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1.
The Mesozoic Anemzi intrusion belongs to the peri-Atlantic Mesozoic alkali magmatism. It is composed of gabbros (with or without olivine), monzodiorites and quartz-bearing syenites. Dolerite dykes of alcaline affinity occur nearby. The alkaline rocks are intrusive into mid-Jurassic limestones. Liquidus phases crystallised following the characteristic order of alkali magmas, i.e. olivine + spinel, plagioclase, clinopyroxene and amphibole. Clinopyroxene and amphibole compositions are governed by Ti-tschermakite substitutions. Clinopyroxene and amphibole in syenites are enriched in aegirine and richterite components, respectively. The mineralogical and chemical evolution in the Anemzi intrusion is consistent with low-pressure fractional crystallisation from an alkali lava under low to moderate fO2 (MW + [1 − 2 log units]). However, the parental liquid shows some geochemical characteristics of transitional magma, such as a high SiO2 content (48 wt%) and low La/YbN ratio (5). Silica activity decreased from the parental magma (0.56) to 0.08 after fractionation of the gabbros and then increased to 1.0 at the end of the magmatic differentiation. Compared with rocks of similar ages, belonging to the peri-Atlantic Cretaceous alkaline magmatism, the Anemzi intrusion is distinguished by low REE contents ([La/Yb]N = 6) and transitional basalt(s) as parental magma. This magma was emplaced through reactivation of Palæozoic fault systems. 相似文献
2.
The igneous alkaline rocks at Elchuru start from a parent ijolite-melteigite association to basic malignite, melalusitanite and shonkinite followed by nepheline syenites and then biotite lamprophyres (as dykes) at the waning phase of the evolutionary course of the complex. The distinct alkalinity of the rocks is manifested by the development of modal nepheline and calcic amphibole (kaersutite). For both the basic rocks,i.e. alkali gabbro and biotite lamprophyre, the percentages of normative nepheline are always higher than modal nepheline, indicating silica deficiency and alkali enrichment of the mafics. It is evident from detailed petrological and geochemical studies that the two basic members are very much akin to each other and there is no major deviation in their bulk chemistry. 相似文献
3.
Abhishek Saha Sohini Ganguly Jyotisankar Ray Nilanjan Chaterjee 《Journal of Earth System Science》2010,119(5):675-699
The Samchampi-Samteran alkaline complex occurs as a plug-like pluton within the Precambrian granite gneisses of Mikir Hills,
Assam, northeastern India and it is genetically related to Sylhet Traps. The intrusive complex is marked by dominant development
of syenite within which ijolitemelteigite suite of rocks is emplaced with an arcuate outcrop pattern. Inliers of alkali pyroxenite
and alkali gabbro occur within this ijolite-melteigite suite of rocks. The pluton is also traversed by younger intrusives
of nepheline syenite and carbonatite. Development of sporadic, lumpy magnetite ore bodies is also recorded within the pluton.
Petrographic details of the constituent lithomembers of the pluton have been presented following standard nomenclatorial rules.
Overall pyroxene compositions range from diopside to aegirine augite while alkali feldspars are typically orthoclase and plagioclase
in syenite corresponds to oligoclase species. Phase chemistry of nepheline is suggestive of Na-rich alkaline character of
the complex. Biotite compositions are typically restricted to a uniform compositional range and they belong to ‘biotite’ field
in the relevant classification scheme. Garnets (developed in syenite and melteigite) typically tend to be Ti-rich andradite,
which on a closer scan can be further designated as melanites. Opaque minerals mostly correspond to magnetite. Use of Lindsley’s
pyroxene thermometric method suggests an equilibration temperature from ∼450°–600°C for melteigite/alkali gabbro and ∼400°C
for syenite. Critical assessment of other thermometric methods reveals a temperature of equilibration of ∼700°–1350°C for
ijolite-melteigite suite of rocks in contrast to a relatively lower equilibration temperature of ∼600°C for syenite. Geobarometric
data based on pyroxene chemistry yield an equilibration pressure of 5.32–7.72 kb for ijolite, melteigite, alkali pyroxenite,
alkali gabbro and nepheline syenite. The dominant syenite member of the intrusive plug records a much higher (∼11 kb) equilibration
pressure indicating a deeper level of intrusion. Major oxide variations of constituent lithomembers with respect to differentiation
index (D.I.) corroborate a normal magmatic differentiation. A prominent role of liquid immiscibility is envisaged from field
geological, petrographic and petrochemical evidences. Tectonic discrimination diagrams involving clinopyroxene chemistry strongly
suggest within plate alkaline affinity for the parental magma which is in conformity with the regional plume tectonics. 相似文献
4.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(8):695-710
Magmatism in central Anatolia is characterized by petrographically and chemically distinct granitic and syenitic rocks. The granitic magmatism comprises C-type (crustal-derived) and H-type (hybrid) monzogranites and monzonites. Garnet-bearing C-type leucogranites represent the oldest magmatic phase, but younger hornblende ± biotite ± K-feldspar H-type plutons dominate the geology of the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC). These typically include mafic microgranular enclaves. The granitic magmatism predates syenitic intrusions, among which quartz-bearing syenites were emplaced prior to feldspathoid-bearing ones. The nature of magmatism in central Anatolia varies through time from peraluminous to metaluminous to alkaline. These different magma types reflect distinct stages of postcollisional magmatism, in which interaction between crust and mantle varied considerably. The C-type granites of the early stages of postcollisional magmatism were likely derived by partial melting of the lower continental crust induced by mafic magma underplating as a result of lithospheric delamination. The H-type granites and syenites of the mature and advanced stages of postcollisional magmatism indicate a significant contribution from mande-derived magma within a continuous or episodic extensional tectonic regime. 相似文献
5.
Alkaline lamprophyre dykes from Taourirt (North Morocco) containnumerous xenoliths, ranging from alkaline pyroxenites, kaersutitites,gabbros and nepheline syenites to a calcite carbonatite. Thesilicate xenoliths and the host rocks consist of Al- and Ti-richdiopside–salite, mica or kaersutitite, ± nepheline,± plagioclase and K-feldspar, and ubiquitous apatite.Both the xenoliths and the lamprophyres are enriched in incompatibleelements. The chemical composition of the lamprophyres cannotbe accounted for by fractional crystallization alone. Moreover,the clinopyroxenes exhibit complex zoning, which requires repeatedmixing of pulses of more or less fractionated melts. The carbonatiteis a sövite cumulate with Sr-rich calcite, pyrochlore,fluorapatite, and rare salite. The Sr–Nd isotopic compositionsof the Taourirt rocks indicate a depleted mantle source, thecarbonatite having the most depleted composition, and definea linear trend similar to that of the East African carbonatites.The different rocks thus represent unrelated magmas, and thetrend is interpreted as mixing between two components with HIMUand EM1 mantle end-member signatures. An EM2 mantle componentcould also be involved for a few samples; it may correspondto hydrous metasomatized mantle of the PP–PKP (phlogopiteand phlogopite K-richterite peridotite) and MARID (mica, amphibole,rutile, ilmenite and diopside) type. KEY WORDS: alkaline magmatism; carbonatite; Morocco; REE; Sr–Nd isotopes 相似文献
6.
Summary The Shillong Plateau of northeastern India hosts four Early Cretaceous (105–107Ma) ultramafic-alkaline-carbonatite complexes (UACC), which have been associated with the Kerguelen plume igneous activity. Petrological and geochemical characteristics of one of these UACC, the Sung Valley, are presented. The Sung Valley UACC was emplaced in to the Proterozoic Shillong Group of rocks and consists of ultramafics (serpentinized peridotite, pyroxenite, and melilitolite), alkaline rocks (ijolite and nepheline syenite), and carbonatites. Serpentinized peridotite, pyroxenite, and ijolitic rocks form the major part of the complex, the others constitute less than 5% of the total volume. Ijolite and melilitolite intrude peridotite and pyroxenite, while nepheline syenite and carbonatite intrude the ultramafic rocks as well as ijolite. Mineralogically, the carbonatites are classified as calcite carbonatite with minor apatite, phlogopite, pyrochlore and ilmenite. The serpentinized peridotites are wehrlitic. Chemical compositions of the silicate rocks do not show a distinct co-genetic relationship amongst them, nor do they show any geochemical relationships with the carbonatites. No noticeable fractionation trend is observed on the chemical variation diagrams of these rocks. It is difficult to establish the genetic evolution of the Sung Valley UACC through fractional crystallization of nephelinitic magma or through immiscible liquids. On the basis of petrological and geochemical data and previously published isotopic results from these rocks, it is suggested that they have been derived from a primary carbonate magma generated by the low-degree melting of a metasomatized mantle peridotite. 相似文献
7.
笔架山东基性—超基性岩体位于塔里木板块东北部的新疆北山地区,是笔架山岩带中最东边的一个岩体,岩体形态为椭圆状,出露面积约5 km2.由含长单辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉长岩、含橄辉长岩、辉长岩以及辉绿岩组成.含橄榄石较多的岩石属拉斑玄武岩系列,而辉长岩属钙碱性系列.岩相学、岩石化学和微量元素地球化学特征表明岩浆演化过程中经历了橄榄石、辉石、斜长石的分离结晶作用.Nd、Sr、Pb同位素组成和岩石地球化学特征反映出岩浆与围岩之间存在物质交换.笔架山东岩体的岩浆源区为OIB型地幔源区,原生岩浆为高镁拉斑玄武岩浆[w(MgO)=11.2％],这些性质与塔里木板块东北部其他基性-超基性岩体的特征相似,表明塔里木板块东北部二叠纪基性—超基性岩体的源区主要为OIB型地幔,可能与地幔柱有关. 相似文献
8.
Anorogenic magmatic complexes were formed during protoplatformal evolution of the Keivy structure. This evolution ended with
development of aluminous schists, which were derived by deep disintegration and redeposition of the rocks from the lower parts
of the sequence and surrounding of the structure. The anorogenic rocks of the region are represented by the following magmatic
complexes: gabbro-labradorite-latite-monzonite-granites; ophitic gabbro and gabbrodiabases; quartz syenite-alkaline granites;
alkaline and nepheline syenites. The magmatic activity of this period, starting from the emplacement of gabbrolabradorite
massifs and ending with alkaline and nepheline syenite bodies, was caused by ascent of mantle asthenolith, which destructed
the Earth’s crust basement in this area. The anorogenic magmatism of the Keivy structure lasted for no more than few or few
tens of million years. The granitoid subcomplex of the gabbro-labradorite-latite-monzonite-granite complex is dated at 2674
± 6 Ma, which is comparable with an age of alkaline granites of the Ponoy and Beliye Tundry massifs (2673 ± 6 Ma). The considered
complexes are separated in time by intrusion of amphibole-biotite plagiomicrocline granites with an age of 2667 ± 8 Ma. Gabbrolabradorites
of the Shchuch’e Ozero and Tsaga massifs have close ages (2663 ± 7 and 2668 ± 10 Ma, respectively, Bayanova, 2004), but were
formed earlier than granitoids (Bayanova, 2004). Formation of alkaline syenites of the Sakharijok I Massif, which finalized
the Neoarchean anorogenic magmatism of the region, falls in the same interval. During Paleoproterozoic transformations, the
rocks of the Keivy structure were sheared and uranium was introduced in the contact zones of the alkaline granite massifs,
which caused formation of palingenetic melts and subsequent formation of pegmatites in the outer contact zones of the granite
bodies. 相似文献
9.
Mineralogy and Petrology of Nepheline Syenites from the Coldwell Alkaline Complex, Ontario, Canada 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nepheline natrolite syenites of Center 2 of the Coldwell alkalinecomplex exhibit rare wispy mafic-rich modal layering, extensivexenolith-rich zones and a wide variety of textural types, thelatter resulting from the imposition of high temperature shearingand recrystallization on consolidated syenite. The texturesdeveloped range from allotriomorphic granular to porphyroclasticto mosaic granulob-lastic. The nepheline syenites are pyroxene-poor.Pyroxenes occur most commonly as corroded diopside to diopsidichedenbergite cores surrounded by amphibole and less commonlyas acmitic hedenbergite overgrowths upon cores of iron-richamphiboles. Amphiboles are the dominant mafic phase and rangefrom magnesian hastingsitic hornblende to hastingsite to hastingsitichornblende to ferroedentic hornblende. Nephelines contain excesssilica and have not equilibrated to compositions characteristicof low temperatures. Feldspars lack microcline twinning andperthites and have undergone extensive ion exchange at highsub-solidus temperatutes with sodium-rich fluids. Formationof late stage primary and replacement natrolite, muscovite andthomsonite is characteristic. The nepheline syenites are consideredto be a part of a cycle of continental rift magmatism and tohave been emplaced by cauldron subsidence as a hot hydrous magma.The rocks did not undergo long term subsolidus re-equilibrationas the high temperature mineral assemblage has been preservedby uplift during post-intrusive regional block faulting. Thenepheline syenites were probably dervied by extensive fractionalcrystallization of alkali basaltic magmas. 相似文献
10.
Fission track dating,thermal histories and tectonics of igneous intrusions in East Greenland 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Fission track ages have been measured for 12 sphenes, 18 zircons and 25 apatites separated largely from Lower Tertiary magmatic rocks of East Greenland, with a few examples from Caledonian rocks. The sphene and zircon ages of Caledonian rocks agree with other radiometric ages but apatite is strongly discordant indicating that these rocks cooled very slowly over a 200 m.y. period. It was not until the Permian/Lower Jurassic that they finally cooled below 100 ° C, possibly as a consequence of uplift and erosion at this time in connection with extensive rifting. No evidence of a Tertiary imprint has been found in these rocks.Layered gabbros, such as Skaergaard, were emplaced at about the same time (ca. 54 m.y.) as the latest plateau basalts. Some evidence of syenitic activity from this period occurs in the Angmagssalik area ca. 400 km to the south but the syenites of Kangerdlugssuaq cluster around 50 m.y. The Gardiner ultramafic alkaline complex and some of the offshore gabbros apparently also were emplaced at about 50 m.y. Late dykes in the Kangerdlugssuaq area were emplaced over a considerable time span (43-34 m.y.) in keeping with their variable petrographic character, and the Kialineq centre was formed at 36.2±0.4 m.y.Intrusions of the Masters Vig area differ in age. Kap Simpson and Kap Parry to the northeast were emplaced around 40 m.y. whereas the Werner Bjerge complex is the youngest igneous activity so far identified in Greenland with an age of 30.3±1.3 m.y.Many apatites give strongly discordant ages of about 36 m.y. and these are concentrated in the area of a major domal uplift centred on Kangerdlugssuaq. The uplift is older than these ages but on field evidence post-dates the basalts. It probably formed in conjunction with alkaline magmatism at ca. 50 m.y. Cooling below ca. 200 ° was slow for these intrusions and was probably controlled by a number of factors including erosion of the dome, high heat flow caused by continuing dyke injection and regional plateau uplift. The last is believed to have taken place about 35 m.y. ago at the time of emplacement of the Kialineq plutons and last dykes. Renewed rapid erosion and declining heat flow at this time led to rapid cooling of the rocks now at the surface to below 100 °. 相似文献