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1.
结合CO_2地质利用与封存技术机理,在国际权威潜力评估公式的基础上,系统地提出了适合中国地质背景的次盆地尺度CO_2封存潜力评估方法及关键参数取值。同时,以四川盆地为例,依次开展了枯竭油田地质封存与CO_2强化石油开采、枯竭气田与CO_2强化采气、不可采煤层地质封存与CO_2驱替煤层气,以及咸水层地质封存技术的CO_2地质封存潜力。结果表明,四川盆地利用深部咸水层与枯竭天然气田CO_2地质封存潜力最大,期望值分别达154.20×10~8t和53.73×10~8t。其中,枯竭天然气田因成藏条件好、勘探程度高、基础建设完善,为四川盆地及其周边利用枯竭气田CO_2地质封存技术实现低碳减排提供了早期示范机会。CO_2地质利用与封存潜力评估方法,对进一步开展全国次盆地尺度理论封存潜力评估与工程规划具有重要意义。 相似文献
2.
P. Bertier R. Swennen B. Laenen D. Lagrou R. Dreesen 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,89(1-3):10
Geological sequestration of CO2 is one of the options studied to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Although the feasibility of this concept is proven, apart from literature data on modelling still little is known about the CO2–water–rock interactions induced by CO2-injection.To evaluate the effect of CO2–water–rock interactions on three sandstone aquifers in NE-Belgium an experimental setup was built. Eighteen experiments were performed in which sandstones were exposed to supercritical CO2. CO2–water–rock interactions were deduced from the evolution of aqueous concentrations of 25 species and a thorough characterisation of the sandstones before and after treatment. The results show that dissolution of ankerite/dolomite and Al-silicates could enhance porosity/permeability. The observed precipitation of end-member carbonates could increase storage capacity if it exceeds carbonate dissolution. Precipitation of the latter and of K-rich clays as observed, however, can hamper the injection. 相似文献
3.
Quick-look assessments to identify optimal CO2 EOR storage sites 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Vanessa Núñez-López Mark H. Holtz Derek J. Wood William A. Ambrose Susan D. Hovorka 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(8):1695-1706
A newly developed, multistage quick-look methodology allows for the efficient screening of an unmanageably large number of
reservoirs to generate a workable set of sites that closely match the requirements for optimal CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) storage. The objective of the study is to quickly identify miscible CO2 EOR candidates in areas that contain thousands of reservoirs and to estimate additional oil recovery and sequestration capacities
of selected top options through dimensionless modeling and reservoir characterization. Quick-look assessments indicate that
the CO2 EOR resource potential along the US Gulf Coast is 4.7 billion barrels, and CO2 sequestration capacity is 2.6 billion metric tons. In the first stage, oil reservoirs are screened and ranked in terms of
technical and practical feasibility for miscible CO2 EOR. The second stage provides quick estimates of CO2 EOR potential and sequestration capacities. In the third stage, a dimensionless group model is applied to a selected set
of sites to improve the estimates of oil recovery and storage potential using appropriate inputs for rock and fluid properties,
disregarding reservoir architecture and sweep design. The fourth stage validates and refines the results by simulating flow
in a model that describes the internal architecture and fluid distribution in the reservoir. The stated approach both saves
time and allows more resources to be applied to the best candidate sites. 相似文献
4.
Ch. GarnierG. Finqueneisel T. ZimnyZ. Pokryszka S. LafortuneP.D.C. Défossez E.C. Gaucher 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,87(2):80-86
CO2 injection in unmineable coal seams could be one interesting option for both storage and methane recovery processes. The objective of this study is to compare and model pure gas sorption isotherms (CO2 and CH4) for well-characterised coals of different maturities to determine the most suitable coal for CO2 storage. Carbon dioxide and methane adsorption on several coals have been investigated using a gravimetric adsorption method. The experiments were carried out using both CO2 and CH4 pure gases at 25 °C from 0.1 to 5 MPa (1 to 50 bar). The experimental results were fitted using Temkin's approach but also with the corrected Langmuir's and the corrected Tóth's equations. The two last approaches are more accurate from a thermodynamical point of view, and have the advantage of taking into account the fact that experimental data (isotherms) correspond to excess adsorption capacities. These approaches allow better quantification of the adsorbed gas. Determined CO2 adsorption capacities are from 0.5 to 2 mmol/g of dry coal. Modelling provides also the affinity parameters of the two gases for the different coals. We have shown these parameters determined with adsorption models could be used for classification and first selection of coals for CO2 storage. The affinity ratio ranges from a value close to 1 for immature coals to 41 for high rank coals like anthracites. This ratio allows selecting coals having high CO2 adsorption capacities. In our case, the modelling study of a significant number of coals from various ranks shows that anthracites seem to have the highest CO2 storage capacities. Our study provides high quality affinity parameters and values of CO2 and CH4 adsorption capacities on various coals for the future modelling of CO2 injection in coal seams. 相似文献
5.
C. M. Gibson-Poole L. Svendsen J. Underschultz M. N. Watson J. Ennis-King P. J. van Ruth E. J. Nelson R. F. Daniel Y. Cinar 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(8):1583-1606
Geological storage of CO2 in the offshore Gippsland Basin, Australia, is being investigated by the Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies
(CO2CRC) as a possible method for storing the very large volumes of CO2 emissions from the nearby Latrobe Valley area. A storage capacity of about 50 million tonnes of CO2 per annum for a 40-year injection period is required, which will necessitate several individual storage sites to be used
both sequentially and simultaneously, but timed such that existing hydrocarbon assets will not be compromised. Detailed characterisation
focussed on the Kingfish Field area as the first site to be potentially used, in the anticipation that this oil field will
be depleted within the period 2015–2025. The potential injection targets are the interbedded sandstones of the Paleocene-Eocene
upper Latrobe Group, regionally sealed by the Lakes Entrance Formation. The research identified several features to the offshore
Gippsland Basin that make it particularly favourable for CO2 storage. These include: a complex stratigraphic architecture that provides baffles which slow vertical migration and increase
residual gas trapping and dissolution; non-reactive reservoir units that have high injectivity; a thin, suitably reactive,
lower permeability marginal reservoir just below the regional seal providing mineral trapping; several depleted oil fields
that provide storage capacity coupled with a transient production-induced flow regime that enhances containment; and long
migration pathways beneath a competent regional seal. This study has shown that the Gippsland Basin has sufficient capacity
to store very large volumes of CO2. It may provide a solution to the problem of substantially reducing greenhouse gas emissions from future coal developments
in the Latrobe Valley. 相似文献
6.
【研究目的】 二氧化碳羽流地热系统（CPGS）在取热的同时可实现CO2地质封存，在碳达峰与碳中和背景下，CPGS碳封存的经济性是众多学者关注的要点。【研究方法】 以松辽盆地泉头组为例，采用数值模拟方法对比分析了注入压力、井间距与回注温度对热提取率的影响，在供暖情景下，计算了CPGS供暖效益与碳封存成本，并与常规水热型地热系统供暖效益进行了对比。【研究结果】 受携热介质转变与热突破影响，CPGS开采井温度呈现“降低-稳定-降低”的趋势，其中井间距对开采井温降影响显著，井间距越小开采井温降越明显；热提取率与回注压力呈现正相关性，与回注温度呈现负相关性，井间距对热提取率影响不显著；CPGS与常规水热型地热系统相比，采热量呈现“高-低-高”三个阶段，其中回注压力越小、回注温度与储层温度越接近，实现CPGS较水介质多采热能所需的时间越短。【结论】 仅考虑CO2价格与取热效益，供暖收益抵消部分碳封存成本后，井间距对CO2封存单位成本影响最为显著，井间距越小，CO2封存单位成本降低越迅速，在注采井间距300 m条件下，持续开采30 a后CO2封存单位成本可降至160元/t。 相似文献
7.
将全国CO2地质储存潜力与适宜性评价工作划分为5个阶段,依次为区域级预测潜力(E级)评价、盆地级推定潜力(D级)评价、目标区级控制潜力(C级)评价、场地级基础储存量(B级)评价和灌注级工程储存量(A级)评价阶段.第一阶段编制的成果图件主要为全国1∶500万CO2地质储存成果图系;第二、三阶段主要编制沉积盆地CO2地质储存成果图集;第四、五阶段主要编制CO2地质储存示范工程成果图册.提出中国CO2地质储存潜力与适宜性评价和编图是一项有步骤、分阶段逐步完成的工程,评价及编图方法有待通过潜力与适宜性评价和编图的实践不断完善. 相似文献
8.
S. Mazumder P. van Hemert A. Busch K-H.A.A. Wolf P. Tejera-Cuesta 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2006,67(4):267-279
Presently many research projects focus on the reduction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. It is intended to apply underground storage techniques such as flue gas injection in unminable coal seams. In this context, an experimental study has been performed on the adsorption of pure CO2 and preferential sorption behavior of flue gas. A coal sample from the Silesian Basin in Poland (0.68% V Rr), measured in the dry and wet state at 353 K has been chosen for this approach. The flue gas used was a custom class industrial flue gas with 10.9% of CO2, 0.01% of CO, 9% of H2, 3.01% of CH4, 3.0% of O2, 0.106% of SO2 and nitrogen as balance.Adsorption isotherms of CO2 and flue gas were measured upto a maximum of 11 MPa using a volumetric method. Total excess sorption capacities for CO2 on dry and wet Silesia coal ranged between 1.9 and 1.3 mmol/g, respectively. Flue gas sorption capacities on dry and wet Silesia coal were much lower and ranged between 0.45 and 0.2 mmol/g, respectively, at pressures of 8 MPa. The low sorption capacity of wet coal has resulted from water occupying some of the more active adsorption sites and hence reducing the heterogeneity of adsorption sites relative to that of dry coal. Desorption tests with flue gas were conducted to study the degree of preferential sorption of the individual components. These experiments indicate that CO2 is by far the prefered sorbing component under both wet and dry conditions. This is followed by CH4. N2 adsorbs very little on the coal in the presence of CO2 and CH4. It is also observed that the adsorption of CO2 onto coal is not significantly hindered by the addition of other gases, other than dilution effect of the pressure.In addition to the sorption experiments, the density of the flue gas mixture has been determined up to 18 MPa at 318 K. A very good precision of these measurements were documented by volumetric methods. 相似文献
9.
Carbon Capture Sequestration (CCS) projects require, for safety reasons, monitoring programmes focused on surveying gas leakage on the surface. Generally, these programmes include detection of chemical tracers that, once on the surface, could be associated with CO2 degassing. We take a different approach by analysing feasibility of applying electrical surface techniques, specifically Self-Potential. A laboratory-scale model, using water-sand, was built for simulating a leakage scenario being monitored with non-polarisable electrodes. Electrical potentials were measured before, during and after gas injection (CO2 and N2) to determine if gas leakage is detectable. Variations of settings were done for assessing how the electrical potentials changed according to size of electrodes, distance from electrodes to the gas source, and type of gas. Results indicated that a degassing event is indeed detectable on electrodes located above injection source. Although the amount of gas could not be quantified from signals, injection timespan and increasing of injection rate were identified. Even though conditions of experiments were highly controlled contrasting to those usually found at field scale, we project that Self-Potential is a promising tool for detecting CO2 leakage if electrodes are properly placed. 相似文献
10.
地震活动断裂带能够向大气释放大量的温室气体、放射性气体和有毒气体(CO_2、CH_4、Rn和Hg),并对大气环境的影响产生复杂的影响。利用静态暗箱法,对汶川M_s8.0地震破裂带CO_2、Rn和Hg脱气强度进行实地测量,并计算了CO_2和Hg脱气对大气的年贡献量。结果表明:(1)破裂带土壤气中CO_2、CH_4、Rn和Hg异常浓度最大值分别可以达到7.98%、2.38%、524.30k Bq/m~3和161.00ng/m~3;破裂带CO_2、Rn和Hg脱气平均通量是34.95g·m~(-2)d~(-1)、36.11m Bq·m~(-2)s~(-1)和26.56ng·m~(-2)h~(-1),最大值分别达到259.23g·m~(-2)d~(-1)、580.35m Bq·m~(-2)s~(-1)和387.67ng·m~(-2)h~(-1);(2)汶川Ms8.0地震破裂带向大气脱气的CO_2年贡献量是0.95Mt,Hg的年贡献量是15.94kg。汶川Ms8.0地震破裂带破裂CO_2、CH_4、Rn和Hg等的脱气强度,不仅与破裂带渗透率有关,还与断裂带浅部存在的气藏、煤层以及磷矿层等气体源有重要的联系。 相似文献
11.
CO2气藏由于其物理、化学性质的特殊性,CO2气勘探与烃类气既有相同又有区别,综合应用多种资料和多种技术方法是识别CO2气(层)藏的有效手段。利用区域地质分析、地球物理和地球化学勘探方法综合评价非烃气的分布,提出钻探目标,通过非烃色谱测量法和红外线CO2气体浓度测量法实现CO2气层钻井现场动态检测,利用气体色谱检测相关录井参数资料、核测井密度中子孔隙度差值综合解释CO2气层,有效地识别CO2气。主要介绍CO2气藏综合勘探技术的关键的新技术方法,如地球化学方法、录井和测井综合识别的关键技术方法等。 相似文献
12.
2010—2012年,中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心承担完成的“全国二氧化碳地质储存潜力评价与示范工程计划项目”,全面建立了我国二氧化碳地质储存潜力与适宜性评价指标体系与评价技术方法,评价了主要沉积盆地的二氧化碳地质储存潜力与适宜性,完成了全国1∶500万评价图系和主要盆地评价图集编制,圈定出一批二氧化碳地质储存目标靶区;构建了深部咸水层二氧化碳地质储存工程选址、场地勘查与评价技术方法;与神华集团合作,在内蒙古鄂尔多斯市伊金霍洛旗成功实施了我国首个深部咸水层二氧化碳地质储存示范工程,基本形成了我国二氧化碳地质储存基本理论和技术方法体系。 相似文献
13.
二氧化碳地质研究的意义及全球高含二氧化碳天然气的分布特点 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
二氧化碳地质研究具有重要的资源意义和地学意义。其资源意义表现在高纯CO2天然气可视为珍贵的矿产资源,在工农业中有广阔的用途。CO2地质研究的其它地学意义在于它是全球碳循环过程中的重要中枢,也是人类认识自然的极好指标。全球高含CO2天然气的分布具有明显的区域性特点,主要分布在北美洛基山东麓、中国东部、南中国海、南澳大利亚和新西兰,等环太平洋国家和地区,还有欧洲喀尔巴阡地区和高加索地区。这些地区正好是中—新生代火山—岩浆活动激烈、构造十分发育、地热流值异常高的含烃或高含碳酸盐物质的沉积盆地。 相似文献
14.
Robert A. Berner 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(16):1173-1177
The rise of large vascular plants during the mid-Paleozoic brought about a major increase in the rates of weathering of silicate minerals that induced a drop in the level of atmospheric CO2 and contributed, via the atmospheric greenhouse effect, to global cooling and the initiation of the most long lived and a really extensive glaciation of the past 550 million years. Sedimentary burial of the microbiologically resistant remains of the plants resulted during the Permo-Carboniferous in both further lowering of CO2 and in elevation of atmospheric O2. Evidence of changes in CO2 and O2 are provided by mathematical models, studies of paleosols, fossil plants, fossil insects, and the effects of modern plants on silicate weathering, and by laboratory studies of the effects of changes in O2 on plants and insects. To cite this article: R.A. Berner, C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
15.
松辽盆地含CO_2火山岩气藏的形成和分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
松辽盆地特有的深部构造背景和裂谷演化特征,造成盆地内含CO_2火山岩气藏的形成和富集。松辽裂谷盆地中新生代火山岩浆活动发育,总体上具有多期喷发、分布广泛和储集条件良好的特点。火山活动以中心式喷发为主,主要发育中基性-酸性火山岩,发育流纹岩、凝灰岩等多种岩石类型,爆发相和溢流相2种火山岩相。中生代火山岩在盆地内分布广泛,营域组构成深层有利储层,新生代火山岩在盆地外围出露较多,而在盆内出露较少。盆地高含量的二氧化碳为无机幔源成因,由青山口期和新生代幔源岩浆脱气形成。含CO_2火山岩气藏的形成主要受深部构造背景、深大断裂和中新生代火山岩控制。已发现含CO_2火山岩气藏主要分布于古中央隆起带及其两侧断陷的营城组火山岩中,具有点状、带状分布,局部富集的特点。根据主控因素分析,预测了5个CO_2富集区带。 相似文献
16.
黑钨矿是石英脉钨矿床的主要矿石矿物,其沉淀机制一直存在争议。CO2逃逸能否造成黑钨矿有效沉淀尚缺乏定量模型的评价。文章建立了W-Fe-Cl-Na-O-C-H体系的反应平衡模型,涉及22种组分和16个化学反应;相关热力学参数来自SUPCRT数据库。模型计算结果表明,pH与流体压力呈负相关关系,而钨溶解度与流体压力呈正相关关系;当成矿流体压力从静岩压力降至静水压力水平,钨溶解度降幅可达到27%~47%,降幅与温度和深度成正比。因而,降压造成的CO2逃逸是黑钨矿沉淀的有效机制之一。 相似文献
17.
Modeling the effects of completion techniques and formation heterogeneity on CO2 sequestration in shallow and deep saline aquifers 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This work studied the effect of completion techniques and reservoir heterogeneity on CO2 storage and injectivity in saline aquifers using a compositional reservoir simulator, CMG-GEM. Two reservoir models were
built based on the published data to represent a deep saline aquifer and a shallow aquifer. The effect of various completion
conditions on CO2 storage was then discussed, including partial perforation of the reservoir net pay (partial completion), well geometry, orientation,
location, and length. The heterogeneity effect was addressed by considering three parameters: mean permeability, the vertical
to horizontal permeability ratio, and permeability variation. Sensitivity analysis was carried out using iSIGHT software (design
of experiments) to determine the dominant factors affecting CO2 storage capacity and injectivity. Simulation results show that the most favorable option is the perforation of all layers
with horizontal wells 250–300 m long set in the upper layers. Mean permeability has the most effect on CO2 storage capacity and injectivity; k
v/k
h affects CO2 injectivity storage capacity more than permeability variation, V
k. More CO2 can be stored in the heterogeneous reservoirs with low mean permeability; however, high injectivity can be achieved in the
uniform reservoirs with high mean permeability. 相似文献
18.
Geologic carbon sequestration is the capture of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) and its storage in deep geologic formations. The processes of CO2 seepage into surface water after migration through water-saturated sediments are reviewed. Natural CO2 and CH4 fluxes are pervasive in surface-water environments and are good analogues to potential leakage and seepage of CO2. Buoyancy-driven bubble rise in surface water reaches a maximum velocity of approximately 30 cm s−1. CO2 rise in saturated porous media tends to occur as channel flow rather than bubble flow. A comparison of ebullition versus dispersive gas transport for CO2 and CH4 shows that bubble flow will dominate over dispersion in surface water. Gaseous CO2 solubility in variable-salinity waters decreases as pressure decreases leading to greater likelihood of ebullition and bubble flow in surface water as CO2 migrates upward. 相似文献
19.
二氧化碳地质封存中的储存容量评估：问题和研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
二氧化碳地质封存被认为是一项非常有潜力的CO2减排技术。其中对CO2地质储存能力的评估可作为某一国家、某一区域或某一具体储层是否适合CO2地质封存开展的判断依据之一。但目前的研究结果表明,对CO2地质储存容量的评估并不是一个简单而直接的过程。介绍了由碳封存领导人论坛（CSFL）提出的用于不可采煤层、油气储层和深部咸水含水层中CO2储存容量评估的方法。总结了影响CO2地质储存容量评估的主要因素,为我国在CO2地质封存领域研究的广泛合作提出了建议,有助于推动该技术在中国的深入开展。 相似文献
20.
Fang Yang Baojun Bai Shari Dunn-Norman Runar Nygaard Andreas Eckert 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(1):267-275
Carbon sequestration in shallow aquifers can be facilitated by water withdrawal. The factors that optimize the injection/withdrawal balance to minimize potential environmental impacts have been studied, including reservoir size, well pattern, injection rate, reservoir heterogeneity, anisotropy ratio, and permeability sequence. The effects of these factors on CO2 storage capacity and efficiency were studied using a compositional simulator Computer Modeling Group-General Equation of State Model, which modeled features including residual gas trapping, CO2 solubility, and mineralization reactions. Two terms, storage efficiency and CO2 relative breakthrough time, were introduced to better describe the problem. The simulation results show that simultaneous water withdrawal during CO2 injection greatly improves CO2 storage capacity and efficiency. A certain degree of heterogeneity or anisotropy benefits CO2 storage. A high injection rate favors storage capacity, but reduces the storage efficiency and CO2 breakthrough time, which in turn limits the total amount of CO2 injected. 相似文献