody is reviewed in terms of current concepts of stratiform ore formation. The source of metals and sulfur, the environment and time of ore formation, and the imprint of subsequent metamorphic events are explained in terms of a model which views the ore as one component of a chemical and clastic sequence formed within a rift basin above a thermal anomaly. Classic primary sedimentary structures are displayed in both the chemical (sulfide) and the clastic (silicate) rocks. Fractures and breccia zones beneath the western section of the mine provided passage-ways for boron and metal-rich sulfur-poor brines. Sulfides formed when the metals combined with reduced marine sulfur. The pattern of metal zoning is a reflection of the location of brine vents. The boron-rich solutions produced the tourmaline alteration zone. The sodium-rich brine produced albite within the ore sequence and in the hanging wall perhaps by the modification of analcite. The manganese variation of sulfide minerals between ore bands and laminations reflect changes in the chemistry of solutions during sedimentation and some degree of partitioning during metamorphism. The metamorphism has modified both the sulfide and silicate assemblages. 相似文献
17.
１ 地质概况及矿体特征金川铜镍硫化物矿床产于金川岩体中。金川岩体为一超基性岩体,侵入于下元古界白家嘴子组,直接与片麻岩、蛇纹大理岩、条带均质混合岩接触,呈不规则岩墙状产出,长约６５００ｍ,宽约２０～５２７ｍ,垂直延深达１１００ｍ,出露面积为１－３４ｋｍ２。与成矿关系密切的岩石主要有二辉橄榄岩、橄榄二辉岩、含辉橄榄岩、纯橄岩等,一般基性程度越高,含矿性越好。该岩体被北东东向断裂分割为四段,每一段都有矿体产出,与围岩之间有接触交代作用。本文所研究的富铜矿体产在金川龙首矿区东采区,位于１１６０～１４… 相似文献
18.
Offatts Bayou basin was created by use of this are as a borrow pit for landfill by the city of Galveston, Texas, in the first half of this century. Restricted exchange of water with the adjacent West Bay results in this basin changing, on a seasonal time scale, between oxic winter and highly sulfidic summer (greater than 500 μM ΣH2S) bottom water conditions. It is, therefore, a “natural laboratory” for the investigation of the behavior of toxic metals in an estuarine environment where redox conditions undergo major variations. Here we report the first study of the chemistry of Offatts Bayou’s waters and sediment-associated trace metals. The high concentrations of dissolved sulfide in bottom water during summer cause a loss of macrofauna from most of the water deeper than about 4 m and the bottom of the basin. The potential exists for major mortality of organisms living in the oxic surface waters if rapid mixing of waters were to occur during the summer. Reactions of toxic metals with sulfides are probably the dominant influence on their potential bioavailability in this type of environment, as evidenced by large seasonal changes in concentrations of sedimentary sulfide minerals and associated trace metals. The trace metals As, Cu, and Hg are dominantly found in the pyrite phase (greater than 75% pyritization), Ag and Mn are moderately pyritized (40% to 60%), and Zn is not strongly associated with pyrite (less than 20% pyritization). 相似文献
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麒麟厂铅锌矿银的工艺矿物学研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
笔者应用微区测试研究、粒度统计分析及物相分析等，对云南会泽铅锌矿麒麟厂矿床6号矿体铅锌特富矿石中银的工艺矿物特征进行了研究，认为银以类质同象和独立矿物两种状态存在，发现了11种银矿物和含银矿物，方铅矿是银的主要载体矿物，银的最佳回收指标为93．52％－99．20％。 相似文献
20.
Jung-Woo Park Ian H. Campbell Ryan B. Ickert Charlotte M. Allen 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2013,165(2):217-236
The behavior of the platinum group elements (PGE) and Re in felsic magmas is poorly understood due to scarcity of data. We report the concentrations of Ni, Cu, Re, and PGE in the compositionally diverse Boggy Plain zoned pluton (BPZP), which shows a variation of rock type from gabbro through granodiorite and granite to aplite with a SiO2 range from 52 to 74 wt %. In addition, major silicate and oxide minerals were analyzed for Ni, Cu, and Re, and a systematic sulfide study was carried out to investigate the role of silicate, oxide, and sulfide minerals on chalcophile element geochemistry of the BPZP. Mass balance calculation shows that the whole rock Cu budget hosted by silicate and oxide minerals is <13 wt % and that Cu is dominantly located in sulfide phases, whereas most of the whole rock Ni budget (>70 wt %) is held in major silicate and oxide minerals. Rhenium is dominantly hosted by magnetite and ilmenite. Ovoid-shaped sulfide blebs occur at the boundary between pyroxene phenocrysts and neighboring interstitial phases or within interstitial minerals in the gabbro and the granodiorite. The blebs are composed of pyrrhotite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and S-bearing Fe-oxide, which contain total trace metals (Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Pb) up to ~16 wt %. The mineral assemblage, occurrence, shape, and composition of the sulfide blebs are a typical of magmatic sulfide. PGE concentrations in the BPZP vary by more than two orders of magnitude from gabbro (2.7–7.8 ppb Pd, 0.025–0.116 ppb Ir) to aplite (0.05 ppb Pd, 0.001 ppb Ir). Nickel, Cu, Re, and PGE concentrations are positively correlated with MgO in all the rock types although there is a clear discontinuity between the granodiorite and the granite in the trends for Ni, Rh, and Ir when plotted against MgO. Cu/Pd values gradually increase from 6,100 to 52,600 as the MgO content decreases. The sulfide petrology and chalcophile element geochemistry of the BPZP show that sulfide saturation occurred in the late gabbroic stage of magma differentiation. Segregation and distribution of these sulfide blebs controlled Cu and PGE variations within the BPZP rocks although the magma of each rock type may have experienced a different magma evolution history in terms of crustal assimilation and crystal fractionation. The sulfide melt locked in the cumulate rocks must have sequestered a significant portion of the chalcophile elements, which restricted the availability of these metals to magmatic-hydrothermal ore fluids. Therefore, we suggest that the roof rocks that overlay the BPZP were not prospective for magmatic-hydrothermal Cu, Au, or Cu–Au deposits. 相似文献