共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
依据弹性波理论,应力波斜入射线弹性节理时会发生波场分解。根据入射、透射及反射各波形的不同到时,运用离散元软件UDEC模拟应力波在含倾斜节理岩体中的传播并计算其透射、反射系数,并分析其波型转换规律。应力波斜入射单节理时,模拟得到的透射、反射系数随节理刚度、入射角度的变化规律,与已有的理论解是吻合的。应力波斜入射一组平行节理时,随着节理间距的增大,其同类波的透射系数Tpp、Tss先增大后减小,最后趋于稳定值;节理条数越多,Tpp、Tss越小。此外,不同条数的节理,透射系数达到最大值的临界节理间距值基本一致,但趋于稳定时的节理间距值随节理条数的增加而逐渐增大。 相似文献
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岩体工程计算分析中结构面刚度系数是至关重要的力学参数,计算分析的精度和可靠程度与这个参数密不可分,结构面刚度系数取值仍然是一个难点。岩体中应力波传播至结构面处将会发生反射和透射现象,利用应力波透射系数可反演结构面动态刚度系数。本文从细观力学角度运用颗粒离散元方法,开发分段线性接触模型及应力波吸收边界模型,开展宏观岩体中应力波传播的模拟,结合准静态压缩试验模拟,研究了较为平直的岩体结构面分别在不同正应力条件下的动、静态刚度系数的变化特征。模拟结果表明:(1)利用C++语言开发的分段线性接触模型很好地实现了结构面非线性变形特征的模拟;(2)基于颗粒离散元方法能够准确地反映岩体中应力波传播规律,应力波通过不同刚度结构面的透射系数与理论解一致;(3)在离散颗粒模型中加入黏滞吸收边界条件很好地实现了在有限尺寸模型中远场应力波传播模拟;(4)在岩体模型中结构面接触部位运用分段线性接触模型,通过模拟应力波传播与单轴压缩试验分别获得了一致性较好的结构面动、静态刚度系数,结构面动/静态刚度系数之比值约为1.0。本文对岩体中结构面刚度的测试和取值具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
3.
节理岩体是工程中最常见的一类岩体,其在地震、爆炸等动载下的力学响应及破坏过程对相关工程安全性的影响至关重要。采用基于有限元应力分析和统计损伤理论开发的动态版RFPA2D数值模拟软件,对动载下节理岩体的动态破坏过程进行了模拟,重点讨论了节理条数、节理贯通度、节理倾角及应力波峰值对岩体动态破坏过程的影响规律。计算结果表明,断续节理岩体动态破坏过程及破坏强度与节理构造形态、应力波峰值密切相关。相同动载下,随着节理条数的增加,岩体破坏程度以及应力波能量损失增强,但当节理条数数超过一定值后,岩体破坏程度及应力波能量损失逐渐趋于稳定;节理贯通度较小时,岩体破坏程度较低且破坏单元自上而下均匀分布。随着节理贯通度的增加,岩体破坏增强,且破坏主要出现于节理上部岩体;节理倾角较小时,节理上部岩体破坏严重,易形成次生贯通裂纹。随着节理倾角增加,破坏范围逐渐变大,不易形成次生贯通裂纹;倾角为45°～60°时,岩体破坏效果最佳;动载荷的峰值越大,试样的破坏越严重。当峰值达到一定值时,节理附近发育出多条裂隙并向上下方不断发展而导致岩体完全破坏。在不同节理贯通度工况下与岩石霍布金森压杆（SHPB）试验结果进行比较,结论吻合,证明该数值模拟的合可行性和结论的可靠性。 相似文献
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预裂爆破的现场实践表明,诸如节理、软弱夹层和断层等地质不连续面是影响预裂爆破效果的一个重要因素。运用LS-DYNA 3D程序研究了不同角度的节理对预裂爆破效果的影响。通过数值模拟发现,岩体中节理的存在对预裂爆破效果影响显著,其吸收应力波能量并阻碍应力波的传播,且影响预裂缝产状。研究结果表明,节理附近的预裂缝大多沿节理垂直方向开裂,逐渐与被破坏节理连接,节理夹角较小时,易形成锯齿状裂缝,且较难贯通。随着节理与炮孔连线夹角的增大,应力波在节理处的透射率越大,节理附近位置上的质点振速也越大,预裂缝更趋于平直且更易贯通。当节理垂直炮孔连线时透射率最大,所形成的预裂缝与炮孔连线基本重合,不会出现锯齿形裂缝,相对成缝效果最佳。 相似文献
5.
节理岩体卸荷强度特性的试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
卸荷状态工程岩体的强度特性与传统的加载岩体有本质的区别。目前对于岩石卸荷强度特性的研究比较多见,但对于含节理的岩体在卸荷应力状态下的强度特性,尤其是节理面对其强度的影响研究实属少见。本文通过岩体三轴模拟试验研究了卸荷应力状态下节理岩体的破坏特征,突出考虑了节理面性质对卸荷强度的影响,在此基础上提出了节理岩体卸荷强度准则的一般表达式并进行了对比验证。 相似文献
6.
应力波在含结构面岩体中的传播一直是岩石动力学的一个重要课题。深部岩体应力会影响岩体结构面的力学特性,进而影响应力波的传播规律。基于时域递归分析方法,首先对考虑岩体应力情况下应力波与非线性岩体结构面的相互作用进行了分析,推导出了波的传播方程。研究中假定岩体结构面法向满足非线性双曲变形模型（Barton-Bandis模型,简称B-B模型）,切向满足库仑滑移模型。其次,对一些特殊情况,如结构面水平或垂直分布、波阵面水平分布等,进行了计算模型和波的传播方程的简化分析。通过对比,发现岩体应力对应力波的传播特性有明显的影响。最后,参数研究分析了岩体应力特性、节理特性及入射波频率等对透、反射系数的影响规律。 相似文献
7.
不耦合装药爆破对硬岩应力场影响的数值分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
爆破地震勘探石油是一种重要的方法,但爆破地震效应与爆破参数、地质条件等密切相关。采用动力有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,对柱状炸药与药孔壁之间为空气或其他介质以及空隙间距变化时碳酸盐岩岩石中爆炸应力波的传播规律和爆炸地震波能量的衰减特性进行了数值模拟研究,得到了不耦合装药爆炸时岩石应力、振动速度的衰减规律以及与不耦合系数、间隙介质的关系,分析了不耦合效应对爆炸地震波能量的影响。研究表明,不耦合或耦合不好时会使岩体中爆炸应力波的强度大大降低;耦合状态对岩体应力及速度的衰减系数和衰减指数影响较大;在空隙中注水或灌满泥浆会改善它们的耦合关系,增大下传的爆破能量。所得成果可为我国西南地区优选适合碳酸盐地层地震勘探的激发因素提供技术途径和方法。 相似文献
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岩体中应力波幅值随时空衰减的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
把岩石抽象为Kelvin-Voigt黏弹性体,应用复数理论建立了应力波在岩石中传播时的振动频率和波动频率的关系,在此基础上,研究了岩石和含有一组平行结构面的岩体中应力波幅值随时间和随空间衰减的关系。研究表明,应力波在岩石的传播过程中,频率是影响应力波幅值衰减的的主要因素;应力波在含有1组平行结构面岩体的传播过程中,由于结构面的存在,影响了应力波能量的传播,其幅值随时空衰减系数主要由结构面间距及其反射系数决定,结构面间距减小和反射系数增加,幅值随传播距离的衰减系数增加和随时间的衰减系数减小,而结构面的黏性系数增加,幅值随传播距离的衰减系数增加,但随时间的衰减系数变化很小。上述结论对岩体结构探测具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
10.
考虑不同应力条件和岩体节理属性,对静应力作用下含有长节理和局部短节理花岗岩的爆破破岩机制进行研究,探讨静应力、节理位置和充填介质物性等因素对爆破效果的影响。在节理间充填弹性弱介质和空气两种情况下研究半无限长节理面反射拉伸破坏效应和端部衍生翼裂纹扩展特性;在不同静应力作用下,改变爆源与节理间的距离,研究长节理面反射效应对爆破裂纹扩展的影响规律;在保持节理近端与爆源距离和节理长度不变的情况下,研究短节理端部衍生翼裂纹产生、扩展的规律。通过比较表明,当节理充填介质时,节理面的反射拉伸破坏作用弱于不充填情况,而前者的端部翼裂纹发育明显比后者充分;长节理阻断了爆破主裂纹的扩展,节理面反射拉伸应力波产生的拉裂纹与爆破主裂纹耦合贯通在爆源与节理之间岩体内产生密集裂纹网,改善了该区域岩体的破碎效果,但随爆源与节理之间距离的增大以及静应力增高,这种破岩效应逐渐消失;入射角对节理端部衍生翼裂纹的产生与扩展影响显著,而静应力对翼裂纹起抑制作用。 相似文献
11.
In rock engineering, the damage criteria of the rock mass under dynamic loads are generally governed by the threshold values of wave amplitudes, such as the peak particle velocity and the peak particle acceleration. Therefore, the prediction of wave attenuation across fractured rock mass is important on assessing the stability and damage of rock mass under dynamic loads. This paper aims to investigate the applications of the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) for modeling wave propagation problems in rock mass. Parametric studies are carried out to obtain an insight into the influencing factors on the accuracy of wave propagations, in terms of the block size, the boundary condition and the incident wave frequency. The reflected and transmitted waves from the interface between two materials are also numerically simulated. To study the tensile failure induced by the reflected wave, the spalling phenomena are modeled under various loading frequencies. The numerical results show that the DDA is capable of modeling the wave propagation in jointed rock mass with a good accuracy. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
Sheng Zeng Shaoping Wang Bing Sun Qibing Liu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(3):1559-1573
The existence of joint fissures makes explosive actions between rock masses more complex. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out experiments studying blasting stress waves propagating in jointed rock masses. Based on the Froude Similarity principle, the geological mechanical models of intact rock masses and jointed rocks have been proposed. A blasting vibration experiment was carried out and demonstrated that the propagation of the blasting stress waves and changing structures have an important relationship. A numerical simulation of the blasting stress wave propagation law in a layered jointed rock mass was carried out. This study found that with an increase in the joint angle, the peak velocity of blasting stress wave, transmission coefficient and reflection coefficient all gradually increased, while the attenuation coefficient gradually decreased. With an increase in joint spacing, the attenuation rate of the blasting stress waves increased. 相似文献
13.
The propagation of elastic P-wave in unfavorable geologic structures is a complex process which contains reflex, transmission, and refraction. In this paper, the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) method is introduced, and the viscous boundary condition and stress wave input way are applied to enable the DDA method to simulate the seismic dynamic response of underground rock mass. The improved DDA program is used to analyze the propagation laws of elastic P-wave in joints and weak interlayer. The results show that (1) for a range of joint stiffness, the difference of transmission coefficient of joint surface between DDA calculation and theoretical solution is small; (2) the lower the joint stiffness, the more obvious the attenuation of the elastic P-wave is; (3) varied joint spacing and joint number play different roles on the attenuation of elastic P-wave; (4) the DDA calculation result is consistent with the theoretical solution for the transmission coefficient of interface; (5) the thickness and elastic modulus of weak interlayer will affect the interference effect of multiple transmission waves; (6) with the increasing weak interlayer thickness H (or a), the attenuation of the elastic P-wave is more obvious; and (7) the lower the wave impedance ratio of weak interlayer, the more obvious the attenuation of the elastic P-wave is. 相似文献
14.
节理的存在是岩体明显区别于岩石的一个重要特征,也是导致岩体具有非均质性及各向异性的一个重要因素。节理岩体在爆炸冲击荷载作用下的破坏特征不仅是岩体力学研究的一个热点问题,也是岩石爆破领域经常遇到的一个工程问题。目前,常用的有限元和离散元等数值方法都不能很客观地反映岩体中节理分布的实际规律,而最新出现的数值流形方法则完全能够按照岩体中节理的实际分布规律进行建模,并能够很好地模拟岩体在外力作用下新裂纹的产生及已有节理的开裂。对3种不同节理岩体,即无节理岩体、均布水平节理岩体、均布垂直节理岩体等在均布垂直于圆周方向上的冲击荷载作用下的破坏过程进行了模拟。由模拟结果可以明显看出,节理的存在对岩体的破坏型式起到了关键性的控制作用。对于完整岩体,其破坏型式呈现出了很好的对称性;而对于水平及垂直节理岩体,其破坏型式在很大程度上受到节理分布的控制。研究结果对岩石爆破工程设计具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
15.
This paper evaluates the existing equivalent medium methods for jointed rock mass and further develops the equivalent viscoelastic medium method proposed by the authors. The advantages and limitations of different equivalences to the discontinuous rock mass are discussed. Theoretical derivation of stress wave propagation through the equivalent viscoelastic medium is carried out by adopting the Fourier transformation method, and the parameters of the equivalent viscoelastic medium method are determined analytically. The frequency dependence and the wave attenuation phenomenon can be properly described when the imaginary terms of the complex moduli of the rock mass are included. The results show that the equivalent viscoelastic medium method is able to predict the effective velocity and the stress wave transmission coefficient in a rock mass more accurately than the conventional effective elastic moduli methods. An example of the stress wave propagation through rock mass with parallel joints shows that the equivalent viscoelastic medium method is promising and worthy to be further explored for application in practical rock engineering problems. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
爆破荷载作用下岩体振动特征的数值模拟 总被引：41，自引：2，他引：39
根据福建牛头山水电站地基岩体爆破开挖监测,运用离散元方法模拟了节理岩体距爆源不同距离处质点的振动速度和频率的变化特征,由此确定岩体质点最大振动速度和振动主频随爆源距离的衰减规律,并得到了距爆源一定距离处质点最大振动速度和振动主频与爆破药量的关系。数值模拟与现场实测的结果表明,用离散元软件UDEC计算得到的岩体振动特征和衰减规律与现场监测结果是基本符合的,误差在工程应用的允许范围之内,因此UDEC用于对岩体动态响应的数值模拟是适合的。 相似文献
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Yu-Yong Jiao Xiu-Li Zhang Huan-Qiang Zhang Gang-Hai Huang 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2014,9(2):133-141
Due to the difficulty of the classical fracture mechanics in dealing with multicrack coalescence, the simulation of jointed rock failure has remained a worldwide problem since the middle of the last century. Through a nearly 10-year effort, we have developed a novel but simple discontinuum-based approach, namely DDARF (discontinuous deformation analysis for rock failure), to simulate the progressive failure process of jointed rock mass. In the proposed method, by adopting the FE adaptive mesh generation technique—the advanced front method, the computational model of triangular DDA block system is automatically established. Also, the randomly distributed mechanical parameters statistically satisfying Weibull’s law are assigned to the blocks to simulate the heterogeneity of rock mass. In the generating process of the block system, numerous artificial joints come into being. These artificial joints provide the potential paths along which the cracks generate and propagate. The two blocks beside an artificial joint are glued together through adhesive algorithm, and if the glue is invalid, the artificial joint will break and turn into a real crack. In this way, the rock fragmentation process can be simulated. The results of several verification examples indicate that the DDARF method can simulate the whole process of rock fragmentation, and is suitable for cases of intact rock, rock mass with non-penetrative joints, and even blocky rock. 相似文献
19.
Summary
This paper uses the concept of anisotropic damage mechanics to analyze dynamic responses of a granite site under blasting
loads. An anisotropic continuum damage model is suggested to model rock mass behavior under blasting loads. The effects of
existing cracks and joints in the rock mass are considered by using equivalent rock material properties obtained from both
field and laboratory test data. The anisotropic damage accumulations are simulated by continuous degradation of equivalent
material stiffness and strength during loading process and are calculated using the exponential function with respect to the
principal tensile strain in three directions. The suggested models are programmed and linked to an available computer program
Autodyn3D through its user's subroutine capability. Stress wave propagation and damage zone in the rock mass induced by underground
explosions are simulated. Numerical results of damaged area, peak particle velocity and acceleration attenuation as well as
acceleration time histories and Fourier spectra are compared with those from independent field tests. 相似文献