共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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Richards方程在非饱和渗流模拟及其他相关领域应用广泛。在数值求解过程中,可以采用有限差分方法进行数值离散并迭代求解,为了获得较可靠的数值解,常规的均匀网格空间步长往往是较小的。在一些不利数值条件下,如入渗于干燥土壤,迭代计算费时甚至精度也不能得到很好改善。因此,文章提出Chebyshev空间网格改进方法,结合有限差分方法对Richards方程进行数值离散以获得线性方程组,并通过经典的Picard迭代方法进行迭代求解线性方程组以得到Richards方程的数值解。通过均质土和分层土2个不利情况下的非饱和渗流算例,又结合模型解析解和软件Hydrus-1D,对比研究了改进网格方法与均匀网格方法获得数值解的精度。结果表明,提出的Chebyshev网格方法相较于传统的均匀网格,可以在较少的节点数下获得较高的数值精度,又具有较小的计算开销,有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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撞击坑是太阳系内大多数类地行星表面的一种重要地质过程,文中介绍了撞击坑形成的机制和撞击坑研究中的数值模拟方法。首先介绍模拟撞击成坑过程的基本理论与策略,着重指出状态方程在数值模拟中具有重要作用。然而,相对于客观世界物质复杂多样,在撞击坑数值模拟中仅有少数物质的状态方程,因此在研究中不可避免地使用其他物质的状态方程进行替换。详细阐述了状态方程替换的概念和原则,即它们的雨贡纽曲线必须相似。其次进一步从理论上分析这种替代过程对物理属性以及溅射速度的影响。最后,开展两个小型撞击坑的数值模拟,靶区分别使用花岗岩和石英岩,模拟结果显示了两次模拟中的峰值压力、温度以及密度的相似性和差异性。这种分析能够有助于行星科学领域的研究,尤其是在目前从月球、火星以及其他星体正在获取越来越多数据的阶段。 相似文献
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非均匀介质中交错网格高阶有限差分数值模拟 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
地震波场的数值模拟一直是地球物理学的一个重要的研究领域,而在数值正演模拟方法的研究中,计算精度和计算效率是评价该方法有效性及优越性的二个关键问题。这里从一阶速度—应力弹性波动方程出发,着重介绍如何构造离散化模型的网格,如何求解空间导数,如何选取边界条件等内容,从而更有效地提高数值计算的精度与计算效率。文中构造了不同类型的介质模型,并在交错网格中,利用高阶有限差分模拟非均匀介质的波场传播。模拟结果表明,该方法实现简单,具有很好地稳定性和较高的精度,能够直观、高效地反映出介质中波场的传播规律。 相似文献
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由于地质体和矿体的形态非常复杂，使用长方体网格离散建立正演模型时可能和真实情况有很大差别，因此计算结果可靠性差。本文提出一种基于约束Delaunay网格剖分的方法对地质体进行离散并进行重力建模，在模型边界等复杂区域使用网格自适应加密技术，将三维地质体离散为有限个四面体；并详细推导出针对四面体网格的重力正演公式，实现了基于约束Delaunay网格剖分技术的三维重力数值模拟；最后，针对一个合成数据模型，将计算解与解析解对比。结果表明，细化网格的模拟结果比粗糙网格更好，满足数值模拟的精度要求。将该方法应用到金川矿区实际地质体建模中，根据局部需要，建立各处网格密度不均匀的三维模型，并计算该模型的地表重力场，而后对比模拟数据与实测数据，结果表明Delaunay网格建模方法具有很强的适用性，能够模拟复杂的地质体重力异常。 相似文献
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本文从N-S方程出发,建立了二维滑坡涌浪控制方程,使用二维非定常分离隐式PISO算法求解方程。通过UDF(User-Defined Function)编程,采用动网格技术控制滑体的运动,结合RNGk-ε湍流模型并采用VOF方法跟踪非线性自由表面流场,基于流体计算软件FLUENT模拟滑体下滑所引起的水的速度、自由表面高度变化以及流动过程,并将数值计算结果与Monaghan和Kos的试验数据进行比较。算例表明:本模型能很好地模拟出滑体下滑过程中孤立波的产生和传播以及涡流的形成。在此基础上,本文还研究了滑体速度对水体自由表面变形的影响。 相似文献
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以河北省某露天铁矿边坡为工程背景,采用连续-离散耦合数值分析方法,对典型边坡断面进行分步开挖,结合强度折减法,计算分析坡体的变形规律和受力特征。连续、离散网格区域分别采用有限差分FLAC和颗粒离散元PFC进行建模,着重从连续-离散模型的数据一致性,剪应变增量的形成、发展与局部位移的关系,连续-离散介质受力与位移过程,离散体细观破裂与坡体塑性变形等方面,对边坡稳定性的耦合分析方法进行研究,从宏观和细观角度对边坡的失稳机制进行了较为全面的探索。结果表明：（1）计算过程中坡体应力和位移在连续域和离散域保持了较高的一致性,连续-离散耦合分析方法适用于边坡稳定性研究;（2）作为边坡失稳判据的剪应变增量变化过程主要受岩土体水平位移控制;（3）细观破裂机制可有效表征边坡的宏观塑性变形;（4）土体颗粒接触力链的方向改变是土体位移和变形的驱动因素。 相似文献
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基于有限体积方法和结构化网格,建立了海底滑坡引起的波浪传播数值模型。模型控制方程为考虑了海床随时间变化的二维浅水方程。采用中心迎风格式计算控制体界面数值通量,采用线性重构技术、局部海床高程处理技术和全隐式离散底摩阻项,保证了格式的和谐性、守恒性和水深非负性,有效处理了海岸动边界问题。时间积分采用具有强稳定性质的二阶龙格-库塔方法（ssp RK）。针对滑坡体兴波经典算例开展数值模拟,将计算结果与解析解、实验结果及其他模型计算结果进行比较和分析。结果表明,对于所考虑的计算工况,模型能较合理地模拟滑坡兴波的产生、传播和爬高过程。 相似文献
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波动方程数值模拟是研究地震波传播机理的重要工具,有限差分求解波动方程是当前地震波数值模拟的主要方法之一。当地下介质中的地震波速度较低或地震波高频成分丰富时,常规有限差分技术常常产生严重的数值频散误差,这种误差会降低数值模拟的精度,影响对地震波传播机理的分析。为压制地震波数值模拟时产生的数值频散误差,提高波场模拟精度,提出了基于NAD算子的时间四阶精度波动方程差分格式。根据对应的差分格式,分析了该差分格式的数值频散关系。与常规四阶精度差分算法的频散曲线相比,基于NAD时间四阶精度差分方法不但能够实现时间频散的有效压制,同时其基于更多网格点的位移分量和位移梯度分量空间微分求解方法还能够实现空间频散的有效压制。另外在相同模型条件下,基于NAD算法的声波方程时间四阶差分解法可采用大网格对模拟空间进行差分离散,减少网格数,提高计算效率。 相似文献
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岩石时效损伤模型及其在工程爆破中应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了实现爆破智能化,降低爆破带来的负面影响,通过数值模拟预估出岩体中爆破诱发损伤的大小以及分布范围在工程上具有重要意义,其中科学合理的爆破损伤模型是关键。基于岩石介质是连续的、各向同性的、且存在初始裂纹的假设,把考虑时效的岩石拉裂损伤演化方程和双线形弹塑性本构结合起来,通过用户自定义简明地嵌入到大型LS-DYNA软件中,并引入了该软件中的侵蚀算法,对半无限岩体中临空面附近爆破漏斗问题进行了重点数值模拟,计算结果比较接近实际。本文方法在工程中将具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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Panichev Aleksander Seryodkin Ivan Popov Vladimir Chekryzhov Igor Makarevich Raisa Lutsenko Tatiana Stolyarova Tatiana Sergievich Aleksander Khoroshikh Pavel Maksimova Darya Petrunenko Yury 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2020,13(4):1-11
This paper establishes a mechanical model of the stress distribution in front of the driving face during coal roadway excavation. Theoretical research shows that the stress state in the plastic zone of the driving face is consistent with the limit equilibrium equation, and the elastic zone is in accordance with the equilibrium equation based on elasticity mechanics. Based on this improved mechanical state solution model, different coal material constitutive hypotheses are used for the analysis. The width of the plastic zone calculated under the brittle-perfectly elastic model can reach 2–5 times the height of the roadway, and the stress concentration coefficient can reach two or more times. 3DEC numerical simulation software was used to simulate the stress distribution of the heading face. The results of the simulation are similar to those of the theoretical analysis. Compared with the elastic-perfectly plastic model, the calculated results of the brittle-perfectly elastic model are more consistent with the numerical simulation results. The heading face coal during roadway excavation shows obvious damage, and the strength characteristics of the coal decrease. 相似文献
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The Wolfe Creek Meteorite Crater is an impact structure 880 m in diameter, located in the Tanami Desert near Halls Creek, Western Australia. The crater formed?<?300 000 years ago, and is the second largest crater from which fragments of the impacting meteorite (a medium octahedrite) have been recovered. We present the results of new ground-based geophysical (magnetics and gravity) surveys conducted over the structure in July?–?August 2003. The results highlight the simple structure of the crater under the infilling sediments, and forward modelling is consistent with the true crater floor being 120 m beneath the present surface. The variations in the dip of the foliations around the crater rim confirm that the meteorite approached from the east-northeast, as is also deduced from the ejecta distribution. Crater scaling arguments suggest a projectile diameter of?>?12.0 m, a crater formation time of 3.34 s, and an energy of impact of ～0.235 Mt of TNT. We also use the distribution of shocked quartz in the target rock (Devonian sandstones) to reconstruct the shock loading conditions of the impact. The estimated maximum pressures at the crater rim were between 5.59 and 5.81 GPa. We also use a Simplified Arbitrary Langrangian–Eulerian hydrocode (SALE 2) to simulate the propagation of shock waves through a material described by a Tillotson equation of state. Using the deformational and PT constraints of the Wolfe Creek crater, we estimate the maximum pressures, and the shock-wave attenuation, of this medium-sized impact. 相似文献
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This paper presents an improved discrete element model, which incorporates stochastically distorted contact mechanics, for the simulation of double-twisted hexagonal wire meshes that are commonly used in rockfall protection. First, the characteristics of such meshes are investigated by conducting quasi-static and dynamic experimental tests. Second, the discrete model for the simulation of such meshes is presented. A stochastically distorted contact model is introduced to account for distortions of the wires and hexagons, allowing a more realistic representation of the mechanical response of the mesh from the deformation point of view and the force point of view. Quasi-static tensile tests of a plane net sheet, subjected to a constant strain rate, are used to study the effect of the stochastically distorted contact formulation and to calibrate the numerical model. Finally, the dynamic response of an impacting block on a horizontal mesh sheet is used to compare the numerical predictions against experimental results in order to validate the proposed approach. 相似文献
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Rock joint constitutive modelling is discussed through two new rock joint constitutive relations and a discrete numerical model. Regarding the constitutive relations, we emphasise the number of ‘tensorial zones’, that is, domains of constitutive incremental linearity; they involve four zones for the first (called ‘quadrilinear’) and an infinite number for the second one (called ‘incrementally nonlinear’). Using these formulations, a large class of loading paths can be considered. Hardening through shearing and relations between the normal and tangential directions of the joint (e.g., dilatancy) can be described. Their predictive abilities are checked. Plastic features are included even if the relations are defined outside the elasto‐plastic formalism. These relations obey, hence, the physical evidence as the plastic limit criterion and flow rule. The flow rule is nonassociated, and the corresponding link with the nonsymmetry of the constitutive matrix is examined. Comparisons between the two relations and the discrete numerical model, that is, a direct numerical simulation, which is fundamentally different, also are discussed within the context of infilled rock joints. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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根据物体运动的摩擦力定律和物体变形破坏的库仑定律对牛顿内摩擦定律作了改进 ,进而改进了达西定律。用改进的达西定律与实验资料进行拟合 ,阐述了达西定律与实际偏离的原因。 相似文献
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基于TIN的三维地层建模及可视化技术研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
基于多层格网模型的表面建模方法,以及以此为基础形成的类三棱柱体元建模方法,要产生大量冗余的三角形面片或者细长的三棱柱单元,既不利于三维模型的快速浏览,也不能满足数值计算单元剖分的原则。采用TIN（不规则三角网）来表达地层面模型可以消除数据冗余。根据数据源的特点,实现了直接通过逐点插入法构造TIN模型,或者先通过Kriging插值法构造格网模型,再转化为TIN模型,以及利用等高线数据构造TIN模型。对TIN的裁剪算法进行了探讨,实现了地层面裁剪和断层的三维建模技术。借助可视化开发类库VTK,实现了三维地层模型的多种可视化表达方法。根据龙滩水电工程地质勘查情况,建立了坝址区域的三维地层模型。 相似文献
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《Computers and Geotechnics》2006,33(6-7):316-329
The aim of the paper is to provide new elements concerning the constitutive behavior of sedimentary rocks and the numerical aspects for basin simulators. A comprehensive model for mechanical compaction of sedimentary basins is developed within finite poroplasticity setting. Particular concern is paid to the effects of large porosity changes on the poromechanical properties of the sediment material. A simplified micromechanics-based approach is used to account for the stiffness increase and hardening induced by large plastic strains.A key challenge for numerical assessment of sedimentary basin evolution is to integrate multiple coupled processes in the context of open material systems. To this end, a numerical approach inspired from the ‘deactivation/reactivation’ method used for the simulation of excavation process and lining placement in tunnel engineering, has been developed. Periods of sediments accretion are simulated by progressive activation of the gravity forces within a fictitious closed system. Fundamental components of the constitutive model developed before (hydromechanical coupling, dependence of poroelastic properties on large plasticity, impact of irreversible porosity changes on the hardening rule, evolution of permeability with porosity) are included into our finite element code.Illustrative examples of basin simulation are performed in the one-dimensional case. Various aspects of the constitutive model are investigated. Their influence on the corresponding basin response is analyzed in terms of compaction law, porosity and fluid pressure profiles. 相似文献