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1.
Early-Middle Permian Reef Frameworks and Reef-building Models in the Eastern Kunlun Mountains 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
TIAN Shugang Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing FAN Jiasong Institute of Geology Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2001,75(2):115-125
Reef frameworks and building models of the Early-Middle Permian in the eastern Kunlun Mountains have been verified through studies of reef-building communities, palaeoecology and carbonate facies. The eastern Kunlun reefs are built mainly by 6 reef-building communities, which include 11 major categories of frame-building organisms and 6 categories of reef-associated organisms. Eight types of reef-frames have been distinguished and eleven kinds of rocks identified to belong to 6 reef facies. Three sorts of reefs classified by previous researchers, namely mudmounds, knoll reefs and walled reefs, are well developed in the study area. Such reef-facies association and reef distribution show that there are 4 models of reef growth and development, i.e. the tidal-bank knoll-reef model, the plateau-margin wall-reef model, the composite wall-reef model and the deep-water mudmound model. The reefs are mainly constructed by calcareous sponge and calcareous algae, which are similar to all Permian reefs in other area 相似文献
2.
The Early Ordovician System is composed mainly of a series of carbonate platform deposits interbedded with shale and is especially characterized by a large number of organic reefs or buildups that occur widely in the research area. The reefs have different thicknesses ranging from 0.5 m to 11.5 m and lengths varying from 1 m to 130 m. The reef-building organisms include Archaeoscyphia, Recepthaculitids, Batostoma, Cyanobacteria and Pulchrilamina. Through the research of characteristics of the reef-bearing strata of the Early Ordovician in the Yichang area, four sorts of biofacies are recognized, which are (1) shelly biofacies: containing Tritoechia-Pelmatozans community and Tritoechia-Pomatotrema community; (2) reef biofacies: including the Batostoma, Calathium-Archaeoscyphia, Pelmatozoa-Batostoma, Archeoscyphia and Calathium-Cyanobacteria communities; (3) standing-water biofacies: including the Acanthograptus-Dendrogptus and Yichangopora communities; and (4) allochthonous biofacies: containing Nanorthis-Psilocephlina taphocoense community. The analysis of sea-level changes indicates that there are four cycles of sea-level changes during the period when reef-bearing strata were formed in this area, and the development of reefs is obviously controlled by the velocity of sea-level changes and the growth of accommodation space. The authors hold that reefs were mostly formed in the high sea level periods. Because of the development of several subordinate cycles during the sea-level rising, the reefs are characterized by great quantity, wide distribution, thin thickness and small scale, which are similar to that of Juassic reefs in northern Tibet. The research on the evolution of communities shows that succession and replacement are the main forms. The former is favorable to the development of reefs and the latter indicates the disappearance of reefs. 相似文献
3.
Having patch reefs,mud mounds and
biostromes,the reef types are various in Silurian strata on the north & south margin
of Sichuan basin.Owing to the simple regional tectonic movement,the diagenesis, process of
the reef carbonate was “progressive diagenesis”which show that the process was from
syngenesis,short time fresh water influence get have strongly influence on the reef
limestones.Among them,the cementation,corroasion,silicification and dolomitization are the
most important.During the burial diagenesis period,the pore spaces in the reefs were
filled by calcite cements with multi-generations.The reservoir capacity of the reefs
decreased because of the weak epidiagensis influence.The organisms skeletons have the
strong influence and reflection to the diagenesis.The original pores and fractures of the
reef limestones are mainly skeleton pores and body cavity with some fenestrae in the
mudstones and thrombolites.Some intergranular pores and inter-spar crystal pores are in
the grainstone.The secondary pores and fractures are epidiagenetically dissoved and
corroded cavities and fractures well as structural fractures.According to the clay mineral
thermal evolution and inclusions analysis.the period of primary migration of hydrocarbon
closed to the burial diagenetic period of the reefs,which was about in the Early
Triassic.There were at least two times hydrocarbon migration traces in the reefs,primary
migration happened in Early Triassic and secondary migration was about the period of
Himalayan orogeny.Because of the strong cementation,the pore spaces in the reef reservoirs
derased. 相似文献
4.
PENG Bo LIU Chenglin LI Zongxing MA Yinsheng CAO Jun ZHANG Wang ZHANG Xu 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(1):349-350
<正>Objective Reef reservoirs have recently been receiving more and more attention due to their important role in petroleum exploration.Large-scale reefs have been previously discovered in the Paleozoic strata of western China,suchas the Late Permian of the Sichuan Basin,Late Ordovician of the Ordos Basin,and Late Ordovician of the Tarim Basin,which are all important hydrocarbon reservoirs in 相似文献
5.
ZHONG Jianhu WEN Zhifeng GUO Zeqing WANG Haiqiao GAO Jianbo Earth Resource Information College University of Petroleum Dongying Shandong Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(3):736-743
Typical reefs in the Paleogene and early Neogene strata of the Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau, China, reveal their internal structures and sedimentation environments and consist mainly of algal reef, stromatolite reef and thrombolite reef with distinct reef structures, fore-reef, back-reef and reef-plateau. The fore-reef is characterized by a combination of pinnacle reef, thrombolite and algal reef. The back reef is composed of stromatolite reef and algal reef. The pinnacle reefs (micro-atoll), most of which are several tens of centimeters in diameter (whereas some exceptionally big ones are over 200 cm in diameter), and several tens of centimeter to 2 m in height, are situated on the far front-edge of the reef; the pinnacle reef is also often of recumbent form with a gravel-filled circular hole in the center. The algal reef is in the form of dome and irregular beds, and filled with algal detritus, ostracodes, spirorbis fossils, ooid and terrigenous debris, and worm traces; cavities and scour marks are of 相似文献
6.
Reef-controlled mineral deposits in southern China are divided into three types in this paper based on the relative importance of organic reefs in the ore-forming processes; they are: the direct type, indirect type, and passive type. The case histories of several typical deposits are discussed. In studying reef-controlled deposits, more attention should be paid to the function of synsedimentary faults in reef construction and mineralization and the importance of oil-gas palaeoreservoirs in reef rocks for the formation of sulfide deposits, in addition to analysing the favourable sedimentary facies of mineralization. 相似文献
7.
《《地质学报》英文版》2002,76(2)
Reef-building Mechanism in the Early-Middle Permian of the East Kunlun Mountains TIAN Shugang(Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037) and FAN Jiasong(Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029) Reef-building was controlled by the community succession, sea-level elevation and basement changes caused by tectonics. Six kinds of reef-bnilding communities have been sorted out, which possess different compositions and occupy respective ecological sets. Types and thriving of communities were distinctive and replaced one after another in the four stages of reef development. Sedimentary cyclothems are clearly discernible in the reef-facies strata, which could be divided into 相似文献
8.
ZHOU Xinyuan WANG Zhaoming YANG Haijun ZHANG Lijuan HAN Jianf WANG Zhenyu 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(1):179-188
The Tazhong reef-flat oil-gas field is the first large-scale Ordovician organic reef type oil-gas field found in China. Its organic reefs were developed in the early Late Ordovician Lianglitag Formation, and are the first large reefs of the coral-stromatoporoid hermatypic community found in China. The organic reefs and platform-margin grain banks constitute a reef-flat complex, mainly consisting of biolithites and grainstones. The biolithites can be classified into the framestone, bafflestone, bindstone etc. The main body of the complex lies around the wells from Tazhong-24 to Tazhong-82, trending northwest, with the thickness from 100 to 300 m, length about 220 km and width 5-10 km. It is a reef-flat lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir, with a very complex hydrocarbon distribution: being a gas condensate reservoir as a whole with local oil reservoirs. The hydrocarbon distribution is controlled by the reef complex, generally located in the upper 100-200 m part of the complex, and largely in a banded shape along the complex. On the profile, the reservoir shows a stratified feature, with an altitude difference of almost 2200 m from southeast to northwest. The petroleum accumulation is controlled by karst reservoir beds and the northeast strike-slip fault belt. The total geologic reserves had reached 297.667 Mt by 2007. 相似文献
9.
A Study of Devonian Reefs from Southern China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
G.FLAJS 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(4):727-739
Three Devonian reefs (bioherms) from Yunnan and Guangxi, southern China, are studied in detail. Six microfacies types are differentiated. Colonial rugose corals (Columnaria, Disphyllum and Hexagonaria) at Qujing, tabulate corals (Alveolites) with massive stromatoporoids (Actinostroma and Stromatoporella) and sponges at Panxi, and massive stromatoporoids (Actinostroma, Trupetostroma and Stromatoporella) at Yangshuo belong to the most important reef builders. All the three reefs studied clearly reveal a successive evolution history. They developed on the carbonate banks, shallow carbonate platforms and platform margins in the Late Givetian and terminated in the Frasnian due to sea-level falls related to local uplifts of platforms. This coincides with a eustatic fall of relative sea level at the Frasnian/Famennian transition. 相似文献
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贵州紫云二叠纪生物礁的基本特征及其发育规律 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
贵州紫云二叠纪生物礁是我国二叠纪发育最好的生物礁之一。该地区生物礁包括茅口阶堤礁、吴家坪阶珊瑚层、长兴阶堤礁和点礁。本文通过大比例尺地质填图和剖面测量，系统地研究了该地区生物樵的沉积学特征和古生物学特征，建立了成因模式。研究结果表明，紫云二叠纪生物礁类型较多。礁组合相带齐全，礁骨架结构极为典型，古岩溶十分发育。生物礁发育程度具有明显的旋回性，海平面的相对变化和古气候是控制生物礁发育的主要因素。 相似文献
12.
对我国二叠纪生物礁的类型、演化规律及研究方法进行了系统的总结。按造礁生物种类的不同可将二叠纪生物礁分为珊瑚礁和海绵礁;按古地理位置的不同可分为岸礁、台地边缘礁及点礁。生物礁研究的方法包括传统方法、结合成岩作用的方法、定量地层学方法、地球化学方法及地球物理方法等。最后对东昆仑地区最新发现的生物礁作了简单的介绍。 相似文献
13.
二叠纪生物礁广泛发育于我国南方碳酸盐岩地区。鉴于许多研究者从成礁的外部环境因素来探讨生物礁的发育模式,笔者从我国南方二叠纪生物礁的内部成礁因素分析,即从主要造礁生物——钙质海绵和钙质藻类等的生物学和生态学特征、埋藏和保存特点方面进行分析,继而提出了华南二叠纪海绵礁的成礁模式。此模式不同于其它地质历史时期生物礁的成礁模式 相似文献
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贵州紫云晚二叠世-早三叠世初火山作用与生物礁的沉积演化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
晚二叠世长兴期是华南地区重要的成礁期,也是火山事件频发的一个时期。生物礁是一种对海洋环境十分敏感的生态系,晚二叠世的火山作用势必影响到当时生物礁的生长和沉积相的演化。然而,前人有关晚二叠世火山事件的研究主要集中在二叠系与三叠系界线附近,而对整个长兴期生物礁的演化与火山事件关系的研究则较少。选择贵州紫云的台地边缘礁为研究对象,通过大量磁化率的测试,分析整个晚二叠世生物礁的沉积演化与火山作用的关系。分析结果显示,长兴早期和末期岩石的磁化率值明显偏高,反映较强的火山活动。在这两个时期,造架生物相对不发育。长兴中期,岩石的磁化率值相较于长兴早期和长兴晚期总体偏低,表明火山活动相对较弱,导致生物礁的快速生长。但长兴中期生物礁灰岩中夹有几层生物碎屑灰岩,其磁化率值有小幅度的升高,说明短时期小规模的火山作用虽然导致了生物礁生长的暂时中断,但礁相动荡的环境使得火山灰中细小的铁磁性物质难以沉积下来。研究发现,尽管早三叠世早期泥岩具有高的磁化率值,但泥质岩中多层火山黏土具有异常高的磁化率值,火山灰物质对磁化率大小的影响远远超过陆源物质的贡献。 相似文献
19.
川东-鄂西地区二叠纪生物礁成因类型及潜伏礁预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从相对海平面升降对礁生长发育控制的角度建立新的生物礁成因分类 (进积礁、并进礁和退积礁 ) ,据此描述川东—鄂西地区二叠纪生物礁的属性 ,认为该区进积礁和退积礁并存。根据礁体的进积和退积方向对潜伏礁进行预测 ,指出鄂西地区见天坝礁群的东南侧应该存在层位相当于长兴组三段的潜伏礁带 ,华蓥山—川东成礁带以西可能存在层位相当于长兴组三段顶的潜伏礁带。 相似文献