共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
采用新疆喀什噶尔河流域1990、2000和2010年的Landsat-TM影像数据和中巴资源卫星数据, 结合GIS技术, 分析了喀什噶尔河流域近20 a土地利用/覆被及景观格局动态变化特征, 并对其变化原因进行探讨. 结果显示: 在1990-2010年喀什噶尔河流域耕地、建设用地、盐碱地、水域湿地、裸土地和其他未利用地面积呈不断增加趋势, 变化幅度分别为73.92%、51.44%、24.27%、10.24%、6.47%和2.98%; 林地、草地和沙地面积减少, 变化幅度分别为-4.13%、-17.16%和-0.73%; 裸石岩砾面积近20 a基本维持不变. 利用转移矩阵可知, 流域新增耕地面积主要来自于16.46%的草地和3.36%的林地; 新增建设用地主要来自于1.46%的耕地和0.22%的草地; 新增水域湿地面积主要来自于0.18%的草地; 新增盐碱地面积主要来自于0.28%的草地. 1990-2010年的20 a里喀什噶尔河流域耕地和水域湿地分布趋于集中, 景观优势度增强, 且斑块之间的联系不断增强. 林地和草地面积减少, 景观趋于破碎化, 景观优势度降低. 喀什噶尔河流域土地利用类型及景观指数的变化受人口、经济、政策和技术的多重影响, 导致流域耕地面积增加、植被退化. 因此, 合理利用流域水土资源对流域生态环境安全十分重要. 相似文献
2.
基于大凌河流域2000、2010和2020年3期土地利用数据，采用土地利用动态度、土地利用程度、土地利用转移矩阵等方法分析过去20年来研究区土地利用变化规律，并基于元胞自动机-马尔可夫(CA-Markov)模型模拟预测研究区2030年土地利用格局.结果表明：2000—2020年大凌河流域土地利用以耕地和草地为主，二者占比超过80%.近20年间，研究区内林地、草地和建设用地面积不断增加，耕地面积持续减少，且减少的速度在加快，前后两个10年分别减少了132.85和1360.13 km2.2000—2020年间，土地综合利用动态度由43.53%降低为10.36%，处于降低趋势.建设用地动态度由0.11%增加至4.99%，湿地动态度由86.32%变为-7.22%，土地利用程度综合指数由262.53变为259.91，表明大凌河流域近20年土地处于衰退期.基于CA-Markov模型预测大凌河流域2030年土地利用格局，模拟精度Kappa系数为0.8835.预测结果表明，2030年，大凌河流域耕地面积将进一步减少1 699.92 km2，主要变为草地、建设用地和林地. 相似文献
3.
岩溶湖泊湿地流域作为景观格局变化的热点研究区域,探讨景观格局动态变化及预测趋势,为岩溶流域生态安全研究提供科学依据。应用遥感与地理信息系统技术,结合普者黑岩溶湖泊湿地流域实际情况,分别对该地区1990、1995、2000、2005、2010、2015 年6 期遥感影像进行分类、解译,系统地获取地区景观格局状况,分析动态变化特征,并运用CA-Markov 模型对未来湿地景观格局进行模拟预测。结果表明:1990?2015年普者黑岩溶湿地流域景观格局随时间变化显著,景观破碎化程度总体呈现增加趋势,斑块数（NP）从861增加到889,景观类型的优势斑块面积在逐渐增加,而多样性指数从1.064下降到0.966;2020?2030年普者黑岩溶湿地流域建筑用地、农地和湿地景观类型面积在增加,农地和林地在减少,其中,较为突出的是建筑用地占有率由2.79%上升到2.97%,农地占有率60.12%增加到60.74%,湿地占有率6.67%上升7.02%,而林地占有率由26.70%下降到26.40%。景观格局进行预测可以发现湿地面积、建筑用地面积和农地变化幅度最大,本文相关研究和预测结果可为普者黑流域生态保护提供一定的建议和参考。 相似文献
4.
依据景观生态学基本原理,应用spss软件、arcgis软件和景观格局分析软件Fragstates对陇县1989～2009年土地利用景观格局的变化和空间分布进行研究,并根据各景观类型的景观格局指数计算结果对该区土地利用景观格局进行分析评价。结果表明,陇县主要景观类型为林地、耕地和草地,林地和建设用地保持稳定而迅速增长,草地和未利用地呈现逐渐减少趋势;人类活动使水域、未利用地更为分散,建设用地、园地更为集中;景观多样性降低,破碎化程度减缓,斑块形状的复杂程度并未发生大幅度的变化,人类活动对景观格局的影响保持在一定范围内。 相似文献
5.
以滦河流域为研究区,利用1985和2000年土地利用数据,结合SWAT分布式水文模型定量评价了流域土地利用/覆被变化的水文效应,并分析了流域地表径流变化与主要景观类型的响应关系。结果表明:SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)模型可以较好地模拟滦河流域的月流量过程,在研究区具有较好的适用性;1985—2000年流域林地向草地和耕地的转变导致流域年均地表径流和总径流量分别增加了12.6%和5.1%;并使得流域年均地表径流变化空间差异显著,整体呈增加趋势,且主要受到林地变化的影响,而在三道河子以上集水区地表径流的变化则主要受到耕地景观的影响。合理规划土地利用格局,对于流域水资源可持续利用具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
以滦河流域为研究区,利用1985和2000年土地利用数据,结合SWAT分布式水文模型定量评价了流域土地利用/覆被变化的水文效应,并分析了流域地表径流变化与主要景观类型的响应关系。结果表明:SWAT（Soil and Water Assessment Tool）模型可以较好地模拟滦河流域的月流量过程,在研究区具有较好的适用性;1985—2000年流域林地向草地和耕地的转变导致流域年均地表径流和总径流量分别增加了12.6%和5.1%;并使得流域年均地表径流变化空间差异显著,整体呈增加趋势,且主要受到林地变化的影响,而在三道河子以上集水区地表径流的变化则主要受到耕地景观的影响。合理规划土地利用格局,对于流域水资源可持续利用具有重要意义。 相似文献
7.
《上海国土资源》2021,(3)
开展土地利用景观格局演变及其生态系统服务价值效应研究,可明晰区域生态环境功能状况并促进生态系统健康发展。基于土地利用遥感影像解译数据,分析浙江省1995～2015年土地景观格局演变及其生态系统服务价值效应,并探究景观格局指数与生态服务价值间的相关性。结果表明:(1)20年间浙江省土地景观变化剧烈,耕地和林地面积减少,城镇村用地、水域与草地面积增加。建设用地动态度增幅达8.21%,耕地和林地变化度为负。林地和耕地向建设用地单向转移量最大,其次是耕林地二者间的转化。(2)土地斑块分散、聚合和连通状况变化多样,景观格局时空演变复杂化。耕地和草地破碎度高,建设用地优势度上升,以林地和耕地为主导的景观格局逐渐向城市景观转变。(3)生态服务总价值呈先增后减趋势,共损失103.18亿元。空间上ESV极高值和高值区面积减小,中值与低值区逐渐蔓延,生境质量浙西南优于浙北与东南沿海区域。(4)生态服务总值与最大斑块数、结合度和聚合度呈强正相关,与斑块数、平均邻近距离和香农多样性呈强负相关。据此建议:未来土地规划应重视景观格局空间配置对生态服务功能的影响,增强生态系统对环境变化的适应力和稳定性,优化区域三生用地结构,以促进经济—社会—生态环境的协调发展。 相似文献
8.
利用大布苏地区1996年和2001年两个时相的TM遥感图像,获取不同时期的土地利用信息,分析了大布苏地区土地利用时空变化,借助FRAGSTATS软件进行了景观格局变化研究。研究结果表明,土地利用变化的总趋势是水域、荒草地减少,居民用地、耕地增加,土地利用综合程度指数降低;从景观尺度上看,斑块密度、多样性指数、优势度和均匀度指数减小,最大斑块指数、景观形状指数增加。 相似文献
9.
以黑河流域为研究区域,选择2000、2005、2010年的Landsat TM/ETM+影像、ASTER GDEM为数据基础,结合遥感技术、地理信息系统、数理统计和景观生态学方法,对黑河流域生态景观格局特征及十年变化进行分析。从生态景观格局变化来看,2000-2010年黑河流域生态系统景观格局空间分布得到整合,景观破碎化程度降低、景观格局走向完整,景观形状简单且变化较小。三个研究时期内,黑河流域上中游多林地、草地,下游多农田和城镇;流域大部分生态景观类型在斑块数、面积及空间格局上都发生了不同程度的变化,但林地始终是其景观基质,属于绝对优势景观;湿地景观类型在研究期的前五年整合强度较大;农田是唯一一个面积减少的景观类型,也是面积变化最大的景观类型,在这十年间农田转化为了林地、城镇、湿地和裸地,且对林地贡献率最高、城镇次之;城镇景观格局逐步趋于完整。 相似文献
10.
霍林河流域下游地区土地利用变化动态及趋势预测 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
霍林河流域下游地区为半农半牧区,土地利用的变化对该地区的生态环境会产生重大的影响。采用空间分析测算模型,揭示了1989～2001年期间该地区土地利用的空间变化特征以及土地利用类型三减（草地、水体、湿地）两增（耕地和未利用土地）的变化规律;并通过马尔可夫模型预测出未来24年内该区土地利用类型的演变趋势,得出水田、旱田、林地、城乡用地的继续增加是以草地、水域、湿地的减少为代价的结论,对生态环境的保护和土地资源的合理利用具有参考价值。 相似文献
11.
Effects of land use change on landscape pattern of the Manas River watershed in Xinjiang, China 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
Yixing Feng Geping Luo Lei Lu Decheng Zhou Qifei Han Wenqiang Xu Changyin Yin Lei Zhu Li Dai Yanzhong Li Chaofan Li 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(8):2067-2077
The mechanism of interaction between land use change and landscape pattern is pivotal in research concerning global environmental change. Quantitative evaluation of land use change that has resulted from excessive land development and its impact on landscape pattern are important for sustainable utilization of local land resources. The study area was the Manas River watershed, a typical watershed in an arid area. The present study evaluated the influence of long-term land use change on the landscape pattern; the findings are valuable for economic development and environmental protection. The processes for land use change and changes in landscape pattern were reconstructed and analyzed for data in topographic maps dated 1962 and in remote sensing images taken in 1976, 1989, 1999 and 2008 using mathematical models and landscape metrics. The results indicate significant changes in land use over the past 50 years, with increases in the areas of cultivated land and construction land, and a significant decrease in unused land and woodland areas; grassland and water resources first increased and then tended to decrease over this time. The comprehensive index of land use change is 0.55, indicating an unbalanced, one-way transition in the study area. Landscape fragmentation and diversity increased and landscape dominance decreased; in other words, differences between landscapes decreased. The changes resulted in a significant tendency toward diversity and fragmentation of the landscape. Therefore, large-scale intensive agricultural development can reduce the negative influence of land use change on the landscape pattern. 相似文献
12.
Dynamics of land use/cover changes and the analysis of landscape fragmentation in Dhaka Metropolitan, Bangladesh 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Rapid urban expansion due to large scale land use/cover change, particularly in developing countries becomes a matter of concern since urbanization drives environmental change at multiple scales. Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, has been experienced break-neck urban growth in the last few decades that resulted many adverse impacts on the environment. This paper was an attempt to document spatio-temporal pattern of land use/cover changes, and to quantify the landscape structures in Dhaka Metropolitan of Bangladesh. Using multi-temporal remotely sensed data with GIS, dynamics of land use/cover changes was evaluated and a transition matrix was computed to understand the rate and pattern of land use/cover change. Derived land use statistics subsequently integrated with landscape metrics to determine the impact of land use change on landscape fragmentation. Significant changes in land use/cover were noticed in Dhaka over the study period, 1975–2005. Rapid urbanization was manifested by a large reduction of agricultural land since urban built-up area increased from 5,500?ha in 1975 to 20,549?ha in 2005. At the same time, cultivated land decreased from 12,040 to 6,236?ha in the same period. Likewise, wetland and vegetation cover reduced to about 6,027 and 2,812?ha, respectively. Consequently, sharp changes in landscape pattern and composition were observed. The landscape became highly fragmented as a result of rapid increase in the built-up areas. The analysis revealed that mean patch size decreased while the number of patches increased. Landscape diversity declined, urban dominance amplified, and the overall landscape mosaics became more continuous, homogenous and clumped. In order to devise sustainable land use planning and to determine future landscape changes for sound resource management strategies, the present study is expected to have significant implications in rapidly urbanizing cities of the world in delivering baseline information about long term land use change and its impact on landscape structure. 相似文献
13.
松嫩流域湿地景观动态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以1975、2000、2007年遥感影像为数据源,应用RS与GIS技术,运用动态度模型景观梯度和景观格局指数,对松嫩流域湿地景观信息进行动态分析。结果表明:松嫩流域湿地总面积从25 574.94km2(1975年)减少到18 152.58km2(2000年)后增加到25 761.01km2(2007年),动态度由-1.21%增加到了5.99%。天然湿地景观梯度(DI)总体呈收缩的趋势,人工湿地反之,梯度最高值由37持续增加到了69,50DI≤70的高值分布区从无到有,在2007年共有高值区5处。湿地的香农多样性指数增加了0.210 3,景观多样性增加,斑块破碎程度加剧;香农均匀性指数增加了0.097 2,聚集度指数减少了8.005 1,湿地景观在空间配置上趋于零碎和分散,连接程度减少。人工湿地的斑块密度大幅增加,面积加权的平均斑块分形指数略大,具有较高的不规则程度。 相似文献
14.
黑河上游土地利用动态变化及影响因素的定量分析 总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5
由于特殊的自然地理属性和人类活动方式, 西北干旱区黑河上游的土地利用方式有别于中下游地区, 土地利用格局演变过程对全流域水资源和生态环境的影响巨大.以黑河上游为研究对象, 以1987年, 1999年和2010年的遥感影像为基础数据, 运用转移矩阵法和主成分分析等方法定量分析了林地、 草地、 耕地3种主要土地利用类型的动态变化过程, 揭示了其变化的动力机制.结果表明: 1)黑河上游土地利用变化阶段明显, 林地、 草地和耕地3种土地利用类型在1987-1999年和1999-2010年两个阶段转化显著, 林地持续减少, 草地先减少后增加, 耕地持续增加; 2)单一土地类型分布格局差异大, 林地呈东多西少, 北多南少的分布格局; 草地呈东多西少, 南多北少格局; 耕地集中分布于河谷和城镇居民点周围及山前地带; 3)人为因素是影响黑河上游土地利用动态变化的关键因素. 相似文献
15.
通过遥感影像解译获取伊通河流域1986、1996、2005和2017年土地利用数据,采用土地利用动态模型、土地利用度和生态系统服务价值等方法,研究伊通河流域土地利用变化特征及其生态响应。研究结果表明,耕地、城镇建筑用地和林地是伊通河流域主要的土地利用类型,1986—2017年间,研究区土地利用综合动态度降低,土地利用度上升,土地利用结构趋于稳定。在31年间,生态系统服务价值整体下降33.97%,林地、草地、湿地和水域面积的减小导致生态系统服务价值显著降低。 相似文献
16.
The aim of this study was to determine land use changes in Datong basin using multitemporal Landsat data for the period of
1977–2006. Four dates of Landsat images from 1977, 1990, 2000, and 2006 were selected to classify the study area. Based on
the supervised classification method of maximum likelihood algorithm, images were classified into six classes: water, urban,
forest, agriculture, wetland, and barren land. A multidate postclassification comparison change detection algorithm was used
to determine changes in land use in four intervals. It is found that (1) urban land area increased 213% due to urbanization
that resulted from rapid increase of urban population and high-speed economic development, (2) agriculture area increased
34.0% due to land reclamation that resulted from rapid increase of rural population and improvement of irrigation capacity,
(3) forest area decreased 20.9% due to deforestation for urban area and agricultural use, (4) barren land area decreased 78.2%
due to cultivation for agricultural use, and (5) water and wetland decreased 39.1 and 67.1%, respectively, due to exploitation
of surface water and decrease of recharge from groundwater to surface water that resulted from over exploitation of groundwater. 相似文献
17.
Jinling Zhao Wei Guo Wenjiang Huang Linsheng Huang Dongyan Zhang Hao Yang Lin Yuan 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(10):3945-3959
To facilitate urban planning and management in fast-growing metropolitan areas, it is highly necessary to detect the spatiotemporal changes of different land cover types. This study aimed at identifying Beijing’s land cover types and detecting the characteristics of their spatiotemporal changes using time series remote sensing and GIS techniques from 1978 to 2010. A total of 16 Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+ images were collected during the spring and late summer seasons. After preprocessing the dataset, artificial neural network was used to perform the land cover classification. Consequently, four maps were generated for 1978, 1992, 2000, and 2010, with six classes (agriculture, woodland, grassland, water, urban, and barren land) according to the level I classification scheme. Three transition matrices were constructed to represent all possible changes that occur in the landscape. The results showed that agriculture, barren land, and grassland had an increase in area, while urban, water, and woodland had a reduction within the study area. A total of 2,032.341 km2 agriculture was reduced and 2,359.146 km2 woodland was increased. In the three periods for 1978–1992, 1992–2000, 2000–2010, agriculture had the largest amount of transfer out primarily to urban class around central urban areas and woodland had the most transfer in mainly from barren land in mountainous areas. More importantly, the driving forces analysis including economic development, growth of population and construction areas, and institutional policies was conducted to find out the primary factors inducing the land cover change. 相似文献
18.
Study on Ecological Environment and Sustainable Land Use Based on Satellite Remote Sensing 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 GIS and RS techniques have been applied to interpret satellite data in 1992, 2000 and 2010. Further, the ecological environment factors of these three periods and the data for various types of land use have been obtained. LUDI in the Amur River Basin from 1992 to 2010 has been quantitatively analyzed by using the land use dynamic (LUDI) model and of land use transfer matrix model. The results indicated that from 1992 to 2010 the LUDI of land desertification is greatest, and is the most dramatic change. The comprehensive land use dynamic in the study area is 15.25, hence the land type is characterized by rapid change. In addition the area of woodland and farmland continues to increase, which has been mainly transformed from the mixture of forestland and grassland, marsh and wetland, this is an outcome of the production of shelter-forest plantation in North China, Northeast China and Northwest China. In the ten years period of the study, the area of desertified land has increased, changing mainly from a mixture of woodland and grassland. This study can rovide data for eco-geological environment management. 相似文献