共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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Debabrata Giri 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2014,9(1):72-78
The designing of retaining walls requires the complete knowledge of earth pressure distribution. Under earthquake conditions the design needs special attention to reduce the devastating effect, but under seismic conditions, the available literature mostly uses the pseudo-static analytical solution as an approximate to the real dynamic nature of the complex problem. This paper shows a detailed study on the seismic passive earth thrust behind a cantilever retaining wall with inclined backfill surface by pseudo-dynamic analysis. A planar failure surface has been considered. The effect of variation of parameters such as soil friction angle, wall friction angle and back fill inclination have been explored. A complete analysis shows that the time dependent non-linear behaviour of the pressure distribution obtained in the present method results in more realistic design values of earth pressures under earthquake conditions. Results are provided in tabular and graphical non-dimensional form and compared thoroughly with the existing values in the literature. 相似文献
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Kourosh Ghaffari Irdmoosa 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2019,14(2):71-84
The current study was undertaken to study the effect of soil arching on active earth pressure distribution in retaining walls with c–φ backfill. An analytical approach is presented to develop a general solution considering the effects of surcharge, backfill soil cohesion and slip surface inclination. The magnitude and height of the application of lateral active force is also derived. The results from the proposed equation corresponded to the measured results from a full-scale test, shows non-linear pressure distribution with zero pressure at wall base and less pressure in deeper heights compared to Coulomb’s method. According to the results of parametric analysis, the proposed equation predicts the active earth thrust nearly equal to that of the Coulomb’s equation, however, the surcharge-induced soil pressure is obtained approximately 50% greater than the conventional equation. Moreover, the height of application of active thrust is located at the height of 0.4H from the wall base. These indicate that using the Coulomb’s active equation for retaining walls design, is not in the safe side. 相似文献
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Currently, knowledge of the failure mechanisms of narrow backfills with retaining walls rotating about the top (RT mode) is still lacking which leads to inaccurate estimations of the earth pressure. Numerical simulations using finite element limit analysis find that under the effects of backfill geometries, interface strengths, and soil properties, the upper soil layer supported by soil arching retains its integrity and the lower soil layer is sheared by multiple curved sliding surfaces in the limit state. Based on the failure mechanisms of narrow backfills, a calculation model is established which considers the soil arching effect, curved sliding surface, and cohesive soils. Analytical solutions for the earth pressure of narrow cohesive backfills with retaining walls rotating about the top are derived by using the limit equilibrium horizontal slice method. Compared with previous studies, the present method predicts the earth pressure distribution with higher accuracy. Several extensive parametric studies have also been conducted. Thus, decreasing the aspect ratio of backfills, increasing the inclined angle of natural slopes, interface strengths, and soil cohesion are beneficial for maintaining backfill integrity and reducing earth pressure against retaining walls.
相似文献6.
Seismic Passive Earth Thrust on Retaining Walls with Cohesive Backfills Using Pseudo-Dynamic Approach 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
A. H. Shafiee A. Eskandarinejad M. Jahanandish 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2010,28(4):525-531
In this paper, the pseudo-dynamic approach is used to estimate seismic passive earth thrust on retaining walls with cohesive-frictional
backfills. The time-dependent pseudo-dynamic approach considers the influence of dynamic parameters such as the velocity of
primary and shear waves, the period of lateral shaking, and the phase and amplitude variations of horizontal and vertical
earthquake accelerations with depth. The failure plane behind the wall is assumed to be planar. The analysis is based on the
equilibrium of forces which act within the failure wedge. The obtained results show that the backfill cohesion increases both
the seismic passive earth thrust and the failure plane inclination angle with the horizontal plane. It is also observed that
both horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations have decreasing effect on seismic passive earth thrust as well as failure
plane inclination angle. The results of present pseudo-dynamic analysis propose a lower solution for seismic passive earth
thrust compared to earlier pseudo-static solution available in the literature. 相似文献
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《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(2):115-121
The study presents a rational analytical approach to obtain the seismic passive response of an inclined retaining wall backfilled with horizontal c-Φ soil. Pseudo-dynamic analysis is carried out to obtain the seismic passive response. Here in this analysis, the critical wedge angle is a single one irrespective of weight, surcharge and cohesion and this fact satisfies the field situation in a more realistic manner. A planer failure surface is considered in the analysis. The effect of soil and wall friction angle, wall inclination, horizontal and vertical earthquake acceleration on the passive resistance and the variation of passive earth pressure along the height of the wall have been explored. A comparison to pseudo-static and other available methods have been made to highlight the non-linearity of seismic passive earth pressure distribution. 相似文献
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《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(4):231-244
ABSTRACTBackfills behind retaining walls are often made of collapsible soils, which are subjected to wetting by surface running water or by rising the groundwater table. Collapsible soil shows considerable strength when it is dry or at a relatively low degree of saturation and experiences excessive and sudden settlement when it is inundated. This paper presents an experimental investigation on walls retaining overconsolidated collapsible soil subjected to passive earth pressure. A prototype model of a vertical wall, retaining horizontal backfill was developed. Collapsible soil was prepared in the laboratory by mixing kaolin clay with fine sand. The model was instrumented to measure the total passive earth force on the wall, the passive earth pressure at strategic locations on the wall, and the overconsolidation ratio of the soil in the testing tank. The state of passive pressure was developed by pushing the wall horizontally toward the backfill without any rotation. Tests were conducted on walls retaining overconsolidated collapsible soil at the dry and at full saturation conditions. Results showed that for the dry state, the passive earth pressure increases with the increase of the collapse potential and overconsolidation ratio, and was significantly dropped at full saturation. 相似文献
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考虑土拱效应的挡土墙主动土压力与被动土压力统一解 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土拱效应对倾斜挡土墙下的主动土压力及被动土压力有重要的影响,但是相关计算理论研究略显不足。为了将土拱效应考虑到倾斜挡土墙下的土压力计算中,首先通过应力摩尔圆及静力平衡法分别给出了考虑土拱效应下主动土压力及被动土压力计算所需的两大因素：侧向土压力系数及竖向平均应力公式。在此基础上建立了考虑土拱效应的倾斜挡土墙主动土压力及被动土压力的统一表达式,并将其应用到求解土压力合力及其作用点高度的计算中。算例表明,土拱效应对于主动土压力与被动土压力的影响不同。随着墙体倾角的增大,主动土压力作用点高度逐渐降低,即土拱效应随着墙体倾角的增大而降低。与前述相反,随着墙体倾角的增大,被动土压力作用点高度逐渐降低,即土拱效应的影响随着墙体倾角的增大而增大。 相似文献
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Cheng‐Der Wang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2007,31(13):1443-1475
This work presents analytical solutions for determining lateral force (force per unit length) and centroid location caused by horizontal and vertical surcharge surface loads acting on a cross‐anisotropic backfill. The surcharge loading types are point load, line load, uniform strip load, upward linear‐varying strip load, upward nonlinear‐varying strip load, downward linear‐varying strip load, and downward nonlinear‐varying strip load. The planes of cross‐anisotropy are assumed parallel to the backfill ground surface. The proposed solutions, derived by integrating the lateral stress solutions (Int. J. Numer. Anal. Meth. Geomech. 2005; 29 :1341–1361), do not exist in literature. Clearly, the type and degree of material anisotropy, loading distance from the retaining wall, and loading types markedly impact the proposed solutions. Two examples are utilized to illustrate the type and degree of soil anisotropy, and the loading types on the lateral force and centroid location in the isotropic/cross‐anisotropic backfills generated by the horizontal and vertical uniform, upward linear‐varying and upward nonlinear‐varying strip loads. The parametric study results demonstrate that the lateral force and centroid location accounting for soil anisotropy, loading distance from the retaining wall, dimension of the loading strip, and loading directions and types differ significantly from those estimated using existing isotropic solutions. The derived solutions can be added to other lateral pressures, such as earth pressure or water pressure, required for stability and structural analysis of a retaining wall. Additionally, they can simulate realistically actual surcharge loading problems in geotechnical engineering when backfill materials are cross‐anisotropic. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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极限状态下墙体侧向位移对土压力计算和支挡结构设计影响显著。根据Rankine变形体和Coulomb刚塑体模型,将墙后土体变形分别当作单剪和直剪试验中试样的剪切过程,以达到极限剪切变形（剪应变或单位长度剪切位移）作为进入主被动状态标准,构建了土体变形与墙体位移的几何关系,提出了反映土体变形与强度特性,同时考虑静止时初始应力状态影响的墙体极限侧向位移近似计算模型。分析表明：土体极限剪切变形、滑移区范围、初始应力状态是影响墙体极限位移的核心要素,其中极限剪切变形占据主导作用,是导致不同颗粒组成及密实程度土体进入极限状态所需墙体位移差异显著的主要原因,而主被动区范围不同和因静止土压力系数 1引起的初始剪切变形,则是被动状态墙体位移远大于主动的关键因素;算例中主动与被动状态下墙体位移与墙高之比分别介于0.5‰～13.2‰和?0.4%～?5.2%,且主动状态下细粒土墙体位移大于粗粒土,计算结果与工程经验及相关文献模型试验基本一致。 相似文献
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Analysis and Design of Retaining Wall having Reinforced Cohesive Frictional Backfill 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The case of a rigid wall with inclined back face retaining reinforced cohesive-frictional backfill subjected to uniformly
distributed surcharge load has been analyzed using limit equilibrium approach. The analysis considers the stability of an
element of the failure wedge, which is assumed to develop in the reinforced earth mass adjoining the back face of wall. The
non-dimensional charts have been developed for computing the lateral earth pressure on wall and the height of its point of
application above the base of wall. The theoretical findings have been verified by model tests on a rigid wall retaining a
dry cohesive-frictional soil reinforced by geogrid strips. Experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical
predictions. A design example has been included to illustrate the design procedure. 相似文献
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以某顶管工程为背景,采用朗肯被动土压力理论对后背土体的承载能力进行了分析;根据弹塑性模型建立起后背结构的三维有限元模型,对后背结构与土体在顶力作用下的变形与受力过程进行分析,并同朗肯理论结果进行比较;对影响后背结构的变形各因素进行了分析;对后背结构顶力合力点的变形进行了实测,并同理论预测结果进行了对比分析,初步探讨了形成差异的主要原因。 相似文献
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以墙后填土为无黏性土的刚性挡土墙为研究对象,考虑墙后土体的土拱效应,修改了Shubhra Geol 抛物线形土拱表达式,推导了对应不同内摩擦角和墙-土摩擦角的挡土墙平动模式下的主动土压力系数。基于水平微分单元法,得到考虑土拱效应的主动土压力分布、合力大小和合力作用点高度的理论表达式,并与现有经典理论解及前人理论研究成果和模型试验数据进行对比分析,结果表明,主动土压力与墙-土接触面摩擦角、土体内摩擦角、土体重度和挡墙高度相关,土压力分布为非线性,与其他结果比较吻合,从而验证了该研究成果的正确性。 相似文献
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To understand the serviceability aspects of seawalls, it is essential to study the permanent displacements of seawalls that occur during the earthquakes. Studies in the existing literature have concentrated on displacements of retaining walls with dry backfills; to the authors’ observation there is no specific analytical investigation devoted to the earthquake-induced displacements of retaining walls with submerged backfills. This paper focuses on sliding displacements of gravity type seawall retaining a submerged backfill under active earth pressure condition during the earthquakes. The threshold seismic acceleration coefficients required for initiation of sliding and the amount of sliding displacement due to seismic loading are calculated by adopting Newmark’s sliding block method. One of the prime features of the study is the estimation of seismic inertia forces in the submerged soil and wall applying the modified pseudo-dynamic method. The comparison of the results obtained using the proposed analytical formulation with the existing literature found to be in good agreement. A comprehensive parametric study has been conducted to understand the effects of different parameters such as seismic horizontal and vertical acceleration coefficients, soil and wall friction angles, width of the wall, wall inclination and excess pore water pressure ratio.
相似文献17.
均布荷载作用下挡土墙后粘性填土的土压力计算 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于极限分析下限定理,导出了均布荷载作用下倾斜坡面挡土墙后粘性填土的侧向土压力的解析解,并通过具体数值计算以图表的形式给出了填土摩擦角、无量纲粘结力cγz、无量纲荷载强度qγz及填土表面倾角α等参数不同组合情况下的综合主动和被动土压力系数值,可供工程实践直接采用。在此基础上,就各参数对综合主动和被动土压力系数的影响进行了有意义的探讨 相似文献
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Finite element simulations of two centrifuge tests on the same cantilever retaining wall model holding liquefiable backfill were conducted using the Biot formulation‐based program DIANA–SWANDYNE II. To demonstrate the effects due to different pore fluids in seismic centrifuge experiments, water was used as the pore fluid in one experiment whereas a substitute pore fluid was used in the second experiment. The cantilever wall model parameters were determined by comparing simulations with measurements from free‐vibration tests performed on the model wall without backfill. The initial stress conditions for dynamic analysis for the soil backfill were obtained by simulating static loads on the retaining wall from the soil backfill. Level‐ground centrifuge model results were used to select the parameters of the Pastor–Zienkiewicz mark III constitutive model used in the dynamic simulations of the soil. The effects due to different pore fluids were captured well by the simulations. The magnitudes of excess pore pressures in the soil, lateral thrust and its line of action on the wall, and wall bending strains, deflections, and accelerations were predicted well. Predictions of settlements and accelerations in the backfill were less satisfactory. Relatively high levels of Rayleigh damping were needed to be used in the retaining wall simulations in order to obtain numerically stable results, which is one of the shortcomings of the model. The procedure may be used for engineering purpose dealing with seismic analysis of flexible retaining walls where lateral pressures, bending strains and deflections in the wall are typically of importance. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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黏性土填料下考虑土拱效应的挡土墙被动土压力计算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解释挡土墙后填土被动土压力的非线性分布现象,在考虑土拱形状为圆弧,滑裂面采用朗肯滑裂面的基础上,给出考虑土拱效应的被动土压力系数Kawn,进而基于应力状态法及土楔形体静力平衡两种思想求解了竖向平均应力 公式,在该基础上,给出黏性土填料下的挡土墙被动土压力分布公式、合力公式及作用点高度计算公式。通过与试验与其他方法对比,文中提出的方法得到验证。最后,研究了黏性土填料下的挡土墙被动土压力变化规律,即考虑土拱效应求得的黏性土填料的被动土压力分布呈现上小下大的指数型分布。此外,随着δ/φ（δ为墙土摩擦角,φ为内摩擦角）的增大,土拱效应逐渐增强,土压力合力点逐渐降低。 相似文献
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为探究挡墙前存在斜坡临空面条件下土体破坏与侧土压力特征,采用强度折减法研究了不同临坡距与嵌入深度下的挡墙前侧有限斜坡土体的破坏特征,并用水平层分析法与静力平衡法,推导了一种考虑斜坡坡度、临坡距及临空斜坡内土体层间剪切力的被动土压力理论计算公式。通过与室内试验、数值模型及其他计算理论对比,建议方法同模型试验、数值解及其他理论计算结果基本吻合,证明了建议方法对计算有限斜坡条件下被动土压力的有效性,最后分析了斜坡坡度、临坡距对被动土压力与临空斜坡土层中层间剪力的影响。研究表明:平动模式下的有限斜坡土体破坏面主要沿墙底与斜坡坡脚附近破坏,这与半无限空间条件的破坏特征明显不同;斜坡条件下的被动土压力随深度呈指数增加规律,且随临坡距减小与坡度增大,被动土压力均出现了一定程度的减小,其中临坡距为0时,被动土压力相比半无限空间条件时降低幅度达到30% ~50%;平动模式下的临空斜坡土体中的层间剪切系数为0.07~0.1;当墙背光滑且临坡距足够大时,建议方法可简化为理想条件的朗肯被动土压力公式。 相似文献