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1.
石英尾砂对旱地表土磁性的影响及其环境意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
李勇  李海燕 《现代地质》2008,22(5):889-894
对安徽省凤阳县石英尾砂、受尾砂影响的表土、旱地表土和城镇表土进行了磁学测量,结果表明这4类样品的磁性特征明显不同。尽管这4类样品的磁化率均由磁铁矿主导,但旱地表土中可能含少量磁赤铁矿,石英尾砂、受尾砂影响的表土和城镇表土中可能含少量铁的氢氧化物(如纤铁矿),受尾砂影响的表土中还含少量赤铁矿。城镇表土中磁铁矿的含量明显高于其他3类样品,受尾砂影响的表土中的磁铁矿含量介于石英尾砂和旱地表土之间。城镇表土中磁铁矿的粒径范围较宽,小于1 μm,石英尾砂中磁铁矿的粒径大于0.1 μm,旱地表土中磁铁矿的粒径小于0.1 μm,受尾砂影响的表土中磁铁矿的粒径介于旱地表土与石英尾砂的粒径之间。城镇表土的磁化率与频率磁化率呈负相关,旱地表土的磁化率与频率磁化率呈正相关,而受石英尾砂影响的表土的磁化率与频率磁化率没有明显的相关关系。在城市工业和交通等人类活动的影响下,城镇表土的磁性较旱地表土增强。而在石英砂生产这一人类活动的影响下,受尾砂影响的表土的磁性较旱地表土减弱,这是由石英尾砂中磁性矿物的含量较旱地表土4的少所致。  相似文献   

2.
<正>铁(氢)氧化物在土壤、沉积物和水相颗粒物中分布广泛,表面氧化还原活性高,以及电子输运能力强,对环境污染物(重金属和有机污染物)的地球化学过程起着重要的控制作用。相比于常见的针铁矿和赤铁矿等含铁矿物,磁铁矿在吸附-转化污染物方面具有一些独特的结构优势:1)磁铁矿表面的Fe2+具有强还原性,能通过矿物表面或内部结构向有机物、重金属传递电子,使污染物还原;2)磁铁矿具有反尖晶石结构,八面体位同时被Fe2+和Fe3+占据,电子在这两种氧化态之间迅速转移,赋予磁铁矿良好  相似文献   

3.
尼雄矿田滚纠铁矿地处拉萨地块隆格尔-工布江达岩浆弧,是冈底斯成矿带中生代铁铜多金属成矿作用的典型代表。在详细的野外地质调查和室内研究基础上,分析了滚纠铁矿床磁铁矿的成因矿物学特征。电子探针测试和ICP-MS分析表明,磁铁矿主量元素具有富SiO_2,贫TiO_2、V_2O_5的特征;微量元素Ba、Ti相对亏损,Cs、U相对富集,Eu、Lu、Tb、Ho、Tm强烈亏损。磁铁矿的Ti-(V+Cr)和(Ti+V)-(Al+Mn)协变图显示氧逸度、温度对矿物元素含量有明显制约作用,同时w(TiO_2)与w(CaO+MgO)、w(Na_2O+K_2O)表现出明显正相关关系,指示矽卡岩系统中流体-岩石相互作用是磁铁矿地球化学元素变化的主要控制因素。通过研究矿床中矿物生成顺序和磁铁矿中Ti、V元素特征并结合前人流体包裹体测温资料,认为矿区铁矿化阶段为高氧逸度的中高温环境,初步限定磁铁矿成矿温度为300~450℃。矿物的w(Ni)均值为8.98×10~(-6),Ni/Co比值1(变化范围0.15~0.59),Ti/V比值为6.71~25.52,从矿物化学角度进一步印证滚纠铁矿的成矿物质来源于矿区中酸性岩浆流体系统。TiO_2-Al_2O_3-(MgO+MnO)和(Ca+Al+Mn)-(Ti+V)等成因判别图解在矿区具有良好适用性,说明磁铁矿是矽卡岩矿床成矿过程的重要指示矿物。  相似文献   

4.
红格层状岩体是峨眉山大火成岩省内带最大的赋存钒钛磁铁矿矿床的层状岩体,从底部到顶部可分为下部岩相带、中部岩相带和上部岩相带。红格岩体下部岩相带角闪(磁铁)辉石岩和角闪(磁铁)橄辉岩中角闪石含量高达5%~15%,远远高于区内其他含超大型钒钛磁铁矿矿床的层状岩体。岩体中角闪石呈嵌晶状结构,且具有均一干涉色,暗示其为岩浆成因,而非热液蚀变的产物。此外,角闪石的矿物化学特征表现为高Al2O3含量(10.5%~12.0%)、高Al/Si(0.30~0.37)和Mg/(Fe3++Fe2++VIAl)比值(1.69~2.63)以及低Si/(Si+Ti+Al)比值(0.69~0.74),进一步表明其是直接从幔源基性岩浆中结晶形成的。金云母高MgO含量(18.7%~22.9%)的特征也说明其与幔源岩浆作用有关。角闪石和金云母的成因与红格层状侵入体的地质背景相吻合,为探讨红格岩体形成过程中的物理化学条件提供了重要的矿物学依据。根据矿物电子探针成分及其化学式计算得到岩体角闪石的结晶温度为1000~1100℃,结晶压力小于2.2kbar,结晶时的氧逸度范围在NNO-0.55到NNO+0.73之间。矿物结构关系指示岩体的磁铁矿结晶早于角闪石,因此,结合MELTs模拟计算,认为红格岩体钒钛磁铁矿矿层的形成温度为1100~1165℃,氧逸度高于NNO+0.73。红格岩体下部岩相带和中部岩相带每个旋回自下而上,角闪石的Fe3+/(Fe3+/Fe2+)比值以及全岩Fe3+/Fe2+和Mt/(Mt+Ilm)比值有规律地逐渐降低,而磁铁矿V2O3含量逐渐升高,这些特征说明Fe-Ti氧化物的分离结晶导致氧逸度逐渐降低。而上部岩相带IX旋回全岩Fe3+/Fe2+和Mt/(Mt+Ilm)比值自底部到顶部随着磁铁矿V2O3含量的降低而升高,显示出与下部岩相带和中部岩相带相反的变化趋势,表明IX旋回在分离结晶过程中氧逸度是逐渐升高的,可能是受上部岩相带富P2O5母岩浆的制约。  相似文献   

5.
智博铁矿床是西天山东部阿吾拉勒铁成矿带新发现的大型磁铁矿矿床之一。赋矿围岩为下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩及火山碎屑岩。围岩蚀变广泛发育,识别出3个阶段:第一阶段以辉石+钠长石+磁铁矿为主;第二阶段以角闪石+钾长石+绿帘石+磁铁矿+黄铁矿为主;第三阶段以绿帘石+绿泥石+方解石+石英+黄铁矿+赤铁矿±黄铜矿为主。电子探针分析表明,智博铁矿与其他岩浆-热液成因铁矿床具有类似的蚀变矿物化学成分。辉石以透辉石为主(Di=62.97%~83.56%),含少量钙铁辉石(Hd=16.44%~36.45%);火山岩中斜长石(Ab47.57-57.82An41.5-51.87Or0.56-0.68)蚀变形成钠长石(Ab77.89-99.33An0.46-2.48Or0.21-20.3);与热液作用有关的钾长石叠加改造早期蚀变矿物;角闪石主要为阳起石;晚期发育富铁绿帘石〔Fe/(Fe+Al)=0.2~0.36〕以及绿泥石蚀变矿物。与火山岩中的磁铁矿〔w(TiO2)3.08%〕相比,矿体中磁铁矿具有低w(TiO2)(0.23%)的特点,部分早期浸染状磁铁矿与火山岩中的磁铁矿w(V2O5)相当,暗示该矿化阶段的铁质部分来源于围岩。矿物学及矿物化学表明,热液交代作用对成矿具有重要的贡献。同时,智博铁矿具有一些暗示铁矿浆成因的结构特征,如块状磁铁矿与围岩呈截然接触,磁铁矿胶结围岩角砾,磁铁矿条带呈流动状分布以及板条状磁铁矿等。结合铁矿带区域地质特征,认为智博铁矿可能主要由富铁岩浆流体形成,在形成大量块状富铁矿体的同时,伴随有广泛的围岩蚀变。矿区内大量的磁铁矿矿化与晚石炭世大陆岛弧岩浆活动有密切的成因联系。  相似文献   

6.
嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans)能够在低pH值条件下,迅速将Fe2+氧化并产生大量次生羟基硫酸铁沉淀,从而除去水中可溶性Fe2+。这为富含Fe2+的酸性矿山废水(acid mine drainage,AMD)处理提供了新的思路。本文从晶种刺激和阳离子诱导两个方面,分别研究了固定化载体(硅藻土、石英砂)和具有强诱导能力的成矾离子(K+)对微生物转化酸性体系中Fe2+成次生矿物的影响。结果表明,3种材料均有明显促进可溶性Fe2+向次生矿物转化的作用,且总铁(TFe)沉淀率与3种材料的添加量呈正相关关系。在起始Fe2+浓度为160mmol/L,硅藻土、石英砂和钾离子最大添加量分别为10 g、10 g和80 mmol/L时,经过72 h反应后,TFe沉淀率分别比对照增加了8%、24%和20%。矿物中的Fe、K和S元素含量与溶液中的起始K+浓度有非常密切的关系,随着K+浓度的增大,矿物中的K和S含量逐渐增加,而Fe含量则相应减少。  相似文献   

7.
<正>高硅花岗岩(w(Si O2)72%)的Fe同位素组成相对低硅样品显著偏重,其成因被解释为流体出溶[1-2]、Soret扩散[3]或分离结晶[4-5]。高硅花岗岩中,由于铁镁质矿物含量极低,全岩Fe含量相当一部分赋存于长石中,显著不同于低硅花岗岩,后者的Fe几乎都存在于铁镁质矿物和磁铁矿中。这一Fe赋存状态的改变对高硅花岗岩铁同位素组成的影响尚属未知。本研究测试了大别造山带I型花岗岩中长石和其他共存矿物  相似文献   

8.
花脖湾石英岩矿赋存于长城系磨石沟组,矿石质地纯净且变化稳定,这与沉积环境关系密切。在详细研究石英岩矿物组成、嵌布粒度特征和分析化学成分与石英粒径关系的基础上,探讨了磨石沟组沉积环境对石英岩特征的影响关系,并提出了相关的开发利用建议。结果表明:花脖湾石英岩的平均w(SiO_2)为97.09%,石英粒度集中分布在0.098mm~0.26mm内;在区域北西(前滨)-南东(临滨)方向上,随着石英粒径减小,杂质含量逐渐增多,石英岩w(SiO_2)由99.10%降低到93.64%,与平均嵌布粒度的相关系数达到87.7%;磨石沟组沉积环境为高能碎屑海岸的滨浅海沉积,沉积分选作用直接控制了碎屑沉积物的矿物组成和粒度分布,化学元素配分受白云母含量变化影响;花脖湾石英岩矿资源前景良好,应根据沉积环境变化特征对其进行梯度开发利用。  相似文献   

9.
卡门铁矿床位于智利著名的中生代铁-铜-金成矿带内,本文根据矿石组构和矿物共生特征将卡门铁矿床成矿期次划分为硅化阶段、磁铁矿阶段、黄铜矿阶段和晚期热液脉阶段4个阶段。卡门铁矿床磁铁矿有两种类型:含硫化物块状磁铁矿、与阳起石共生磁铁矿,以含硫化物块状磁铁矿为主。电子探针研究表明,该矿床与阳起石共生磁铁矿的Fe O_T含量略高于含硫化物块状磁铁矿;整体上来看,磁铁矿的Fe O_T与Si O_2、Al_2O_3、Mg O呈负相关关系。激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)微量元素成分分析表明,卡门磁铁矿轻稀土元素亏损,重稀土元素富集且分馏程度相对较大;Co、Ni元素含量高,与夕卡岩型磁铁矿较为接近,但Ni/Co比值变化较大,与夕卡岩型有明显差异,说明卡门磁铁矿与典型夕卡岩成因的磁铁矿存在一定差别,同时较高的Ni/Co比值反映了其成因与深源物质有关。卡门铁矿床磁铁矿Ti O_2-Al_2O_3-(Mg O+Mn O)三角图表明该矿床具有热液交代特征,与夕卡岩相关;(Ca+Al+Mn)-(Ti+V)成因判别图也显示该矿床有夕卡岩型铁矿特征,但同时也与IOCG型矿床有一定的相似性,这进一步证明卡门铁矿床可能并非典型的夕卡岩矿床,其成矿可能与铁氧化物铜金(IOCG)型成矿过程岩浆热液活动密切相关,这与卡门铁矿床处于智利IOCG成矿带的地质事实一致。  相似文献   

10.
<正>铁钛氧化物在火成岩和变质岩中广泛存在,不仅具有重要的地磁学意义,还可以作为地质"温度计"和"氧逸度计"反映岩体的形成条件。铁钛氧化物在结晶时主要形成3个系列的固溶体,包括:1)立方晶系"尖晶石型"的磁铁矿(Fe2+Fe3+2O4)—钛铁晶石(Fe2+2Ti O4)固溶体;2)三方晶系"刚玉型"的赤铁矿(Fe2O3)—钛铁矿(Fe Ti O3)固溶体;3)正交晶系的"假板钛矿"系列固溶体Fe3+2Ti O5—Fe2+Ti2O5。人工合成实验证明  相似文献   

11.
In the Ilmenogorsk metamorphic complex, Southern Urals, the Archean gneissic core and Riphean-Vendian quartzite-schist framing are traditionally distinguished. The age of the latter is not reliably determined. There were speculations about its possible Paleozoic age. Those are partially confirmed by isotopic data. The quartzite in the upper part of the section of schist strata detrital mineral grains were found, and they are similar to accessory minerals of the Kisegach Massif granitoids occurring among quartzite. The granitoids demonstrated to form phases of various age. It is assumed that the oldest of them (predating folding) could be intruded synchronously with sedimentation and serve as porvenance for the quartzite. The most informative of these minerals is monazite. Microprobe analyses results on monazite from quartzite and granite are given. Their REE distribution is demonstrated to be similar. This confirms the possibility of the granitoid erosion at the time of quartz sandstone deposition. Since the K-Ar age of granitoids Kisegach Massif is 252 ± 8 Ma, it was concluded that the Kyshtym quartzite-schist unit of Ilmeny has about the same age.  相似文献   

12.
皖南南陵地区首次发现砷菱铅矾, 砷菱铅矾主要产于交代石英岩的含金氧化带中, 多与石英连生。主要伴生矿物是自然金、辰砂。X 射线粉晶衍射、化学分析和光学测定手段对该矿物进行了初步的矿物学研究。  相似文献   

13.
苗煦  史淼  王礼胜 《岩矿测试》2021,(4):522-531
石英岩质玉是一种市场上常见且产地较多的玉石品种,本文基于前人石英岩质玉的研究基础,通过常规宝石学测试、红外光谱测试、偏反光显微镜下观察,以及采用X射线粉晶衍射、X射线荧光光谱、电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对样品的宝石学特征、矿物组成进行分析,并对其成因进行讨论。结果表明:该地区黑色石英岩质玉多为中-细粒粒状结构,偏光显微镜观察可见多种变晶/变余结构;成分中主要矿物石英平均含量为44.7%,次要矿物云母、长石平均含量合计31.0%,黏土矿物平均含量为12.7%,另含有有机碳以及红柱石、铁铝榴石、黄铁矿等铁质矿物;结合样品结构、构造特征及矿物化学成分分析可知,样品为典型副变质岩系的中、低温热液交代型区域变质岩,属绿片岩相,原岩为富铝且富含石英、长石的沉积岩,其形成的构造环境属大陆边缘构造。本研究为该地区石英岩质玉的矿物组成鉴定提供了多手段技术支撑。  相似文献   

14.
超高压变质矿物的某些显微构造缺陷可能指示了岩石短暂和快速抬升过程。文中报道了中国大别山双河地区超高压硬玉石英岩矿物显微构造缺陷的透射电镜(TEM)和Fourier变换红外光谱(FTIR)的研究结果。用TEM研究方法,在硬玉石英岩中硬玉包裹体内发现了亚微米级天然蒙钠长石(MA,C2/m)、高钠长石(HA,C)和低钠长石(LA,C)三种多形变体。表明岩石在折返过程经历过高温变质作用(>930℃),以及退变质过程的快速冷却;在石英包裹体内发现了纳米级柯石英和石盐子矿物,提供了柯石英转变为石英以及峰期变质条件下高盐流体存在的证据。"名义上无水矿物"(NAMs)的结构水(OH/H2O)是以缺陷形式赋存于矿物结构中。FTIR分析结果显示硬玉、石榴石、金红石和石英中结构水的平均含量分别为1000×10-6、(900~1600)×10-6、>2000×10-6和<4×10-6,硬玉石英岩全岩含水量为(490~600)×10-6,表明在高压-超高压变质作用过程中,地壳或原岩中的水可以通过这些NAMs携带到地球深部。该类显微构造缺陷可能是大陆碰撞造山带在高应变速率下的局部弱化和深部断层作用的结果。  相似文献   

15.
The compressional and shear wave velocities in quarzite, granite, and granulite are determined at a fixed confining pressure of 2 kb as a function of temperature up to 720° C. The high-low quartz transition of the constituent quartz minerals is associated with a pronounced decrease in velocity of the compressional waves when approaching the transition and with a significant velocity increase after the transition. In contrast, the effect of the α-β transition on shear wave velocities is small. The drop of V P is explained by the elastic softening of structure of the constituent quartz minerals near the α-β transition and the opening of grain-boundary cracks, caused by the very high volumetric thermal expansion of the quartz relative to the other component minerals. The velocity increase in the β-field may be attributed to an elastic hardening of the quartz structure. Poisson ratios computed from the velocity data are anomalous for a solid: they become negative within the transition regime. The transition temperature, as indicated by the minimum velocities, is higher in the polycristalline rocks than is expected on grounds of single crystal behavior, and the discrepancy is more marked in granite than in quartzite. The shift of the transition temperature to higher values is explained by internal stresses that arise from the anisotropy of the thermal expansion and compressibility of individual grains and the differences in thermal expansion and compressibility between different component minerals. The role of the α-β quartz transition as a possible cause of low-velocity layers is discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Petrological evidence is provided for anatexis of ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic quartzite in the Sulu orogen. Some feldspar grains exhibit elongated, highly cuspate shapes or occur as interstitial, cuspate phases constituting interconnected networks along grain boundaries. Elongated veinlets composed of plagioclase + quartz ± K‐feldspar also occur in grain boundaries. These features provide compelling evidence for anatexis of the UHP quartzite. Zircon grains from impure quartzite are all metamorphic growth with highly irregular shape. They contain inclusions of coesite, jadeite, rutile and lower pressure minerals, including multiphase solid inclusions that are composed of two or more phases of muscovite, quartz, K‐feldspar and plagioclase. All zircon grains exhibit steep REE patterns, similar U–Pb ages and Hf isotope compositions with a weighted mean of 218 ± 2 Ma. Most grains have similar δ18O values of ?0.6 to 0.1‰, but a few fall in the range ?5.2 to ?4.3‰. Thus, these grains would have grown from anatectic melts at various pressures. Zircon O isotope differences indicate that anatectic melts were derived from different sources with contrasting O isotopes, but similar Hf isotopes, that is, one from the quartzite itself and the other probably from the country‐rock granitic gneiss. Zircon grains from pure quartzite contain relict magmatic cores and significant metamorphic overgrowths. Domains that contain eclogite facies minerals exhibit flat HREE patterns, no Eu anomalies and concordant U–Pb ages of c. 220 Ma. Similar U–Pb ages are also obtained for domains that contain lower pressure minerals and exhibit steep REE patterns and marked negative Eu anomalies. These observations indicate that zircon records subsolidus overgrowth at eclogite facies conditions but suprasolidus growth at lower pressures. Zircon enclosed by garnet gave consistent U–Pb ages of c. 214 Ma. Such garnet is interpreted as a peritectic product of the anatectic reaction that involves felsic minerals and possibly amphibole and titanite. The REE patterns of epidote and titanite also record multistage growth and metasomatism by anatectic melts. Therefore, the anatexis of UHP metamorphic rocks is evident during continental collision in the Triassic.  相似文献   

17.
Flexible quartzitic rocks are found in various locations around the world and have been identified as both sandstones and quartzites. The term itacolumite was first used for a Brazilian quartzite thought to be a new type of rock in 1822. As analytical methods have improved flexibility has been shown to be due to irregular interlocking quartz grains surrounded by regular intergranular spaces. Platy minerals such as muscovite are sometimes present and probably add support to the structure, but are not necessary for flexibility. The underlying cause of the texture appears to be chemical dissolution of quartz at the grain boundary.  相似文献   

18.
赵振明 《地质与勘探》2018,54(4):689-701
北山南部地区敦煌岩群广泛分布着铁矿化磁铁石英岩,这些铁矿化磁铁石英岩沿片岩顺层分布,长度几米到一百多米不等,宽几十厘米到两米左右,浅灰色到肉红色,具强磁性。为了研究这种石英岩的成因,笔者对新疆与甘肃的交界处白山西南侧这套地层的斜长角闪片岩中具有代表性的磁铁石英岩完整采集样品,样品具石英、磁铁矿、白云母、黑云母和绿泥石五种矿物,TFe为12.60%~12.70%。根据野外磁铁石英岩产出地质特征、室内显微镜薄片鉴定结果和电子探针检测各矿物特征,结合化学简项分析和岩石化学分析结果,发现本文研究的磁铁石英岩与国内外BIF(Banded iron formation)型磁铁石英岩不同,不具有沉积特征,可能为单纯变质成因。北山地区敦煌岩群这套古老变质地层可能经历了晚太古代、古元古代两次重要的变质事件,本文研究的铁矿化磁铁石英岩可能是在其中一次变质事件过程中形成的。这套变质地层是铁、铜、金等金属元素富集的含矿地层,具有极其重要的研究意义和找矿意义。  相似文献   

19.
钠长石玉是常见翡翠仿品之一,常与辉石类矿物共生形成不同组合的玉石品种.本次检测的样品为新的钠长石玉石品种,实验中采用常规珠宝检测设备、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)及X射线能谱仪(EDS)对样品的矿物组合进行分析.结果表明,样品的主要成分为钠长石与石英,白色部分为较纯净的石英,蓝绿色部分为钠长石,由于石英的质量分数超过了一定的范围,因此定名为石英-钠长石玉.在日常检测中,由不同矿物组成的样品检测及定名要加以注意.  相似文献   

20.
Abstract In the Su-Lu ultrahigh- P terrane, eastern China, many coesite-bearing eclogite pods and layers within biotite gneiss occur together with interlayered metasediments now represented by garnet-quartz-jadeite rock and kyanite quartzite. In addition to garnet + omphacite + rutile + coesite, other peak-stage minerals in some eclogites include kyanite, phengite, epidote, zoisite, talc, nyböite and high-Al titanite. The garnet-quartz-jadeite rock and kyanite quartzite contain jadeite + quartz + garnet + rutile ± zoisite ± apatite and quartz + kyanite + garnet + epidote + phengite + rutile ± omphacite assemblages, respectively. Coesite and quartz pseudomorphs after coesite occur as inclusions in garnet, omphacite, jadeite, kyanite and epidote from both eclogites and metasediments. Study of major elements indicates that the protolith of the garnet-quartz jadeite rock and the kyanite quartzite was supracrustal sediments. Most eclogites have basaltic composition; some have experienced variable 'crustal'contamination or metasomatism, and others may have had a basaltic tuff or pyroclastic rock protolith.
The Su-Lu ultrahigh- P rocks have been subjected to multi-stage recrystallization and exhibit a clockwise P-T path. Inclusion assemblages within garnet record a pre-eclogite epidote amphibolite facies metamorphic event. Ultrahigh- P peak metamorphism took place at 700–890° C and P >28 kbar at c . 210–230 Ma. The symplectitic assemblage plagioclase + hornblende ± epidote ± biotite + titanite implies amphibolite facies retrogressive metamorphism during exhumation at c . 180–200 Ma. Metasedimentary and metamafic lithologies have similar P-T paths. Several lines of evidence indicate that the supracrustal rocks were subducted to mantle depths and experienced in-situ ultrahigh- P metamorphism during the Triassic collision between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons.  相似文献   

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