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1.
那底岗日组主要为一套中酸性火山岩、火山碎屑岩,夹砂砾岩的岩石组合,主要分布在藏北羌塘中部地区,龙木错-双湖缝合带的北侧。对那底岗日组底部安山岩进行锆石SHRIMP测年,时代为219±4Ma,确定那底岗日组火山岩早期喷发时间为晚三叠世而不是早侏罗世,与龙木错-双湖一线的低温高压变质带的时代基本一致。结合区域地质资料,那底岗日组火山岩可能形成于板块消减的火山弧构造环境,为龙木错-双湖缝合带晚三叠世向北俯冲消减的产物。 相似文献
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北羌塘坳陷东部沱沱河地区甲丕拉组主要为一套火山岩夹砾岩地层,与区域上以紫红色碎屑岩沉积地层为主的甲丕拉组,无论是在沉积特征上还是地层时代上均相差甚远。为了准确限定该套岩石组合的时代,本文对囊极和开心岭地区甲丕拉组火山岩、砾岩和雀莫错地区巴贡组砂岩开展了锆石U-Pb年龄测定。结果表明甲丕拉组玄武粗安玢岩的锆石谐和年龄为(216.4±1.1)Ma(n=28,MSWD=0.39),在复成分砾岩和巴贡组砂岩中获得的最年轻碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值分别为(222.2±3.7)Ma(n=2)和(222.8±1.9)Ma(n=9),将火山喷发和碎屑岩最大沉积时限均限定在晚三叠世诺利期。结合区域上已发表数据,与晚三叠世连续地层剖面和最新钻井岩性柱做对比,我们将甲丕拉组火山岩重新厘定为那底岗日组,砾岩为晚三叠世北羌塘隆升剥蚀的产物。晚三叠世中晚期,北羌塘大部分地区隆升暴露,遭受风化和剥蚀,发生短暂沉积间断,在西部肖茶卡组顶部形成一层岩溶风化壳,东部结扎群顶部存在暴露面,砾岩的成分也不相同,表明东西部风化程度强弱不同。由于羌塘南部班公湖—怒江特提斯洋的开启,北羌塘进入同裂谷阶段并爆发大规模火山喷发,在西部和东部广泛发育那底岗日组火山-沉积地层。而且,那底岗日组在地表的露头与上三叠统顶部裂陷基底匹配良好,表明这是一次区域性与裂陷作用相关的火山-沉积事件。 相似文献
4.
藏北羌塘盆地东部地区三叠系巴贡组之上沉积超覆了一套火山岩-火山碎屑岩．该套地层下部玄武岩的锆石SHRIMPu—Pb年龄明显可以分为2组,一组年龄相对年轻（220．4Ma±2．3Ma）,代表了羌塘东部地区鄂尔陇巴组火山岩的喷发年龄;另外一组年龄相对较老（241．4Ma±3．6Ma）,可能与中三叠世羌塘地区普遍存在的碰撞隆升事件有关。羌塘中生代（晚三叠世-早白垩世）盆地演化早期的沉积作用经历了由陆相至海相的超覆过程,沉积超覆作用从冲洪积相开始,伴随着岩浆侵入、火山爆发及火山碎屑沉积作用,总体上表现为一个向上变深的海侵序列,显示裂谷盆地的特征。 相似文献
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舒家坝群(D2-3S)是西秦岭北带构造蚀变岩型金矿重要的赋矿地层,为一套浅变质的具类复理石沉积特征的细碎屑岩及少量碳酸盐岩组合,形成时代为中晚泥盆世。通过1∶5万区域地质调查,在西秦岭两当县北解板沟一带原划舒家坝群中新填绘出一套被断裂围限的火山岩-火山碎屑岩系,与舒家坝群的主体岩性差别明显。通过对该火山岩-火山碎屑岩系进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,分别获得其中流纹质晶屑凝灰岩加权平均年龄为204±2 Ma,英安斑岩加权平均年龄为209±3 Ma,表明该火山岩-火山碎屑岩系形成于晚三叠世。据此,将其从原划舒家坝群中解体,暂划归华日组(T3hr)。 相似文献
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羌塘地区晚三叠世构造-古地理面貌总体呈多岛海格局,自北向南可分出3个次级构造-古地理单元:北羌塘弧后前陆盆地、龙木错-双湖残留盆地、南羌塘边缘海。北羌塘前陆盆地又分出5个古地理单元:以复理石沉积为特征的藏夏河-明境湖半深海;以细碎屑岩沉积为特征的唐古拉浅海陆棚;以碳酸盐沉积为特征的菊花山台地;以含煤碎屑岩系沉积为特征的土门格拉-双湖滨岸-三角洲和以酸性火山岩-火山碎屑岩喷发为特征的那底岗日-各拉丹东火山岛弧。盆地基底显示为南浅北深的箕状格局;盆地充填物为南薄北厚的楔形沉积体;盆地具有双物源、沉降中心和沉积中心不一致等特征,表明北羌塘盆地具有前陆盆地构造-沉积特征。南羌塘边缘海自北向南可分出3个古地理单元:以基性火山岩、碳酸盐岩和砂泥质碎屑岩为特征的肖茶卡浅海;以碳酸盐岩为特征的日干配错台地;以泥页岩夹粉砂岩、泥质灰岩为特征的南羌塘南缘半深海。南羌塘盆地基底显示为南、北低,中部高的丘状格局,盆地充填物为南薄北厚的楔形沉积体;盆地物源来自北部的中央隆起和那底岗日岛弧、盆地沉降中心在北部,而沉积中心在南部等特征,表明南羌塘盆地具有边缘海构造-沉积特征。羌塘地区晚三叠世构造-古地理研究对恢复南、北羌塘原型盆地的构造属性具有重要意义。 相似文献
7.
羌塘中生代(T3-K1)盆地演化新模式 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在羌塘盆地上三叠统那底岗日组陆相火山岩—沉火山碎屑岩及冲洪积相砂砾岩之下,作者发现了一个十分重要的古风化壳。该风化壳穿时超覆于肖茶卡组(T3上三叠统?)及其以下的二叠系及石炭系地层之上,沉积超覆于古风化壳之上的那底岗日组陆相火山岩—沉火山碎屑岩及冲洪积相砂砾岩代表了羌塘中生代(T3—K1,晚三叠世卡尼期至早白垩世时期)新一轮沉积作用的开启。采用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素定年方法,作者在羌塘盆地胜利河地区和望湖岭地区分别获得了一组那底岗日组玻屑凝灰岩和晶屑凝灰岩的年龄,其值为216.8±2.1 Ma和217.3±2.5 Ma;这些同沉积年龄证据证实了羌塘中生代盆地的开启时间应该为晚三叠世卡尼—若利期。羌塘中生代盆地早期沉积作用经历了一个由陆相至海相的沉积超覆过程。伴随着岩浆侵入、火山爆发及火山碎屑沉积作用,沉积超覆作用是从冲洪积相开始。总体上,表现为一个向上由浅变深的海侵序列,显示为被动陆缘裂陷盆地特征。 相似文献
8.
拉萨北部林周盆地林子宗火山岩层序新议 总被引：21，自引：4，他引：21
林子宗火山岩是西藏冈底斯地区典型的新生代火山岩，可分为3个组：典中组、年波组和帕那组，主要由玄武安山岩、安山岩、英安岩、粗安岩、钾玄岩、流纹岩和相应的火山碎屑岩夹灰岩、河湖相沉积岩组成。经过林周盆地火山地质填图，发现林子宗火山岩层序较原定层序复杂得多，其中在典中组原定的安山质一英安质火山岩的底部新发现了一套流纹质火山岩，顶部发现河湖相沉积；年波组在原定上部安山质火山岩中新厘定出钾玄质火山岩，在顶部发现了红色泥岩；帕那组的底部还发现了球粒流纹岩和枕状流纹质熔结凝灰岩。据此重新论述了西藏林周盆地林子宗火山岩的地层层序及区域变化特征，进一步划分出8个段，属3个火山喷发旋回的产物。林子宗火山岩的形成时代，典中组为61．45～64．43Ma，年波组54．07Ma，帕那组43．93～48．72Ma。 相似文献
9.
内蒙古东乌旗地区格根敖包组火山岩锆石LA-MC-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗地区格根敖包组为一套海陆交互相中酸性火山岩、火山碎屑岩以及陆源碎屑岩组合,含有动植物化石。其时代具有争议。本文获得了格根敖包组二段火山岩LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄(307.3±0.99)Ma和(311.6±1.3)Ma,表明其形成于晚石炭世。结合前人古生物化石资料,认为格根敖包组上部(三、四、五段)陆源碎屑沉积地层,时代为早二叠世,而火山岩及其以下地层(一段、二段)属于晚石炭世。从而将格根敖包组形成时代限定为晚石炭—早二叠世。格根敖包组下部(一段、二段)地层与邻区宝力高庙组时代一致,同属晚石炭世。 相似文献
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菊花山地区出露的肖茶卡组—那底岗日组,其接触关系清楚,是北羌塘盆地代表性的剖面。在对该剖面中两者之间的砾岩进行详细的野外观测和分层取样分析的基础上,确定了肖茶卡组顶部与那底岗日组底部之间的砾岩为上、下两套不同成因、不同性质的砾岩组合。下套角砾岩以钙质、铁泥质胶结为特征,是肖茶卡组沉积期后海平面下降,出现广泛暴露、风化溶蚀形成的岩溶角砾岩;上套砾岩以凝灰质胶结为特征,是岩溶角砾未固结之前,发生构造活动产生的火山碎屑、熔岩流携带、搬运松散岩溶角砾再次沉积形成的那底岗日组底砾岩。从而确定了肖茶卡组与那底岗日组为岩溶不整合接触关系。该岩溶不整合面是羌塘盆地构造演化分析的重要证据,也是油气勘探的重要标志层。 相似文献
11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
13.
I. M. Gorokhov M. A. Semikhatov M. M. Arakelyants E. A. Fallick N. N. Mel’nikov T. L. Turchenko T. A. Ivanovskaya T. S. Zaitseva E. P. Kutyavin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(3):260-274
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation. 相似文献
14.
Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
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扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
16.
Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston
situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine
fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and
at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological
(i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates)
controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution
sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were
<20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf
of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is
lost to sediments. 相似文献
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18.
山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
19.
V. Yu. Prokof’ev L. D. Zorina V. A. Kovalenker N. N. Akinfiev I. A. Baksheev A. N. Krasnov G. A. Yurgenson N. V. Trubkin 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(1):31-68
The mineral composition of the Talatui gold deposit has been studied with modern methods. Previously unknown minerals (ilmenite, siegenite, glaucodot, wittichenite, matildite, hessite, pilsenite, zircon, tremolite, cummingtonite, hercynite, and goethite) have been identified in the ore. A high Re content has been detected in molybdenite. The spatiotemporal separation of Au and Ag is caused by different mineral species of these elements and their diachronous precipitation during the ore-forming process. Gold crystallized along with early mineral assemblages, beginning from virtually pure gold (the fineness is 996). Silver precipitated largely at the end of the process as hessite (Ag2Te) and matildite (AgBiS2). The temperature of ore deposition varied from 610 to 145°C, the pressure was 3370–110 bar, and the salt concentration ranged from 56.3 to 0.4 wt % NaCl equiv. The heterogeneous state (boiling) of fluid at the early stages has been documented. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid testify to its magmatic nature and the participation of meteoric water at late stages in the ore-forming process. Thermodynamic modeling reproduces the main specific features of ore formation, including separation of Au and Ag. A physicochemical model of the gold mineralization in the Darasun ore district has been proposed. On the basis of several attributes, the Talatui deposit has been referred to the prophyry gold-copper economic type. 相似文献