Verification and Assessment of Real-time Forecasts of Two Extreme Heavy Rain Events in Zhengzhou by Operational NWP Models     

钟水新  庄妍  胡胜  陈子通  丁伟钰  冯业荣  邓涛  刘显通  张艳霞  徐道生  戴光丰  蒙伟光 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2021,27(4):406-417

In the present study, the performances of the NWP models on two heavy rainfalls on 20 July and 22 August 2021 over Henan Province were investigated. The impacts of the water vapor transport to the extreme rainfall were further discussed. The results showed that the regional model system in the Guangzhou Meteorological Service generally showed high scores on the extreme rainfall over Henan. The maximum 24h accumulative rainfall by the 24h forecasts by the CMA-GD reached 556 mm over Henan Province. The 24-h and 48-h Threat Score (TS) of heavy rainfall reached 0.56 and 0.64. The comparisons of the Fraction Skill Score (FSS) verifications of the heavy rainfall by CMA-GD and CMA-TRAMS at the radium of 40km reached 0.96 and 0.87. The water vapor transport to the extreme rainfall showed that the vertically integrated water vapor transport (IVT) of the whole layer before the occurrence of the heavy rainfall exhibited a double-eyes distribution in case 7 · 20. The north eye over Henan reached the same magnitude of IVT as the typhoon eye (Cempaka) over south China. The IVT over the lower troposphere (<500 hPa) showed an overwhelming magnitude than the upper level, especially in the planetary boundary layer (<700 hPa). More practical technical needs to be developed to improve its performances on the forecasting of extreme rainfall, as well as more experiments need to be conducted to examine the effects of the specific terrain and physical schemes on the extreme rainfall.  相似文献   

华南区域高分辨率数值模式前汛期预报初步评估     

林晓霞  冯业荣  陈子通  简云韬 《热带气象学报》2021,37(4):656-668

基于华南地区自动站逐小时观测资料, 采用传统站点评分、邻域法等评估华南区域高分辨率数值模式(包括GRAPES_GZ_R 1 km模式和GRAPES_GZ 3 km模式)对降水、地面温度和风场等要素的预报能力。结果表明: GRAPES_GZ_R 1 km模式的降水预报技巧优于GRAPES_GZ 3 km模式, 模式预报以正偏差为主。对于不同起报时间的预报, 00时(世界时, 下同)起报的预报效果优于12时。GRAPES_GZ_R 1 km模式的TS评分是GRAPES_GZ 3 km模式的两倍以上, 对不同降水阈值的评分均较高。分数技巧评分(FSS)显示GRAPES_GZ_R 1 km模式6 h累计降水预报在0.1 mm、1 mm及5 mm以上的降水均可达到最低预报技巧尺度, 对所检验降水对象的空间位置把握能力更好。2 m气温和10 m风速检验结果表明两个模式均能较好把握广东省温度的分布特征, GRAPES_GZ_R 1 km模式对2 m气温预报结果优于GRAPES_GZ 3 km模式, 预报绝对误差更小; 两个模式对风速的预报整体偏强, 预报偏差在1~4 m/s之间, 但相比之下GRAPES_GZ 3 km模式在风场预报上表现更好。GRAPES_GZ_R 1 km模式的2 m气温和10 m风速预报偏差随降水过程存在明显波动, 强降水过后温度预报整体偏低, 风速预报偏强, 在模式产品订正、使用等需要考虑模式对主要天气系统的预报情况。总的来说, GRAPES_GZ_R 1 km模式的预报产品具有较好的参考价值。   相似文献   

扬子克拉通核部中元古代-古生代沉积地层Nd同位素演化特征及其地质意义     

白晓  凌文黎  段瑞春  邱啸飞  刘成新  匡华  高永娟  周炼  陈子万  卢山松 《中国科学:地球科学》2011,(7):972-983

扬子克拉通陆核位于湖北西部宜昌和神农架地区,区内出露了前寒武纪早期结晶基底和较完整的元古宙-显生宙沉积盖层.论文报道了对区域内中元古代至早古生代沉积地层细粒沉积岩开展系统的Nd同位素地球化学研究的结果.从中元古代晚期经新元古代南华纪至古生代奥陶纪,研究区沉积地层的Nd同位素模式年龄显示了由2.5~2.8Ga,经1.5~1.7至1.8~2.1Ga的＂V＂字型演化,相应的εNd（t）值发生了由低（？11~？14）经峰值（？1.1~？5.3）至新低值（？7.9~？9.9）的变化.该演化趋势与前人发表的扬子克拉通东南缘和江南造山带同期沉积地层的演化特征相似,指示了约0.8Ga的新元古代或稍早时期,整个华南陆块发生了有地幔物质加入的大规模构造岩浆事件.然而,扬子陆核区中元古代早期地层具有大范围变化的模式年龄（约1.5~2.7Ga）和εNd（t）值（1.38~？12.0）,且中元古代晚期地层为太古宙模式年龄,指示扬子克拉通的核部和东南缘中元古代盆地具有不同的沉积物源,两区域之间应存在陆内裂（凹）陷或分隔的大洋.此外,新元古代扬子陆块和江南造山带相似的演化形式和古生代早期地层相近的模式年龄,指示经约0.9Ga的扬子-华夏陆块拼合后,华南陆块开始具有了共同的沉积盆地和物源.因此,扬子克拉通于前新元古代可能由次一级的不同陆块组成,直至Rodinia超大陆的聚合过程才导致了原始华南陆块的形成.  相似文献   

华南燕山晚期构造-岩浆事件与成矿作用——来自广西大瑶山龙头山金矿床的地球化学约束   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

段瑞春  凌文黎  李青  陈子万  刘立芬  杨红梅 《地质学报》2011,85(10):1644-1658

广西贵港大瑶山成矿带位于华南东南沿海成矿带西南端,对矿带内龙头山金矿黄铁矿化斑岩进行定年的结果为96.1±3.0 Ma,与区域内邻近的平天山侵入岩体(96.2±0.4 Ma)相同.龙头山矿床的Sr同位素组成与其锆石的REE特征表明,成矿作用伴随有大量的流体参与;矿化斑岩与区内侵入相岩石相同的形成时代以及矿化斑岩中锆石C...  相似文献   

THE LIMITATION OF CLOUD-BASE MASS FLUX IN CUMULUS PARAMETERIZATION AND ITS APPLICATION IN A HIGH-RESOLUTION MODEL     

徐道生  陈子通  钟水新  温焰军  谢东东 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2015,21(S1):11-22

A large area of unrealized precipitation is produced with the standard convective parameterization scheme in a high-resolution model, while subgrid-scale convection that cannot be explicitly resolved is omitted without convective parameterization. A modified version of the convection scheme with limited mass flux at cloud base is introduced into a south-China regional high-resolution model to alleviate these problems. A strong convection case and a weak convection case are selected to analyze the influence of limited cloud-base mass flux on precipitation forecast. The sensitivity of different limitation on mass flux at cloud base is also discussed. It is found that using instability energy closure for Simplified Arakawa- Schubert Scheme will produce better precipitation forecast than the primary closure based on quasi-equilibrium assumption. The influence of the convection scheme is dependent on the upper limit of mass flux at cloud base. The total rain amount is not so sensitive to the limitation of mass flux in the strong convection case as in the weak one. From the comparison of two different methods for limiting the cloud-base mass flux, it is found that shutting down the cumulus parameterization scheme completely when the cloud-base mass flux exceeds a given limitation is more suitable for the forecast of precipitation.  相似文献   

A Method of Initial Vortex Relocation and Numerical Simulation Experiments on Tropical Cyclone Track   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

袁金南  宋丽莉  黄燕燕  陈子通  刘春霞  丁伟钰 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2011,17(1):36-42

Using the technique of smooth filtering and cylindrical filtering, the initial vortex circulation and large-scale environmental field were separated from the background field. Then the separated initial vortex circulation was translated and reinserted in the location where it was observed. This led to the determination of a method of initial vortex relocation. For seven tropical cyclones at 23 points of measurement time in the years of 2006 and 2007, two schemes, either directly adding a tropical cyclone bogus model in the background or adding it after the relocation of the initial vortex in the background field, were employed. Simulation experiments were compared. The results showed that the mean errors of the simulated tropical cyclone tracks at 24 and 48 hours were both smaller with the scheme of adding tropical cyclone bogus model after the relocation of the initial vortex in the background field. The relocation method of the initial vortex decreases the error caused by the deviation of the initial tropical cyclone location in tropical cyclone models. The relocation method is conducive to improving the track forecast of tropical cyclone models and has a good perspective for operational application.  相似文献   

全球变暖背景下广东省近60年来极端气温时空变化特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄强  陈子  刘占明 《热带地理》2012,32(3):246-251

根据1951―2010年广东省26个气象站点的气温资料,统计了6个极端气温指数,采用线性倾向估计、Mann-kendall趋势和突变检验等方法对广东省极端气温时空变化特征进行了分析。结果表明,在时间上,近60年来广东省气温总体上具有倾向极端的趋势,但倾向极端高温的趋势不明显,而倾向极端低温的趋势却十分明显。6个极端气温指数均检测到有突变发生,突变时间集中在20世纪90年代和21世纪初期,除了指数TX90%(暖日天数),其余5个指数——SU(夏日天数)、FD(霜日天数)、TN90%(暖夜天数)、TX10%(冷日天数)、TN10%(冷夜天数)在突变后均呈现增加趋势,并且速度加快。与1961―1980年气温倾向极端的趋势不明显相比,1981―2010年气温倾向极端的趋势非常明显,并且具有倾向极端高温和极端低温的双向趋势。而在空间差异上,4个相对阈值指数在空间上的分布均为镶嵌式的分布,大致呈现出中部与东西两端一致,北部的变化幅度最小。  相似文献   

meso-SAS对流参数化方案的改进及其在9 km分辨率模式中的应用   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

徐道生  张艳霞  王刚  蒙伟光  陈子通 《热带气象学报》2015,31(5):608-618

在分辨率为9 km的华南中尺度模式中引进meso-SAS方案,结合一次季风槽内的华南暖区暴雨天气过程,对原meso-SAS方案中存在的一些问题进行了分析和改进。利用高分辨率模式对积云覆盖比进行诊断,结果表明在9 km网格中积云覆盖比已经不能再忽略不计,因此meso-SAS要比SAS方案更加适用于该模式。原meso-SAS方案中估算的积云覆盖比大致合理,但是分布很不连续,容易导致计算不稳定,通过格点平均垂直速度估算积云覆盖比可以避免出现这个问题。对于受大尺度强迫场影响不是很明显的局地性强降水过程,原meso-SAS方案中使用的“准平衡”闭合假设会引起比较大的降水预报偏差,使用不稳定能量的松弛调整进行闭合可以有效地改善降水预报效果。   相似文献   

0～6 h定量降雪(雨)预报技术及其在温哥华冬奥会中的应用     

冯业荣  徐穗珊  梁巧倩  陈子通  王东海  朱红芳 《广东气象》2013,35(1):6-13

利用中尺度数值预报模式与雷达回波外推技术相结合,围绕SNOWV10项目的科学目标,在自动判识降水相态(雨、雪或雨雪混合物)基础上,利用雷达反演降雪(雨)关系,建立短时(0～6 h)定量降雪(雨)预报方法,并集成到GRAPES-SWIFT临近预报系统,为温哥华冬奥会提供实时场馆预报产品.从2010年2月冬奥会使用情况看,所建立的定量降雪(雨)预报技术,一定程度满足高纬度冬季降雪(雨)临近预报预警的需求,但降水(雨或雪)预报量级偏小,针对场馆的降水预报起止时间节奏偏差较大,各时次预报一致性有待改进.  相似文献   

南海台风模式TRAMS 3.0的技术更新和评估结果     

徐道生  陈子通  张艳霞  戴光丰  钟水新  张邦林  陈德辉  吴乃庚  吴凯昕  李昊睿 《气象》2020,46(11)

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