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1.
华南埃迪卡拉系斜坡相带碳稳定同位素特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为验证碳稳定同位素特征在不同沉积环境的变化,选择了斜坡相带张家界田坪埃迪卡拉系剖面进行碳同位素的研究,系统采集了110件碳酸盐岩样品,并在中国地质调查局同位素地球化学开放研究实验室通过MAT-251质谱仪完成了碳、氧稳定同位素测试。测试结果显示,张家界田坪埃迪卡拉系剖面所记录的碳稳定同位素曲线,除了陡山沱组底部的负异常外,和任何已知的这一时期的碳同位素曲线均有较大的差异。从陡山沱组二段中下部开始,δ13 C表现为长期稳定的正漂移。大致在4.0‰附近波动,变化幅度在2.0‰~6.0‰之间,这一趋势一直延续至灯影组二段的中部,随后δ13 C逐渐减小,并在灯影组三段中部降至负值。从田坪剖面所处的古地理位置等因素的综合考虑,该剖面陡山沱组碳同位素δ13C值既受控于氧化还原界面的迁移,同时,也叠加了碳酸盐岩风化作用的影响;而灯影组的碳同位素δ13C值则更多地受控于海平面的变化。 相似文献
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湖北峡东地区牛坪剖面埃迪卡拉系碳同位素组成及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对湖北宜昌埃迪卡拉系牛坪剖面碳酸盐岩进行了高精度的碳、氧同位素分析,微量元素测定。碳同位素演化趋势研究表明,牛坪剖面陡山沱组与灯影组下部存在2 次碳同位素负漂移和3 次显著的碳同位素正漂移。负漂移分别位于陡山沱组底部( EN1) 和陡山沱组中部( EN2) ,δ13C 值分别降低到－ 3. 6‰、－ 2‰。正漂移分别位于陡山沱组下部( EP1) 、上部( EP2) 以及陡山沱组和灯影组界线处( EP3) ,δ13C 分别上升到6. 7‰、7. 1‰、8. 2‰。牛坪剖面埃迪卡拉系δ13C 的演化趋势可与黄陵背斜周缘埃迪卡拉系碳同位素演化趋势对比,表明至少区域上碳同位素化学地层学在埃迪卡拉系划分和对比中具有重要意义。 相似文献
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华南埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱海洋中无机碳同位素组成变化 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
报道了贵州江口桃映深水相剖面陡山沱组碳酸盐岩δ13C值的变化特征,结合其他已报道的数据,分析了华南扬子地区埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱海洋不同沉积环境,包括盆地相、斜坡相、台地相、台地边缘相碳酸盐岩中δ13C变化趋势及绝对值的异同,发现浅水区剖面记录的δ13C漂移次数多于深水区剖面,且不同相区δ13C值也有差异。δ13C值的差异与埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱海洋的阶段性演化密切相关。基于不同相区的δ13C值变化,埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱海洋的演化历史可分为3个时期:1)陡山沱组1段盖帽白云岩沉积期华南扬子地区很可能为一个开阔台地,白云岩中δ13C值可能继承于幔源CO2的碳同位素特征,深水区和浅水区碳酸盐中δ13C值无显著差异;2)陡山沱组2段和陡山沱组3段下部沉积时期盆地深水区中δ13C值显著低于浅水区,且深水区δ13C值与陡山沱组1段时期无显著差异,浅水区的δ13C值则显著升高;3)陡山沱组3段上部和陡山沱组4段沉积时期陡山沱盆地中δ13C值均显著下降,且不同沉积环境中的δ13C值差异度降低。盖帽后埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱海洋阶段性演化主要与不同时期深水区DOC库的逐步氧化有关。 相似文献
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作为新元古代全球冰期结束的标志,盖帽碳酸盐岩在全球广泛分布。盖帽碳酸盐岩特殊的沉积构造和地球化学特征使其长时间以来成为学界研究新元古代冰期事件的重点关注对象。湖北宜昌三斗坪地区埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组底部盖帽碳酸盐岩中具极负碳同位素值(δ^(13)C最低值小于-40‰,VPDB)方解石的形成与甲烷氧化有关,被认为是甲烷水合物释放导致冰期结束和盖帽碳酸盐岩沉积这一假说的关键证据。但也有学者认为这些具极负碳同位素值方解石是在盖帽碳酸盐岩沉积之后形成的,因此与冰期结束和盖帽碳酸盐岩沉积无关。为探讨盖帽碳酸盐岩中具极负碳同位素值方解石的形成时间,本文利用近年来发展迅速的碳酸盐矿物激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)U-Pb定年技术,分别对湖北宜昌九龙湾剖面陡山沱组底部盖帽碳酸盐岩裂隙和孔洞中的暗色方解石、白云石胶结物、白云石围岩进行了年龄测定。测试结果表明,暗色方解石的形成时间为593.7±8.7 Ma(2σ,n=111,MSWD=3.6),比盖帽白云岩沉积时间晚约40Myr,而白云石胶结物和围岩的分析测试获得了与方解石近似的U-Pb年龄,表明后期富甲烷流体的活动也对裂隙早期胶结物和周围的白云岩造成了影响。 相似文献
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基于峡东秭归青林口、泗溪和宜昌晓峰河埃迪卡拉系下部陡山沱组剖面岩石、层序和精细的碳同位素地层研究,在埃迪卡拉系下部陡山沱组底部、下部、中部、上部和顶部分别识别出5次以灰岩出现或黑色页岩增厚为标志的海侵事件,划分出5个可以进行区域对比的三级层序,自下而上分别命名为BDSS,LDSS,MDSS,UDSS和TDSS。以层序界面为对比标志,峡东埃迪卡拉纪不同古地理部位碳同位素组成变化的对比显示峡东埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组中内部发育5次可以进行区域乃至全球对比的碳同位素负异常,分别是分布在BDSS下部的SN1,LDSS上部的SN2,MDSS上部和顶部的SN3和SN4,以及分布在UDSS上部的SN5。其中SN1和SN4碳同位素负偏离最为明显,最小δ13C分别达到-4‰~-5‰和-9‰~-10‰,分别与Marinoan冰期上覆盖帽白云岩以及Gaskier冰碛沉积上、下地层中的碳同位素组成特点接近。SN4是埃迪卡拉系最晚冰期的产物。与SN1是埃迪卡拉系底界划分对比的标志相对比,SN4的出现应该是埃迪卡拉系内部再划分中另一个不可忽视的界线标志。 相似文献
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三峡地区震旦系碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
本文对三峡地区秭归庙河陡山沱组第一段至第三段，宜昌棺材崖陡山沱组第三段上部至灯影组底部以及四溪灯影组石板滩段和白马沱段碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素组成特点的研究结果表明，三峡地区震旦系碳同位素组成与全球新元古代广布的后Martinoan冰期地层δ^13C的分布模式基本一致，本文还讨论了地层中碳同位素组成与生物演化和地层层序发展的关系，指出陡山沱组一段白云岩中δ^13C的负异常可以作为震旦系底界划分的标志，最晚Varanger冰期在三峡地区由陡山沱组三段上部出现的三级层序界面所替代，震旦系内部陡山沱组一段和三段可能形成于Marinoan冰期之后，伊迪卡拉生物分异发展之前，而陡山沱组四段及上覆灯影峡组则大致与国外伊迪卡拉期地层对比。 相似文献
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贵州瓮安地区上震旦统碳同位素特征 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
贵州瓮安磷矿上震旦统碳同位素组成显示，δ１３Ｃ值在垂向地层序列中的变化有明显的规律性。陡山沱组底部白云岩δ１３Ｃ为负值，向上碳同位素值发生显著正飘移，然后，除在陡山沱组中部δ１３Ｃ值有所下降外，δ１３Ｃ值基本上保持在＋２‰左右，一直持续到灯影组。瓮安地区上震旦统碳同位素剖面表现出与湖北峡东及世界其它地区同期碳同位素剖面极大的相似性，显示它们反映了末元古代海水碳同位素值的长期变化趋势。 相似文献
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峡东地区埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组碳同位素特征研究进展与国内外对比 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文重点通过研究峡东地区埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组碳同位素的变化规律, 来探讨其全球地层对比意义。峡东地区埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组经历了三次比较显著的碳同位素负漂移(EN1~EN3)和两次正漂移(EP1、EP2)。第一次碳同位素负漂移(EN1)发生在南沱冰期之后陡山沱组底部“盖帽碳酸盐岩”层位及其上部的白云岩, 与世界其他地区Marinoan冰期之后“盖帽碳酸盐岩”的碳同位素负漂移可进行对比; 第二次碳同位素负漂移(EN2)发生在陡山沱组中部; 第三次负漂移(EN3)发生在陡山沱组顶部, 是该地质历史时期持续时间最长的一期碳同位素负漂移, 同澳大利亚、阿曼、纳米比亚、加里福尼亚、西伯利亚、苏格兰等地碳同位素异常均可进行对比。两次正漂移(EP1、EP2)分别位于第二段中部和第三段的下部, 分别与陡山沱组所含的两个疑源类组合具有很好的对应关系; 而EN3则与陡山沱组上部所含的宏体化石组合(庙河生物群)相对应; 表明碳同位素的变化与生物演化具有一定的对应关系。研究表明, 利用碳同位素变化特征进行埃迪卡拉纪地层洲际对比是行之有效的手段之一。 相似文献
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贵州瓮安陡山沱组剖面碳同位素生物地球化学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在对扬子地台贵州瓮安陡山沱组剖面干酪根碳同住素组成进行分析后发现其变化显示了一定的规律性。碳同住素规律变化反映了最初的沉积信息，特别是有机质埋藏量的变化。获得的陡山沱期沉积岩中碳同位素组成研究结果初步反映了震旦一寒武交变期沉积环境的面貌；碳同位素组成变化规律可以用于反映扬子地台沉积层序和世界同期地层全球碳循环的对比和参考。为扬子区陡山沱期环境变化和生物演化提供了证据。δ^13Cker值在-32．3‰和-24．5‰(PDB)间漂移与δ^13Ccarb值在-4．9‰和3．6‰(PDB)间的变化，反映了当时海水的碳同位素组成。无机和有机碳同位素组成之差的△δorg-carb值沿剖面不断变化，是由于沉积有机质中有促进发酵功能的细菌数量比例变化所致。 相似文献
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Measurements of the ratio on two generations of calcite and the matrix from a single specimen are given and discussed. This ratio has also been determined for four examples of graphite and limestone occurring together. The formation of the graphite is briefly discussed in relation to the ratios. 相似文献
12.
The carbon isotopic ratios obtained from Athabasca bitumen, asphaltene and maltene have the same value . The corresponding values in the Cold Lake deposits are ?30.6, ?30.0 and ?31.6 per ml. The ratios determined for methane collected from the oil sand and its fractions are about 15 per ml lower than the above values. It appears that the Athabasca and Cold Lake Reservoirs have similar histories. 相似文献
13.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(5):497-506
Stability of the isotopic composition of carbon in endogenic terrestrial substances, as well as in meteorites, consistently lower in C13 than the biogenic marine carbonates, suggests both presence and stability of a certain zone under the crust of the earth in which the C systems are maintained at certain equilibria, at different levels, typical of certain geological processes operative therein. Isotopic exchanges and recurrent fractionations of the C isotopes, in the course of the migrations of carbon, are indicated by the available evidence, the net result of which is an impoverishment of C13 in living substance and in its derivatives (oils, coals, etc.), and its enrichment in the biogenic residual carbonates. – IGR Staff. 相似文献
14.
The δ13C values of thirty-four individual amino acids and two pyridine carboxylic acids have been obtained fromthe Murchison meteorite. They were found to range from +4.9 to +52.8‰, with statistically significant differences observed both within and between amino acid subgroups. The 13C content of α-amino acids declines with increasing chain length, a trend similar to the ones previously observed for carboxylic acids and alkanes. Also 2-methyl-2-amino acids were found to be heavier in 13C than the corresponding 2-H homologues. The3-, 4-, and 5-amino acids do not show a comparable declining trend in δ13C values and neither do the amino dicarboxylic acids. This variability in δ 13C values can be interpreted as to indicate that the synthetic histories of soluble organics in meteorites may have been diverse even within groups of compounds with very similar functional group composition. 相似文献
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The isotopic composition of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates and their bearing on the isotopic composition of deep-seated carbon 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
P Deines 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1973,37(7):1709-1733
New carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of carbonates from 14 carbonatite and 11 kimberlite occurrences are reported. A review of the available data on the carbon isotopic composition ranges of carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates shows that they are similar and overlap that of diamonds. The mean carbon isotopic composition of carbonates from 22 selected carbonatite complexes (?5.1%., s = ±l.4%.vsPDB) is indistinguishable from that of 13 kimberlite pipes (?4.7%. s = ±1.2%.) as well as that of 60 individual diamond analyses (?5.8%., s = 1.8%.). The oxygen isotopic compositions of kimberlite carbonates, however, are enriched in O18 by several permil with respect to those of carbonates from the subvolcanic type of carbonatite.The data suggest that not all carbonatite, kimberlite and diamond occurrences have the same average carbon isotopic composition and that significant differences exist between them. Carbon isotopic composition measurements available for the East African Rift system suggest geographic and/or tectonic groupings e.g. carbonate lavas, tuffs and intusive carbonatites associated with the Eastern Rift yield a range of δC13 values from ?5.8 to ?7.4%., similar to that of the carbonate rocks associated with the Western Rift volcanism (?5.8 to ?7.9%.). In contrast the interrift area encompassing Lakes Victoria, Malawi (Nyasa) and Chilwa, apparently are characterized by carbonatitic carbonates of higher C13 content (?2.4 to ?4.4%.).If carbonatite and kimberlite carbonates as well as diamonds represent deep seated carbon, the mean isotopic composition of this carbon is estimated as ?5.2%. and the range is ?2 to ?8%. The selection of any particular value within this range to be used as a criterion of deep-seated origin is at the moment not warranted. Indeed, the choice of any specific composition for such carbon may be meaningless, as the source of kimberlite, carbonatite and diamond carbon may not be isotopically uniform. 相似文献
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Bruce Peterson Brian Fry Meredith Hullar Susan Saupe Richard Wright 《Estuaries and Coasts》1994,17(1):111-121
The distributions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and the natural carbon isotope ratio of DOC (DO13C) in estuaries reflect the predominant sources and sinks of organic matter from both allochthonous and autochthonous origins. The traditional view is that DOC in land-margin ecosystems reflects mainly the mixing of land-derived and oceanic DOC. However, this view is not consistent with the bulk of our data from a survey of DOC and DO13C distributions in estuaries on the East and Gulf coasts of the USA. While it is accurate that the DOC in estuaries includes material derived from land and from the ocean, the distributions of DOC and DO13C in several estuaries reflect additional DOC inputs from estuarine phytoplankton and tidal marshes. Even when DOC concentrations were distributed conservatively, the isotopic composition of the DOC revealed the existence of a dynamic cycle of DOC input and removal in some systems. 相似文献
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Particulate organic carbon found in sea foam and water samples from North Inlet, South Carolina, were examined for their δ13C isotopic composition. Sea foam particulate organic carbon (POC) δ13C values ranged from ?20.4 to ?24.6‰ (mean=?22.3‰) and water POC δ13C values ranged from ?21.0 to ?28.5‰ (mean= ?24.4‰). Temporal trends in sea foam and water POC indicate that δ13C values for both POC components are depleted in the colder months and enriched in the warmer months. Measurement of δ13C from potential sources for organic matter found in sea foam, combined with data on macroalgae productivity and phytoplankton biomass, indicates that macroalgae are the principal source of POC for sea foam in the colder months. In the warmer months, phytoplankton appear to be more important contributors. The observed water POC δ13C values were always depleted relative to foam POC δ13C values. This isotopic difference may result from chemical segregation during sea foam formation or may reflect DOC δ13C values from terrestrial origins. 相似文献