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1.
贵州红枫湖沉积物有机质的酶及微生物降解 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
文章通过DNA、α-葡萄糖苷酶和硫酸盐还原菌等的变化,研究了贵州红枫湖沉积物中有机质的酶及微生物降解.有机质在微生物及其分泌的胞外酶的作用下被降解,在沉积物深度11cm以下被降解到相对较低的含量.DNA的分布表明表层9cm的沉积物深度内微生物的活动较为强烈,是微生物降解有机质的主要位置.α-葡萄糖苷酶在悬浮层含量最高,达0.75μmol/min*g干沉积物,提示有机质中的淀粉和糖原等物质在悬浮层降解较为激烈,被大量分解;随着沉积物深度的增加α-葡萄糖苷酶活性减弱,在有机质降解明显开始变缓的11cm沉积物中,α-葡萄糖苷酶活性已降低到0.17μmol/ming干沉积物.分子生物学的研究表明红枫湖沉积物表层7cm是硫酸盐还原菌的主要分布位置,结合有机质和SO2-4含量的研究结果,提示红枫湖沉积物中SO2-4不可能成为有机质氧化的主要电子受体,硫酸盐还原的限制因素也不是有机质供应. 相似文献
2.
长江口盐沼硫酸盐还原菌的分布特征与环境机制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选择长江口崇明东滩两类植被区（互花米草、土著植被）纵向剖面,根据不同高程部位柱样土壤和植被根际硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）与异养菌的数量,颗粒有机碳（POC）含量与δ13C值,孔隙水Cl-/SO2- ４摩尔比等,研究盐沼SRB的空间分布特征与机制。自高潮滩向光滩,柱样氧含量降低,SO2- ４含量增加,导致SRB含量增加,SRB在有机质矿化中的作用增强。高潮滩柱样不同深度层位的异养菌数量明显大于中潮滩和光滩柱样的相应层位,这与由陆向海柱样氧含量及POC含量降低有关。SRB对植被根际环境的变化较敏感,芦苇根际最有利于SRB生长,藨草根际次之;互花米草根际不利于SRB生长,根系分泌物可能对SRB有抑制作用。土壤有机质含量是导致不同纵向剖面相同高程部位柱样之间微生物数量差异的主要因素。同一纵向剖面不同高程部位柱样之间在土壤氧含量与SO2- ４含量方面的不同,导致这些柱样微生物数量存在差异。盐沼柱样孔隙水Cl-/SO2-４摩尔比总体偏低,多小于19.33,指示有非海源SO2- ４加入。非海源SO2-４的加入掩盖了硫酸盐还原作用对SO2-４的消耗,增加了利用孔隙水Cl-/SO2-４摩尔比定量研究盐沼硫酸盐还原作用强度的难度。柱样中SRB越多,Cl-/SO2-４摩尔比就越大,硫酸盐还原作用就越明显。 相似文献
3.
利用厌氧微生物分离技术,对深度为1.2 m 的海南红树林湿地沉积物钻孔样品进行了分离培养,共获得11 株
厌氧sulfate-reducing bacteria（SRB） 菌株。经显微观察和16S rDNA序列分析,可归纳为6个属,其中已经报道有芽孢杆菌
属（Bacillus）、弧菌属（Vibrio） 和梭状芽胞杆菌属（Clostridium）,另外3个属分别为伯克霍尔德菌属（Burkholderia）、希瓦氏菌属（Shewanella） 和海杆菌属（Marinobacterium）。不同属的细菌对硫酸盐还原的速率最低为14.71%,最高可达
56.78%,并且以上6属11株菌都能将+6价的硫还原生成-2价硫,并与培养基中的Fe2+结合生成黑色FeS沉淀,而这些无定
形FeS沉淀是生成黄铁矿的前体。红树林湿地SRB种群数量随沉积物深度的增加而降低,结合沉积物的地球化学分析测试
结果表明,表层（0 cm） 水界面的沉积物由于处于氧化-还原界面,氧气的周期性输入在一定程度上抑制了SRB的生长;随着
深度增加（10~40 cm）,充足的有机质、偏中性的pH值以及厌氧环境的增强,使得SRB种类和数量明显增加;而60 cm以下
沉积物中因TOC含量降低,减少了微生物可利用的碳源,pH值明显降低,Na+和Ca2+离子浓度明显增加,这些因素都抑制了
SRB的生长,使得深部沉积物中SRB的种类和数量显著减少。 相似文献
4.
X. Han T.-X. Zhou S.-W. Xu Y. Li Y.-F. Wang Y. Liu 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2017,14(10):2173-2180
Biological treatment of industrial wastewater containing heavy metal and organic pollutant has attracted extensive attention. In this study, Cr(VI) reduction coupled with phenol degradation was investigated by the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) sludge with addition of zero-valent iron (ZVI). The results showed that the SRB wet sludge (SWS) had a good bioactivity in the reduction of Cr(VI) only when the initial concentration of Cr(VI) was below 60 mg L?1. The addition of ZVI significantly enhanced the bioactivity and reusability of SWS, and the reduction percentage of Cr(VI) achieved 98% after SWS was successively used for seven cycles. SWS coupled with ZVI showed a high activity in phenol degradation, with more than 94% phenol being degraded in each cycle. However, in the simultaneous removal of Cr(VI) and phenol, phenol degradation was inhibited due to the toxicity of Cr(VI) to phenol degrading microbes in SWS. On the other hand, reduction of sulfate and Cr(VI) was not affected by the presence of phenol, with more than 95% of sulfate and Cr(VI) being removed at the end of the 5th cycle. This study enriches our understanding on the applications of the SRB sludge in the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants in wastewater. 相似文献
5.
The reduction of sulfate by sulfate reducing bacteria in the anoxic zone is an extremely important process during early diagenesis of marine sediments. Our data from Great Bay, NH reinforce the proposal that the rate of sulfate reduction is directly proportional to the reactivity of the organic matter or the amount of readily metabolizable organic matter present in the sediment and, hence, the source of the organic material in the anoxic zone. It appears that organic matter rich in marine organic remains is more easily degraded in the anoxic zone and that sulfate reduction rates can vary considerably in an estuarine system where many types of organic material may be deposited. 相似文献
6.
Xiangchao Chen Muhua Feng Fan Ke Jizheng Pan Fan Fan Yarui Wang Wenchao Li 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2018,24(1):55-77
The source, quantity and quality of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) were investigated in the surface sediments of Lake Fuxian, a deep oligotrophic lacustrine system in China. Granulometry, biochemical organic composition, bulk organic proxies and their stable isotopes were determined in the surface sediments (0–4 cm). The values of δ13C, δ15N and atomic ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen (TOC/TN) indicated that the sediments in the large partial lake were influenced by autochthonous organic matter. The concentrations of TOC, protein (PRT) and total hydrolysable amino acids may be mainly modulated by phytodetritus sinking from euphotic zones since they correlated significantly with chlorins. Otherwise, the lack of correlation between chlorins concentrations and carbohydrate (CHO) and lipid (LIP) indicated that the latter may have an additional terrestrial source. The highest sediment quantity was found in the deepest station NC owing to its fine sediment. Stations near northwestern shore accumulated more SOM than other littoral stations, which was in accordance with sewage discharge strength. Degradation quality indices, such as chlorin index, degradation index, PRT/CHO, and LIP/CHO, were in general agreement in showing the degraded status of SOM in Lake Fuxian. No clear spatial patterns were found in sediment degradation quality, which may be influenced by bottom oxygen concentration in the deep stations. 相似文献
7.
8.
水库现代沉积过程沉积磷的早期成岩作用模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在沉积磷形态分析、孔隙水化学、核素计年以及吸附解吸实验等的基础上,运用一维“反应-平流-扩散”模型,研究了红枫湖现代沉积过程中磷的沉积改造。结果表明:红枫湖现代沉积过程中,有机态磷的矿化分解和铁结合态磷的络合/溶解,是控制沉积物磷迁移转化动力学的主要机制。沉积物-水界面附近有机磷的快速降解,可能克服沉积界面上铁氧化物对溶解磷的吸附缓冲,而形成向水体的磷酸盐迁移通量;自生磷灰石的沉积改造相对不明显,沉积磷向稳定形态含磷矿物(钙氟磷灰石)的转化过程同样不能影响红枫湖现代沉积过程中磷转化的质量平衡。 相似文献
9.
生物、有机质成矿作用是目前国际成矿作用研究前沿领域。本文以我国典型层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床——吐哈盆地十红滩铀矿床为研究对象,分析了矿床的有机质、微生物地球化学特征,探讨了有机质和微生物的相互作用。认为好氧微生物积极地参与了矿床层间氧化带的形成。氧化带铁的生物氧化作用催化了铀的氧化、溶解以及迁移,为铀成矿提供了重要的铀源条件。在氧化还原过渡带,硫酸盐还原菌利用有机质生物化学作用的产物——轻烃和可溶有机物作为碳源,使容矿层地下水中硫酸盐发生还原作用形成硫化氢,地下水Eh降低和pH向弱酸性转化,导致铀的还原成矿和吸附成矿作用,有机质和微生物的相互作用对矿床的形成具有重要的控制作用。 相似文献
10.
在严格厌氧条件下,分别用滚管计数法和MPN计数法测定了不同环境泥炭样品中的发酵型细菌,硫酸盐还原细菌和厌氧纤维素分解细菌的数量与分布,并考察了产甲烷细菌的存在与活性,同时分析了这四种细菌类群相应的地质意义。实验结果表明,在泥炭中发酵型细菌数量与有机质的含量特别是腐殖酸含量具有正相关性;硫酸盐还原细菌数量与硫酸盐含量之间的关系并不明显,与样品埋藏深度具有一定负相关性,硫酸盐还原细菌数量与硫酸盐含量的最小值均出现在泥炭层最底层;厌氧纤维素分解菌只在少数样品中检测到,而产甲烷细菌广泛存在于所有样品中,且可以与硫酸盐还原细菌共存于许多样品中。 相似文献
11.
Previous studies have shown that saltmarsh macrophytes have a significant influence on sediment biogeochemistry, both through
radial release of oxygen from roots and also via primary production and release of labile organic exudates from roots. To
assess the seasonal influence of the needle rush, Juncus roemarianus, on saltmarsh sediment geochemistry, pore waters and sediments were collected from the upper 50 cm of two adjacent sites,
one unvegetated and the other vegetated by Juncus roemarianus, in a Georgia saltmarsh during winter and summer. Pore waters collected at 1- to 2-cm intervals were analyzed for pH, alkalinity,
dissolved phosphate, ammonium, Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), sulfide, sulfate, and organic carbon. Sediments were collected at
5-cm intervals and analyzed for iron distribution in the solid phase using a two-step sequential extraction. The upper 50 cm
of the sediment pore waters are mostly sulfidic during both winter and summer. The pore water and sediment geochemistry suggest
organic matter degradation is coupled mostly to Fe(III) and sulfate reduction. In summer, there is greater accumulation of
alkalinity, sulfide, ammonium, and phosphate in the pore waters and lower levels of ascorbate extractable Fe, which is presumed
to be comprised primarily of readily reducible Fe(III) oxides, in the sediments, consistent with higher organic matter degradation
rates in summer compared to winter. Lower pH, alkalinity, ammonium, and sulfide concentrations in sediments with Juncus, compared to nearby unvegetated sediments, is consistent with release of oxygen into the Juncus rhizosphere, especially during summer. 相似文献
12.
D.G. Shaw M.J. Alperin W.S. Reeburgh D.J. McIntosh 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(9):1819-1825
The role of acetate in the biogeochemical cycling of organic matter in contemporary marine anoxic sediments of Skan Bay, Alaska was investigated with inhibition and quasi in situ turnover experiments. The turnover time for acetate oxidation in the upper 30 cm of the sediment column is ca. 1 hr. A molybdate inhibition experiment indicated that sulfate reducing bacteria were responsible for more than 95% of acetate oxidation. However, measured acetate oxidation rates exceeded sulfate reduction rates indicating that acetate oxidation rates are overestimated. Values for acetate concentration calculated from sulfate reduction rates (0.3–3.4 μM) were considerably lower than directly measured acetate concentrations (3.1–10.8 μM). Much of the chemically measured acetate may be microbially unavailable, perhaps in the form of a soluble or colloidal complex. A sorption experiment indicates that 10% to 40% of added acetate associates with Skan Bay sediment particles. Production of methane from acetate was detected only at 2 m depth. 相似文献
13.
SONG Liuting LIU Congqiang WANG Zhongliang ZHU Xiangkun TENG Yanguo TANG Suohan LI Jin LIANG Lili 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(3):712-722
To better understand the Fe isotope characteristics of natural samples in the Karst area, the Fe isotope compositions of riverine suspended particulates, lake suspended particulates, lake sediments, porewaters, phytoplanktons, and aerosols in the watersheds of Lake Aha (a mineralized water system) and Lake Hongfeng (a mesotrophic water system), which are located in the Karst area, southwest China, were investigated. The studied samples displayed a variable range between δ56Fe=?2.03‰ and 0.36‰. Aerosols and phytoplanktons have similar or slightly heavier Fe isotope compositions relative to the average of igneous rocks. Fe isotope compositions of riverine Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) were mainly affected by the types of tributaries. Suspended particulates collected from tributaries seriously contaminated with coal mine drainages displayed negative δ56Fe values (?0.89‰ to ?0.31‰) during summer, and there were significant increases of δ56Fe values in winter, except AR2, which was polluted with both coal mine drainage and sewage effluent. Characteristics of lakes have important influences on Fe isotope compositions of suspended particulates, lake sediments, and porewaters. The epilimnetic particulate Fe of Lake Hongfeng had δ56Fe=?0.04‰ to 0.13‰, while lighter Fe isotope compositions were measured for particulate Fe from Lake Aha, ranging from ?0.42‰ to ?0.09‰. Sediments collected from Hou Wu (HW) station of Lake Hongfeng have an average δ56Fe value of 0.09‰ and their corresponding porewaters have lighter Fe isotope compositions, ranging from ?0.57‰ to ?0.31‰; no significant variations have been observed. For the Liang Jiang Kou (LJK) station of Lake Aha, the content of reactive Fe and the concentration of sulfate were all high. Due to the reactive Fe recycling, including dissimilatory Fe reduction, adsorption, and Fe–sulfide formation, porewaters sampled near the sediment surface have been found to have a δ56Fe value as low as ?2.03‰ and an increase up to 0.12‰, with a burial depth of 10?cm. In contrast, an opposite variation trend was found for LJK sediments. Sediments sampled at 1-cm depth had a value of δ56Fe=?0.59‰ and decrease as low as ?1.75‰ with burial depth. This investigation demonstrated that significant Fe isotope fractionations occur in surface environments. Fe isotope compositions of particulate Fe were seriously affected by Fe sources, and Fe biogeochemical recycling has an important influence on Fe isotope fractionations in lake sediments, especially when there are significant amounts of reactive Fe and sulfate. 相似文献
14.
Kinetics of microbial sulfate reduction in estuarine sediments 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Kinetic parameters of microbial sulfate reduction in intertidal sediments from a freshwater, brackish and marine site of the Scheldt estuary (Belgium, the Netherlands) were determined. Sulfate reduction rates (SRR) were measured at 10, 21, and 30 °C, using both flow-through reactors containing intact sediment slices and conventional sediment slurries. At the three sites, and for all depth intervals studied (0-2, 2-4, 4-6 and 6-8 cm), the dependence of potential SRR on the sulfate concentration followed the Michaelis-Menten rate equation. Apparent sulfate half-saturation concentrations, Km, measured in the flow-through reactor experiments were comparable at the freshwater and marine sites (0.1-0.3 mM), but somewhat higher at the brackish site (0.4-0.9 mM). Maximum potential SRR, Rmax, in the 0-4 cm depth interval of the freshwater sediments were similar to those in the 0-6 cm interval of the marine sediments (10-46 nmol cm−3 h−1 at 21 °C), despite much lower in situ sulfate availability and order-of-magnitude lower densities of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), at the freshwater site. Values of Rmax in the brackish sediments were lower (3.7-7.6 nmol cm−3 h−1 at 21 °C), probably due to less labile organic matter, as inferred from higher Corg/N ratios. Inflow solutions supplemented with lactate enhanced potential SRR at all three sites. Slurry incubations systematically yielded higher Rmax values than flow-through reactor experiments for the freshwater and brackish sediments, but similar values for the marine sediments. Transport limitation of potential SRR at the freshwater and brackish sites may be related to the lower sediment porosities and SRB densities compared to the marine site. Multiple rate controls, including sulfate availability, organic matter quality, temperature, and SRB abundance, modulate in situ sulfate-reducing activity along the estuarine salinity gradient. 相似文献
15.
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are ubiquitous in anoxic environments where they couple the oxidation of organic compounds to the production of hydrogen sulfide. This can be problematic for various industries including oil production where reservoir “souring” (the generation of H2S) requires corrective actions. Nitrate or nitrite injection into sour oil fields can promote SRB control by stimulating organotrophic nitrate- or nitrite-reducing bacteria (O-NRB) that out-compete SRB for electron donors (biocompetitive exclusion), and/or by lithotrophic nitrate- or nitrite-reducing sulfide oxidizing bacteria (NR-SOB) that remove H2S directly. Sulfur and oxygen isotope ratios of sulfide and sulfate were monitored in batch cultures and sulfidic bioreactors to evaluate mitigation of SRB activities by nitrate or nitrite injection. Sulfate reduction in batch cultures of Desulfovibrio sp. strain Lac15 indicated typical Rayleigh-type fractionation of sulfur isotopes during bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) with lactate, whereas oxygen isotope ratios in unreacted sulfate remained constant. Sulfur isotope fractionation in batch cultures of the NR-SOB Thiomicrospira sp. strain CVO was minimal during the oxidation of sulfide to sulfate, which had δ18OSO4 values similar to that of the water-oxygen. Treating an up-flow bioreactor with increasing doses of nitrate to eliminate sulfide resulted in changes in sulfur isotope ratios of sulfate and sulfide but very little variation in oxygen isotope ratios of sulfate. These observations were similar to results obtained from SRB-only, but different from those of NR-SOB-only pure culture control experiments. This suggests that biocompetitive exclusion of SRB took place in the nitrate-injected bioreactor. In two replicate bioreactors treated with nitrite, less pronounced sulfur isotope fractionation and a slight decrease in δ18OSO4 were observed. This indicated that NR-SOB played a minor role during dosing with low nitrite and that biocompetitive exclusion was the major process. The results demonstrate that stable isotope data can contribute unique information for understanding complex microbial processes in nitrate- and sulfate-reducing systems, and offer important information for the management of H2S problems in oil reservoirs and elsewhere. 相似文献
16.
Jean-François Rontani Mina Nassiry Valérie Michotey Sophie Guasco Patricia Bonin 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2010,74(1):252-14
Incubation of intact and oxidized α-tocopherol (vitamin E) in anaerobic sediment slurries allowed us to demonstrate that, as previously suggested by Goossens et al. (1984), the degradation of α-tocopherol in anoxic sediments results in the formation of pristane. The conversion of α-tocopherol to this isoprenoid alkane involves a combination of biotic and abiotic degradative processes, i.e. the anaerobic biodegradation (which seems to be mainly induced by denitrifying bacteria) of trimeric structures resulting from the abiotic oxidation of α-tocopherol. On the basis of the results obtained, it is proposed that in the marine environment most of the α-tocopherol present in phytoplanktonic cells should be quickly degraded within the water column and the oxic zone of sediments by way of aerobic biodegradation, photo- and autoxidation processes. Abiotic transformation of this compound mainly results in the production of trimeric oxidation products, sufficiently stable to be incorporated into anoxic sediments and whose subsequent anaerobic bacterial degradation affords pristane. These results confirm that the ratio pristane to phytane cannot be used as an indicator of the oxicity of the environment of deposition; in contrast, they support the use of PFI (Pristane Formation Index) as a proxy for the state of diagenesis of sedimentary organic matter. 相似文献
17.
在夏季分层期间对红枫湖南、北湖湖心的水样进行分层采集,同时测定了分层水样的温度、pH、HCO3-浓度、溶解氧(DO)、叶绿素a(Chl-a)及铵根离子(NH4+)、硝酸根离子(NO3-)、磷酸根离子(PO43-)的浓度,水体中CO2的分压(pCO2)由化学平衡及亨利定律求得。研究结果表明:光合作用、有机质降解及水体热分层是影响红枫湖夏季pCO2分布的主要因素。其中,温水层CO2欠饱和是光合作用吸收CO2引起的,温跃层中pCO2的急剧增加是光合产物降解产生CO2引起的。静水层沉积物附近pCO2最高并且还有持续增加的趋势,说明沉积物中有机质降解是静水层中CO2增加的主要原因,夏季湖底水温较高加快了沉积物中有机质的降解。分层现象使pCO2在水体中的分布差别明显,并且使静水层中CO2得到积累。此外,夏季红枫湖水体中pCO2的变化与NH4+、PO43-的变化密不可分,表现为温水层中光合作用消耗NH4+、PO43-,有机质降解过程伴随NH4+、PO43-的释放。 相似文献
18.
哈素海沉积物中氮和有机质的分布特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
针对哈素海富营养化日趋严重的现实,系统开展了湖泊沉积物中不同形态氮及有机质的空间分布和污染特征研究。结果表明,表层沉积物中TN、Org N、NH+4 N及有机质的水平分布均表现经向分异特征,Org N的分布特征主导了TN的水平分布格局,有机质与TN具有强相关性。沉积柱芯中TN随深度增加而递减,有机质和Org N与TN的垂向分布相似,尽管 NH+4 N的垂直变化分异较大,但仍表现于表层富集的特点。Org N为表层沉积物和沉积柱芯中氮的主导形态,NH+4 N为无机氮的主导形态,成岩过程中,沉积物中TN只有极少部分在发生矿化。沉积物中有机质主要来源于湖中芦苇等大型挺水植物及陆源输入。哈素海表层沉积物的氮污染对底栖生物已经产生了严重的生态毒性效应,对底栖生物群落及整个水生生态系统构成了严重威胁。 相似文献
19.
Lake Houston is a man-made reservoir located northeast of Houston, Texas. The purpose of this investigation was to document
suspended sediment transport, sedimentation, and resuspension in the lake with a view towards estimating the influence of
sedimentation on water quality. Sediment traps were placed in strategic locations in the lake to collect suspended sediments.
Samples were analyzed for bulk density, grain size, organic carbon, and a number of trace elements. These data were analyzed
along with meteorological data to examine those factors which regulate suspended sediment input and dispersal, and the role
of suspended sediments in controlling water quality within the lake.
Sediment input to the lake depends primarily on the intensity of rainfall in the watershed. Sediment movement within the lake
is strongly influenced by wave activity, which resuspends sediments from shallow areas, and by wind-driven circulation. The
increased residence time of suspended sediments due to resuspension allows greater decomposition of organic matter and the
release of several trace elements from sediments to the water column.
Virtually all samples from sediment traps suspended between 1 and 5 m above the lake bottom contain medium to coarse silt,
and even some very fine sand-sized material. This implies that circulation in Lake Houston is periodically intense enough
to transport this size material in suspension. During winter, northerly winds with sustained velocities of greater than 5
m/sec provide the most suitable condition for rapid (<1 d) transport of suspended sediment down the length of the lake.
Fluctuations in current velocities and the subsequent suspension/deposition of particles may explain variations in the abundance
of coliform bacteria in Lake Houston. 相似文献
20.
Anitra E. Ingalls Robert C. Aller Stuart G. Wakeham 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2004,68(21):4363-4379
Muddy carbonate deposits near the Dry Tortugas, Florida, are characterized by high organic carbon remineralization rates. However, approximately half of the total sedimentary organic matter potentially supporting remineralization is occluded in CaCO3 minerals (intracrystalline). While a portion of nonintracrystalline organic matter appears to cycle rapidly, intracrystalline organic matter has an approximately constant concentration with depth, suggesting that as long as its protective mineral matrix is intact, it is not readily remineralized. Organic matter in excess of intracrystalline organic matter that is preserved may have a variety of mineral associations (e.g., intercrystalline, adsorbed or detrital). In surface sediment, aspartic acid contributed ∼22 mole % and ∼50 mole % to nonintracrystalline and intracrystalline pools, respectively. In deeper sediment (1.6-1.7m), the composition of hydrolyzable amino acids in both pools was similar (aspartic acid ∼40 mole %). Like amino acids, intracrystalline and nonintracrystalline fatty acids have different compositions in surface sediments, but are indistinguishable at depth. These data suggest that preserved organic matter in the nonintracrystalline pool is stabilized by its interactions with CaCO3. Neutral lipids are present in very low abundances in the intracrystalline pool and are extensively degraded in both the intracrystalline and nonintracrystalline pools, suggesting that mineral interactions do not protect these compounds from degradation. The presence of chlorophyll-a, but absence of phytol, in the intracrystalline lipid pool demonstrates that chloropigments are present only in the nonintracrystalline pool. Sedimentary chloropigments decrease with depth at similar rates in Dry Tortugas sediments as found in alumino-silicate sediments from the Long Island Sound, suggesting that chloropigment degradation is largely unaffected by mineral interactions. Overall, however, inclusion and protection of organic matter by biominerals is a major pathway for organic matter preservation in this low-organic carbon, biomineral-rich regime. 相似文献