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1.
The geology of the Sicilian mainland is summarized by N–S geological sections. A continuous late Cenozoic orogenic belt through central and western Sicily resulted from a complex deformative history, recorded by several tectonic events. The deformation mainly involved the sedimentary cover of the old African continental margin, formed in a large basinal area, bordered at its southern margin by a shallow-water carbonate environment attached to Gondwana. The orogenic belt involves a complex architecture of thrust systems, of different size, geometry and palaeogeographical origin. Deformation, which mainly developed in the earlier stages of thrusting in the basinal rock assemblages, mainly gave rise to a stack of three different duplex structures, respectively, composed of Palaeozoic, Mesozoic–Palaeogene and Neogene strata. Large-scale clockwise rotation of the thrusts predated transpressional movements in the hinterland during the latest Miocene to Pliocene. High- angle reverse faults, with lateral components, modified earlier tectonic contacts within the allochthons. Contemporaneous southwards- directed imbrications affected the external southern areas, progressively incorporating foreland and piggyback basirts. The stratigraphic relationships of basin-fills to the tectonic structures reveals that reactivation processes have been active during the last Plio-Pleistocene. 相似文献
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扬子北缘复合构造带位于秦岭—大别造山带南缘与扬子板块北缘之间,由桐柏—大别造山带、武汉—怀宁断褶带、九岭—江南隆起带、瑞昌—铜陵断褶带和大冶—宿松对接带等构造单元组成,是中生代不同时期构造体制叠加,不同方向构造复合、联合的结果。该复合构造带北侧的桐柏—大别山南缘构造带和武汉—怀宁前陆断褶带由北向南逆冲,主要形成于晚印支期,是特提斯构造体制作用的产物; 而南侧的九岭—江南隆起带和瑞昌—铜陵断褶带,则由南向北逆冲,主要形成于早燕山期,是太平洋构造体制作用的产物,同时北侧的大别山南缘构造带和前陆断褶带受到影响,再次活动; 位于该复合构造带中部的大冶—宿松对接带是上述不同构造体制下,不同方向应力叠加,多期构造形迹复合最终形成的复杂构造带。所以,扬子北缘复合构造带是特提斯构造体制与太平洋构造体制转换的产物,是中下扬子两大构造体系转换的经典记录。 相似文献
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The orogenic belts encircling the present-day Adriatic Sea are the deformed Mesozoic continental margin of an area known as Adria, the outline of which began to take shape during Middle Triassic continental rifting. Early Jurassic oceanic rifting was usually close to, but not coincident with, sites of earlier continental rifting. The Triassic rifted zones were usually incorporated into the continental margin of Adria, profoundly influencing its subsequent development. The Mesozoic platform/basin morphology of this margin can be correlated along the length of the belt.Palaeomagnetic data from autochthonous outcrops of the foreland of Adria do not indicate relative rotation and moreover suggest that this foreland has moved in coordination with Africa since the Early Mesozoic. Seismic soundings indicate that thick Mesozoic sedimentary sequences which can be correlated with sections on the African platform are continuous beneath the eastern Mediterranean seas. The concept of Adria as having behaved as a promontory of the African plate is tested by correlation of the main tectonic events in the belt with the spreading history of the Atlantic. The simplest model which adequately accounts for available data comprises a continuous Mesozoic continental margin from the Magrebids of Tunisia, through the Apennines, Alps, Dinarides and Hellenides to the alpine belt of Turkey. This margin was the southern margin of the Mesozoic Tethys and its foreland was more or less continuous with the African platform. Some structural and geochemical features of the double ophiolitic belt on the eastern side of Adria may be explained in terms of more external oceanic branches giving a more diversified continental margin of Adria. The present undulations of the Periadriatic belt are mainly a product of Late Cretaceous to recent deformation, which severely modified the shape of this margin by continental collision and by subsequent development of back-arc features. 相似文献
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中扬子区东缘侏罗纪末期—白垩纪早期,受大洪山推覆区南西方向和江南雪峰逆冲推覆区北西方向的强烈挤压,形成了压扭性狭长的对冲构造体系; 两大推覆区的形成主要受深、浅变质岩结晶基底内幕两套拆离滑脱层系的作用,导致沉积盖层压缩沿基底面、志留系底面、泥盆系底面多层次滑脱推覆,产生了多样的挤压和压扭构造类型及其样式; 由造山带向盆内构造变形具有渐变的特点,为不对称式的仰冲(根带)—楔状掩冲(中带)—滑脱推覆(锋带)—对冲带; 持续压扭作用导致产生系列北东向左行走滑断裂将对冲构造体系分割; 白垩纪晚期—下第三纪,挤压转换为伸展环境,断裂负反转回滑成为中新生代断陷主控断裂,认为大洪山推覆区锋带已处于通海口—杨林尾—汉南一线,主体由于受洪湖走滑断裂和通海口断裂回滑的影响,接受了上白垩统—第四系沉积,仅保留了东、西两端弧形构造带古生界出露的构造面貌。 相似文献
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湘桂地区中新生代走滑断裂系统对铀成矿的控制作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
湘桂地区是我国的重要铀成矿区之一。该区自中生代末期以来进入了全新的陆内走滑作用阶段,并经历了两次重大的构造转换,即晚三叠纪末至侏罗纪末的会聚走滑和白垩纪至第三纪早期的离散走滑。三条NNE向的主走滑断裂(PDZ)和一系列NE向的同向右侧列走滑断层(P)以及NW向的反向走滑断层(R')组成了复杂的走滑断裂网络系统,并直接控制了湘桂地区铀矿床(田)在时间和空间上的分布。 相似文献
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遵循刘宝珺院士提出的“构造控盆、盆地控相”指导思想，在系统厘定地层格架和构造单元划分基础上，确定青藏高原巨型造山带晚三叠世构造-古地理从北往南依次发育：羌塘-三江多岛海、班公湖-双湖-怒江洋、冈底斯-喜马拉雅多岛海和若干次级构造-古地理单元。班公湖-双湖-怒江洋是分隔冈瓦纳大陆和欧亚大陆的特提斯大洋，南羌塘地块是漂浮在特提斯大洋中的块体。本次重点对北羌塘前陆盆地和北喜马拉雅被动大陆边缘盆地的沉积相带展布和古地理进行了研究。造成两个盆地沉积序列及古气候差别的主要因素是构造地质事件。构造事件决定了盆地性质，盆地性质又控制了沉积相带的空间展布。北喜马拉雅盆地位于冈瓦纳构造域，晚三叠世盆地基底南浅北深，继承了古生代构造离散型被动大陆边缘沉积，印支造山作用不发育；北羌塘盆地位于泛华夏构造域，晚三叠世发育印支挤压造山作用及其前陆盆地沉积记录。盆地分析研究表明，北羌塘南部江爱达日那和热觉茶卡等地下三叠统康鲁组底部均发现灰紫色中厚层复成分砾岩、含砾粗砂岩、细砂岩组成向上变细的海侵型地层结构，沉积相为滨岸三角洲；上三叠统土门格拉群沉积相为含煤盆地边缘三角洲。从沉积相展布型式和北东向古水流方向分析，三叠纪北羌塘沉积盆地的物源主要来自羌塘中部双湖造山剥蚀区或“中央隆起带”。 相似文献
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The Triassic petrostratigraphic system and chronologic stratigraphic sketch have been updated and perfected in the Qiangtang area, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on the integrated 1:250000 regional geological survey and the latest research progeny. The first finished 1:3000000 Triassic tectonic lithofacies paleogeographic maps in the Qiangtang area shows that the Triassic tectonic unit in the Qiangtang area can been divided into three parts from north to south: northern Qiangtang block; Longmucuo-Shuanghu suture zone; and southern Qiangtang block. 相似文献
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重力异常资料显示,库车坳陷南缘西秋构造带深层发育有基底隆起。本文通过地震资料解释确认了西秋构造带深层占隆起的结构,分析了占隆起的形成和演化过程。西秋构造带南侧边缘存在一条区域性基底断裂,断裂北侧新生界下伏中生界、古生界明显减薄或地层缺失,总体上表现为断背斜形态的古隆起构造。结合区域构造演化分析认为,泥盆纪~石炭纪(D-C)塔里木克拉通边缘隆升、二叠纪-三叠纪(P-T)受南天山负荷影响产生的克拉通边缘压陷的构造演化过程中,西秋构造带处于"跷跷板"式地壳升降运动的"支点"部位,发育古隆起和基底卷入高角度断层,晚期南天山隆升向南斜向推挤的挤压剪切应力场使古隆起边界断层复活,基底断裂活动并在新生界之下形成冲断隆起。 相似文献
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Luca Basilone 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2009,1(3):251-273
Sequence stratigraphic studies of the Triassic through Paleogene carbonate successions of platform, slope and basin in western Sicily (Palermo and Termini Imerese Mountains) have identified a sedimentary cyclicity mostly caused by relative oscillations of sea level. The stratigraphic successions of the Imerese and Panormide palaeogeographic domains of the southern Tethyan continental margin were studied with physical-stratigraphy and facies analysis to reconstruct the sedimentary evolution of this platform-to-basin system. The Imerese Basin is characterized by a carbonate and siliceous-calcareous succession, 1200–1400m thick, Late Triassic to Eocene in age. The strata display a typical example of a carbonate platform margin, characterized by resedimented facies with progradational stacking patterns. The Panormide Carbonate Platform is characterized by a carbonate succession, 1000–1200 m thick, Late Triassic to Late Eocene, mostly consisting of shallow-water facies with periodic subaerial exposure. The cyclic arrangement has been obtained by the study of the stratigraphic signatures (unconformities, facies sequences, erosional surfaces and stratal geometries) found in the slope successions. The recognized pattern has been compared with coeval facies of the shelf. This correlation provided evidence of sedimentary evolution, influenced by progradation and backstepping of the shelf deposits. The stratigraphic architecture of the platform-to-basin system is characterized by four major transgressive/regressive cycles during the late Triassic to late Eocene. These cycles, framed in a chronostratigraphic chart, allows the correlation of the investigated shelf-to-basin system with the geological evolution of the African continental margin during the Mesozoic, showing tectono-eustatic cycles. The first cycle, encompassing the late Triassic to early Jurassic, appears to be related to the late syn-rift stage of the continental margin evolution. The following three cycles, spanning from the Jurassic to Eocene, can be related to the post-rift evolution and to thermal subsidence changes. 相似文献
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The Lower-Middle Triassic Aghdarband Basin, NE Iran, consists of a strongly deformed arc-related marine succession deposited along the southern margin of Eurasia in a highly mobile tectonic context. This basin is a key-area for the study of the Cimmerian events, as the Triassic units show severe deformations, which occurred short time after the collision of Iran with Eurasia, and were sealed by the Middle Jurassic succession. In this work, we document the structural setting and evolution of this area, based on detailed mesoscopic structural analyses of faults and folds, paleostress reconstruction and revision of the Triassic stratigraphy. The Triassic sequences are deeply involved in a N-verging thrust stack interacting with an important left-lateral transpressional fault zone characterized by strike-slip faults, vertical folds and high angle reverse faults generating intricate positive flowers. Systematic folds asymmetry indicates that they developed in a left-lateral transpressional zone coeval to thrust imbrication to the south, due to a marked strain partitioning.The extent of the transpressional zone shows that important left-lateral movements developed parallel to the belt during the Cimmerian collision, in response to oblique convergence between Iran and Eurasia. Inversion of Triassic syn-sedimentary faults, possibly inherited from Palaeozoic structures of the Kopeh Dagh basement and favouring strain partitioning, is suggested by unconformities, significant differences in the sedimentary successions, repeated olistoliths, scarp-related coarse breccias and rapid tectonic drowning, occurring especially along the northern tectonic boundary of the basin. Paleostress analyses point to a complex stress pattern showing a 45° rotation of the stress field along the left-lateral fault system, related to a complete deformation partitioning in two domains respectively characterized by pure reverse dip-slip and strike-slip motions. The main direction of compression, possibly oriented NE–SW in present days coordinates, favoured the development of large shear zones disrupting the eastern portion of the Cimmerian orogen. 相似文献
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若尔盖-松潘盆地中、上三叠统沉积剖面研究表明以陆相沉积为主,只在东北部青山峪有浅海相碳酸盐岩沉积。盆地北部出现河流、浅湖相沉积,中部以浅湖相沉积为主,局部出现深湖相沉积,南部主要为深湖相沉积。中、上三叠统地层的变形构造以冲褶席(duplex)构造为特点,表现出从北向南应变强度减弱。深部构造反映了盆地位于扬子板块大陆壳基底之上,叠覆在扬子板块北缘的前陆褶皱冲断带上。大地构造位置、沉积相与构造特点,共同说明若尔盖-松潘盆地是三叠纪碰撞造山作用时期扬子板块北部北缘的前陆盆地。 相似文献
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Danilo Cavallaro Carmelo Monaco Alina Polonia Attilio Sulli Agata Di Stefano 《Natural Hazards》2017,86(2):233-251
In order to unravel the tectonic evolution of the north-central sector of the Sicily Channel (Central Mediterranean), a seismo-stratigraphic analysis of single- and multi-channel seismic reflection profiles has been carried out. This allowed to identify, between 20 and 50 km offshore the central-southern coast of Sicily, a ~80-km-long deformation belt, characterized by a set of WNW–ESE to NW–SE fault segments showing a poly-phasic activity. Within this belt, we observed: i) Miocene normal faults reactivated during Zanclean–Piacenzian time by dextral strike-slip motion, as a consequence of the Africa–Europe convergence; ii) releasing and restraining bend geometries forming well-developed pull-apart basins and compressive structures. In the central and western sectors of the belt, we identified local transpressional reactivations of Piacenzian time, attested by well-defined compressive features like push-up structures and fault-bend anticlines. The reconstruction of timing and style of tectonic deformation suggest a strike-slip reactivation of inherited normal faults and the local subsequent positive tectonic inversion, often documented along oblique thrust ramps. This pattern represents a key for an improved knowledge of the structural style of foreland fold-and-thrust belts propagating in a preexisting extensional domain. With regard to active tectonics and seismic hazards, recent GPS data and local seismicity events suggest that this deformation process could be still active and accomplished through deep-buried structures; moreover, several normal faults showing moderate displacements have been identified on top of the Madrepore Bank and Malta High, offsetting the Late Quaternary deposits. Finally, inside the northern part of the Gela Basin, multiple slope failures, originated during Pleistocene by the further advancing of the Gela Nappe, reveal tectonically induced potential instability processes. 相似文献
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在华北古大陆南缘，以控制不同构造单元的断裂为界，构造格局自北而南划分如下：古大陆边缘的基底与盖层单元(华—熊陆缘带)，宽坪群构造单元，二郎坪群构造单元，北秦岭(秦岭群)构造单元和南秦岭(刘岭群)构造单元。据陆缘构造发展阶段的沉积建造和岩石组合控矿因素，划分该区沉积建造演化阶段：①前长城纪陆核活动性边缘沉积建造；②中、新元古代被动大陆边缘沉积建造；③早加里东期构造体制转换期演化阶段；④古生代活动大陆边缘沉积建造；⑤中生代陆内碰撞演化阶段。从时间与空间角度，分别研究了不同构造演化阶段的成矿问题。 相似文献
15.
西藏羌塘盆地的构造沉积特征及演化 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
西藏羌塘盆地是特提斯构造域内晚古生代—中生代海相复合盆地。经历了晚古生代板块构造演化阶段、中生代板块构造演化阶段和新生代抬升剥蚀阶段 ,形成了晚古生代大陆边缘盆地、中生代南羌塘被动大陆边缘和北羌塘弧后盆地以及晚侏罗世之后的构造地貌盆地。受多期构造运动作用 ,盆地从北向南形成了北缘冲褶带、北羌塘变形带、中央碰撞隆起带、南羌塘变形带和南缘冲断带五个构造单元。变形由坳陷边缘到中心逐渐减弱 ,侏罗山式褶皱样式 ,反映出盖层浅层滑脱的变形特征 相似文献
16.
完达山造山带原型盆地及可能的造山机制 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
完达山造山带是东亚环太平洋构造带的重要组成部分,是中国北方唯一的中生代深水活动类型沉积建造出露区。三叠纪—侏罗纪硅质岩－碎屑岩系构成了这个造山带的主体,其沉积序列总体表现为一向上变浅、碎屑颗粒变粗的沉积旋回,其中的硅质岩、泥岩稀土元素以Ｃｅ的正异常为特征;砂岩构架颗粒成分与典型的弧前盆地相同。这些特征表明,完达山造山带三叠纪—侏罗纪的原型盆地是东亚陆缘区弧前盆地的组成部分。构造解析结果进一步揭示,造山带只发育一期透入性的变形构造,与增生杂岩的变形序列明显不同。基于上述结论并结合区域构造分析结果提出,完达山造山带的隆升主要是中生代东亚陆缘型岩浆弧东移、本区卷入科迪勒拉型造山带所致。 相似文献
17.
云南楚雄盆地位于场子陆块的西南边缘,为一典型的中生代周缘前陆盆地,盆地演化阶段明显,晚三叠世为前陆早期复理石沉积,侏罗纪则为前陆晚期磨拉石沉积。对盆地构造沉降史研究后笔者认为：①晚三叠世复理石沉积盆地构造沉降幅度巨大,沉降与沉积中心位于盆地最西部,紧邻古哀牢山造山带,沉积体呈形楔形展布;③侏罗纪磨拉石沉积盆地构造沉降和沉积中心以及前缘隆起向内陆方向迁移明显;③中生代构造快速沉降的沉积体的楔形展布表 相似文献
18.
青海南部治多-杂多地区石炭纪-三叠纪砂岩地球化学特征与构造背景探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选取青海南部治多-杂多地区石炭纪-三叠纪的砂岩、粉砂岩样品,进行主量元素地球化学分析,利用分析结果判别物源区大地构造背景,探讨北羌塘盆地的性质及演化。研究结果表明:北羌塘中段的治多-杂多地区物源区大地构造背景早石炭世为被动大陆边缘;早中二叠世为被动大陆边缘、活动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧;晚三叠世为被动大陆边缘、活动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧。结合地层学、沉积学和岩石学,治多-杂多地区的沉积盆地经历了早石炭世被动陆缘克拉通盆地-早中二叠世裂陷盆地和早中三叠世被动边缘克拉通盆地-晚三叠世弧后前陆盆地的两个演化旋回,体现了金沙江缝合带和甘孜-理塘缝合带成生发展在研究区内的沉积响应。 相似文献
19.
华南地区从震旦纪至早古生界经历了从洋盆的形成、直至转换成前陆盆地的过程。被动大陆边缘阶段，在扬子陆块的东南边缘构成了2次从碎屑岩陆架到碳酸盐台地的沉积序列，一次为震旦纪；另一次为寒武纪至早奥陶世。从中奥陶世至志留纪末，华南洋关闭、形成前陆盆地系统。它由前陆推覆体、前陆前渊、前陆隆起和隆后盆地4部分组成。前陆推覆体细分为根带、中带、前锋带。随着推覆体的上叠式的逆冲，形成外前渊盆地（钦防一带）和内前渊盆地（湘西、黔东南）。当前陆推覆体向克拉通推进时，前陆隆起也逐渐向后退。此带表现出一个海平面相对上升的过程，形成碳酸盐缓坡。随着推覆体进一步逆冲，前缘隆起继续隆升，且露出水面，使其后的隆后盆地转变为半局限环境。晚志留世末，前陆盆地回返，海水从东向西逐渐退出扬子大陆。 相似文献
20.
TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE GARZE—LITANG PLATE JUNCTION, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE GOLD DEPOSITS 相似文献