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陕西汉中汉台区地质灾害易发性和危险性分区评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
由于地形地貌、岩体土类型、人类工程活动等地质灾害影响因子不同,汉台区地质灾害分布极不均匀,表现在北部山区崩塌地质灾害密度大,中南部粘性土滑坡较多。本文在地质灾害详细调查的基础上,利用地质灾害影响因子综合指数法,进行地质灾害易发程度分区评价,并以易发区和地质灾害隐患点险情等级进行点对区的空间叠加,形成地质灾害危险程度分区评价,为汉台区地质灾害防治管理部门提供了防治对策依据,尤其对陕南移民搬迁选址提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
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汉台区地处秦巴山区,地质条件复杂,地形地貌差异明显,地质灾害分布极不均匀。2008年“5．12汶川大地震”和2010年陕南山洪后地质灾害频发,严重制约着当地社会经济的发展。在进行详细的地质灾害野外调查和室内资料整理、数理统计分析的基础上,充分的研究了地质灾害的发育特征和分布规律。汉台区地质灾害类型主要有滑坡、崩塌、泥石流三种,滑坡以小型残坡积层滑坡为主、崩塌以中型岩质崩塌为主、泥石流主要由采矿弃渣引发;北部中低山区的河东店镇、武乡镇、汉王镇地质灾害发育,南部平原区地质灾害不发育。地质灾害发育特征及分布规律的研究为地方政府地质灾害的防治、减灾工作提供了依据。 相似文献
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汉台区地处秦巴山区,地质条件复杂,地形地貌差异明显,地质灾害分布极不均匀。2008年“5.12”汶川大地震和2010年陕南山洪后地质灾害频发,一定程度上制约着当地社会经济的发展。基于对汉台区地质灾害的详查,分析汉台区地质环境条件,讨论该区地质灾害的发育特征、分布规律和形成条件。提出汉台区地质灾害防治对策主要为避让措施、工程治理措施和树立警示牌。 相似文献
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安庆市大别山区是滑坡频发的地区,通过广泛收集本区滑坡地质防治工程勘查资料,在分析研究本区滑坡防治工程勘查方法经验的基础上,提出适用的滑坡地质灾害防治工程勘查与设计技术,对我省其他地区的滑坡防治亦可起到借鉴指导作用。 相似文献
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滇中地区是云南省地质灾害的多发区之一。区内主要地质灾害类型有滑坡、泥石流、崩塌、地面塌陷及地裂缝五种。其中以滑坡和泥石流为主,灾害点分布较广且个体规模小,稳定性较差。此次通过对区内地质灾害诱因及分布现状的分析,阐述了地质灾害防治分区划分原则,将滇中地区划分为地质灾害重点防治区、次重点防治区及一般防治区三个大区,并提出了相应的防治措施。 相似文献
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滑坡是地质灾害常见的一种,由于滑坡地质灾害的突发性,会造成重大的经济损失和人员伤亡,所以滑坡地质灾害的防治是一项非常重要的工程,采用合理的防治方法既可以节约资金又可以达到预期的防护目的,因此在这里总结了几种滑坡的防治方法,为以后的工程实践提供借鉴. 相似文献
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通过了解矿山气象气候、地形地貌、地质特征、水文特征和岩土工程特征的基础上,结合矿山实际情况,从矿山现状和预测等方面进行了矿山地质灾害评估。现状评估表明,该矿山主要发育有滑坡;预测评估表明,该矿山可能引发的地质灾害主要为崩塌和滑坡,加剧的地质灾害为滑坡,可能遭受的地质灾害主要为崩塌、滑坡和地（路）不均匀沉降。根据评估结果,提出了挡护工程、排水工程和植被恢复工程等防治措施,对该矿山地质灾害作出有效的防治工作。 相似文献
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新疆南天山迪那河流域地质灾害成因及防治对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
迪那河流域地质灾害类型具有多样性,对工程影响较大的为崩塌、滑坡、泥石流和洪水、季节性冻土.根据迪那河地区独特的地理位置,对各种地质灾害的分布特点、类型、成因等进行了分析,通过野外实地勘察,得出该地区崩塌成因以坡脚水流侵蚀为主,滑坡、泥石流和洪水以暴雨诱发为主的结论.另外,得出该地区的地质灾害具有小型、密集、频繁、季节性发生的特点.最后结合该地区公路、铁路、油井、油气管线等构筑物的特性,给出了各种地质灾害的防治对策,对于西部工程建设具有一定的借鉴意义. 相似文献
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许鹏飞 《地质灾害与环境保护》2017,28(1)
滑坡是地质灾害中最常见的一种类型,因滑坡类型不同,规模不等,危害程度不一,工程治理措施多样。浙江地区属地质灾害多发地区,尤以滑坡居多,特别是近年来,受极端天气影响,台风降雨频繁,人类活动强烈,地质灾害呈多发群发态势,给百姓的生命和财产安全带来了严重危害,社会影响强烈,因此加大地质灾害治理力度势在必行。本文以浙江青田县山区滑坡为例,阐述分析滑坡特征、稳定状况,并重点介绍回填反压在工程中的应用以及治理效果,为以后同类地质灾害的治理提供借鉴作用。 相似文献
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物探方法在研究三峡库区滑坡中的应用前景 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
介绍了滑坡的地质－地球物理特征，指出了滑坡中的物性参数分布和滑坡产生的地球物理异常都和稳定边坡有明显的不同，为用物探方法研究滑坡提供了良好的地质－地球物理前提；对物探方法在滑坡时的应用进行了介绍，用实例说明了物探方法可以成功地用来研究滑坡地段的工程地质条件和预测滑直过程；对三峡为哎应用物探方法研究滑坡的必要性和可能性进行了探讨。 相似文献
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2013年7月22日,中国甘肃省岷县漳县交界地区发生MS6.6级地震。地震触发了大量的滑坡,主要类型为小型的黄土崖崩、滑、倾,还有一些深层连贯型滑坡、大型土质流滑、侧向滑移等地震滑坡类型。本文主要基于地震滑坡野外考察与高分辨卫星影像人工目视解译方法,开展本次地震触发滑坡的编录图制作工作,并基于编录成果开展地震滑坡空间分布规律分析工作。滑坡编录结果表明此次地震至少触发了2330处滑坡。基于GIS平台下开展了地震滑坡与地形控制因子、地质控制因子与地震控制因子的关系统计。结果表明岷县漳县地震滑坡受地形因子的控制作用较小; 受地层岩性的控制作用较大。其中1401处滑坡(占总滑坡的60.13%)分布在下伏基岩为古近系下统地层(Eb)砾岩与砂岩的区域内,其中滑坡密度是所有地层分类中最高的,达到22.78个km-2。地震滑坡与PGA的统计关系并不明显。地震滑坡主要集中在一个与发震断层走向一致的长条形区域内,长约14km,宽约5km。该区域内滑坡数量为1864个,占所有滑坡数量的80%,表明了岷县漳县地震滑坡空间分布的密集特征。文章获得的基于地震事件的区域滑坡编录成果是后续地震滑坡相关科学研究的重要基础与核心数据; 空间分布规律分析成果可为地震区滑坡与泥石流防灾减灾提供科学参考。 相似文献
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发生在黄土高原的1920年12月16日的海原MS8.5级大地震触发了大量的滑坡,这些滑坡直接造成了大量的人员伤亡。近年来,出现了一些关于本次地震触发滑坡的专题研究,然而,这些研究多是基于局部震区或者个别单体滑坡进行,极少有关于该地震触发滑坡详细全面的成果出现。这种情况已经成为了深入理解海原地震触发滑坡的规模与程度、发育规律等的障碍。本研究拟基于谷歌地球平台,采用人工目视解译方法,以海原地震高烈度区（Ⅸ~Ⅺ）为研究区,开展地震滑坡解译工作,并分析这些滑坡的分布规律与影响因子之间的关系。结果表明本次地震在Ⅸ~Ⅺ度区内触发了至少5384处滑坡,滑坡总面积为218.78 km2。滑坡密度最高的区域为Ⅸ烈度圈的北西部分。通过分析这些滑坡与地形、地震、地质等因子的关系发现,高程1700~2000 m为滑坡的高发与高易发区间;大多数滑坡集中发育在坡度15°~25°范围内,滑坡密度随着坡度的增加而显著增加;坡位越低,也就是距离河流越近,滑坡密度越大;新生代地层、尤其是第四系黄土覆盖地区是海原地震滑坡发生的主要区域,也是高易发区域。本文为探索黄土地区地震滑坡发育规律、减轻黄土地震滑坡灾害等提供了科学参考。 相似文献
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Rainfall-induced landslides constitute a major public concern in Hong Kong. This paper investigates two aspects of critical importance to landslide hazard and risk assessment and management: magnitude–cumulative frequency relationship for landslides, and relationship between rainfall and the occurrence of landslides. The results indicated that landslides with a failure volume of not less than 4 m3 have a cumulative frequency–size distribution with a power-law dependence on volume of failure. Analysis of rainfall/landslides showed that the 12-hour rolling rainfall is most important in predicting the number of landslides. Failure volume dependency in the relationships between rainfall and the number of landslides is also presented. However, with an increase in failure volume of landslides, the most important rainfall variable may vary from rainfall of short duration (12-h rolling rainfall) to that of relatively long duration (24-h rolling rainfall). 相似文献
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对莆田市历年来发生的土质滑坡进行综合研究,建立土质滑坡的地质概念模型,并分析其成因机理和影响因素,提出了土质滑坡隐患区预测方法,对土质滑坡地质灾害的防治具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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On July 22, 2013, an earthquake of Ms. 6.6 occurred at the junction area of Minxian and Zhangxian counties, Gansu Province, China. This earthquake triggered many landslides of various types, dominated by small-scale soil falls, slides, and topples on loess scarps. There were also a few deep-seated landslides, large-scale soil avalanches, and fissure-developing slopes. In this paper, an inventory of landslides triggered by this event is prepared based on field investigations and visual interpretation of high-resolution satellite images. The spatial distribution of the landslides is then analyzed. The inventory indicates that at least 2330 landslides were triggered by the earthquake. A correlation statistics of the landslides with topographic, geologic, and earthquake factors is performed based on the GIS platform. The results show that the largest number of landslides and the highest landslide density are at 2400 m–2600 m of absolute elevation, and 200 m–300 m of relative elevation, respectively. The landslide density does not always increase with slope gradient as previously suggested. The slopes most prone to landslides are in S, SW, W, and NW directions. Concave slopes register higher landslide density and larger number of landslides than convex slopes. The largest number of landslides occurs on topographic position with middle slopes, whereas the highest landslide density corresponds to valleys and lower slopes. The underlying bedrocks consisting of conglomerate and sandstone of Lower Paleogene (Eb) register both the largest number and area of landslides and the highest landslide number and area density values. Correlations of landslide number and landslide density with perpendicular- and along-strike distance from the epicenter show an obvious spatial intensifying character of the co-seismic landslides. The spatial pattern of the co-seismic landslides is strongly controlled by a branch of the Lintan-Dangchang fault, which indicates the effect of seismogenic fault on co-seismic landslides. In addition, the area affected by landslides related to the earthquake is compared to the relationship of “area affected by landslides vs. earthquake magnitude” constructed based on earthquakes worldwide, and it is shown that the area affected by landslides triggered by the Minxian–Zhangxian earthquake is larger than that of almost all other events with similar magnitudes. 相似文献
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Retrogressive landslides are common geological phenomena in mountainous areas and on onshore and offshore slopes. The impact of retrogressive landslides is different from that of other landslide types due to the phenomenon of retrogression. The hazards caused by retrogressive landslides may be increased because retrogressive landslides usually affect housing, facilities, and infrastructure located far from the original slopes. Additionally, substantial geomorphic evidence shows that the abundant supply of loose sediment in the source area of a debris flow is usually provided by retrogressive landslides that are triggered by the undercutting of water. Moreover, according to historic case studies, some large landslides are the evolution result of retrogressive landslides. Hence the ability to understand and predict the evolution of retrogressive landslides is crucial for the purpose of hazard mitigation. This paper discusses the phenomenon of a retrogressive landslide by using a model experiment and suggests a reasonably simplified numerical approach for the prediction of rainfall-induced retrogressive landslides. The simplified numerical approach, which combines the finite element method for seepage analysis, the shear strength reduction finite element method, and the analysis criterion for the retrogression and accumulation effect, is presented and used to predict the characteristics of a retrogressive landslide. The results show that this numerical approach is capable of reasonably predicting the characteristics of retrogressive landslides under rainfall infiltration, particularly the magnitude of each landslide, the position of the slip surface, and the development processes of the retrogressive landslide. Therefore, this approach is expected to be a practical method for the mitigation of damage caused by rainfall-induced retrogressive landslides. 相似文献