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1.
阜平地区麻粒岩的P—T路径研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
阜平麻粒岩分布于阜平大柳树和坊时一带的原阜平超群下亚群索家庄组花岗质片麻碉中,以不同规模的透镜体,似层状体产出。麻粒岩主要由石榴石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石、角闪石和斜长石等矿物组成,含有少量的石英。根据岩石的矿物组合和结构特征可将其变质作用演化上个阶段;①石榴石中的角闪石、斜长石、单斜辉石等变质矿物包体代表峰前阶段;②粗粒平衡共生的角闪石、单斜辉石、石榴石、斜长石±紫苏辉石±石英等代表了峰期变质阶段;③ 石榴石变斑晶后生合品反应边中外侧细粒斜方辉石、斜长石和石英集合体代表了峰后变质阶段;④ 后生合晶反应边中内侧角闪石、斜长石等,代表了晚期退化变质阶段。这四个变质阶段演化的P－T条件依次为：峰前阶段636℃、0.824GPa．峰期阶段751℃～ 833℃、0.854～ 1.085GPa,峰后阶段670℃～ 740℃、 0.55～0.70GPa,退化变质阶段665℃、0.727GPa．构成了一条顺时针的P－T路径,反映了该变质区从早期褶皱增厚到晚期构造抬升的地质动力学过程。  相似文献   

2.
滇西双江县勐库地区(退变)榴辉岩的岩石学、矿物学特征   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  
滇西双江县勐库镇以北的那卡河、控角等地出露的(退变)榴辉岩以构造岩片的形式产于奥陶纪湾河蛇绿岩混杂岩带中。根据退变质程度差异依次划分为退变榴辉岩、榴闪岩、含石榴斜长角闪岩,主要矿物成分为角闪石、石榴子石、单斜辉石、斜长石,次要矿物成分为金红石、多硅白云母、硬玉、绿帘石、黑云母、磷灰石、石英等,特征的高压-超高压变质矿物绿辉石仅残余在少量的石榴子石、角闪石中,以包裹体形式产出。岩石学和矿物学研究显示,该榴辉岩峰期变质矿物组合为:绿辉石+石榴子石+金红石+石英+多硅白云母。石榴子石中的部分石英包裹体周围发育放射状的胀裂纹,暗示其可能由柯石英转化而成。由此推断,该榴辉岩可能经历了超高压变质作用。  相似文献   

3.
High‐pressure kyanite‐bearing felsic granulites in the Bashiwake area of the south Altyn Tagh (SAT) subduction–collision complex enclose mafic granulites and garnet peridotite‐hosted sapphirine‐bearing metabasites. The predominant felsic granulites are garnet + quartz + ternary feldspar (now perthite) rocks containing kyanite, plagioclase, biotite, rutile, spinel, corundum, and minor zircon and apatite. The quartz‐bearing mafic granulites contain a peak pressure assemblage of garnet + clinopyroxene + ternary feldspar (now mesoperthite) + quartz + rutile. The sapphirine‐bearing metabasites occur as mafic layers in garnet peridotite. Petrographical data suggest a peak assemblage of garnet + clinopyroxene + kyanite + rutile. Early kyanite is inferred from a symplectite of sapphirine + corundum + plagioclase ± spinel, interpreted to have formed during decompression. Garnet peridotite contains an assemblage of garnet + olivine + orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene. Thermobarometry indicates that all rock types experienced peak P–T conditions of 18.5–27.3 kbar and 870–1050 °C. A medium–high pressure granulite facies overprint (780–820 °C, 9.5–12 kbar) is defined by the formation of secondary clinopyroxene ± orthopyroxene + plagioclase at the expense of garnet and early clinopyroxene in the mafic granulites, as well as by growth of spinel and plagioclase at the expense of garnet and kyanite in the felsic granulite. SHRIMP II zircon U‐Pb geochronology yields ages of 493 ± 7 Ma (mean of 11) from the felsic granulite, 497 ± 11 Ma (mean of 11) from sapphirine‐bearing metabasite and 501 ± 16 Ma (mean of 10) from garnet peridotite. Rounded zircon morphology, cathodoluminescence (CL) sector zoning, and inclusions of peak metamorphic minerals indicate these ages reflect HP/HT metamorphism. Similar ages determined for eclogites from the western segment of the SAT suggest that the same continental subduction/collision event may be responsible for HP metamorphism in both areas.  相似文献   

4.
Both high- and medium-pressure granulites have been found asenclaves and boudins in tonalitic–trondhjemitic–granodioriticgneisses in the Hengshan Complex. Petrological evidence fromthese rocks indicates four distinct metamorphic assemblages.The early prograde assemblage (M1) is preserved only in thehigh-pressure granulites and represented by quartz and rutileinclusions within the cores of garnet porphyroblasts, and omphacitepseudomorphs that are indicated by clinopyroxene + sodic plagioclasesymplectic intergrowths. The peak assemblage (M2) consists ofclinopyroxene + garnet + sodic plagioclase + quartz ±hornblende in the high-pressure granulites and orthopyroxene+ clinopyroxene + garnet + plagioclase + quartz in the medium-pressuregranulites. Peak metamorphism was followed by near-isothermaldecompression (M3), which resulted in the development of orthopyroxene+ clinopyroxene + plagioclase symplectites and coronas surroundingembayed garnet grains, and decompression-cooling (M4), representedby hornblende + plagioclase symplectites on garnet. The THERMOCALCprogram yielded peak (M2) P–T conditions of 13·4–15·5kbar and 770–840°C for the high-pressure granulitesand 9–11 kbar and 820–870°C for the medium-pressuregranulites, based on the core compositions of garnet, matrixpyroxene and plagioclase. The P–T conditions of pyroxene+ plagioclase symplectite and corona (M3) were estimated at  相似文献   

5.
The St. Leonhard Granulite Massif, Lower Austria, is one of the small occurrences of high-pressure granulite found in the Gföhl unit at the highest tectono-stratigraphic level of the Moldanubian zone. Although predominantly composed of extremely deformed acidic, garnet+kyanite-bearing rocks, thin conformable layers of intermediate garnet+clinopyroxene-bearing granulites are seen. Pressure-temperature estimates for the peak metamorphic assemblage of garnet+clinopyroxene+ternary feldspar+quartz in these rocks are 15-19 kbar, 950-1050°C. A close coherence between results obtained from a combination of independent geothermobarometers and those derived from an internally consistent thermobarometric method indicate the retention of high-pressure/temperature equilibrium mineral compositions, even though there is a wealth of petrographic evidence for significant post-peak metamorphic decompression. Pressure-temperature estimates for the orthopyroxene-bearing, intermediate-pressure decompression stage, obtained from discrete reaction textures, are 8-12 kbar and 800-900°C. Post-decompressive cooling from 800 to 500°C, at ca. 5-8 kbar, is recorded by the final amphibolite-facies, biotite-bearing assemblage, together with petrological constraints from the enclosing acid granulites.  相似文献   

6.
A deep-level crustal section of the Cretaceous Kohistan arc is exposed in the northern part of the Jijal complex. The occurrence of mafic to ultramafic granulite-facies rocks exhibits the nature and metamorphic evolution of the lower crust. Mafic granulites are divided into two rock types: two-pyroxene granulite (orthopyroxene+clinopyroxene+plagioclase±quartz [1]); and garnet–clinopyroxene granulite (garnet+clinopyroxene+plagioclase+quartz [2]). Two-pyroxene granulite occurs in the northeastern part of the Jijal complex as a relict host rock of garnet–clinopyroxene granulite, where the orthopyroxene-rich host is transected by elongated patches and bands of garnet–clinopyroxene granulite. Garnet–clinopyroxene granulite, together with two-pyroxene granulite, has been partly replaced by amphibolite (hornblende±garnet+plagioclase+quartz [3]). The garnet-bearing assemblage [2] is expressed by a compression–dehydration reaction: hornblende+orthopyroxene+plagioclase=garnet+clinopyroxene+quartz+H2O↑. Subsequent amphibolitization to form the assemblage [3] is expressed by two hydration reactions: garnet+clinopyroxene+plagioclase+H2O=hornblende+quartz and plagioclase+hornblende+H2O=zoisite+chlorite+quartz. The mafic granulites include pod- and lens-shaped bodies of ultramafic granulites which consist of garnet hornblendite (garnet+hornblende+clinopyroxene [4]) associated with garnet clinopyroxenite, garnetite, and hornblendite. Field relation and comparisons in modal–chemical compositions between the mafic and ultramafic granulites indicate that the ultramafic granulites were originally intrusive rocks which dissected the protoliths of the mafic granulites and then have been metamorphosed simultaneously with the formation of garnet–clinopyroxene granulite. The results combined with isotopic ages reported elsewhere give the following tectonic constraints: (1) crustal thickening through the development of the Kohistan arc and the subsequent Kohistan–Asia collision caused the high-pressure granulite-facies metamorphism in the Jijal complex; (2) local amphibolitization of the mafic granulites occurred after the collision.  相似文献   

7.
柴北缘都兰高压麻粒岩的变质演化及形成的动力学背景   总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2  
于胜尧  张建新  李金平 《岩石学报》2009,25(9):2224-2234
在柴北缘-阿尔金HP/UHP变质带东端,新识别出一个高压麻粒岩单元.高压基性麻粒岩是高压麻粒岩单元的主体,还包括少量高压中酸性麻粒岩.高压基性麻粒岩主要由平衡共生的石榴子石、单斜辉石、斜长石组成,还含有不等量的蓝晶石、角闪石、石英、金红石、黝帘石/斜黝帘石、钛铁矿、方柱石等矿物.高压长英质麻粒岩主要包括石榴子石、蓝晶石、钾长石、斜长石、石英等矿物,并具有少量的单斜辉石和角闪石.岩石学和矿物学数据显示高压麻粒岩经历了多阶段的变质演化,温压计算获得峰期高压麻粒岩相的变质条件为1.40～1.85GPa和800～925℃.退变质高角闪岩相的变质条件为P=0.80～1.05GPa和T=580～695℃：进一步的退变质作用发生在低角闪岩相/绿片岩相条件下(<0.8GPa和<550℃).岩石学、矿物学及年代学资料研究表明都兰地区的高压麻粒岩具有与相邻榴辉岩不同的变质演化历史,而不是榴辉岩在抬升过程中热松弛作用所致.高压麻粒岩可能形成于与陆壳俯冲相关的造山带增厚的陆壳根部环境,形成的深度为50～70km.  相似文献   

8.
Zhang Zeming  Xu Zhiqin  Xu Huifen 《Lithos》2000,52(1-4):35-50
The 558-m-deep ZK703 drillhole located near Donghai in the southern part of the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt, eastern China, penetrates alternating layers of eclogites, gneisses, jadeite quartzites, garnet peridotites, phengite–quartz schists, and kyanite quartzites. The preservation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic minerals and their relics, together with the contact relationship and protolith types of the various rocks indicates that these are metamorphic supracrustal rocks and mafic-ultramafic rock assemblages that have experienced in-situ ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism. The eclogites can be divided into five types based on accessory minerals: rutile eclogite, phengite eclogite, kyanite–phengite eclogite, quartz eclogite, and common eclogite with rare minor minerals. Rutile eclogite forms a thick layer in the drillhole that contains sufficient rutile for potential mining. Two retrograde assemblages are observed in the eclogites: the first stage is characterized by the formation of sodic plagioclase+amphibole symplectite or symplectitic coronas after omphacite and garnet, plagioclase+biotite after garnet or phengite, and plagioclase coronas after kyanite; the second stage involved total replacement of omphacite and garnet by amphibole+albite+epidote+quartz. Peak metamorphic P–T conditions of the eclogites were around 32 to 40 kbar and 720°C to 880°C. The retrograde P–T path of the eclogites is characterized by rapidly decreasing pressure with slightly decreasing temperature. Micro-textures and compositional variations in symplectitic minerals suggest that the decompression breakdown of ultrahigh-pressure minerals is a domainal equilibrium reaction or disequilibrium reaction. The composition of the original minerals and the diffusion rate of elements involved in these reactions controlled the symplectitic mineral compositions.  相似文献   

9.
The Qinglongshan eclogites in the Southern Sulu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic (UHPM) terrane show very different retrograded textures from their counterparts in the Northern Sulu terrane, implying a different thermal history. Scanning electron and optical microscope observations indicate that the peak assemblage of the Qinglongshan eclogite is anhydrous, composed of Grt + OmpI + Rt + (Ky + coesite). These primary minerals were replaced by second and third stage minerals, resulting in symplectite pseudomorphs or coronas. The following relationships are inferred: OmpI → OmpII + Ab + Fe‐oxide symplectite (type I) and Rt → Rt + Ilm intergrowth; and, Ky → Pg, OmpII (+Pl) → Amp (+Pl) symplectite (type II), and Grt → Prg (+Fe‐oxide). Mineral chemistry and mass‐balance demonstrate that the pseudomorphed textures were developed by metasomatism involving dissolution and precipitation intensified by fluids along grain boundaries. The formation of symplectite type I produced Fe, Mg and Na but consumed Ca and Si. The Mg and Fe diffused to garnet where exchange of (Mg, Fe) with Ca of the garnet resulted in compositional zonation with decreased Ca towards the edge of garnet grains where Ca was consumed during symplectite formation. The replacement of kyanite by paragonite consumed the extra Na. In the later stage, fluid infiltration partially transformed symplectite type I to type II, and narrow rims of pargasite resorbed garnet from their boundaries. Mass balance suggests that the transformation and resorption would have been coupled during fluid infiltration. In the latest stage, epidote and quartz were precipitated at very late stage as a result of fluid activity along microfractures. Tentative P–T conditions based on mineral reactions and thermocalc software suggest that the retrograded eclogite did not record the granulite facies retrograde evolution characteristic of eclogites from the Northern Sulu terrane. The difference in retrograde evolution between the Southern and Northern Sulu eclogites suggests a different exhumation history.  相似文献   

10.
在一些典型碰撞造山带中,高压麻粒岩与榴辉岩在空间和时间上密切相关,它们之间的关系对揭示碰撞造山带的造山过程和造山机制具有重要意义.本文以中国西部的南阿尔金、柴北缘及中部的北秦岭造山带为例,详细陈述了这3个地区榴辉岩和相关的高压麻粒岩的野外关系、变质演化和形成时代,目的是要建立大陆碰撞造山带中榴辉岩和相关高压麻粒岩形成的地球动力学背景模式.南阿尔金榴辉岩呈近东西向分布在江尕勒萨依,玉石矿沟一带,与含夕线石副片麻岩、花岗质片麻岩和少量大理岩构成榴辉岩一片麻岩单元,榴辉岩中含有柯石英假象,其峰期变质条件为P=2.8～3.0GPa,T=730～850℃,并在抬升过程中经历了角闪岩-麻粒岩相的叠加;大量年代学研究显示其峰期变质时代为485～500Ma.南阿尔金高压麻粒岩分布在巴什瓦克地区,包括高压基性麻粒岩和高压长英质麻粒岩,它们与超基性岩构成了一个大约5km宽的构造岩石单元,与周围角闪岩相的片麻岩为韧性剪切带接触.长英质麻粒岩和基性麻粒岩的峰期组合均具有蓝晶石和三元长石(已变成条纹长石),形成的温压条件为T=930～1020℃,P=1.8～2.5GPa,并在退变质过程中经历了中压麻粒岩相变质作用叠加.锆石SHRIMP测定显示巴什瓦克高压麻粒岩的峰期变质时代为493～497Ma.都兰地区的榴辉岩分布柴北缘HP-UHP变质带的东端,在榴辉岩和围岩副片麻岩中均发现有柯石英保存,形成的峰期温压条件为T=670～730℃和P=2.7～3.25GPa,退变质阶段经过了角闪岩相的叠加;榴辉岩相变质时代为420～450Mao都兰地区的高压麻粒岩分布在阿尔茨托山西部,高压麻粒岩包括基性麻粒岩长英质麻粒岩,基性麻粒岩的峰期矿物组合为Grt+Cpx+Pl±Ky±Zo+Rt±Qtz,长英质麻粒岩的峰期矿物组合为：Grt+Kf+Ky+Pl+Qtz.峰期变质条件为T=800～925℃,P=1.4～1.85GPa,退变质阶段经历了角闪岩-绿片岩的改造,高压麻粒岩的变质时代为420～450Ma.北秦岭榴辉岩分布在官坡-双槐树一带,榴辉岩的峰期变质组合为Grt+Omp±Phe+Qtz+Rt,所计算的峰期温压条件为T=680～770℃和P=2.25～2.65GPa,年代学数据显示榴辉岩的变质时代为500Ma左右.北秦岭高压麻粒岩分布在含榴辉岩单元的南侧松树沟一带,包括高压基性麻粒岩和高压长英质麻粒岩,与超基性岩在空间上密切伴生,高压麻粒岩的峰期温压条件为T=850～925℃,P=1.45～1.80GPa,锆石U-Pb年代学研究显示其峰期变质时代为485～507Ma.以上三个实例显示,出现在同一造山带、在空间上伴生的高压麻粒岩和榴辉岩有各自不同的变质演化历史,但榴辉岩中的榴辉岩相变质时代和相邻的高压麻粒岩中的高压麻粒岩相变质作用时代相同或相近,这种成对出现的榴辉岩和高压麻粒岩代表了它们同时形成在造山带中不同的构造环境中,即榴辉岩的形成于大陆俯冲带中,而高压麻粒岩可能形成在俯冲带之上增厚的大陆地壳根部.  相似文献   

11.
定结（Dinggye）位于藏南高喜马拉雅结晶岩系的中部,研究该区域麻粒岩的变质P-T轨迹对于理解青藏高原的碰撞和抬升过程至关重要.通过对该地区的高压基性麻粒岩（退变榴辉岩）的岩相学观察,确定了4期矿物组合:（1）峰期榴辉岩相矿物组合（M1）由石榴子石（核部）+绿辉石（假象）+石英+金红石组成;（2）高压麻粒岩相矿物组合（M2）主要由石榴子石（幔部）+单斜辉石+斜长石+钛铁矿+角闪石+黑云母组成;（3）中压麻粒岩相矿物组合（M3）由石榴子石（边缘）+斜方辉石+斜长石+钛铁矿+黑云母组成;（4）角闪岩相矿物组合（M4）主要由角闪石+斜长石组成.在NCFMASHTO体系下,用THERMOCALC软件对该高压基性麻粒岩进行了热力学模拟.结合传统温压计和平均温压计计算结果,求得M2、M3、M4阶段的温压条件分别为786~826 ℃、0.78~0.96 GPa;798~850 ℃、0.71~0.75 GPa;610~666 ℃、0.51~0.60 GPa,这指示了一条以峰期后近等温降压（ITD）为特征的顺时针P-T轨迹.结合已有地质资料,表明定结高压基性麻粒岩（退变榴辉岩）是喜马拉雅碰撞造山的产物,峰期后经历了近等温降压的构造抬升过程.   相似文献   

12.
大别山北部榴辉岩的退变质特征及其地质意义   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  
研究了大别山北部榴辉岩的变质岩岩石学。结果表明，该区榴辉岩相变质作用可分为早期(超高压)和晚期(高压)两个阶段，并在折返过程中形成了一系列特征性的退变质显微构造。其中，退变质结构主要包括：(1)由于压力降低而出溶形成的一些定向针状或叶片状矿物包裹体，如钠质单斜辉石中石英及石榴子石中的金红石、单斜辉石和磷灰石等；(2)冠状体或后成合晶，特别是石榴子石外围发育两期(“双层”)后成合晶；(3)反应边或退变边，如绿辉石的透辉石退变边、透辉石的角闪石退变边和金红石的钛铁矿退变边等。这些退变质结构为本区榴辉岩高级变质岩的快速折返过程和抬升历史提供了强有力的岩石学依据；石榴子石中针状矿物出溶体进一步证明研究区榴辉岩早期经历了超高压变质作用，峰期变质压力应大干4．0GPa，甚至可能达到5～7GPa或更高。  相似文献   

13.
吕增  王凯 《地球科学》2018,43(1):150-163
角闪岩是西南天山超高压变质带变基性岩的常见岩石类型之一.野外关系和矿物反应结构表明,大多数角闪岩是由榴辉岩或蓝片岩受到不同程度的钠长绿帘角闪岩相退变质叠加形成的.但对于一些平衡结构发育良好且孤立产出的角闪岩类型（如石榴角闪岩）仍缺乏系统的岩石学研究.本次从岩相学、矿物成分以及热力学模拟几个方面对哈布腾苏河下游地区超高压带内不含钠长石的石榴角闪岩开展了详细的工作.这些石榴角闪岩的主要矿物为绿色角闪石（钙质-钠钙质闪石）、帘石（黝帘石-绿帘石）和石榴石,三者总体积占80%~90%,明显有别于大多数由榴辉岩退变而成的含有钠长石变斑晶的石榴角闪岩.虽然这些角闪岩化学成分十分相近,都具有富钙贫钠和高的Mg/（Mg+Fe）比值,但在结构、构造和矿物组成等方面存在显著差异,据此将它们划分为两类.第一类角闪岩基质中不含石英,保存在变斑晶中的少量残余矿物组合为石榴石+绿辉石+硬柱石+蓝闪石+金红石,指示峰期硬柱石榴辉岩相变质条件,富钛矿物全部为金红石.第二类角闪岩强烈面理化,面理由绿色角闪石、绿帘石和绿泥石以及条带状石英集合体构成.石榴石粒度呈双峰式分布,粗粒比细粒低钙低锰.基质和包体中均未发现高压变质特征矿物绿辉石和蓝闪石.富钛矿物以榍石为主,金红石和钛铁矿仅存在于个别石榴石中.两类角闪岩的石榴石成分具有较大区分度,前者的钙含量较高而镁含量较低.P-T视剖面计算显示它们的峰期条件为480~520 ℃,30~33 kbar,均达到超高压范围,与哈布腾苏河下游及以西地区的榴辉岩相似,表明西南天山超高压变基性岩构成沿中天山南缘断裂延伸数十千米的独立地质单元,不存在所谓的俯冲隧道混杂现象.   相似文献   

14.
Analyses of coexisting garnets, clinopyroxenes and plagioclases from eclogites and high pressure granulitic gneisses in the Kristiansund area within the west Norwegian basal gneiss region are used to establish the P-T conditions for the metamorphic peak for these rocks. Based on the distribution of Fe and Mg between coexisting garnet and clinopyroxene in both eclogite and granulites, equilibrium temperatures are estimated to 750 °±50 ° C. Pressures are derived from the absence of orthopyroxenes in the granulites, and from the assemblage clinopyroxene +plagioclase+quartz present in the gneisses. Equilibrium pressures are estimated to 18.5±3.0 kilobars, and these equilibrium conditions are thus compatible with equilibrium conditions derived for both orthopyroxene-free and most orthopyroxene-bearing country-rock eclogites from adjacent areas.  相似文献   

15.
The ultrahigh-pressure eclogites from the northern Dabie Mountains in central China occurred as tectonic lens or blocks within granitic gneisses or meta-peridotites. Petrologic studies suggest that the studied eclogites experienced strongly retrogressive metamorphism and produced a series of characteristic retrogressive microstructures. The retrograde structures mainly include: (1) oriented needle mineral exsolution, e. g. , quartz needles in Na-clinopyroxene and rotile, clinopyroxene and apatite exsolution in garnet formed under decreasing pressure conditions during exhumation; (2) symplectite, especially, two generations of symplectites developed outside the garnet grains, which are called ““double symplectite““ here; (3) compositional zoning of minerals such as garnet and clinopyroxene; (4) minerals with a reaction rim or retrograde rim, e.g. , omphacite with a diopside rim, diopside with an amphibole rim and rutile with a rim of ilmenite. These retrograde textures, especially mineral zoning and symplectite, provide important petrologic evidence for the exhumation process and uplift of high-grade metamorphic rocks such as eclogite in the northern Dabie Mountains, indicating a rapid exhumation process.  相似文献   

16.
The Shirokaya Salma eclogite‐bearing complex is located in the Archean–Palaeoproterozoic Belomorian Province (Russia). Its eclogites and eclogitic rocks show multiple clinopyroxene breakdown textures, characterized by quartz–amphibole, orthopyroxene and plagioclase lamellae. Representative samples, a fresh eclogite, two partly retrograded eclogites, and a strongly retrograded eclogitic rock, were collected for this study. Two distinct mineral assemblages—(1) omphacite+garnet+quartz+rutile±amphibole and (2) clinopyroxene+garnet+amphibole+plagioclase+quartz+rutile+ilmenite±orthopyroxene—are described. Based on phase equilibria modelling, these assemblages correspond to the eclogite and granulite facies metamorphism that occurred at 16–18 kbar, 750–800°C and 11–15 kbar, 820–850°C, respectively. The quartz–amphibole lamellae in clinopyroxene formed during retrogression with water ingress, but do not imply UHP metamorphism. The superfine orthopyroxene lamellae developed due to breakdown of an antecedent clinopyroxene (omphacite) during retrogression that was triggered by decompression from the peak of metamorphism, while the coarser orthopyroxene grains and rods formed afterwards. The P–T path reconstructed for the Shirokaya Salma eclogites is comparable to that of the adjacent 1.9 Ga Uzkaya Salma eclogite (Belomorian Province), and those of several other Palaeoproterozoic high‐grade metamorphic terranes worldwide, facts allowing us to debate the exact timing of eclogite facies metamorphism in the Belomorian Province.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract The prograde metamorphism of eclogites is typically obscured by chemical equilibration at peak conditions and by partial requilibration during retrograde metamorphism. Eclogites from the Eastern Blue Ridge of North Carolina retain evidence of their prograde path in the form of inclusions preserved in garnet. These eclogites, from the vicinity of Bakersville, North Carolina, USA are primarily comprised of garnet–clinopyroxene–rutile–hornblende–plagioclase–quartz. Quartz, clinopyroxene, hornblende, rutile, epidote, titanite and biotite are found as inclusions in garnet cores. Included hornblende and clinopyroxene are chemically distinct from their matrix counterparts. Thermobarometry of inclusion sets from different garnets record different conditions. Inclusions of clinozoisite, titanite, rutile and quartz (clinozoisite + titanite = grossular + rutile + quartz + H2O) yield pressures (6–10 kbar, 400–600 °C and 8–12 kbar 450–680 °C) at or below the minimum peak conditions from matrix phases (10–13 kbar at 600–800 °C). Inclusions of hornblende, biotite and quartz give higher pressures (13–16 kbar and 630–660 °C). Early matrix pyroxene is partially or fully broken down to a diopside–plagioclase symplectite, and both garnet and pyroxene are rimmed with plagioclase and hornblende. Hypersthene is found as a minor phase in some diopside + plagioclase symplectites, which suggests retrogression through the granulite facies. Two‐pyroxene thermometry of this assemblage gives a temperature of c. 750 °C. Pairing the most Mg‐rich garnet composition with the assemblage plagioclase–diopside–hypersthene–quartz gives pressures of 14–16 kbar at this temperature. The hornblende–plagioclase–garnet rim–quartz assemblage yields 9–12 kbar and 500–550 °C. The combined P–T data show a clockwise loop from the amphibolite to eclogite to granulite facies, all of which are overprinted by a texturally late amphibolite facies assemblage. This loop provides an unusually complete P–T history of an eclogite, recording events during and following subduction and continental collision in the early Palaeozoic.  相似文献   

18.
江苏东海榴辉岩向斜长角闪岩转化的研究   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11  
东海榴辉岩曾被俯冲到上地幔，而后又折返回地表，经历了宽广的温度、压力、应力、流体条件等变化范围，形成了大量矿物反应结构，为研究岩石矿物反应提供了很好的素材。本文选取东海地区一个保留从初始榴辉岩到斜长角闪岩完整退变质序列的榴辉岩体作为研究对象，通过详细的显微结构观察、矿物成分分析、成分空间分析、成分迁移估算，揭示了东海榴辉岩向斜长角闪岩的转化过程。该过程可划分为两个阶段：早期为替代绿辉石的后成合晶形成阶段，通过绿辉石内部端元组分间的反应实现，反应产物之一的Fe^2 与金红石结合形成钛铁矿，Ca、Mg被排出到绿辉石体系之外。晚期退变为流体的渗滤交代作用，表现为石榴子石被角闪石部分取代、后成合晶的角闪石化，以及黝帘石、白云母的形成。退变质的最后阶段为石榴子石被绿帘石 角闪石 赤铁矿完全替代。榴辉岩转化成含帘石的斜长角闪岩。  相似文献   

19.
High-pressure mafic granulites (including retrograded eclogites) have been reported from the Trans-North China Orogen, a Paleoproterozoic orogenic belt along which two discrete continental blocks, referred to as the Eastern and Western Blocks, were amalgamated to form the North China Craton. Extensive metamorphic investigations and geochronology carried out over the last few years provide important insights into the age and significance of these high-pressure granulites, which are critical in understanding of the timing and tectonic processes involved in the assembly of the North China Craton.Most high-pressure mafic granulites in the Trans-North China Orogen preserve the high-pressure granulite facies assemblage garnet + plagioclase + clinopyroxene + quartz, the medium-pressure granulite facies assemblage garnet + plagioclase + clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene ± quartz, the low-pressure granulite facies assemblage orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene + plagioclase ± quartz, and the amphibolite facies assemblage hornblende + plagioclase. Minor high-pressure granulites preserve the early eclogite facies mineral assemblage of garnet + quartz + omphacite pseudomorph (clinopyroxene + Na-rich plagioclase), indicating that they are retrograded eclogites. These mineral assemblages and their P–T estimates define a clockwise P–T path involving near-isothermal decompression and cooling following the peak high-pressure metamorphism, which suggests that they formed during continent–continent collision. Field mapping and geochronology indicate that the precursors of these high-pressure granulites were mafic dykes which were emplaced at 1915 Ma and underwent high-pressure granulite facies metamorphism at 1.85 Ga. Taken together, the high-pressure granulites in the Trans-North China are considered to have resulted from final collision between the Eastern and Western Blocks to form the North China Craton at 1.85 Ga, not at 2.5 Ga as recently proposed by some authors.  相似文献   

20.
1∶5万区域地质调查首次在中祁连地块北缘发现的退变榴辉岩,呈构造岩块分布于大羊陇一带的变质基底中。岩相学和矿物学研究显示,石榴石的矿物包体和化学成分具有进变质环带的特征,属于C类榴辉岩。石榴石核部成分以及残留于核部的黑云母、斜长石等矿物包体代表了进变质阶段(M1)矿物组合,计算得到其温压条件为568～580 ℃和0.80～0.82 GPa。大致估算得峰期榴辉岩相阶段(M2)温压条件为(669±5) ℃和(2.1±0.2) GPa。石榴石“白眼圈”结构指示了等温减压退变质作用,利用局部的平衡矿物获得高角闪岩相退变质阶段(M3)的温压条件为681～705 ℃和0.68～0.71 GPa。进一步的退变质作用发生在低角闪岩相条件下,以基质中出现粗粒的角闪石和斜长石为特征,估算得到这一阶段(M4)温压分别为500～545 ℃和0.38～0.43 GPa。上述变质过程形成一个顺时针的p-T演化轨迹,暗示板片经历过快速俯冲和折返。榴辉岩的锆石CL图像显示锆石大部分发光度低,为无分带、弱分带或海绵状分带,边部发育宽约5 μm的强阴极发光带,主体表现为变质增生锆石的特征。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得峰期榴辉岩相变质的上限年龄为(485±22) Ma。根据岩石地球化学特征和构造环境判别,大羊陇榴辉岩的原岩为MORB,推测属于北祁连洋壳的组成部分。结合中祁连地块北缘广泛发育弧岩浆岩,确定了晚寒武世-中奥陶世北祁连洋壳存在向南的俯冲作用,其俯冲极性为南北双向俯冲。  相似文献   

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