共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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贵阳市区土地资源评价模型的建立 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以贵阳市区为例，选取自然生态系统指标、社会经济系统指标和农田污染系统指标，建立了土地资源评价模型，研究结果表明，将层次分析法（AHP）运用于评价模型的建立，并与地理信息系统（GIS）技术结合，是进行土地资源评价的有效途径。 相似文献
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山东省地质环境质量评价研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取综合指数法为主要研究方法,在充分分析和借鉴前人研究经验的基础上,建立了适合山东省地质环境状况的评价指标体系,并对山东省各地市目前的地质环境质量进行了总体评价。研究中选取区域地质条件、地质灾害、人类活动和资源4个指标,各指标下又划分了若干子指标,构成了山东省地质环境质量评价的三级指标体系;然后运用层次分析法确定各指标的权重,并对相关数据进行计算,得出山东省各地市的地质环境质量的综合指数;最后根据各地市的综合指数得分将山东省地质环境质量划分为3类：即地质环境条件相对较好的鲁西鲁北地区、地质环境质量居中的胶东半岛地区和地质环境质量较差的鲁中山区。 相似文献
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土壤质量评价国外研究进展 总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27
土壤是人类赖以生存的根本资源。土壤质量涉及到动植物生产力,大气、水的质量和人类的健康,随着人们对自然资源和环境保护意识的增强,越来越多的国家和地区已将土壤质量评价工作作为实现可持续发展的一个重要方面。通过土壤质量评价,了解土壤管理和利用的现状,为土壤质量的改善及可持续利用提供理论依据和技术支撑。根据国外近10年的研究,总结了主要的评价指标体系和评价方法。评价指标主要包括土壤物理、化学和生物性质3个方面的指标。评价方法分为定性和定量评价,定量评价应用较广,包括土壤质量指数、土壤质量模型、多元线性回归、相对土壤质量法等。掌握和了解国外相关研究的动态,对于开展土地质量地球化学评估及土地的分等定级工作有着重要的意义。 相似文献
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依据多目标区域地球化学调查资料,对土地环境质量综合评价方法进行探讨,建立评价模型。提出土地环境质量综合评价是土壤内部指标分等、外部指标定级,整合全部评价因素的新观点。采用相关系数、半方差函数进行指标筛选,层次分析法确定参评指标权重,通过隶属度函数模型将土壤不同含量单位的指标纳入同一评价体系形成内部因素,叠加区域地下水、农作物质量等外部因素,建立土地质量综合评价模型。根据模型对山东半岛蓝色经济区土地环境质量进行综合评价,结果表明：山东半岛土地可分为优质、优良、良好、中、差5等20级,其中可作绿色（111和121级）及无公害（211和221级）食品生产基地的土地占62．60％;需农业种植结构调整的512和522级土地面积267．54 km2,多位于矿区（金矿、石墨矿、铜铁矿）周边或紧邻城镇地带。土地环境质量综合评价方法及模型的建立对山东其他地区基本农田保护和土地质量等级划分具有一定借鉴意义。 相似文献
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随着地铁隧道的运营,地铁结构出现的安全问题也将越来越多。通过研究影响地铁结构安全的因素,确定了适于上海软土地区的、能够全面反映盾构隧道结构受力特点的、并综合考虑使用功能的评估指标,确立运营期地铁结构安全评估指标体系,利用模糊综合评判、层次分析法和模式识别理论,建立了地铁结构安全评价模型,并通过典型实例进行定量化综合分析评价。通过运营期地铁结构安全评估指标体系和评价方法的研究和探索,对正确评价地铁结构运营安全现状、修正偏差、提高地铁系统安全总体水平具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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Jing Hao Yongxiang Zhang Yangwen Jia Hao Wang Cunwen Niu Yongde Gan Yicheng Gong 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(6):144
Depth to water, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of the vadose zone media, and hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer (DRASTIC) model based on a geographic information system (GIS) is the most widely adopted model for the evaluation of groundwater vulnerability. However, the model had its own disadvantages in various aspects. In this work, several methods and the technologies have been introduced to improve on the traditional model. The type of the aquifer was replaced by the thickness of the aquifer, and the index of topography was removed. The indexes of the exploitation of the groundwater and the type of land use that reflected the special vulnerability were added to the system. Furthermore, considering the wideness of the study area, the fixed weights in the DRASTIC model were not suitable. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and an entropy weight (Ew) method were introduced to calculate the weights of parameters. Then, the Spearman Rho correlation coefficients between IVI and the Nemerow synthetical pollution index (NI) of the groundwater quality were significantly improved, after the four steps of modification. The level differences with little gaps between Nemerow comprehensive pollution indexes and groundwater vulnerability occupied the proportion of the area from 75.68 to 84.04%, and finally, a single-parameter sensitivity analysis for the two models was used to compute the effective weights of these parameters. By comparison, the DRMSICEL model seems to perform better than the DRASTIC model in the study area. And the results show discrepancies between the vulnerability indices and groundwater quality as indicated by existence of vulnerable areas with bad water quality and vice versa. 相似文献
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为科学评价现有耕地质量水平，利用环境卫星、Landsat8遥感影像以及地球化学调查等数据，提取了土壤肥力、水分、重金属污染等多种指标信息，采用与土壤水含量相关性更强的TVDI代替传统的DVI方法，建立了基于压力-状态-响应模型（PSR）的土壤质量评价方法.运用层次分析法（AHP）为各评价指标赋予权重，结合专家评分与线性内插法实现评价因子的定量评价，最终将各评价因子进行空间权重叠加获得地块评价单元.评价结果表明：海伦市一级耕地占28.75%，二级耕地占71.17%，三级及以下耕地占0.08%，耕地质量总体较高.通过对不同等级耕地空间分布的结果分析，提出了针对性的耕地改良建议. 相似文献
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基于AHP和BP神经网络的深部地热水可持续开发能力评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用资料完整性、开采潜力、回灌量、平均水压下降速率、地面沉降速率、水温、水质、地热井布局8项指标构建天津地热可持续开发能力评价指标体系;运用层次分析法确定了各项指标的权重,建立起评价因素集和评语集,给出了归一化数值;建立了天津地热可持续开发能力的BP神经网络模型,以层次分析法得出的结果作为样本,对BP网络进行了训练和测试,实例评价结果表明了AHP和BP神经网络方法的可行性,为地热资源的可持续开发能力评价提供了一种新的评价方法。 相似文献
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利用农业地质调查资料,探讨了如何应用MapGIS空间分析模块进行土地质量地球化学评估。以内江市沱江乡土地整理区为例,选取土壤养份指标、土壤环境指标、水、大气环境指标以及大宗农作物安全性指标为主要评价指标,通过MapGIS数字地面模型,绘制出单因素单指标分级图,并应用区对区的空间分析模块进行多指标、多因素的叠加分析,最终绘制成土地质量地球化学分等定级图。采用MapGIS空间分析模块进行土地质量地球化学评估,可以提高土地质量地球化学评估后期成图的效率,其方法简单实用,评估结果与工作区实际情况相符。 相似文献
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凌源市是辽西地区山地地质灾害危害较为严重的区域。在GIS技术支持下,选取地形、岩性、构造、降雨、道路、土地利用等6个因素作为评价指标,根据已发生的68个山地地质灾害点计算了各指标因子的敏感性,分别采用层次分析法、信息量法和统计量法确定了各指标的权重,利用因子叠置法对危险性进行了综合评价。结果表明层次分析法在该区山地地质灾害危险性评价中效果良好。该研究对相似地区山地地质灾害危险性区划具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Application of fuzzy logic and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to landslide susceptibility mapping at Haraz watershed, Iran 总被引：41，自引：8，他引：33
The main goal of this study is to produce landslide susceptibility maps of a landslide-prone area (Haraz) in Iran by using both fuzzy logic and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) models. At first, landslide locations were identified by aerial photographs and field surveys, and a total of 78 landslides were mapped from various sources. Then, the landslide inventory was randomly split into a training dataset 70?% (55 landslides) for training the models and the remaining 30?% (23 landslides) was used for validation purpose. Twelve data layers, as the landslide conditioning factors, are exploited to detect the most susceptible areas. These factors are slope degree, aspect, plan curvature, altitude, lithology, land use, distance from rivers, distance from roads, distance from faults, stream power index, slope length, and topographic wetness index. Subsequently, landslide susceptibility maps were produced using fuzzy logic and AHP models. For verification, receiver operating characteristics curve and area under the curve approaches were used. The verification results showed that the fuzzy logic model (89.7?%) performed better than AHP (81.1?%) model for the study area. The produced susceptibility maps can be used for general land use planning and hazard mitigation purpose. 相似文献
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Landslides constitute one of the most important natural hazards in Italy as they are widespread and result in considerable damage and fatalities every year. The Italian Landslide Inventory (IFFI) Project was launched in 1999 with the aim of identifying and mapping landslides over the entire Italian territory. The inventory currently holds over 480,000 landslides and has been available by means of Web services since 2005. The aim of this study is to define quality indices for evaluation of the homogeneity and completeness of the IFFI database. In order to estimate the completeness of the landslide attribute information, a heuristic approach has been used to assign weighting values to significant parameters selected from the landslide data sheet. The completeness and homogeneity of the landslide mapping has been evaluated by means of three different methods: an area-frequency distribution analysis; the proximity of the landslides surveyed to urban areas; variation of the landslide index within the same lithology. The quality indices have allowed identification of areas with a high level of completeness and critical areas in which the data collected have been underestimated or are not very accurate. The quality assessment of collected and stored data is essential in order to use the IFFI database for definition and implementation of landslide susceptibility models and for land use planning and management. 相似文献
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GIS-based groundwater spring potential assessment and mapping in the Birjand Township,southern Khorasan Province,Iran 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
Three statistical models—frequency ratio (FR), weights-of-evidence (WofE) and logistic regression (LR)—produced groundwater-spring potential maps for the Birjand Township, southern Khorasan Province, Iran. In total, 304 springs were identified in a field survey and mapped in a geographic information system (GIS), out of which 212 spring locations were randomly selected to be modeled and the remaining 92 were used for the model evaluation. The effective factors—slope angle, slope aspect, elevation, topographic wetness index (TWI), stream power index (SPI), slope length (LS), plan curvature, lithology, land use, and distance to river, road, fault—were derived from the spatial database. Using these effective factors, groundwater spring potential was calculated using the three models, and the results were plotted in ArcGIS. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn for spring potential maps and the area under the curve (AUC) was computed. The final results indicated that the FR model (AUC?=?79.38 %) performed better than the WofE (AUC?=?75.69 %) and LR (AUC?=?63.71 %) models. Sensitivity and factor analyses concluded that the bivariate statistical index model (i.e. FR) can be used as a simple tool in the assessment of groundwater spring potential when a sufficient number of data are obtained. 相似文献