共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 968 毫秒
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Oktay Canbaz Önder Gürsoy Ahmet Gökce 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2018,91(4):483-488
Remote sensing technology and its terrestrial components are more useful than classical geological investigation in mineral exploration and mapping the hydrothermal alteration areas and help to investigate larger areas in short time. Intrusive and volcanic rocks, namely Kösedag syenite and Karatas volcanics in Kösedag (Zara) area shows argillic alteration zones. Two different test area were chosen and sampled for mineralogical studies. XRD-CF investigations showed that kaolinite and illite are the dominant clay minerals in test areas of A and B respectively. The spectroradiometer measurements were carried out 5 times on different surfaces of clayey samples with self-illuminated contact-probe lens within the wavelength range of 350-2500 nm. The spectroradiometer measurements used as endmember were resampled to ASTER short wave infrared (SWIR) bandwidths. Band ratio, principal component and decorrelation stretching analysis were performed to visualize the distribution of clay minerals. In spectral classification method, matched filtering (MF) was used for integrating the satellite image and spectroradiometer measurement data. It was concluded that co-interpretations of the band ratio, principal component, decorrelation stretching analysis, MF results and geological map are very useful in determining, classifying and mapping of the argillic alteration zones related to hydrothermal processes on ASTER image and they seem to be very useful to identify the target areas for mineral exploration. 相似文献
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This study demonstrates the use of ASTER data for the mapping of gypsum deposits and associated geological formations that occurred in the Thumrait region of southern Oman. The measurement of spectra over samples of gypsum in the 1,300–2,500 nm wavelength using a PIMA spectrometer showed the presence of distinct absorptions at 1400–1600, 1750, 1940, 2,100, and 2,400 nm characteristics to O? H stretching, H2O combinations, and S? O bending overtones and stretching, respectively. Studying the unique spectral absorption characters of gypsum samples, we developed a false color composite (FCC) and an image by decorrelation stretch using the spectral bands 7, 3, and 2 of ASTER. The results FCC showed the regions of gypsum occurrences, and the decorrelated image discriminated the gypsum occurrences from other geological formations of the area. The study of surface mineralogy of the region using the VNIR‐SWIR bands by the spectral angle mapper method showed the presence of sulfate, carbonate, and clay minerals of the geological formations in the study area. We compared the results of ASTER with the results obtained using spectral bands 12, 8, and 4 of Sentinel‐2A processed by the same methods. The study showed that the spectral bands of ASTER can be used for mapping the gypsum and associated geological formations. 相似文献
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Mohammed H. T. Qari 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2011,4(1-2):13-24
The main task of this article is the evaluation of the IHS color transformation fusion, color composite ratios, and principal component analysis techniques for lithologic discrimination of the basement rocks exposed at Buwatah area, Western Arabian Shield, Saudi Arabia. Landsat ETM+ images were prepared and used to perform this task using PCI Geomatica software. IHS fusion technique was conducted through four main processing steps: (1) registration of the multispectral image (7, 4, and 2 in RGB) to the panchromatic image and then resample it to the same spatial resolution as that of the panchromatic image; (2) transformation of the three multispectral bands from RGB to IHS space; (3) substitution of the intensity value from the high spatial resolution panchromatic band; and finally (4) back transformation to RGB. The band ratios 5/7, 3/1, and 4/3 displayed in RGB, respectively, were used to produce the color composite ratio image. The first principal component (PC1), the second principal component (PC2), and the third principal component (PC3), displayed in RGB, respectively, were used to construct the color composite principal component image. The resultant images successfully discriminated the exposed rock units in the study area and a lithologic map has been constructed that is subjected to precise field verification. The stratigraphy of the area under consideration starts with metavolcanics and associated volcaniclastics as an oldest rock unit, followed by granodiorite–diorite, pink granite, biotite granite, acidic and basic dykes, and Cenozoic volcanics. A new rock unit (biotite granite) has been introduced that was not represented in previous mapping of the considered sector. The biotite granite is verified by field and petrographical studies. 相似文献
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内蒙古红石山地区位于东天山—兴安成矿带内,具有良好的成矿条件,但其位于荒漠戈壁,自然条件恶劣,基础地质研究程度低,因此利用遥感手段进行多金属找矿勘查具有重要意义。采用OLI数据,选择掩膜+无损线性拉伸+特征向量主成分变换+异常切割+异常滤波的方法,提取铁染、羟基等矿化异常信息;选择假彩色合成及线性拉伸,提取断裂构造信息。综合多元信息进行找矿预测,共圈定2处找矿远景区。本次研究对其中1处区域进行进一步重点勘查。重点勘查区域采用高分辨率PLEIADES数据,选择图像融合、彩色合成、直方图拉伸等方法,进一步圈定巨型石英脉体。在重点勘查区域进行野外查证,发现了多处矿化点。此次研究表明综合使用中分辨率OLI数据和高分辨率PLEIADES数据,可以大大提升地质找矿效率,对未来该地区进一步找矿勘查具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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研究区位于西藏罗布莎地区,其罗布莎蛇绿岩体蕴藏着我国目前规模最大的铬铁矿床。以WorldView-2高空间分辨率遥感数据为基本信息源,对研究区进行遥感地质解译。与传统多光谱数据ETM+、ASTER等相比,WorldView-2具有更高的空间分辨率和相对较窄且连续的光谱。对研究区WorldView-2图像进行正射校正、大气校正和影像融合后,采用最佳指数法选择8-6-4波段组合进行假彩色合成,同时结合真彩色5-3-2波段,突出各地质体单元色调差异。我们利用其空间分辨率优势建立区内主要岩性和构造的高空间分辨率遥感解译标志。通过野外地质验证,解译结果充分显示了WorldView-2高分辨率影像在海拔较高、工作环境恶劣地区进行矿产资源勘查的技术优势和应用前景。 相似文献
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遥感技术广泛应用于地质基础调查、矿产资源勘探、环境评估和地质灾害调查等方面。它已从多光谱发展到高光谱阶段,Landsat- 8是目前最具有代表性和最常用的多光谱数据,ASTER具有高的分辨率和多波段特征,资源一号02D(ZY1- 02D)卫星是我国2019年发射的高光谱业务卫星。为了更好地了解多源遥感数据在岩矿识别中的作用,在新疆东天山卡拉麦里地区进行了相关研究。结果表明：Landsat- 8 OLI的PCA变换结果清晰识别了研究区不同的岩性和地层;使用Landsat- 8 OLI、ASTER和ZY1- 02D高光谱数据,分别采取不同的图像端元提取方法,在进行光谱分析的基础上,利用光谱角填图（SAM）即可得到研究区的主要矿物分类图件。通过野外验证,应用GIS技术进行集成和分析,修正相关图件后,便得到了精准的矿物分类综合图。研究表明：多源遥感数据的集成在岩矿识别方面效果良好、前景巨大。 相似文献
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本文基于数学分析和几何解析，结合ＴＩＭＳ图像的信息特征，对去相关扩展图像处理方法的机理进行了综合分析。分析结果表明，去相关扩展增强了原始图像中相关程度较低的那部分信息，增大了地物的光谱反差，提高了图像的地质解译效果。笔者结合局部地区的研究成果，说明经去相关扩展处理后的ＴＩＭＳ图像可提供详细、准确的岩石地层单元信息，是当前大比例尺遥感地质填图和区域找矿的一种有效新手段。 相似文献
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基于影像的多源地学数据融合处理及应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对地学数据空间性、多源性和多解性的特点,提出了基于影像色觉原理的多源地学数据融合方法.融合的关键是地学信息的图像化,在云南镇康县芦子园地区多源地学数据融合处理中,根据不同时代地层对成矿的贡献,按重要性量化为256级的灰度值,实现地层数据的图像化;物化探异常通过插值生成栅格数据实现图像化;然后,利用图像化的地层、重力、化探、线环构造和遥感影像数据进行RGB合成,通过HIS变换进行多源地学数据融合.融合后的图像能充分显示研究区地层-构造-岩浆复合控矿特征,对进一步的找矿勘探有重要意义. 相似文献
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基于野外资料和Google Earth影像的地质信息识别与提取方法——以塔里木盆地西克尔奥陶系古岩溶露头为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以塔里木盆地西克尔奥陶系古岩溶露头为研究对象,根据高精度GPS野外定点和Google Earth影像数据的结合,明确了岩溶地质现象在影像图上的响应特征,进而提取定量化的古岩溶信息数据,经过数据处理建立了古岩溶地质模型。本项研究证实了基于野外资料和Google Earth影像的地质信息识别与提取方法的可行性,也表明了该方法能够实现对未开展露头考察的影像图直接提取相应地质信息和采集定量化数据。通过利用这些数据建立岩溶储层地质模型,结合野外资料,综合分析岩溶储层发育的控制因素,进而客观地理解地下岩溶储层特征及分布规律,能够为勘探开发提供有效指导。 相似文献
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新疆乌什北山填图试点项目充分发挥遥感技术的先导作用,探索1:50000高山峡谷区填图方法。不同分辨率遥感数据在岩性、构造解译等方面的差异表明多源遥感数据综合解译能有效提高解译程度。研究认为同一遥感数据最佳波段组合图像、Landsat-8和Worldview-2数据协同图像增强了对岩性和构造识别的能力。高光谱遥感矿物填图和岩性分类、基于ASTER热红外遥感数据的岩石化学成分填图等是高山峡谷区填图有效技术方法。利用ETM和ASTER数据开展矿化蚀变信息提取,结果表明ASTER较ETM数据在铁染异常、羟基异常等提取方面具有更大的优势。分析认为多元信息综合预测是区域找矿的重要途径。根据乌什北山地质地貌特征,选择其中有效技术方法或技术方法组合开展1:50000地质填图,结果显示在减少剖面测制和路线地质调查数量的同时,达到了填图精度,并取得了若干重要研究成果,为区域构造演化和成矿规律分析总结提供了资料支撑。 相似文献
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新疆乌什县北山1:50000填图试点项目位于塔里木盆地西北边缘和西南天山交接部位,海拔较高,地形切割较深,属于典型的高山峡谷区。利用ASTER、SPOT6、GF-2等多源遥感数据,基于典型岩性光谱吸收特征,进行岩性差异信息增强与提取研究,总结出一套基于多源遥感数据进行岩性单元边界划分的方法。以ASTER数据、ASTER与SPOT6协同数据、ASTER与GF-2协同数据等为基础影像数据,并选择最佳波段组合进行RGB彩色合成,从而增强影像差异,结合已有研究区地质资料,初步圈定不同影像单元边界;继而利用矿物丰度指数、SMACC端元丰度提取等方法识别研究区内主要岩性的分布位置和范围;最后结合野外实际调查数据,依据实际地质背景和影像质量进行筛选,获得最终的岩性单元解译图。研究结果为该区进一步进行地层优化划分及对比提供了参考资料。 相似文献
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藏南拉轨岗日变质核杂岩带三层结构的影像证据及意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
拉轨岗日变质核杂岩带是喜马拉雅造山带的组成部分,从几何学角度查明其结构是该变质核杂岩带研究的一个重要内容。利用遥感技术来宏观地研究该变质核杂岩带的空间结构及物质组成,是对野外调研成果的有效验证和有益补充。从遥感图像信息提取的结果可以看出,变质核、过渡带及盖层在色调(色彩)、空间形态、水系类型与分布状况、影纹图案等各个方面均存在不同程度的差异。这些光谱及空间特征的综合使得变质核杂岩的三层结构被清晰地显现出来,尤其是过渡带的弱信息也在有TM6加入的K-L变换等图像处理手段中被有效地提取出来,从而更确切地证明该变质核杂岩带具有三层结构。同时,结合已有资料从遥感信息机理方面探讨三层结构各自的物质组成及其演变,为西部地区深入分析区域地质构造提供了一种有效的方法。 相似文献
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豫东平原区勘探手段多样，地质资料丰富，通过对豫东平原区重力场、磁力场、地震反射波等地球物理特征综合分析，并进行联合反演及钻探资料对比一区域地质研究和综合地质解释的成果表明，该区构造型式多样．挤压式、伸展式、走滑式均有表现，但以伸展式断裂为主；构造线可见三组发育方向，近EW向构造形成最早，NNE-NE向构造形成最晚，而NW向构造则介于二者之间，且具有左行平移走滑性质；该区总体恪局为“两坳夹一隆”，即开封坳陷、周口坳陷、通许隆起，其煤炭资源丰富，埋藏深度变化较大；隆、坳中发育很多结构不同的次级凸起和凹陷，正确认识这些隆、坳中的次级构造单元及结构，是预测找矿的关键。 相似文献
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In recent years, the Neoproterozoic Huqf Supergroup formations of the Oman Salt Basins have been the target for oil exploration. The present study maps the surficial exposure of the Huqf Supergroup in and around Khufai Dome of the Huqf area in the Sultanate of Oman using low-cost multi-spectral remotely sensed satellite data and image processing methods such as decorrelation stretching, principal component analysis (PCA) and spectral angle mapper (SAM), as alternative to expensive and time-consuming tools, which have the capability and potential to be used by geoscientists for oil exploration. In this research, the study of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) spectral bands 8, 3 and 1 by decorrelation stretching well discriminated the Masirah Bay, the Khufai, the Shuram and the Buah Formations of the Nafun Group, the source rocks of Huqf Supergroup with the Quaternary deposits. The analysis of visible and near infrared–shortwave infrared spectral bands of ASTER by PCA clearly showed the occurrence and spatial distribution of such formations in the RGB principal component images (R:PC1, G:PC2, B:PC3). The spatial distributions of such formations are assessed by confusion matrix after using maximum likelihood (ML), spectral angle mapper (SAM) and spectral information divergence (SID) algorithms. The matrix of ML algorithm has provided the best overall accuracy of 92.93% and kappa coefficient of 0.92. The minerals of the formations were detected by SAM. Further, the detection of such mineral groups was confirmed through the ASTER thermal infrared (TIR) spectral indices image developed using the carbonate index (CI), quartz index (QI), and mafic index (MI). All results of image analyses are evaluated in the field and laboratory studies. The study also evaluates the satellite data and image processing methods for the formations of Jabal Akhdar, the equivalent formations of the Khufai Dome, to show the sensor capability and the use of the image processing methods to study the source rocks. The results of the study provided similar discriminations comparable to the Khufai Dome. Therefore, the data and the techniques are recommended to the exploration geologists for use in similar regions of the world. 相似文献
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贵州处于中国西南喀斯特的腹心地带,属岩溶高原山区,生态环境背景复杂,地表切割剧烈,海拔落差大,坡度较陡,同时地处季风气候区还伴有常年多云多雨现象,因此卫星遥感数据质量常受到严重影响。文章以贵州南部平塘县四寨镇为例,主要针对IRS-P6卫星遥感影像的多光谱4,3,2波段与其全色PAN波段之间的融合,运用比值变换、主成分分析法（PCA）、乘法变换和IHS变换四种常见融合方法进行对比分析,并对融合后的影像进行主观定性评价和客观定量评价。研究表明IHS融合法效果相对最好,在保持原多光谱影像光谱信息的同时,大大提高了影像的空间分辨率,改善了图像的目视效果,清晰度和纹理细节表现力也得到了较大的提高,是一种适宜于亚热带喀斯特高原地区的融合方法,对解决喀斯特高原山区受雨云天气条件限制难以获取高质量影像的问题有重要意义。 相似文献
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利用新疆北部山区雷达遥感数据,通过遥感数字图像处理与增强,生成雷达遥感假彩色合成影像应用于岩性判释。对不同岩性岩石,利用极化雷达提供的地表岩石的多种散射信息作为输入进行计算机神经网络分类,岩性识别分类的总精度为62.6%。与常规雷达数据分类对比,分类精度与岩石识别正确率均有显著提高。 相似文献
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《China Geology》2022,5(4):614-625
Landsat 8 Oli, ASTER, and Sentinel 2A satellite images processing was used to map geological formations, lineaments and hydrothermal alteration minerals in the Aouli inlier, as a case study to illustrate the application of digital images processing and Geographic Information System (GIS) in geological mapping and mining prospecting. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied to the Landsat images allowed good lithological discrimination and contributed to the updating of available geological maps. The Automatic lineament extraction from Sentinel images revealed the main tectonic structures affecting Aouli inlier. The ratio bands (b5+b7)/b6 and the false color composite (b4/b6, b2/b1, b3/b2) allowed the hydrothermal alteration minerals mapping from Aster images. Combined with available geological data and field observations, the satellite derived data were integrated and analyzed in a GIS software to establish mining prospecting guides. The results showed that the anomaly zones are intimately linked to NNE –SSW and NW –SE oriented faults and to highly fractured areas developing argillic and Fe rich alterations. Verified via field survey, this approach was successfully applied to the Aouli inlier to rapidly target potential areas to be explored in the tactical phase. This provides a model for future prospecting efforts for similar mineral deposits in other areas.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office. 相似文献