共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 363 毫秒
1.
块状搬运复合体是深水地层的重要组成部分。块状搬运沉积对深水储层研究具有重要意义。以琼东南盆地中央峡谷区为例,利用高分辨率三维地震资料探讨了块状搬运复合体的识别特征及其在油气勘探中的意义。研究发现：块状搬运复合体的边界变化大,内部常见滑块、推覆体和杂乱反射;块状搬运复合体往往不是油气勘探的首先目标,但可形成潜在的深水地层圈闭,同时还可以作为盖层和烃源岩。 相似文献
2.
《地球科学进展》2020,(6)
全球普遍发育的块体搬运复合体是深水地层的重要组成单元,广泛分布在大陆边缘和陆相湖盆中。系统认识块体搬运复合体有助于拓展深水油气勘探领域和评价海底工程地质风险。典型的块体搬运复合体由头部拉张区、体部滑移区和趾部挤压区3个部分组成,三者在顺坡搬运过程中,存在由头部到趾部依次演变的关系。基于沉积物搬运过程和不同阶段流体性质,将块体搬运复合体分为滑动岩、滑塌岩和碎屑岩3类,分别对应搬运过程的弹性形变、弹性和塑性形变以及塑性形变阶段。块体搬运复合体在三维地震平面图通常可根据其沉积物的流动方向(顺坡方向)依次识别出头部陡崖、体部滑塌褶皱和趾部挤压脊等构造单元,剖面上以弱—中振幅反射和丘状—长条状外形为特征,具有不规则顶底界面。测井上块体搬运复合体具有顶底界面突变的曲线响应。露头上块体搬运复合体通常具有一种或多种沉积构造,比如块状构造、滑塌褶皱和泥质撕裂屑等。块体搬运复合体与浊积岩的主要区别在于块体搬运复合体整体以"冻结式"搬运沉积,具有"长条形—似扇形"的斜坡组合形态,垂向上沉积厚度大,无明显粒序分异特征,地层倾角常大于浊积岩沉积地层。 相似文献
3.
重力搬运沉积作用形成的岩性地层圈闭对深水油气勘探具有非常重要的作用.为弄清琼东南盆地华光凹陷重力搬运沉积特征, 基于近年新采集的地震资料和经典层序地层模式, 开展了该区的深水沉积特征研究.南海西北部深水区重力搬运沉积特征发育, 主要包括中新统三亚组发育的复合水道、上新统变形滑坡体及第四系深水浊积水道.三亚组复合水道具有典型的强弱振幅相互叠置特征, 上新统变形滑坡体具有典型的下部变形、上部滑坡的双层结构, 第四系深水浊积水道具有典型的侧向迁移、分支水道等特征.这些沉积特征的形成与越南隆起的物源供给有关.复合水道充填可作为潜在的深水储层, 滑塌体的形成可能与天然气水合物的形成或解体有关. 相似文献
4.
尼日尔三角洲坡脚逆冲带沉积样式及构造控制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究尼日尔三角洲深水坡脚逆冲带沉积样式、构造对沉积的控制可以揭示深水沉积分布与演化特征.运用生长地层翼旋转机理和地震相分析技术对研究区的沉积类型、构造与沉积关系进行了分析.认为在深水陆坡重力滑动作用所形成的微盆地内, 层序边界表现为微盆地边缘上超不整合面或重力流对下伏地层的侵蚀不整合; 逆冲构造隆升速率与沉积速率共同控制了重力流可容空间和沉积充填样式; 沉积垂向演化以块状搬运复合体-浊积扇-深海披覆泥或浊积扇-深海披覆泥为特征.在充分考虑构造隆升和沉积速率影响因素的基础上, 建立了单一微盆地和多个微盆地的沉积演化模式. 相似文献
5.
尼日尔三角洲深水区层序地层及地震相研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
中新世至上新世,研究区发育深海平原和陆坡坡脚沉积。缺少反映海平面变化的上超特征和削截现象,很难利用地震反射终止类型（上超、顶超、削截）进行层序界面识别。文中利用深水区沉积旋回的地震相特征差异进行层序界面识别,并建立了研究区层序演化模式:低位体系域发育重力流沉积（块状搬运复合体、浊积扇）———海侵高位体系域深海泥质发育。以层序为格架进行地震相和沉积相在时间和空间分布特征分析。研究区识别出两类叠加地 震相样式:杂乱反射块状搬运复合体———丘形水道—堤岸复合体（浊积扇）———平行反射深海泥质沉积;丘形水道—堤岸复合体（浊积扇）———平行反射深海泥质沉积。 相似文献
6.
《地质科技情报》2017,(5)
深水沉积砂岩储层是近年来全球油气勘探重点领域之一,对于深水沉积模式认识、沉积类型划分、储层分布规律及宏观演化规律能否实现系统深入的认知也成为制约全球油气勘探获得更多突破的关键问题之一。以典型深水沉积广泛发育的西非被动大陆边缘尼日尔三角洲盆地和刚果扇盆地为研究区,以地震资料为主,钻井资料为辅,开展针对性的深水沉积体系层序界面识别,明确研究区层序及体系域划分方案,建立深水沉积层序地层格架;综合2个研究区的深水沉积特征,探索建立了一套西非地区的深水沉积类型的划分方案,将其划分为陆坡峡谷、块体流、水道体、朵叶体、半深海泥5种亚相;将块体流细化为滑移体和滑塌碎屑流2种微相,将水道体进一步划分为高侵蚀充填型水道、低侵蚀过路加积型水道、过路高弯度水道、废弃水道、堤岸-漫溢5种微相,将朵叶体细分为末端朵叶和决口扇朵叶2种微相;同时系统总结解剖了各微相的岩性组合、地震反射及平面发育特征;深入分析了研究区深水沉积体系的宏观演化特征及展布规律,认识到尼日尔三角洲盆地深水沉积体系中水道体和朵叶体均有发育,自下向上,随着相对海平面先下降再上升的过程,早期主要发育朵叶体沉积,晚期则转变为以发育大型浊积水道为主。刚果扇盆地深水沉积则主要为水道体沉积,朵叶体较少发育,早期水道规模小,中期开始发育多支复合水道并呈退积趋势,水道发育程度逐渐降低,至晚期水道能量及侵蚀能力复又转强,甚至形成较大的陆坡峡谷及多支水道体。 相似文献
7.
8.
为降低深水勘探风险,准确识别白云深水区岩性圈闭边界,采用多种技术手段相结合的方法,对深水沉积岩性圈闭的边界进行研究。在层序地层格架、沉积体系控制下,锁定岩性圈闭形成的有利区带;建立深水重力流沉积储层岩相组合正演模型;利用地震波形分析技术,识别储层与非储层,精细刻画水道沉积充填特征、扇体内部结构、砂体堆砌方式等微观结构;结合储层反演,以及多种地震属性,进一步综合识别岩性圈闭边界。研究成果总结了白云深水陆坡重力流水道砂岩,斜坡扇、盆底扇砂岩岩性圈闭的边界识别特征,并应用到勘探实践中,取得了良好的勘探成果。 相似文献
9.
层序地层学方法标志着沉积地质学最新的一次革命,作为多学科的方法融合,它把自源作用（来自沉积体系内部）和异源作用（来自沉积体系外部）分析,形成了统一模式来解释沉积盆地的演化和地层结构,并在油气勘探中得到广泛应用,这对于减少储层预测风险尤其有效。深水湖盆沉积砂体主要有三角洲前缘向深水斜坡的进积砂体、重力流砂体包括浊积水道砂体、浊积扇砂体和碎屑流砂体。非水道化的浊积砂体分布与盆地坡度、体系域演化密切相关,高坡度地区发育三角洲前缘向深水斜坡的滑塌浊积砂体,其他地区在湖侵早期和湖退晚期发育非水道化的湖底扇浊积砂体。层序体系域结构的重建和沉积机理的分析大大提高了沉积砂体的预测精度,减少储层预测风险。这些沉积砂体孔隙度低,渗透率也低,薄片观察发现极细砂为主。分选性中等,磨圆度次棱角状。碎屑成分主要为石英和石英岩岩屑,少许长石,另见方解石碎屑。胶结物主要为方解石。他们属于低孔低渗储集层,可以成为裂缝性油气藏和非常规油气资源的勘探目标。 相似文献
10.
利用多个地震数据体的地震反射特征,分析了孟加拉湾若开盆地深水沉积体系的不同沉积结构单元类型(峡谷、水道及水道复合体、天然堤—漫溢沉积、朵体以及块体搬运沉积)的典型地震响应特征、及其发育的位置,构建了研究区陆架—陆坡—盆底的沉积结构单元演化模式。研究表明,一个深水沉积体系垂向上自下而上的组合样式为:底部块体搬运沉积及厚层大规模朵体沉积,上覆水道复合体沉积,之后为水道—天然堤复合体沉积、以及一些小规模朵体沉积,顶部为薄层深海泥岩沉积。横向上自陆架向深海盆地的发育模式表现为:陆架/上陆坡峡谷—上陆坡侵蚀型水道—下陆坡侵蚀沉积型水道—沉积型水道—盆地朵体。 相似文献
11.
Lei Qin Jinxin Mao Fengling Ni Shaohua Xu Xiaogang Li Change Cai Wenliang Shang Jiakai Liu 《地球科学进展》1986,35(6):632-642
Mass-Transport Complexes (MTCs) are important components of deep-water systems, and widely distributed in continental margins and lake basins. Understanding MTCs is helpful for expanding the targets of deep-water hydrocarbon exploration and for evaluating geological risks of subsea engineering. Typical MTCs consist of three parts: the head tension area, body slip area, and toe compression area. During the transportation of MTCs, these three domains come into being successively. MTCs can be classified into three types: slide rock, slump rock, and debris rock, based on the sediment transport process and fluid properties, and they respectively correspond to elastic deformation, elastic and plastic deformation and plastic deformation stages. In 3D seismic plan, according to the direction of sediment flow (the slope direction), some depositional elements of MTCs, such as head cliffs, body folds, and toe squeeze ridges, can be clearly identified in proper order, and in seismic profiles MTCs are characterized by weak-medium amplitude reflections, mound-like shapes, and irregular top/bottom interfaces. In conventional log data, MTCs are commonly responded as abrupt shifts at their top/bottom interfaces. In outcrop data, MTCs have several kinds of sedimentary structures, such as massive textures, sliding folds, and mud lumps. Compared with turbidites, MTCs have many distinct characteristics. For example, MTCs are deposited from sediments transported through a "frozen" manner and have an "elongate-fan-like" slope morphology, a relative large thickness. Furthermore, MTCs can be characterized by no obvious features of grading differentiation and relatively large stratigraphic dips. 相似文献
12.
【研究目的】碎屑流是深水环境沉积物搬运和分散的重要机制,其相关的砂岩储层是含油气盆地重要的勘探目标,然而,与经典浊流及浊积系统相比,对碎屑流主控型深水体系的发育规律目前仍知之甚少。【研究方法】本文基于岩心、测井及全三维地震资料,通过系统的岩心观察描述、测井及地震资料解释,对渤海湾盆地东营凹陷始新统沙三中亚段深水体系沉积过程及模式开展研究。【研究结果】结果表明,沙三中深水体系发育九种异地搬运岩相,可概括为四大成因类型,反映了块体及流体两种搬运过程。岩相定量统计表明,该深水体系主要由碎屑流沉积构成,浊流沉积很少,碎屑流中又以砂质碎屑流为主。重力流在搬运过程中经历了滑动、滑塌、砂质碎屑流、泥质碎屑流及浊流等5个阶段演变,发育5类主要的深水沉积单元,包括滑动体、滑塌体、碎屑流水道、碎屑流朵体及浊积薄层砂。从发育规模及储层物性上,砂质碎屑流水道、朵体及砂质滑动体构成了本区最重要的深水储层类型。【结论】认为沙三中时期充足的物源供给、三角洲前缘高沉积速率、断陷期频繁的断层活动以及较短的搬运距离是碎屑流主控型深水体系形成及演化的主控因素,最终基于沉积过程、沉积样式及盆地地貌特征综合建立了碎屑流主控型深水体系沉积模式。本研究将进一步丰富深水沉积理论,为陆相深水储层预测提供借鉴。 相似文献
13.
利用地震、测井、岩心资料,根据沉积构造、岩性剖面结构、砂体厚度确定了泌阳凹陷毕店地区古近系核桃园组三段沉积相类型;借助新的地震反演方法追踪三维数据体中的薄储层,在解释追踪基础上,得到核三段等时单砂层(或小层)厚度变化图,并编制了沉积相分布图。结果表明这里以广泛发育的浊积扇、滑塌扇等浊流沉积为特色,呈现出"南北部浊积扇夹中部深湖相"的沉积格局;早期富浊积砂、晚期富深水泥的沉积演化反映了湖平面的上升过程。基于有利的沉积相带,预测并评价了隐蔽圈闭,为油气勘探提供了依据。 相似文献
14.
15.
《Sedimentology》2018,65(4):1246-1276
Submarine mass‐transport deposits represent important stratigraphic heterogeneities within slope and basinal sedimentary successions. A poor understanding of how their distribution and internal architecture affect the fluid flow migration pathway may lead to unexpected compartmentalization issues in reservoir analysis. Studies of modern carbonate mass‐transport deposits mainly focus on large seismic‐scale slope failures; however, the near‐platform basinal depositional environment often hosts mass‐transport deposits of various dimensions. The small‐scale and meso‐scale (metres to several tens of metres) carbonate mass‐transport deposits play a considerable role in distribution of sediment and therefore have an impact on the heterogeneity of the succession. In order to further constrain the geometry and internal architecture of mass‐transport deposits developed in near‐slope basinal carbonates, a structural and sedimentological analysis of sub‐seismic‐scale mass‐transport deposits has been undertaken on the eastern margin of the Apulian carbonate platform in the Gargano Promontory, south‐east Italy. These mass‐transport deposits, that locally comprise a large proportion (50 to 60%) of the base of slope to basinal sediments of the Cretaceous Maiolica Formation, typically display a vertically bipartite character, including debrites and slump deposits of varying volume ratios. A range of brittle and ductile deformation styles developed within distinct bed packages, together with the presence of both chert clasts, folded chert layers and spherical chert nodules, suggest that sediments were at different stages of lithification prior to downslope movement associated with mass‐transport deposits. This study helps elucidate the emplacement processes, frequency and character of subseismic‐scale mass‐transport deposits within the basinal carbonate environment, and thereby reduces the uncertainties in the characterization of subsurface carbonate geofluid reservoirs. 相似文献
16.
深水重力流作为一种重要的、特殊类型的沉积体系,自发现以来就得到了学术界的广泛关注,并在油气勘探中日益受到重视。东营凹陷古近系沙三中段发育深水重力流体系,综合地震、岩心、测录井等资料,对郝家油田史112区块深水重力流体系的沉积类型、特征及在不同层序中的发育演化进行了精细刻画,总结了该区重力流沉积模式,为开发区储层预测提供重要参考。研究表明,本区深水重力流体系发育于三级层序的高位域,从下至上可划分出4个四级层序(SQQ1-4),主要发育滑塌沉积、碎屑流沉积和浊流沉积3种成因类型,可识别出12种岩相组合。四级层序$\mathrm{SQQ}_{3}^{2}$时期重力流规模较小,$\mathrm{SQQ}_{3}^{3}$时期随着东营三角洲向湖盆中心推进,重力流规模扩大。滑塌沉积主要发育在三角洲前缘或前三角洲斜坡根部,在滑塌沉积前方形成碎屑流沉积,碎屑流向前搬运的过程中,逐渐转化成浊流沉积。三角洲前缘及前三角洲的浊流和碎屑流是开发井区进一步寻找储层的有利部位。 相似文献
17.
As the largest siliciclastic sink in the South China block, the Triassic Nanpanjiang basin is generally thought of as a foreland basin related to Indosinian collision between the South China and Indochina blocks. Our basin analysis, spanning an eight years period, provides details of Lopingian to Middle Triassic stratigraphic fill and tectonic subsidence of the basin. Field observation and sedimentological analyses reveal that the basin was not filled by a monotonous turbidite system and suggest instead the development of five primary depositional units constituted by deep-water turbidite systems, mass-transport deposits, condensed drapes, shallow-water isolated carbonate platforms, and volcano-volcaniclastic rocks. The stratigraphic completeness of the basin, the coexistence of widespread but localized carbonate platforms within axially filled deep-water basin, tectonically generated cyclothems of transverse mass-transport deposits along intrabasinal faults and basin fill of extrusive rocks of bimodal composition together apparently call in question the claim that crustal shortening prevailed during the Late Permian to pre-Norian Triassic. Patterns of basin fill, differential tectonic subsidence and very high subsidence rate of the region adjacent to master fault are more closely match the pattern expected for extensional to transtensional basin in a back-arc setting. The crustal extension in the southwestern South China was not consistent with hypothesized Indosinian collision between South China and Indochina blocks, but more likely developed in response to northwestward subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate. Our results, combined with regional considerations, lead to a new model for the Triassic tectonic evolution of South China during Triassic assembly of the southeastern and eastern Asia. 相似文献