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1.
煤与瓦斯突出机理研究现状及分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
对现有的煤与瓦斯突出机理研究成果进行了评述;阐述了煤与瓦斯突出机理的研究思路与方法及其历史发展过程和研究现状;分析了这些研究成果的不足之处,提出了煤与瓦斯突出机理的研究方向。研究表明,煤与瓦斯突出机理已经从单因素向多因素发展,综合作用假说得到了普遍认可,这为防突工作提供了理论依据。认为,煤与瓦斯突出准备机理、失稳与平衡机理、发展机理、传播机理和煤与瓦斯突出带分布规律研究是煤与瓦斯突出机理需要深入研究的方向。 相似文献
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气候适宜度国内外研究进展及展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
简要概述了国外在气候适宜度方面的研究现状,回顾了我国在气候适宜度方面的研究历程,将气候适宜度研究划分为3个阶段:研究的起步阶段、初步发展应用阶段及应用研究升温阶段。从气候适宜度模型的改进、气候适宜度应用的延伸及气候适宜度模型的发展3个方面介绍了我国在气候适宜度方面的主要成果和进展;从气候变化对农业的影响角度及气候适宜度研究存在的薄弱环节等方面,提出立足作物生长模型的气候适宜度模型研究、立足特色农业的气候适宜度研究、立足气候变化的气候适宜度研究、立足不同理论的气候适宜度模型研究和气候适宜度评价指标研究等方面将是未来气候适宜度研究的重点和热点。 相似文献
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The research progress of climate suitability at home and abroad was briefly reviewed in this paper, which was divided into three stages: The initial stage of research, the initial development and application stage, and the application research warming stage. The main achievements and progress of climate suitability in China were also introduced from three aspects as follows: Improvement of climate suitability model, extension of climate suitability applications and development of climate suitability model. Based on the impact of climate change on agriculture and the weak links in climate suitability research, the focus and hotspot of future climate suitability research were proposed, which will be five important directions:The climate suitability model proceed from crop growth model, the climate suitability research proceed from characteristic agriculture, the climate suitability research proceed from climate change, the climate suitability model based on different theories and the climate suitability evaluation index research. 相似文献
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现代港口地理学的研究进展及展望 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
基于港口地理研究的时代背景变迁,分析了现代港口地理学的研究进展与研究内容,重点从港口地理的基本研究范畴、港口理论、港口体系、枢纽港、港口与腹地关系、航运网络、航运企业和码头企业等角度深入解析其重点历程与主要论点,对中国港口地理学的研究进展和国际学者的相关论点进行了阐述,然后从研究内容、研究范式、研究重点和研究地区等角度,总结和评价现代港口地理学的研究特征,梳理其发展规律与研究轨迹。同时基于以上研究,从研究范式、研究重点、研究单位等角度,对港口地理学的未来研究趋向进行了深入探讨。通过该研究,系统总结了港口地理学的研究进展,有助于该学科的理论和实证研究。 相似文献
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在对国内外水问题进行科学识别的基础上,分析了水循环的"自然-人工"二元演变模式,明晰了水循环及伴生水化学、水生态和水沙过程的相互关系,初步阐述了现代水文水资源学科体系的构成。在对国际水文水资源研究发展趋势及热点和前沿问题进行阐释的基础上,结合中国水文水资源研究现状及水问题解决的实践需求,论述了中国水文水资源研究的学科体系的构成,并分析其重大研究方向。在变化环境和高强度人类活动影响下,水循环在驱动力、结构及参数等方面已呈现出显著"自然-人工"二元特征。现代水文水资源研究正由传统"还原细化"研究向综合交叉方向发展,并由传统基于单个水文环节的研究过渡到基于二元水循环过程的研究上来,原型观测与数学模拟的结合已成为其关键研究手段。中国水文水资源研究需要进一步强化水循环及伴生过程演变机理识别与定量模拟方面的基础研究,完善水资源评价、配置、调度、水权分配、水价定价理论和技术等方面的应用基础研究,服务于节水型社会建设、水环境保护与水生态修复、水资源综合管理、防灾减灾与应急管理、民生水利及现代水利建设与管理等实践需求。 相似文献
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In this paper, we have analysed the major marine research strategies, programs and projects and the overall layout on marine research of the United Kingdom in recent years and found several characteristics: The United Kingdom increased emphasis on the national top-level design of marine research; The marine research infrastructures of the United Kingdom will be given long-term support in the future; Priority areas on marine research in the future will be determine and identified according to the national science and technology status and national needs of national economy; The United Kingdom will focus on ocean acidification, marine renewable energy development and coastal hazards research in the future. Then we gave out some recommendations on our courtry’ development on marine science and technology: Establishing a long-term national marine science and technology strategic plan; strengthening the investment in the important marine research infrastructure; setting several reasonable research priorities according to China’s national strategic needs. 相似文献
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Research hotspots and trends of groundwater and ecology studies: Based on a bibliometric approach 
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下载免费PDF全文 Groundwater, as a critical component of the hydrological cycle, is essential for sustainable ecosystem development. To clarify the current status of domestic and overseas research, and to identify hotspots, frontier and future trends of groundwater and ecology research, this study utilizes bibliometric methods and CiteSpace software to examine relevant published articles in the Web of Science (WOS) and CNKI databases from 1978 to 2022. Specifically, this study analyzes (1) the annual number of published papers; (2) research institutions; (3) keywords; and (4) evolution of research hotspots. The findings reveal that the United States, China, and Germany are the top three countries in groundwater and ecology research. International research hotspots mainly focus on microbial ecology, climate change, groundwater-surface water interactions in the hyporheic zone, biodiversity, and submarine groundwater discharge, while domestic research hotspots mainly focus on ecological water conveyance, ecological flow, groundwater development and utilization, groundwater pollution, and groundwater and ecological protection. Both domestic and international research hotspots exhibit interdisciplinary features with diverse research objects and assessment methods. Future research in this area is expected to focus on topics such as contamination, groundwater quality, framework, mechanism, spatial distribution, and dissolved organic matter. Additionally, the study of ecological recharge, ecological flow, ecological protection, water intake and use will continue to be the hot topics domestically. 相似文献
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冲击铲刮效应一直是中国西南山区高位岩质滑坡动力学研究的热点问题。文章在开展大量的野外调查基础上，结合目前国内外的研究现状，对目前的基础理论和研究方法进行了归纳总结；从国内外高位远程铲刮型滑坡的典型案例入手，总结了高位远程滑坡的冲击铲刮模式主要有嵌入铲起模式、裹挟刮带模式、冲击滑移模式和冲击飞溅模式；提出了在高位滑坡冲击铲刮研究中的难点和重点问题；并在理论解析、数值计算、人工智能和风险预测方面对今后的冲击铲刮研究思路进行了展望。目的是为冲击铲刮效应响应下的高位滑坡成灾模式和动力学特征分析提供重要的研究基础，为高位远程滑坡动力研究、科学防灾减灾和科学救援工作提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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古土壤的类型及识别标志 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
古土壤是近年来沉积学研究领域的一个热点。在对古土壤的识别、类型划分、研究方法及研究意义分析介绍的基础上,重点论述了古土壤的宏观和微观结构特征以及矿物和地球化学特征。最后对河北南部晚古生代地层中的古土壤类型进行了初步分析,提出了古土壤研究中需要进一步加强的几个方面的问题。 相似文献
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地球物理勘探和地球化学勘探即物化探是实现地质找矿突破的重要手段。物化探科技成果的特征及分类研究将有助于各应用群了解该专业化成果,推进其普适化服务。本文初步研究并定义了物化探科技成果,提出了物化探科技成果兼具公益性与商业性、信息性与实物性、原创性与集成性、专业性与广泛性特征;按照研究的目的将成果分为基础研究成果、应用研究成果和开发研究成果三类;将物化探科技成果的应用群划分为专业、政府、公众三大类应用群,并分别列出了需求意向以及成果表达形式,为未来的普适化产品研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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可持续生计的研究现状及未来重点趋向 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Under the background of fast urbanization and urban-rural dual structure in China, the research about sustainable livelihoods has important theoretical and practical meaning for solving the problem of poverty in rural areas and promoting the transformation of semi-urbanized farmers who live in city to urban residents. First, this paper reviewed the emergence and development history of sustainable livelihoods, and introduced current frameworks of sustainable livelihoods analysis. Second, this paper summarized the international research status quo from the aspects of both theory and practice, concluded the domestic research progress from four aspects including vulnerability context, livelihoods assets, policy and institution influencing process, livelihoods strategy and outcome. This study believed that the problems of current sustainable livelihoods research included: The theoretical system is incomplete and needs to be improved; research methods and technological means are not complete, which could obstruct research results; most researches focus on rather static assessment than dynamic forecast; researchers focus mainly on case study in rural areas, lacking in the semi-urbanized farmers in the urbanization process and macro level study. Finally, this paper suggested five key issues of future sustainable livelihoods research including the sustainable livelihoods research of a large number of semi-urbanized farmers in the urbanization process, sustainable livelihoods research at macro level, integrated study of both humanities and natural sciences, dynamic study based on new technological means, and sustainable livelihoods research in typical case areas. 相似文献
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With the increasing occurrence of disasters, how to respond to disasters has attracted a lot of interest. However, a systematic study of emergency response in disasters (ER) has been ignored. Based on the bibliometric analysis and visualization of 3678 journal articles (1970–2019) related to ER from the Web of Science, the current research situation in the field of ER has been studied. The important research questions and trends in the field of ER have been identified. In this study, the VOSviewer software is used to visually analyze publications about ER. Specifically, the most influential journals and authors, highly cited publications, authoritative research institutions, and co-citation are identified in this study. Moreover, the Ucinet software is applied to analyze the social network of 45 high-frequency keywords and the Citespace software is used to study the keyword citation bursts. The results show that the keywords “optimization” and “demand” are the most popular research interests. Besides, four main research topics on ER are summarized, which are emergency supplies and facility-related research, emergency preparedness and security-related research, emergency decision system-related research, and emergency medical rescue and cure-related research. Finally, this study puts forward the research work that should be paid attention to in the future according to different research topics, which can help researchers to understand the ER research progress systematically and focus on emerging research questions.
相似文献14.
20世纪70年代以来，湿地研究成为国际环境科学和生态学研究的热点领域之一。尤其是景观生态学的兴起为湿地研究注入了新的活力,为在区域尺度上开展湿地的综合研究起到了启发和指导作用。空间格局、生态过程与尺度之间的相互关系是景观生态学研究的核心内容。同样，从景观尺度上来研究湿地空间格局与生态过程及其相互关系是当前湿地科学的研究热点。对景观格局与生态过程的研究方法、湿地主要生态过程、湿地景观格局与生态过程相互关系等方面的国内外研究进展进行了综述。最后分析了目前湿地景观格局与生态过程相互关系研究中存在的问题与不足,未来湿地生态过程以及湿地格局与生态过程相互关系的研究热点及发展趋势。 相似文献
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2010-2016年国际极地研究综合评价分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
极地在气候系统、全球资源和战略中具有重要意义,并且随着人类对它的开发,极地研究也日益成为地球与环境科学领域的核心和热点议题。基于Web of Science数据库收录的2010-2016年SCI文章,利用文献计量方法,结合国际政策和战略,分析了2010-2016年极地研究的发展格局和变化趋势。结果表明：（1）近年来国际极地研究论文年发文量总体呈持续增长态势,年均增幅为3.6%。（2）发达国家及高纬度国家是极地领域的主要研究力量,美国占据绝对优势。（3）在SCI发表的国际极地研究论文来源期刊共计915种,来自57个国家,美国期刊占1/3。（4）结合欧盟极地研究优先领域和文献计量方法得出,极地研究未来新的发展方向侧重于人文及社会因素,重点提倡人类对极地的影响以及新技术应用。建议我国科研人员密切关注国际极地研究的发展态势和进展,鼓励海洋学、气象学、地质学、环境生态学、生物学、社会学和政治学等领域专家有计划地开展极地研究,为我国赢取极地研究国际发言权和参与度。 相似文献
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随着煤层气的开发，煤粉问题已逐渐成为制约煤层气开发的重要问题。由于近年来煤粉问题才开始被关注和重视，煤粉研究缺乏系统科学的研究思路和方法，从煤粉的危害、煤粉形成机制、煤粉产出规律及煤粉管控措施方面，总结了煤层气开发中产出煤粉的研究现状，指出了煤粉研究的不足，提出了一套由理论依据、研究内容、研究方法等核心环节构成的煤层气开发中煤粉问题的研究思路与方法:以煤层气地质与开发学、煤田地质学、岩石力学和流体力学等多学科理论为指导，以《煤层气勘探开发规范》《煤层气井监测方法》《测试分析技术方法》等相关技术标准和规范为依据，以历年煤层气地质资料和煤层气排采数据为基础，按资料收集→现场监测与采样→测试与数据处理→物理模拟与数值模拟→专题制图与综合分析→技术设备研发→现场工程应用的工作流程和方法，以煤粉产出的影响因素、煤粉产出机理、煤粉产出规律和煤粉管制措施等为主要研究内容，选择典型煤层气示范区，开展全面系统的煤粉研究工作，为实现煤层气高效开发提供保障。本研究思路与方法为科学研究煤粉问题提供方法学依据。 相似文献
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J.B. Thornes 《Geoforum》1979,10(3):253-259
Three aspects of the application of geomorphological research are identified: direct application of principles, methods and techniques; research and development specifically for application and the recognition of potentially applicable research. Some recent British work in each of these areas is reviewed. 相似文献
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Urbanization is the most prominent comprehensive geographical process based on human activities in the surface of the Earth, with obvious interdisciplinary characteristics. In recent years, new urbanization has become an important frontier issue both at home and abroad. Urbanization is also one of the most important frontier interdisciplinary directions and one of the key research areas of geosciences. Future Earth, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the International Geographical Union’s Commission on Geography for Future Earth:Coupled Human-Earth Systems for Sustainability (IGU-GFE) all emphasize coupling relationship between urbanization and human-earth system and sustainable development. Based on the discussion of significance of urbanization research in interdisciplinary fields, this paper reviewed the progress of urbanization research and put forward challenges and opportunities of urbanization research, and its objectives and tasks. It is recommended to play the role of the multi-disciplinary cross-cutting characteristics and strengthen the scientific and technological support and basic research depth of urbanization in interdisciplinary fields. To face the international research frontier and meet China's major needs, we proposed the top-level design and scientific and technological layout for urbanization research as soon as possible so as to improve the influence, the right to speak and the initiative of China's urbanization research in the world and play the scientific and technological support role of basic research better to serve the country’s strategic needs. 相似文献
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国外GIS在地下水管理与研究中的应用和启示 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
GIS及其应用研究是水资源学科发展中的一个热点问题.本文在对国外GIS及其在地下水管理与研究领域的应用概况进行介绍的基础上,指出了GIS在地下水管理与研究领域的主要发展方向,并总结出GIS技术在国外地下水管理与研究领域的应用情况及其给我国带来的启示. 相似文献