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小秦岭金矿成矿流体的性质及地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
小秦岭金矿成矿流体的性质及地质意义王祖伟，周永章（中国科学院广州地球化学研究所，广州５１０６４０）关键词成矿流体，金矿床，小秦岭小秦岭金矿是我国主要的黄金产地。有关主要矿床类型石英脉型金矿化成矿流体包裹体研究积累了丰富的资料，次要类型蚀变岩型金矿化流... 相似文献
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胶东地区重要金矿床是以硫化物石英脉为主的和以硫化物蚀变岩为主的两类,对它们的成矿流体组分和温压条件等方面的研究表明,其含矿流体均起源于下地壳,为玄武岩浆底热提供热( 部分流体)作用形成;其含矿流体上升演化成矿过程表现:以硫化物石英脉为主的金矿床是在相对稳定的环境下含矿流体降温降压结晶分异成矿,而以硫化物蚀变岩为主的金矿床则是流体发生沸腾作用成矿;成矿过程的温-压(能量)演化轨迹显示,大型矿床具有完整的P-T演化轨迹或具有沸腾特征,相对小的矿床一般不具完整的P-T轨迹.这项研究对深入认识胶东金矿成因及成矿规律具有重要的价值. 相似文献
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按容矿空间和控矿因素,可将熊耳山地区内生金矿床划分为角砾岩型、构造破碎带蚀变岩型、石英脉型及由不同控矿因素复合控制的复合类型等。空间上不同类型之间具有密切的共生过渡关系。太华群原岩中的金在变质热液作用下被活化迁移至有利的构造部位,发生局部富集,形成"矿胚"或"矿胚"的发展,并为后期岩浆热液再次搬运,参与成矿。燕山中晚期钙碱性岩浆岩具较大的成矿能力,是本区金矿床的主要矿源。不同类型矿床稳定同位素及包裹体特征具相似的变化特点,分析表明,成矿流体主要源自岩浆,在成矿早期和晚期,不同地区可能有不同程度的变质水或大气水加入。作者认为,区内不同类型的金矿床是在统一的大地构造环境和成矿背景中形成的,有统一的矿质和介质来源,具相同或相似的成因,以发育角砾岩型金矿床为特点,以构造破碎带蚀变岩和角砾岩型为主要矿床类型,形成一个特定的矿床组合,即熊耳山地区内生金矿床系列。 相似文献
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甘肃党河南山地区鸡叫沟金矿床成矿特征及成矿模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对鸡叫沟金矿床的成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、找矿标志及控矿因素等到诸方面分析,指出鸡叫沟金矿床成矿物质主要来源于岩浆岩,矿体主要分布于黑云母花岗闪长岩、超基性角闪石岩岩体与奥陶纪地层的内外接触带上,且受多级断裂裂隙系统控制。矿石类型为石英脉型、蚀变岩型、石英脉＋蚀变岩型,矿化类型主要有黄铁矿化、黄铜矿化、磁黄铁矿化、方铅矿化、毒砂化等。深部岩浆房为矿床形成提供了热动力,矿床成因类型为与岩浆岩有关的低温热液型金矿床,在此基础上,总结归纳了该矿床的成矿模式与综合找矿标志。 相似文献
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冬瓜山铜矿床是铜陵矿集区狮子山矿田中的主要矿床,对于该矿床中斑岩型成矿作用的研究缺乏。本文对冬瓜山矿床深部是否存在斑岩型矿体、斑岩型矿化特征及其与层状矽卡岩型矿化的关系等问题开展研究。冬瓜山矿床深部具有斑岩型矿化的蚀变类型和蚀变分带特征,矿化可分为钾硅酸盐阶段和石英硫化物阶段两个成矿阶段,斑岩型蚀变分带在空间上向外与矽卡岩化带过渡。斑岩型矿化的石英闪长岩形成年龄为140 Ma,与上部层状矽卡岩型矿化相关的石英/辉石二长闪长岩应为同期闪长质岩浆形成。深部斑岩型矿化的成矿流体具有由高温向中温演化的特点,与浅部层状矽卡岩型矿化的成矿流体具有相似的演化趋势,二者的成矿流体应该为一个热液系统,深部岩体内部流体演化形成斑岩型矿化,而接触带部位流体演化形成矽卡岩型矿化。 相似文献
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以隐爆角砾岩型为主的金矿床系列模式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
李胜荣 《有色金属矿产与勘查》1995,4(5):272-277
本文从成矿地质背景、成矿时代、成矿物质来源、成矿介质条件和成矿机制等５个方面，论述了河南嵩县祁雨沟及其外围地区斑岩角砾岩型、隐爆角砾岩型、破碎带蚀变岩型和石英脉型金矿。该系列金矿是在燕山中晚期钙碱性花岗质岩浆基础上发育起来的，具有同源、同期、同成因、不同空间成矿的特征，称之为以隐爆角砾岩型为主的金矿床系列。 相似文献
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荒沟山金矿床为吉南老岭金-多金属成矿带内较具代表性矿床之一,产于元古宇老岭群珍珠门组地层之中,受韧性剪切带构造控制.按地质特征、矿物组合及矿脉之间的穿切关系,将荒沟山金矿床热液成矿作用划分为Ⅰ黄铁矿-毒砂-石英阶段和Ⅱ晚期辉锑矿-乳白色石英两个阶段.系统的流体包裹体岩相学及显微测温研究表明:Ⅰ阶段石英中发育含CO2三相、碳质及气液两相3种类型的原生流体包裹体,成矿流体属不混溶的中低温、低盐度NaCl-H2O-CO2体系热液,在成矿过程中发生过不混溶作用而导致金等有用元素沉淀富集;Ⅱ阶段石英颗粒中主要发育气液两相包裹体,成矿流体属均匀的NaCl-H2O体系热液.碳、氢、氧同位素研究表明,Ⅰ阶段成矿流体主要来源于岩浆热液,Ⅱ阶段流体除继承早阶段的热液外,还有大气降水的混入;δD和δ13CV-PDB值分析结果证明两个成矿阶段流体均与地层发生过较强的水岩反应.矿床成因属于中温岩浆热液矿床. 相似文献
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川西北马脑壳金矿床成矿流体地球化学特征与性质 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
马脑壳金矿床是20世纪80年代末期在川西北地区发现的一大型微细浸染型矿床，它赋存于中三叠统扎尕山组地层之中，矿体产出受北西向次级断裂构造的控制。矿床的形成经历了成矿前金初步富集、热液成矿作用－原生矿石形成及麦生氧化－金次生再富集第三期主要成矿作用过程。热液金成矿作用可进一步划分为（1）黄铁矿－毒砂－石英；（Ⅱ）石英－（白钨矿）－辉锑矿；（Ⅲ）石英－雄（雌）黄及（Ⅳ）石英－方解石等4个矿化阶段，其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段为金的主要沉淀富成矿阶段。系统的流体包裹体研究表明，成矿前（Ⅰ′）及热液成矿Ⅰ－Ⅳ阶段石英中共发育液相、纯液相、含CO2三相、富CO2相及含有机质等5种类型的原生流体包裹体。测温结果显示，Ⅰ′及Ⅰ-Ⅳ类石英中液相及含CO2三相包裹体均一温度为120－300℃，热液盐度为0．5％－11．0％；包裹体成分分析结果表明，热液阳离子以Na^ 、K^ 及Ca^2 为主，阴离子主要为HCO3^-及CI^-，气相组分除H2O外，尚含一定量的CO2及CH4等；热液pH值为6．7－72，Eh值为－0．85～0.69eV；成矿热液总体属中低温、低盐度、近中性和弱还原性的含有机质Na^ -K^ -Ca^2 -HCO3^--CI^-体系类型。H、O同位素研究结果表明，成矿前热液主要来源于变质水和地层建造水，成矿期以来大气降水不断 混入并逐步占据优势。主成矿阶段成矿热液发生过明显的注体混合相分离作用，对金的沉淀富集成矿起了重要作用。 相似文献
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根据山后金矿床的矿物组合和矿物生成顺序,将成矿阶段划分为4个阶段:黄铁矿-石英(钾化)阶段、石英—黄铁矿(绢英岩化)阶段、金-石英-多金属硫化物阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段。对区内主成矿阶段的石英中流体包裹体进行岩相学、显微测温及氢氧同位素进行分析。结果表明:矿石中的包裹体主要有含CO2三相包裹体、气液两相包裹体和CO2包裹体三种类型,矿石中的包裹体普遍富含CO2。成矿过程中,流体经历了CO2-H2O—Na Cl体系的不混溶作用。成矿流体具有低盐度(4.0~9.0 wt%Na Cl.eqv)和低密度(0.70~0.89 g/cm3)的特点。主成矿温度为260℃~300℃,成矿压力为83~100 MPa,对应成矿深度为7.45~8.25 km。流体包裹体氢氧同位素分析结果介于地幔初生水和岩浆水之间,部分向大气降水线方向漂移,表明山后金矿成矿流体以幔源流体为主,并有大气降水和其他流体的加入,初步确定山后金矿床是受断裂构造控制的中温热液脉型金矿床。 相似文献
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辽宁四道沟热液金矿床中石英的稀土元素的特征及意义 总被引：30，自引：10，他引：20
本文用ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ测定了辽宁四道沟金矿矿脉中石英及其中流体包裹体中的稀土元素含量,发现石英的稀土元素配分模式类似于其中流体包裹体的稀土元素配分模式,推断石英中的稀土元素主要赋存于注流体包裹体中,流体包裹体中的稀土元素了石英的稀土元素配分模式,原生包裹中的流体是和石英同源的,其稀土元素指示的是石英形成过程中流体的信息。而次生包裹体中的流体是石英形成后的流体活动产物,其稀土元素指示的是后期流体活动的信 相似文献
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小秦岭文峪金矿床流体包裹体研究及矿床成因 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
文峪金矿位于小秦岭矿田南部,其产出受脆-韧性剪切带控制,赋矿围岩为太华群变质杂岩.根据脉体穿切关系和矿物交代关系,可以将文峪金矿流体成矿过程分为早、中、晚三个阶段,其热液石英中发育CO2-H2O型、纯CO2型和H2O溶液型三种类型流体包裹体.平阶段石英中原生包裹体主要是CO2-H2O型和纯CO2型,其成分为CO2+H2O±N2±CH4,均一温度集中在290～330℃,盐度为1.02％～9.59％ NaCleqv;中阶段为主成矿阶段,该阶段石英中包含了所有3种类型的包裹体,其中以CO2-H2O型包裹体为主,获得CO2-H2O和水溶液包裹体均一温度集中在250～290℃,盐度为0.02％～12.81％NaCleqv;晚阶段石英仅发育水溶液型包裹体,具有较低的均一温度(114～239℃)和盐度(4.18％～8.95％ NaCleqv).根据CO2-H2O型包裹体计算早、中阶段压力分别为130 ～ 178MPa和85 ～ 150MPa,对应的成矿深度分别为4.7～6.5km和3.1～5.5km.总体而言,文峪金矿的初始流体具有中高温、富CO2、低盐度的变质流体特征,晚成矿阶段流体演化为低温、低盐度水溶液流体,流体的不混溶导致了主成矿期矿质的大量沉淀,文峪金矿为中浅成的造山型矿床. 相似文献
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JIANG Sihong NIE Fengjun Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(1):87-97
Located in Alxa Zuoqi (Left Banner) of Inner Mongolia, China, the Zhulazhaga gold deposit is the first largescale gold deposit that was found in the middle-upper Proterozoic strata along the north margin of the North China craton in recent years. It was discovered by the No. l Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Party of Inner Mongolia as a result of prospecting a geochemical anomaly. By now, over 50 tonnes of gold has been defined, with an average Au grade of 4 g/t. The ore bodies occur in the first lithological unit of the Mesoproterozoic Zhulazhagamaodao Formation (MZF), which is composed mainly of epimetamorphic sandstone and siltstone and partly of volcanic rocks. With high concentration of gold,the first lithological unit of the MZF became the source bed for the late-stage ore formation. Controlled by the interstratal fracture zones, the ore bodies mostly appear along the bedding with occurrence similar to that of the strata. The primitiveore types are predominantly the altered rock type with minor ore belonging to the quartz veins type. There are also some oxidized ore near the surface. The metallic minerals are composed mainly of pyrite, pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite with minor chalcopyrite, galena and limonite. Most gold minerals appear as native gold and electrum. Hydrothermal alterations associated with the ore formation are actinolitization, silicatization, sulfidation and carbonation. A total of 100 two-phase H2O-rich and 7 three-phase daughter crystal-beating inclusions were measured in seven goldbearing quartz samples from the Zhulazhaga gold deposit. The homogenization temperatures of the two-phase H2O-rich inclusions range from 155 to 401℃, with an average temperature of 284℃ and bimodal distributions from 240 to 260℃ and 300 to 320℃ respectively. The salinities of the two-phase H2O-rich inclusions vary from 9.22wt% to 24.30wt% NaCl eqniv, with a mode between 23 wt% and 24wt% NaC1 equiv. Comparatively, the homogenization temperatures of the threephase daughter crystal-beating inclusions vary from 210 to 435℃ and the salinities from 29.13wt% to 32.62wt% NaCl equiv. It indicates that the ore-forming fluid is meso-hypothermal and characterized by high salinity, which is apparently different from the metamorphic origin with low salinity. It suggests a magmatic origin of the gold-bearing fluid. The δ^18O values of quartz from auriferous veins range from 11.9 to 16.3 per mil, and the calculated δ^18OH2O values in equilibrium with quartz vary from 1.06 to 9.60 per mil, which fall between the values of meteoric water and magmatic water. It reflects that the ore-forming fluid may be the product of mixing of meteoric water and magmatic water.Based on geological and geochemical studies of the Zhulazhaga gold deposit, it is supposed that the volcanism in the Mesoproterozoic might make gold pre-concentrate in the strata. The extensive and intensive Hercynian tectono-magmatic activity not only brought along a large number of ore-forming materials, but also made the gold from the strata rework. It can be concluded that the ore bodies were mainly formed in late hydrothermal reworking stage. Compared with typical gold deposits associated with epimetamorphic clastic rocks, the Zhulazhaga deposit has similar features in occurrence of ore bodies, ore-controlling structure, wall-rock alterations and mineral assemblages. Therefore, the Zhulazhaga gold deposit belongs to the epimetamorphic clastic rock type. 相似文献
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CAO Yi DU Yangsong PANG Zhenshan DU Yilun KOU Shaolei CHEN Linjie GAO Fuping ZHOU Guibi 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(3):746-765
The Datuanshan deposit is one of the largest and most representative stratabound copper deposits in the Tongling area,the largest ore district in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt.The location of the orebodies is controlled by the interlayer-slipping faults between the Triassic and Permian strata,and all the orebodies are distributed in stratiform shape around the Mesozoic quartz monzodiorite dikes.Based on field evidence and petrographic observations,four mineralization stages in the Datuanshan deposit have been identified:the skarn,early quartz-sulfide,late quartzsulfide and carbonate stages.Chalcopytite is the main copper mineral and mainly formed at the late quartz-sulfide stage.Fluid inclusions at different stages were studied for petrography,microthermometry,laser Raman spectrometry and stable isotopes.Four types of fluid inclusions,including three-phase fluid inclusions(type 1),liquid-rich fluid inclusions(type 2),vapour-rich fluid inclusions(type 3) and pure vapour fluid inclusions(type 4),were observed.The minerals from the skarn,early and late quartz-sulfide stages contain all fluid inclusion types,but only type 2 fluid inclusions were observed at the carbonate stage.Petrographic observations suggest that most of the inclusions studied in this paper are likely primary.The coexistence of different types of fluid inclusions with contrasting homogenization characteristics(to the liquid and vapour phase,respectively) and similar homogenization temperatures(the modes are 440-480℃,380-400℃ and 280-320℃ for the skarn,early and late quartz-sulfide stages,respectively) in the first three stages,strongly suggests that three episodes of fluid boiling occurred during these stages,which is supported by the hydrogen isotope data.Laser Raman spectra identified CH_4 at the skarn and early quartz-sulfide stages.Combined with other geological features,the early ore-forming fluids were inferred to be under a relatively reduced environment.The CO_2 component has been identified at the late quartz-sulfide and carbonate stages,indicating that the late ore-forming fluids were under a relatively oxidized environment,probably as a result of inflow of and mixing with meteoric water.In addition,microthermometric results of fluid inclusions and H-O isotope data mdicate that the ore forming fluids were dominated by magmatic water in the early stages(skarn and early quartz-sulfide stages) and mixed with meteoric water in the late stages(late quartz-sulfide and carbonate stages).The evidence listed above suggests that the chalcopyrite deposition in the Datuanshan deposit probably resulted from the combination of multiepisode fluid boiling and mixing of magmatic and meteoric water. 相似文献
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山东牟乳石英脉型金矿流体成矿构造动力学研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
对金矿床地质地球化学和成矿流体及构造动力学研究认为,石英脉型金矿广泛发育围岩交代作用,在时间上遵循碱金属交代→Ｃａ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ中性交代→酸性交代的总体演化序列。与围岩的交代作用,沸腾作用引起的相分离和大气降水的加入所产生的混合稀释是成矿流体体系演化的主要途径,容矿断裂构造活动可划分为脆性破裂和韧脆性扩张两种动力学状态。成矿物质在非平衡和近平衡两种状态交替中分异结晶。流体演化与成矿动力耦合是形成金矿的主要机制。 相似文献