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甘孜-理塘蛇绿混杂岩带位于西南"三江"多岛弧盆系东缘,是研究古特提斯洋发展演化的重要组成部分,一直备受地质学者瞩目。本文以甘孜-理塘蛇绿混杂岩带中段新龙-理塘地区新发现的大量洋岛型岩石组合为研究对象,通过对其岩石组合以及沉积特征分析将研究区不同类型洋岛型岩石组合依次划分为台地相村戈岩组、斜坡相达森隆洼岩组、坡脚相阿达隆岩组。通过同位素年代学和古生物化石研究表明研究区洋岛型岩石组合的形成时代从早二叠世到晚三叠世均有分布,暗示甘孜-理塘洋盆在早二叠世时期就已存在成熟洋壳,并且洋岛火山活动一直持续至晚三叠世。根据不同类型洋岛型岩石组合的分布特征以及变质变形上的差异,推测甘孜-理塘蛇绿混杂岩带中段新龙-理塘地区洋岛残片不应该归属于单个古洋岛,而应是不同时期、不同古洋岛相继俯冲、消减和就位后的残片。该项研究进一步丰富了甘孜-理塘蛇绿混杂岩带的演化内容,为正确认识甘孜-理塘洋盆构造演化过程提供新的资料和证据。 相似文献
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甘孜—理塘蛇绿混杂岩带为西南"三江"多岛弧系的重要组成部分,为区域上义敦岛弧带与扬子板块间的重要界线。研究区洋岛型岩石组合主要为晶屑熔结凝灰岩、泥晶灰岩,局部夹少量的硅质岩、玄武岩,各端元之间均呈整合接触。对基性火山岩进行详细的岩石地球化学研究表明, SiO_2含量为47.16%～54.30%,TiO_2含量为2.76%～5.66%,MgO含量为5.29%～6.65%,K2O含量介于0.82%～3.66%之间,Na_2O含量在2.52%～3.66%之间变化,属于碱性玄武岩系列。稀土总量∑REE=195.21×10–6～341.81×10–6,(La/Yb)N=11.75～13.62,无明显铕异常,相对富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th、K和高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf,稀土和微量元素配分模式类似于OIB。基性火山岩微量元素判别表明其形成于洋岛构造环境,岩石成因研究表明其起源于地幔源区而没有遭受明显的陆壳物质混染。晶屑熔结凝灰岩的锆石U-Pb定年结果为(245.1±1.5) Ma,这表明该洋岛型基性火山岩形成时代为中三叠世早期。研究区洋岛型岩石组合的发现丰富了甘孜—理塘蛇绿混杂岩带的研究内容,为区域上甘孜—理塘洋盆中三叠世时期构造演化提供了直接的物质证据。 相似文献
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甘孜-理塘蛇绿混杂岩带是西南三江构造带的重要组成部分,经历了古特提斯构造体系的演化,形成完整的沟-弧-盆体系。义敦岛弧属甘孜-理塘弧盆系范畴,位于甘孜-理塘缝合带西侧。对义敦岛弧勇杰岩体开展详细的岩石学、地球化学、年代学研究,为甘孜-理塘洋盆晚三叠世构造演化研究提供新的证据。义敦勇杰岩体黑云母二长花岗岩和花岗质细晶岩的锆石UPb年龄分别为214.2±1.4Ma和206.2±1.8Ma,整体属高钾钙碱性弱过铝质花岗岩;稀土元素配分曲线具轻稀土元素相对富集、重稀土元素相对平坦的特征,负Eu异常明显;微量元素表现为大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th、U、K相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti亏损的特征,显示勇杰岩体黑云母二长花岗岩明显具俯冲型花岗岩的特征,而花岗质细晶岩具有碰撞型花岗岩的特征。总体反映晚三叠世甘孜-理塘洋盆从俯冲至碰撞的地球动力学背景,应属理塘蛇绿混杂岩带碰撞造山过程的产物。 相似文献
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四川木里杨房沟闪长岩体锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及其构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
四川木里地区杨房沟黑云母石英闪长岩体位于甘孜-理塘蛇绿混杂岩带南段以东,其锆石U-Pb年龄值为210±1Ma,表明其成岩年龄为晚三叠世。岩体属于高钾钙碱性系列,其稀土元素配分曲线呈向右缓倾型,轻稀土元素富集明显,Eu负异常明显,表明岩浆演化过程中部分斜长石经历了结晶分离过程。构造环境判别图解显示,木里杨房沟黑云母石英闪长岩形成于与甘孜-理塘蛇绿混杂岩带闭合的火山弧构造环境。 相似文献
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西南“三江”格咱火山-岩浆弧中红山-属都蛇绿混杂岩带的厘定及其意义 总被引：13，自引：10，他引：3
义敦岛弧南段的格咱火山-岩浆弧的东西斑岩带在成矿期次、成矿作用等方面存在较大差异性,二者之间是否有大型构造单元的存在,与东部代表洋壳消减的甘孜-理塘主蛇绿混杂岩带关系如何等一直是悬而未决问题。研究发现,区内存在由断续出露镁铁-超镁铁堆积杂岩,以及尼汝组玄武岩、硅质板岩和复理石、灰岩等岩片组成的红山-属都蛇绿混杂岩带,属于甘孜-理塘洋壳早期俯冲残留次级蛇绿混杂岩带,与主蛇绿混杂岩带及格咱火山-岩浆弧构成了本区构造格架。其中,红山-属都蛇绿混杂岩带将格咱弧分为东西两个斑岩成矿带。本蛇绿混杂岩带的厘定,为进一步研究甘孜-理塘洋范围、俯冲时限、构造演化、甘孜-理塘洋是否存在两次俯冲,及格咱弧东西斑岩带成矿规律提供了基础资料,并对指导区域找矿具有一定意义。 相似文献
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西准噶尔玛依勒山枕状熔岩地质特征及大地构造意义 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
玛依勒蛇绿混杂岩带位于西准噶尔增生造山带西南缘.本文重点研究分布于玛依勒山一带枕状熔岩的地质地球化学特征和形成时代,为讨论西准噶尔造山带的形成演化提供依据.玛依勒山蛇绿混杂岩剖面中枕状熔岩、放射虫硅质岩和岩墙等出露较齐全,枕状熔岩为一套碱性玄武岩,源区为富集地幔,构造环境可能为洋盆中海山或洋岛.枕状熔岩Rb-Sr同位素等时线年龄为(435.3±6.5)Ma和(432.5±7.4)Ma,说明其形成时代为志留纪.奥陶—志留纪时,沿玛依勒一线可能出现较开阔的洋盆,现存的玛依勒枕状熔岩和超镁铁质岩代表了志留纪海山或洋岛残片. 相似文献
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西准噶尔是近年来中亚造山带的研究热点地区之一,发育多条蛇绿混杂岩带。随着研究的深入,蛇绿岩混杂岩带中不断有碱性洋岛玄武岩被识别出来。本文对克拉玛依及达尔布特蛇绿混杂岩中的晚泥盆世枕状玄武岩进行详细的岩石地球化学及Sr?Nd同位素组成研究。结果表明西准噶尔晚泥盆世枕状玄武岩属于碱性玄武岩系列,岩石具有高TiO2 （2.3%～3.8%）及P2O5 （0.38%～0.91%）,低MgO （2.41%～4.97%）,轻、重稀土元素分异较为明显,(La/Yb)N = 5.1～14.5,无明显Eu异常（Eu/Eu* = 0.96～1.1）,相对富集Rb、Th、U,亏损Ba、K、Sr,没有明显Nb、Ta负异常,这些地球化学特征与洋岛玄武岩（OIB）极其相似。克拉玛依及达尔布特蛇绿混杂岩中枕状玄武岩具正εNd(t)值（3.3～4.4）及年轻的模式年龄（0.83～0.72 Ga）,表明其来源于亏损地幔源区,通过同位素及微量元素研究认为源区可能为富辉石的橄榄岩,或不含橄榄石的辉石岩和角闪石岩,克拉玛依及达尔布特蛇绿混杂岩中的晚泥盆世枕状玄武岩形成于大洋板内与地幔柱有关的海山/大洋岛屿环境。这些明显不同于大陆板内具有富集特征的塔里木大火成岩省,它们分别属于两个明显不同的同位素地球化学省,即以富集型地幔为同位素组成的南部省及以亏损型地幔为同位素组成的北部省。 相似文献
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东南亚特提斯构造格架复杂,特别是印支板块西缘琅勃拉邦-黎府构造带构造演化及区域构造线连接更是争议不断. 通过老挝西北部填图工作,首次在黎府构造带北部南莫溪地区发现保存完整的蛇绿混杂岩,为探讨黎府构造带的属性以及区域古地理格局,选取了蛇绿混杂岩中的含放射虫硅质岩、辉长岩以及洋岛海山中的礁灰岩,开展了岩相学、古生物学、锆石LA?ICP?MS U?Pb年代学、岩石地球化学研究. 结果表明,该蛇绿混杂岩出露端元包括蛇纹岩、蛇纹石化橄榄岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩、玄武岩和硅质岩,蛇绿岩套层序特征完整;辉长岩LA?ICP?MS锆石U?Pb年龄为350.4±3.3 Ma,成岩为早石炭世;洋岛海山中珊瑚种属为Thamnopora sp.和Paracravenia sp.,所属时代为中二叠世;硅质岩岩石地球化学元素特征指示其为生物成因,沉积环境为洋盆或开阔的盆地环境,放射虫共鉴定出9属30种,所属时代为中泥盆世-早石炭世. 综合本次研究,反映出南莫溪蛇绿混杂岩所代表的洋盆具有长期的演化历史,从晚泥盆世开始,一直持续到中二叠世还未结束,演化时间至少超过135 Ma,指示了该蛇绿混杂岩代表残留的古特提斯洋盆,而非弧后盆地. 认为黎府构造带向北应与琅勃拉邦构造带相连,且该区域从晚泥盆世开始一直存在古特提斯洋. 相似文献
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白云山蛇绿混杂岩是北山造山带中红柳河-牛圈子-洗肠井蛇绿岩带的一部分,由蛇纹石化二辉橄榄岩、蛇纹岩、辉长岩(堆晶辉长岩、块状辉长岩)、基性枕状熔岩(变玄武岩)及深海-次深海远洋、半远洋相沉积物(硅质岩、板岩)、白云岩等组成。其中辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果为496.4±2.2 Ma,指示蛇绿岩形成于晚寒武世;混杂带中玄武岩地球化学特征为洋底玄武岩,兼有洋岛碱性玄武岩(OIB)和洋脊玄武岩(MORB)的地球化学性质,枕状熔岩与硅质岩交互产出,指示其形成环境为深水洋盆。结合区域地质资料,推测该蛇绿混杂岩带为寒武纪洋中脊存在的遗迹。 相似文献
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KIEFFER BRUNO; ARNDT NICHOLAS; LAPIERRE HENRIETTE; BASTIEN FLORENCE; BOSCH DELPHINE; PECHER ARNAUD; YIRGU GEZAHEGN; AYALEW DEREJE; WEIS DOMINIQUE; JERRAM DOUGAL A.; KELLER FRANCINE; MEUGNIOT CLAUDINE 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(4):793-834
The Ethiopian plateau is made up of several distinct volcaniccentres of different ages and magmatic affinities. In the NE,a thick sequence of 30 Ma flood basalts is overlain by the 30Ma Simien shield volcano. The flood basalts and most of thisshield volcano, except for a thin veneer of alkali basalt, aretholeiitic. In the centre of the province, a far thinner sequenceof flood basalt is overlain by the 22 Ma Choke and Guguftu shieldvolcanoes. Like the underlying flood basalts, these shieldsare composed of alkaline lavas. A third type of magma, whichalso erupted at 30 Ma, is more magnesian, alkaline and stronglyenriched in incompatible trace elements. Eruption of this magmawas confined to the NE of the province, a region where the lavaflows are steeply tilted as a result of deformation contemporaneouswith their emplacement. Younger shields (e.g. Mt Guna, 10·7Ma) are composed of Si-undersaturated lavas. The three maintypes of magma have very different major and trace element characteristicsranging from compositions low in incompatible elements in thetholeiites [e.g. 10 ppm La at 7 wt % MgO (=La7), La/Yb = 4·2],moderate in the alkali basalts (La7 = 24, La/Yb = 9·2),and very high in the magnesian alkaline magmas (La7 = 43, La/Yb= 17). Although their Nd and Sr isotope compositions are similar,Pb isotopic compositions vary considerably; 206Pb/204Pb variesin the range of 相似文献
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J. E. Ortiz T. Torres Y. Yanes C. Castillo J. De La Nuez M. Ibez M. R. Alonso 《第四纪科学杂志》2006,21(3):287-306
Aminochronological and aminostratigraphical methods have been used to study the Quaternary aeolian deposits from the islands located east of the Canary Archipelago (Fuerteventura and Lanzarote islands and La Graciosa, Montaña Clara and Alegranza islets). The extent of racemisation/epimerisation of four amino acids (isoleucine, aspartic acid, phenylalanine and glutamic acid) was measured in land snail shells of the genus Theba. The age calculation algorithms of these amino acids have been determined to permit the numerical dating of these deposits. Eight Aminozones, each defining dune/palaeosol‐formation episodes, have been distinguished and dated at 48.6 ± 6.4, 42.5 ± 6.0, 37.8 ± 4.6, 29.4 ± 4.8, 22.4 ± 4.5, 14.9 ± 3.6, 11.0 ± 4.0 and 5.4 ± 1.1 ka BP, the first five of them defining cycles of 5–7 ka. The alternation of palaeosols and aeolian deposits, which are related to abrupt transitions from humid to arid conditions, are the reflection of globally induced changes in North Africa palaeoenvironmental conditions linked to the effect of African palaeomonsoons on the trade winds and the Saharan Air Layer. Probably these aeolian cycles, with a recurrence period of 5–7 ka, are the expression of multiples of the ～2.4 ka solar‐cycle. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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A paleomagnetic, rock-magnetic and paleointensity study has been carried out on 14 basaltic lava flows from two Pliocene (K–Ar age between 3.09 ± 0.10 Ma and 4.00 ± 0.15 Ma) sequences (Apnia and Korxi) from the eastern Djhavakheti Highland in southern Georgia (Caucasus).Measurement of strong-field magnetisation versus temperature curves yielded three types of thermomagnetic curves: (i) Reversible curves with magnetite as only remanence carrier (type H); (ii) irreversible curves with magnetite as only carrier of remanence (type H−) and (iii) irreversible curves showing a low Curie-temperature phase and magnetite (type L). Analysis of hysteresis curves showed that samples were characterised by a mixture of single-domain and multi-domain grains.Paleomagnetic experiments allowed determining characteristic components for all flows and normal polarities (6 flows), reversed polarities (7 flows) and intermediate polarities (1 flow) were observed.. Paleomagnetic poles were calculated using only those sites unequivocally showing normal or reversed polarities. The paleomagnetic pole obtained from flows of both combined sequences (latitude λ = 77.9°N, longitude ϕ = 152.1°E, n = 13, A95 = 11.8°, k = 13.4) showed a good agreement with the 5 Ma window of the European synthetic apparent polar wander path of Besse and Courtillot (2002). The paleomagnetic direction of the combined Apnia-Korxi flows agrees well with the expected one, showing no significant tectonic rotation. The latter cannot be however, completely excluded in the Korxi section. In that section, analysis of the angular dispersion of virtual geomagnetic poles yields a much higher value than expected.Paleointensity experiments using the Coe method were performed on 31 specimens from 10 flows. After application of specific selection criteria, 19 samples from 8 flows were observed to provide successful determinations, with mean flow values showing a wide scatter. If only flows with more than one successful paleointensity determination are taken into account, virtual dipole moments (VDMs) vary between 3.5 × 1022 A m2 and 8.3 × 1022 A m2. In intermediate polarity site AP2 no weak transitional paleostrength values were observed. 相似文献
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对芬兰斜长岩中斜长石的宏观和微观观测显示,无晕彩的斜长石包裹体不发育,有晕彩的斜长石发育定向排列的针状包裹体。依据斜长石中包裹体的发育程度,可将包裹体分为两类:密集型包裹体(35～50条/mm)和稀疏型包裹体(25～35条/mm)。发育密集型包裹体的斜长石的晕彩以蓝色为主,发育稀疏型包裹体的斜长石的晕彩以红色或橙红色为主。电子探针、扫描电镜和激光拉曼光谱的分析结果表明,该晕彩斜长石中的所有包裹体在成分上一致,均为磁铁矿,有晕彩的斜长石和无晕彩的斜长石的成分也一致。这表明该斜长岩中的斜长石是否具有晕彩与斜长石的成分、包裹体的成分及斜长石的双晶发育程度无关,而与包裹体的发育程度有关。斜长石和其中定向排列的磁铁矿针状包裹体类似于光学中的光栅效应,斜长石中晕彩的出现可能是光栅衍射和干涉造成的。 相似文献
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Pollen and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from Core SU 81-18 recovered off Portugal (37°46′N, 10°11′W; 3135-m water depth) have been used to document the short-term environmental changes that occurred in southwest Europe since 25,000 yr B.P. The relationship between the oceanic and continental environments has been further examined by the use of other marine proxies (coarse sedimentary fraction, foraminifera) and by comparison with proximal land pollen records. Heinrich 2 (H2) and Heinrich 1 (H1) events were the most extreme parts of the highly variable last glacial period, with the maximum extension of dry steppe on land and the occurrence of cool and dilute waters at the core site. Our study shows that H1 and H2 are divided in two distinct phases: one with Neogloboquadrina pachyderma left coiling associated with the maximum input of ice rafted debris, reflecting the in situ release of icebergs and the occurrence of cool and dilute seawater at the core site; the other with dinoflagellate cysts of subpolar affinity, Bitectatodinium tepikiense, reflecting a seasonal control marked by warm summer SST and cold winter SST. 相似文献
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<正> 过去的天然气成因研究只是指出天然气是属于腐泥型、腐殖型还是混合型。但是天然气既可来源于干酪根裂解气,也可来源于原油(包括胶质和沥青质)的裂解气,而对于腐泥型有机质,天然气绝大部分是来自于干酪根先期生成的原油的裂解气,只有少部分天然气来自于干酪根的裂解。因此,对于母质类型好的有机质,干酪根在成熟阶段生成的油能否 相似文献
18.
G. N. Baturin 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2002,37(5):412-428
The behavior of molybdenum and manganese is studied in phosphorite samples from shelves, seamounts, and islands of the ocean. In shelf phosphorites, molybdenum and manganese contents are 2–128 and 12–1915 ppm, respectively, while the Mo/Mn ratio ranges from 0.004 to 4.5. Phosphorites from oceanic seamounts impregnated with ferromanganese oxyhydroxides contain 0.84–14.5 ppm of Mo and 0.1–17% of Mn. The Mo/Mn ratio ranges within 0.0008–0.004. Phosphate-bearing ferromanganese crusts overlying the seamount phosphorites contain 54–798 ppm of Mo and 10–20% of Mn; Mo/Mn ratio varies within 0.002–0.005. Corresponding values for most island phosphorites are 0.44–11.2 ppm, 27–287 ppm, and 0.008–0.20, respectively. Phosphorites from reduced environments are characterized by a relative enrichment in Mo and depletion in Mn, whereas the Mo/Mn ratio reaches maximum values. The ratio decreases with transition to suboxic and oxic conditions. Molybdenum content in recent shelf sediments is commonly higher than that in authigenic phosphorites from these sediments. Recent phosphorite nodules from the Namibian shelf become depleted in Mo and Mn during their lithification, but Pliocene–Pleistocene nodules of similar composition and origin from the same region are enriched in Mo and characterized by a variable Mn content. The higher Mo content in phosphate-bearing ferromanganese crusts is a result of coprecipitation of Mo and Mn from seawater. Nonweathered phosphorites on continents and phosphorites from oceanic shelves are largely enriched in Mo with the Mo/Mn ratio ranging from 0.01 to 1.0. This is an evidence of their formation in reducing conditions. 相似文献
19.
A. I. Efimov I. V. Chashei M. K. Bird L. N. Samoznaev D. Plettemeier 《Astronomy Reports》2005,49(6):485-494
The results of several sets of measurements of the frequency of radio signals during coronal-sounding experiments carried out from 1991 to 2000 using the ULYSSES and GALILEO spacecraft are presented and analyzed. The S-band signals (carrier frequency f = 2295 MHz) were received at the three 70-m widely spaced ground stations of the NASA Deep Space Network. As a rule, the frequency-fluctuation spectra at frequencies above 1 mHz are power-laws. At small heliocentric distances, R < 10R⊙ (R⊙ is the solar radius), the spectral index is close to zero; this corresponds to a spectral index for the one-dimensional turbulence spectrum p1 = 1. The index of the frequency-fluctuation spectra in the region of the supersonic solar wind at distances R > 30 R⊙ is between 0.5 and 0.7 (p1 = 1.5–1.7). The results demonstrate a substantial difference between the turbulence regimes in these regions: in the region of the established solar wind, the power-law spectra are determined by nonlinear cascade processes that pump energy from the outer turbulence scale to the small-scale part of the spectrum, whereas such cascade processes are absent in the solar wind acceleration region. Near the solar minimum, the change in the turbulence regime of the fast, high-latitude solar wind occurs at greater distances than for the slow, low-latitude solar wind. Spectra with a sharp cutoff at high frequencies have been detected for the first time. Such spectra are observed only at R < 10 R⊙ and at sufficiently low levels of the electron density fluctuations. The measured cutoff frequencies are between 10 and 30 mHz; the cutoff frequency tends to increase with heliocentric distance. The variance of the plasma-density fluctuations has been estimated for the slow, low-latitude solar wind. These estimates suggest that the relative fluctuation level at distances 7 R⊙ < R < 30 R⊙ does not depend on heliocentric distance. The cross correlation of the frequency fluctuations recorded at widely spaced ground stations increases with the index of the frequency-fluctuation spectrum. At distances R ≈ 10 R⊙, the rate of temporal changes in irregularities on the scale of several thousand kilometers is less than or comparable to the solar wind velocity. 相似文献
20.
南岭东段早侏罗世沉积岩碎屑锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义——以东坑盆地为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
印支造山运动是华南早中生代最重要的构造-岩浆事件,它在很大程度上影响了华南现今的地形和地貌特点。本文研究了南岭东段赣南早侏罗世东坑火山岩盆地沉积岩的碎屑锆石U-Pb年代,获得最显著的年龄峰值为196Ma、238Ma、364Ma和427Ma,表明该沉积岩并不是外来的震旦纪-寒武纪变质岩,而是早侏罗世裂谷火山盆地的沉积物。缺乏260～290Ma的锆石年龄,很可能反映物质为近源来源。通过与闽西南晚三叠世和华南内陆中-晚二叠世沉积砂岩中碎屑锆石年龄谱对比,反映华南印支早期(290～260Ma)岩浆活动主体在东南沿海地区,晚期(240～200Ma)主体发育在内陆地区。大量印支期侵入岩锆石的出现也很可能表明华南内陆印支造山带在～190Ma已经经历了相当程度的垮塌。 相似文献