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1.
国际埃迪卡拉系年代地层学研究进展与发展趋势 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
埃迪卡拉系为国际地层表新增的新元古界最上部的系级年代地层单位，层型剖面被确定为南澳大利亚弗林德斯山脉依诺拉马河剖面，其底界点位（GSSP）选定为埃拉逖那冰成杂砾岩（Elatina diamictite）之上盖帽碳酸盐岩努卡利那组（Nuccaleena Formation）的下界（Gradstein et al．，2004；Knoll et al．，2004）。我国修定后的震旦系与埃迪卡拉系完全相当，底界以南沱冰碛岩之上盖帽碳酸盐岩的下界为界。本文综合国际地层委员会新元古代地层分会以及相关国家和地区近年来在埃迪卡拉系年代地层学领域研究的新进展、存在问题以及未来发展趋势作一概要介绍，以期引起国内晚前寒武纪地层古生物学者的广泛关注。 相似文献
2.
塔里木盆地奥陶系层序地层格架 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
在不同沉积相区典型露头、钻井及地震层序综合分析基础上,将塔里木盆地奥陶系海相地层划分出8个可全盆地对比的三级层序(OSQ1～OSQ8),首次建立了综合露头层序、钻井层序及地震层序划分的层序地层格架,建立了年代地层、牙形石生物地层、岩石地层与层序地层之间的相互关系(表1)。首次提出海相碳酸盐岩全岩或生物化石壳的碳同位素值可作为全球海平面变化的良好指标。在相似气候带及沉积环境具备相近的碳酸盐沉积速率的假设条件下,当沉积相分析所得到的相对海平面变化趋势与全岩碳同位素分析反映的全球海平面变化趋势总体一致时,说明碳酸盐层序的发育主要受控于全球海平面变化,反之则主要受控于区域构造沉降运动。鉴于这样的分析原理,我们认为塔里木盆地下奥陶统层序OSQ1及层序OSQ2属于主要受控于全球海平面变化的稳定加积型层序,而中、上奥陶统层序OSQ3～层序OSQ8则属于全球海平面总体上升背景下主要受区域构造运动控制形成的构造淹没型层序。 相似文献
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"青藏高原南部空白区基础地质调查与研究"计划项目新成果、新进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《沉积与特提斯地质》2005,25(1):2-8
通过2004年度各相关图幅的大力工作，在基础地质、矿产和资源等方面取得了大量实际材料，综合研究区域构造．地层格架、青藏高原地质图和青藏高原南部火山岩及其地球动力学意义等，取得重要进展和新认识，在矿产资源、旅游和人文景观等方面也取得重要阶段性成果。 相似文献
4.
通过2 0 0 4年度各相关图幅的大力工作,在基础地质、矿产和资源等方面取得了大量实际材料,综合研究区域构造地层格架、青藏高原地质图和青藏高原南部火山岩及其地球动力学意义等,取得重要进展和新认识,在矿产资源、旅游和人文景观等方面也取得重要阶段性成果。 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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燕山地区中元古代常州沟组潜穴化石 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
在燕山地区中元古代常州沟组中发育有大量的潜穴化石，潜穴产于常州沟组中部的泥质粉砂岩中。潜穴呈个体较大的直管状，垂直层面保存。这是我国迄今为止发现的最古老的遗迹化石，表明在距今近1800Ma前就已出现古老的后生动物，这对于研究后生动物的起源及演化具有重要意义。 相似文献
8.
综合运用钻井、测井、地震等资料,将黄骅坳陷目前的勘探热点地区——歧北次凹的主要勘探目的层段,即沙一下亚段划分为4个四级层序和8个五级层序,建立了沙一下亚段高精度层序地层格架。结合属性提取和测井约束反演等地球物理方法技术,在高精度层序地层格架约束下对歧北次凹目标层内单个地质体进行多层次多角度的精细刻画,研究其空间展布,并剖析其内部结构特征,分析地质体的控制因素。研究发现:物源供给、断裂陡坡带及断裂转换带对地质体的发育具有重要的控制作用,最后提炼出地质体发育模式,为研究区隐蔽油气藏的勘探和开发提供科学依据。 相似文献
9.
在计算山前侧向补给量的方法中,最常用的就是达西断面法,但达西断面法需要获取较多的参数,对于山前无钻孔或只有少量钻孔且水文地质研究程度较低的区域,很难采用达西断面法来计算得到山前侧向补给量。对于无法运用达西断面法但存在完整式截潜工程的山丘区,可以结合完整式截潜工程的截潜量利用水量均衡法计算山前侧向补给量。 相似文献
10.
环境中硒形态分析方法的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
硒的形态研究是了解环境中硒的毒性、生物可利用性、迁移和生物地球化学循环等方面的基础,其研究方法一般分为直接和间接法。本文总结了环境中硒形态的研究方法,特别是对环境样品中常用的硒形态分析技术——连续化学浸提技术作了全面详细的讨论,并综述了其它硒形态分析方法的最新动态。 相似文献
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《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2005,337(1-2):97-106
This paper reports on glacier variations in two mountainous regions of the world, the Alps and the tropical Andes. Available records of snout position and glacier mass balance are compared and interpreted on a climatological basis. In both regions, there is a long-term decreasing trend over the 20th century. The yield of this trend is different from one glacier to the other, depending on geographic and geometric characteristics. Analysing the surface energy balance, net all wave radiation is the main energy flux at the glacier surface. The turbulent fluxes represent an important term with strong positive sensible heat flux in the Alps and strong negative latent heat flux (sublimation) in the Andes. Tropical glaciers are sensitive to inter-annual variations in solid precipitation that affects the albedo, whereas Alpine glaciers are strongly influenced by air temperature changes in the Alps. To cite this article: C. Vincent et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005). 相似文献
13.
鄂尔多斯地块南缘处在盆地与秦岭造山带之间这一盆—山结合的过渡部位,由于构造位置的特殊性,自古生代以来其构造及沉积面貌与盆地腹部地区存在较大差异,具体表现在：1）早古生代沉积开始早、结束晚;2）晚古生代沉积开始晚;3）印支期西南部发生局部坳陷沉降;4）燕山晚期盆地南部强烈抬升（远高于盆地东部的同期抬升）;5）喜马拉雅期渭河地区快速沉陷与渭北隆升。盆地南部经历了3次大的构造格局转换：一是晚古生代末—印支期西南部“由隆到坳”的构造转换;二是印支期末—燕山期主体构造走向由北西—南东向到南北向的转换（构造转向）;三是燕山期末—喜马拉雅期渭河地区由强烈隆升到快速沉降的转换（构造反转）。盆地南部在不同时期所表现出的与盆地本部的不同耦合特征均根源于区域大地构造背景的差异：1）早古生代处于活动大陆边缘构造环境;2）海西期—印支期受古特提斯洋开裂—闭合的影响;3）燕山期受古太平洋板块俯冲的影响;4）喜马拉雅期受印度板块俯冲与太平洋板块俯冲的共同制约。鄂尔多斯地块南缘经历强烈伸展与造山过程,引起了其与盆地腹部的构造—沉积分异。 相似文献
14.
The significant role of the drainage area’s geological background in the formation of the groundwater runoff in the active
water-exchange zone was revealed for the first time on the basis of long-term observations of streams of the Upper Kolyma
River region during the autumn-winter low-water period, when the rivers are fed only by the groundwater recharge. The analysis
of all the available data made it possible to define the characteristic periods in the autumn-winter low-water season. The
waters of the seasonally thawed layer play the dominant role in the river’s recharge in September; the suprapermafrost water,
in January; and the subgelisol water (nonfreezing water streams) during the 30-day-long period of the minimal flow. The quantitative
parameters of the groundwater runoff corresponding to its module during this period reflect the water influx to the active
water-exchange zone. It is established that the latter is minimal in the In’yali-Debin synclinorium, which consists of sedimentary
rocks formed in deepwater trough environments. Their subsequent transformation proceeded under the action of subduction-accretionary
and shear strains. The water availability in the active water-exchange in the Ayan-Yuryakh anticlinorium zone is substantially
higher, although the Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic sedimentary formations of this area were also deposited in deepwater
trough settings, but their subsequent evolution was related to the uplift of the anticlinorium. The maximal watering is observed
in the active water-exchange zone of the Omulevka terrane, which is composed of Paleozoic terrigenous-carbonate and carbonate
formations. The differences in the hydrogeological regimes of the terranes may be significant with respect to their geoecology. 相似文献
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Tishkov A. A. Krenke A. N. Titova S. V. Belonovskaya E. A. Tsarevskaya N. G. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2021,497(2):348-353
Doklady Earth Sciences - Changes in the phytomass of the ecosystems of Northern Eurasia were traced based on the results of modeling and analysis of multispectral satellite imagery (MODIS archives... 相似文献
17.
The Mesoproterozoic successions in the North China Craton (NCC) and the Qinling–Qilian–Kunlun Orogens have been revised using the new and highly reliable age data. Many Proterozoic strata in the Qinling–Qilian–Kunlun Orogens, such as the Qinling, Jinshuikou and Beidahe groups that have been ascribed to be Paleoproterozoic are actually of Mesoproterozoic Era. The most significant advances are recent geochronological studies on the Mesoproterozoic stratigraphy and magmatic events in the NCC. The boundary age between the Dahongyu Formation and the overlying Gaoyuzhuang Formation is well constrained to be ∼1600 Ma, corresponding to the boundary age between Statherian and Calymmian. The boundary between the Tieling Formation and the overlying Xiamaling Formation is best positioned at ∼1400 Ma, which is coeval with the boundary between Calymmian and Ectasian, and is about 400 Myrs older than the conventional value of 1000 Ma originally defined by the All China Commission of Stratigraphy. Hence the Jixianian System, including the Gaoyuzhuang, Yangzhuang, Wumishan, Hongshuizhuang and Tieling formations in ascending order, is comparable with the Calymmian System in the International Stratigraphic Chart. The lower boundary of the Changchengian System, the first system of the Mesoproterozoic in China Regional Stratigraphic Chart, also needs revision from the conventional 1800 Ma to ∼1650 Ma well constrained by the zircon U–Pb ages 1673 ± 10 Ma (LA-MC-ICP-MS) and 1669 ± 20 Ma (SHRIMP) of a granite-porphyry dike that was overlain unconformably by the basal conglomerate of the Changzhougou Formation, the first formation of the Changchengian System. Therefore, the earliest Mesoproterozoic sequence in the NCC represented by the Changchengian and Jixianian Systems in the Yanliao Aulacogen is identical to that of the Vindhyan Supergroup in Central Indian and the Riphean Series in Russia. On the other hand, a series of 1.8–1.6 Ga anorogenic magmatic records were well-preserved around the NCC, which marked the initial rifting of the Columbia Supercontinent in the NCC. The magmatic events can thus be subdivided into three phases with peaks at ca 1.77 Ga, ca 1.70 Ga and ca 1.63 Ga, respectively. In addition to 1.8–1.6 Ga magmatic events, some minor volcanic eruptions at ca 1.56 Ga and 1.44 Ga, and wide-spread bi-modal magmatic intrusions at 1.35–1.32 Ga have been recognized in the northern NCC, marking the continued rifting of the Columbia Supercontinent since ∼1.8 Ga. 相似文献
18.
关中盆地大荔地区地下水氟水文地球化学规律 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了研究关中盆地大荔地区氟的水文地球化学规律,采集239个地下水样品及35个土壤样品,分析了水化学类型和水化学组分对氟的影响,结果表明在弱碱性环境下,重碳酸钠型是促进氟富集并增强围岩向地下水中转化的主要因素;硫酸钙镁型的地下水抑制氟富集。水化学组分中Na+、Cl-、HCO3-、pH与氟呈正相关,而Ca2+则抑制水溶液中氟含量增加;迁移系数与HCO3-、pH呈正相关关系,与其他主要离子呈负相关关系。利用Preeqic软件分析了饱和指数和Ca2+、F-的离子活度,得出萤石的平衡控制着氟和钙的水文地球化学行为,F-可能来源于萤石和方解石的分解。 相似文献
19.
松辽盆地三肇地区榆树林油田葡萄花油层储层沉积模式 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
葡萄花油层是大庆外围榆树林油田刚刚投入开发的一个主要产油层。本文从取心井出发，通过储层层次划分及单井相分析，利用大量地质，测井资料详细研究了榆树林油田葡萄花油层储层沉积微相特征，确定葡萄花油层属于河控三角洲沉积，发育三种亚相:三角洲水上平原亚相，三角洲外前缘亚相，三角洲内前缘亚相，进一步划分为八种微相:水上分流河道，河间洼地，河间沼泽，水下分流河道，河口坝，支流间湾，席状砂和三角洲前缘泥。在此基础上，编制了各小层沉积微相平面展布图，结合区域地质特征，首次建立了榆树林油田葡萄花油层储层沉积模式。 相似文献
20.
《Atmósfera》2014,27(1):77-89
Wind power density, vertical velocity profiles, and other wind characteristics were established using a 51 m meteorological mast located very close to the shoreline on the northwest of the Yucatan peninsula in the Gulf of Mexico. A comparative study of the wind power density was carried out using information obtained between September 2010 and September 2011. The wind speed probability density function was found to be bimodal due to sea-land breezes, a characteristic that becomes less evident as the vertical distance to the ground increases. The distinction between these two wind regimes was used to fit the Weibull-Weibull curve using a linear least-squares criterion in the parameters. In addition, numerical simulations from a mesoscale model are in close agreement with measurements above z = 50 m (z is the vertical distance to the ground). This result suggests that some mesoscale simulations may serve as a preliminary wind energy assessment tool in coastal zones with extended low-lying areas. 相似文献