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1.
西北太平洋富钴结壳的钙质超微化石地层学研究及意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对采自西北太平洋某海山的CHA56富钴结壳样品进行了钙质超微化石及生物地层学的研究与分析,并对其所折射的时代意义进行了探讨.该结壳从构造上分为3层:致密型上层、疏松型中层和致密型下层.在研究中对各构造层和各分层有颜色或细微构造变化的层位都进行了取样分析.在识别化石的基础上,确定了该结壳的疏松型中层为晚中新世到晚上新世(0.5～11.9 Ma)沉积;致密型下层为晚古新世到晚渐新世(56.3～23.2Ma)沉积.研究发现,在致密型下层和疏松型中层之间存在沉积间断.研究认为,新生代渐新世/中新世(O/M)时太平洋深水海洋环境的变化,可能是导致西北太平洋海山上3层构造结壳下、中层间显微构造、色泽和成分发生变化和沉积间断产生的主要原因,下、中层间的界面成为结壳生长过程中一个特定的时间标识. 相似文献
2.
正确判断富钴结壳生长年代及过程有助于研究结壳形成地质历史和重建古海洋环境.利用生物地层学方法(生物遗留印痕)对太平洋不同海山结壳样品进行生长时代和阶段研究,发现麦哲伦海山CM3D06结壳和中太平洋海山CB14结壳最初形成年代和富集特征差异显著: 前者为白垩纪(或更古老)、晚古新世-早始新世、中-晚始新世、中-晚中新世、上新世-更新世等5个阶段;后者为晚古新世-早始新世、中-晚始新世、中中新世、上新世-更新世等4个阶段.两座海山结壳层内部超微化石组合具有极强的区域性特征,反映了大洋环境对生物的影响以及生物对环境的适应.结壳层间的不整合和结构构造的变化指示在渐新世其生长存在间断期,与成矿作用的间断有关. 相似文献
3.
研究了菲律宾海盆东北部“大洋钻探工程”１２５航次７８２Ａ孔晚始新世以来的放射虫化石。根据Ｓａｎｆｉｌｉｐｐｏ等１９８５年的分带,将研究区自下而上划分为１０个带。讨论了始新世与渐新世、渐新世与中新世、中中新世与晚中新世、中新世与上新世以及上新世与第四纪的界线。研究区存在两个沉积间断,分别位于晚渐新世与早中新世晚期之间和中中新世与晚中新世之间。研究区第四纪放射虫化石仍以暖水分子为主,冷水分子分布较浅。依据放射虫化石分异度曲线得出,晚第三纪以来本区存在５个相对暖水期和５个相对较凉期,渐新世时处于冷水期,这与钙质超微化石复合分异度和碳酸钙含量曲线的变化是一致的。晚渐新世与早中新世晚期之间的沉积间断是由于中新世南极冰盖扩展造成大洋底层洋流活动加剧而形成的。 相似文献
4.
本文研究了菲律宾海东、北部“大洋钻探工程”125航次782A相786A二个钻孔晚第三纪的钙质超微化石。根据Okada和Bukry分带。本区自下而上划分为13个带(或亚带)。讨论了渐新世和中新世、中新世和上新世及第三纪和第四纪的界线。本区存在3个沉积间断:晚渐新世与中中新世之间:中中新世与晚中新世之间以及晚中新世与早上新世之间。修正了Cyclicargolithus
abiseclus的时限分布,提出了 Cycliargolithus floridanus floridanus和cychcargoluhas
flondanus abisectus是Cyclicargolithus floridanus的2个生态亚种。 相似文献
5.
甘肃省境内新生代沉积中富含动物化石,以早渐新世晚期、晚渐新世、早中新世早期、中中新世晚期、晚中新世、早更新世和晚更新世的哺乳动物化石最为丰富.新生代青藏高原形成、快速隆升,改变了东亚的大气环流和中国的地理格局,使甘肃的气候和地理面貌发生了巨变.甘肃省境内的哺乳动物群在这些变化背景下发生了一次次的更替.本文通过对不同时代... 相似文献
6.
文中初步探讨了太平洋海山富钴结壳成矿系统的结构与成矿作用过程。海山成矿系统的控矿要素主要包括地质要素和海洋要素,地质要素主要包括海山的形成、迁移、沉降和水道的开合等,海洋要素主要包括大洋温盐环流、最低含氧带(OMZ)、文石溶跃面、碳酸盐补偿深度和海山周围海水的动力情况等。重点分析了海山漂移和沉降、水道开合、最低含氧带变化、大洋环流以及气候变化等要素对富钴结壳成矿的控制作用。海山为富钴结壳成矿提供了一个容矿空间,稳定的基岩,即长期稳定的容矿空间,是富钴结壳成矿的基本条件;海山的形成年龄、海山的迁移和水道的开合决定并改变了富钴结壳的成矿背景条件,促使海山成矿系统发生演化。最低含氧带作为富钴结壳成矿的地球化学障,是直接的矿源层;而海山周边的地形旋涡沟通了最低含氧带与富氧、富铁的深层和底层水,使得最低含氧带中的成矿金属离子得到氧化,进而发生胶体凝聚沉淀,形成富钴结壳。以西太平洋海山成矿系统为例,将该区白垩纪以来富钴结壳成矿作用过程划分为5个阶段:(1)白垩纪—始新世,(2)始新世末—晚渐新世,(3)晚渐新世—中中新世早期,(4)中中新世早期—晚中新世早期,(5)晚中新世早期—现代,其中(2)、(3)阶段有利于发育富钴结壳。 相似文献
7.
临夏盆地的晚新生代沉积中富含哺乳动物化石,以晚渐新世巨犀动物群、中中新世铲齿象动物群、晚中新世三趾马动物群和早更新世真马动物群的化石最为丰富。晚新生代是青藏高原快速隆升的时期,临夏盆地的4个主要哺乳动物群在构造剧烈变化的背景下发生了显著的更替。通过对不同动物群所代表的生态特征的分析,恢复了临夏盆地晚新生代以来的气候环境演变过程:晚渐新世以温暖湿润的森林环境为主,间杂有一些开阔地带;中中新世的森林更加茂密,水体更加丰富;晚中新世演变为炎热半干旱的稀树草原环境,季节性变化加强;早更新世气候寒冷而干燥,并伴有显著的海拔升高。青藏高原在晚渐新世的隆升幅度还不足以阻挡大型哺乳动物在高原南北的交流,但到中中新世已成为明显的障碍,至晚中新世对动物迁徙的阻碍作用更加突出,而临夏盆地在早更新世已经达到相当大的高度,产生了一个高原或高山的动物群 相似文献
8.
2007年我国首次在南海北部陆坡神狐海域实施了天然气水合物钻探, 并钻取水合物实物样品.为了解钻区地层、水合物产出带(the zone of gas hydrate occurrence)或水合物储层的地层时代以及沉积速率特征, 对其中4口钻孔(SH1B、SH2B、SH5C和SH7B)岩心沉积物进行钙质超微化石年代地层学和沉积速率变化的研究.本次工作识别出17个新近纪钙质超微化石事件, 确定了神狐钻探所钻达最老地层为新近系上中新统; 水合物产出带的地层为上中新统-上新统.这4个钻井地层沉积速率的变化特征因站位和时期而异.中新世以来各地质时期沉积速率差异较大, 全新世最高(20~34.16 cm/ka之间), 其次为更新世和晚中新世(3.14~5.74 cm/ka), 上新世最低(1.88~3.27 cm/ka).此外, 水合物产出带地层的沉积速率在各钻孔也有差异, SH2B孔为4.18 cm/ka, SH7B孔为1.88 m/ka.表明南海水合物产出层位沉积速率差异较大, 沉积速率与水合物成藏的关系可能比前期的认识更为复杂. 相似文献
9.
广东省雷州半岛新生代钻孔ZKA01揭露的地层序列自下向上为渐新统涠洲组、中新统下洋组、角尾组、灯楼角组、上新统望楼港组、下更新统湛江组和中更新统北海组,涠洲组—望楼港组为滨浅海沉积,湛江组和北海组为陆相河湖相沉积。本文在ZKA01钻孔地层中自下向上88个层位中获取的29311粒孢粉化石的81个属中,选取了常见的种子植物花粉种属42个,通过共存因子分析法,定量重建了研究区晚渐新世—早更新世的古气候参数,划分出晚渐新世—早中新世(25~17 Ma)、中中新世(17~13.5 Ma)、晚中新世—上新世初期(13.5~4 Ma)和上新世—早更新世(4~1.5 Ma)4个气候演化阶段。孢粉共存因子定量法重建的研究区晚渐新世—早更新世4个阶段的古气候变化过程能较好地与全球气候变化的趋势相匹配,晚渐新世—早中新世温度降低的时间拐点大致可与Mi1a气候变冷事件相吻合。中中新世可以与中中新世气候适宜期(MMCO)相对应,表现为炎热潮湿的气候特征。中中新世晚期的气温是下降的,在一定程度上响应了Mi3中中新世气候变冷事件。 相似文献
10.
《地层学杂志》2016,(1)
对南海北部琼东南盆地BD19-2-2井中新世地层中的钙质超微进行了定量和半定量分析,发现井段上部1800~2550m地层化石较丰富,而下部2574~3100m化石丰度及分异度明显降低;根据钙质超微化石标志种的存在,对该井的生物地层进行了划分,在1800~3100m井段地层中识别出9个钙质超微化石带或联合化石带,地层时代为早中新世至晚中新世,同时探讨了钙质超微划分下中新统-中中新统、中中新统-上中新统界线的化石标志。依据钙质超微化石总丰度、分异度及特征性环境指示种丰度的逐渐变化,确认BD19-2-2井从早中新世至晚中新世经历了4个沉积环境演化阶段,海水深度由浅变深,海水变暖。 相似文献
11.
Su Xin Wu Fadong Center of Marine Geosciences China University of Geosciences Beijing China Zhou Pin Liu Jinshui Shanghai Offshore Petroleum Planning Designing Institute Shanghai China 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(3)
In the past15 years,the Cenozoic calcareous nannofossilsin the East China Sea were biostratigraphically studied duringthe extensive offshore petroleum exploration in a number ofbasins on the shelf of the East China Sea.A number of Pale-ocene to Quaternary nannofossil zones were recognized basedon the nannofossils from m any offshore wells (SBMGS,1989,1985 ) .These previous studies indicated a lot of biostratigraphicproblems,resulting in difficulties in the understanding of afurther detail… 相似文献
12.
Based on the analysis of planktonic and benthic foraminiferal assemblages, geological dating of the major elements of the section (layers) in the Co-rich manganese crust of the Magellan seamounts has been accomplished. The ore crust layers were formed at the following age intervals: layer I-1 in the Late Paleocene-Early Eocene, layer I-2 in the Middle-first half of Late Eocene, layer II in the Middle-Late Miocene, and layer III in the Pleistocene. Relict layers of the older crust, which underlies the main section in some places, are dated at the Campanian-Maestrichtian and Late Paleocene(?). Data on foraminifers generally fit the results obtained previously based on the analysis of nannoplankton assemblages. Insignificant discrepancies in the datings require further refinement and explanation. Biostratigraphic investigations of the sedimentary cover made it possible to identify the Aptian-Turonian, Campanian-Maestrichtian, Late Paleocene-Eocene, and Miocene rock associations and the unlithified Pliocene-Quaternary sediments. Comparison of the structure and composition of ore crust layers with the coeval rocks of the sedimentary cover revealed that layers I-1 and I-2 were deposited at depths corresponding to the shelf-upper bathyal zone (shallower than 600 m). Relict layers could be formed at even shallower depths up to the photic zone. The upper layers II and III were formed under nearly present-day conditions. 相似文献
13.
Twelve calcareous nannofossil biozones of Late Oligocene-Late Miocene in Northern Egypt were defined and correlated with their corresponding biozones in Egypt and other parts of the world. These are arranged from the top to base as Zone NN12, Zone NN11, Zone NN10, Zone NN8, Zone NN7, Zone NN6 Zone NN5, NN4, Zone NN3, Zone NN2 Zone NP25 and Zone NP24. In the present study (Boughaz-1 Well), the Late Miocene unconformably overlies the Middle Miocene. This unconformity surface is recognized by the missing of calcareous nannofossil zones NN7 to NN9. While, in North Sinai (Malha-1 Well), the Early/Middle Miocene boundary cannot be recognized, where the Middle Miocene unconformably overlies the topmost Oligocene, and it is defined by the missing calcareous nannofossil zones NN1 to NN4. 相似文献
14.
阿尔金山脉新生代剥露历史——前陆盆地沉积记录 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
新疆且末县江尕勒萨依盆地位于阿尔金山脉的北西山前,其内连续沉积了中生代一新生代地层。盆地内古新统一始新统为河流相沉积;渐新统至中新统为山麓河流相灰色砾岩和棕色砂岩;上新统为山麓洪积相砾岩夹泥岩;下更新统全为砾岩层。岩性组合特征及其砂岩碎屑、砾石组分变化规律,反映出阿尔金山脉的新生代剥蚀历史：古近纪早、中期,阿尔金山脉的地形高差小,古生界双峰式火山岩首先被剥蚀;至渐新世末一中新世早期,山脉高差加大,基底元古宇开始出露地表被剥蚀;中新世末期,山脉高差进一步加大,剥蚀速率加快;至第四纪早期西域砾岩开始沉积时,地形高差加剧,中、古元古界开始暴露被剥蚀。区域资料分析表明,阿尔金山脉在新生代具有多期次阶段性隆升的特征,存在3期次快速隆升事件：渐新世末一中新世早期、中新世晚期(大约8Ma)和第四纪早期。 相似文献
15.
SuXin 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2004,15(1):69-74
In order to determine the age of the sedimentary hiatus and its geological significance, a study of the calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy was carried out. Detailed strutigraphical data of the Late Oligocene-Eariy Miocene diagnostic species thus obtained. The nannofossil zonation of this interval was subdivided and the Oligocene-Miocene boundary was further determined. Several last Late Oligocene events were recognized, indicating a long-term sedimentary hiatus in the uppermost Upper Oligocene.The time span of the hiatus was estimated for about 2.2 Ma, at least from 23. 9 to 26. 1 Ma. The lithological and geophysical data from Site 1148 indicate some abrupt sedimentary changes that occurred below and above the hiatus. This hiatus at Site 1148 was probably related to the tectonic change, a major ridg ejmnp during the seafloor spreading in the Late Oligocene South China Sea. 相似文献
16.
伦坡拉盆地西部丁青湖组新发现凝灰岩锆石U- Pb年龄及其地层学意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
伦坡拉盆地丁青湖组沉积时代的确定对于研究青藏高原中部的古高度和古气候具有重要的地质意义,但由于没有精确的年龄数据,其顶部是否跨入了新近系,一直以来都存在争论。作者在伦坡拉盆地西部鄂加卒地区开展野外调查过程中,在该剖面中部和上部新发现两套凝灰岩夹层,对凝灰岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得了两件凝灰岩样品的形成年龄分别为24.05±0.24Ma(MSWD=1.07,n=24)和22.64±0.33Ma(MSWD=0.45,n=17),时代分别为晚渐新世和早中新世。根据凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄和前人研究成果,将鄂加卒剖面的细碎屑岩地层重新厘定为丁青湖组,并将丁青湖组的沉积时代定为渐新世-中中新世。根据丁青湖组地层厚度及沉积速率估算,该组沉积持续时间在21～23Ma之间,其顶部地层的年龄在11～13Ma左右。由此可见,伦坡拉盆地接受连续沉积一直持续到了中中新世,这比过去普遍认识的晚始新世-渐新世时期青藏高原中部的古高度和古气候变化时间更晚。前人在该地区发现的近无角犀化石、攀鲈鱼化石、棕榈科叶片化石以及孢粉化石等研究结果共同证实,青藏高原中部渐新世晚期的古海拔高度低于～2500～3000 m。因此,该区晚渐新世-早中新世温暖潮湿的气候特征很可能是受到了印度洋气流穿透的影响,而且该影响可能一直持续到了中中新世,从而造就了该时期青藏高原生物的多样性。 相似文献
17.
《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1-3):83-100
The Magura Basin domain developed in its initial stage as a Jurassic-Early Cretaceous rifted passive margin that faced the eastern parts of the oceanic Alpine Tethys. In the pre- and syn-orogenic evolution of the Magura Basin the following prominent periods can be distinguished: Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous syn-rift opening of basins (1) followed by Early Cretaceous post-rift thermal subsidence (2), latest Cretaceous–Paleocene syn-collisional inversion (3), Late Paleocene to Middle Eocene flexural subsidence (4) and Late Eocene - Early Miocene synorogenic closing of the basin (5). The driving forces of tectonic subsidence of the basin were syn-rift and thermal post-rift processes, as well as tectonic loads related to the emplacement of accretionary wedge. This process was initiated at the end of the Paleocene at the Pieniny Klippen Belt (PKB)/Magura Basin boundary and was completed during Late Oligocene in the northern part of the Magura Basin. During Early Miocene the Magura Basin was finally folded, thrusted and uplifted as the Magura Nappe. 相似文献
18.
Taiwan is located in the axis of the Manila Trench. It results from an oblique collision between the northernmost part of the Luzon arc and the Chinese passive margin. This active collision follows the subduction of the Oligocene-Miocene oceanic crust of the South China Sea along the Manila Trench. The tectonized Chinese margin emerged in the Hengchun peninsula (South Taiwan). Gentle folds which are delineated by the Quaternary reefal limestones demonstrate Recent deformations. These folds deformed a thick detrital sequence of Miocene age (Ssuchung Chi series) which was previously strongly folded and thrust westward (axis NS-N20) upon the Renting mélange of Latest Miocene age. These main deformations, sealed by the Middle Pliocene, are the evidence for the onset of collision in this part of Taiwan at the end of the Miocene. Because of its obliquity, the collision started already in the northern part of Taiwan during the Late Miocene (6-7-8 Ma ?).The Ssuchung Chi series, a sequence of proximal turbidites, has contained, since the Middle Miocene (NN 6~13 Ma), fragments of an Oligocene to Lower Miocene oceanic crust. This ophiolitic material is very similar to the East Taiwan Ophiolite of the Coastal Range. It originated most probably from a slice of South China Sea crust obducted in Middle Miocene times (13–14 Ma) upon the Chinese margin (North of the Hengchun peninsula). This obduction occurred 7 to 8 Ma before the beginning of collision. These results make it possible to propose an evolutionary model for Taiwan from the Oligocene to the Recent, with the different phases of a collision between a volcanic arc and a passive margin. 相似文献