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1.
Enrichment mechanism of phosphorite deposits and significant breakthrough in “Triunity Model”for ore prospecting in the Sinian Doushantuo Formation of eastern Kaiyang region,Guizhou Province 
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下载免费PDF全文 Liu Jian-Zhong Wang Ze-Peng Du Yuan-Sheng Zhang Ya-Guan Wu Wen-Ming Chen Guo-Yong Fu Zhi-Kang Wan Da-Xue Wang Da-Fu Tan Dai-Wei 《古地理学报》1999,22(5):913-928
Package exploration area in the eastern Kaiyang region is located at the southeastern margin of the Yangtze block,which is the concentrated distribution area of high-grade phosphorite deposits in China. The comprehensive studies of sedimentology,petrology,stratigraphy and palaeogeography in Doushantuo phosphorite ore-bed of the Kaiyang region show that the phosphorite deposits were controlled by the open shallow coastal sedimentary environment formed by denudation and deplanation of the Central Guizhou Oldland. Phosphorite lithofacies associations,mineralogical features and sedimentary structures indicate that the phosphorites had experienced “three stages of mineralization process”in the Kaiyang region: The first pristine bio-chemical phosphogenesis stage,the second winnowing and reworking stage and the last exposure and leaching stage. The winnowing and reworking processes are the key mechanism to the formation of the thick and high-grade phosphorite. According to the “Triunity Model”metallogenic theory,the research team confirmed the bedded distribution along the open phosphatic shore in the north of the Qianzhong Oldland,constructed the metallogenic model and ore prospecting model,and determined that the shoreface is the major target area of high-grade phosphorite ore. The research team have achieved the innovation of phosphorite metallogenic theory and broke through the bottleneck of phosphorite deposits exploration by cooperating of industry-university-research,and the metallogenic range was expand from 250km2 to 1000km2 and quantity of predicted resources increased from 94.42megatons to 1.3 giga-tons. The prospection verification in the part of areas estimated the ore resources of phosphorite deposits(Inferred and predicted resources) of 548.92 megatons,especially the newly added high-grade phosphorites 357 megatons,achieving significant breakthrough of ore prediction of high-grade phosphorites in China. 相似文献
2.
贵州开阳以东磷矿整装勘查区位处扬子陆块东南边缘,是中国富磷矿最集中分布区。通过对开阳磷矿沉积学、岩石学、地层学和古地理学综合研究认为,开阳地区磷矿成矿受黔中古陆长期剥蚀夷平形成的无障壁海岸的海滩环境控制,高品位磷块岩矿石岩相组合特征、矿物学特征和沉积规律指示了开阳磷矿动态“三阶段成矿作用”过程(即原始生物—化学成磷作用、波浪簸选(机械)成矿作用和暴露淋滤成矿作用),波浪簸选成矿作用是形成厚度大、品位高富磷矿床的主导因素。按照“三位一体”成矿地质理论,确定了以沿黔中古陆北缘开阔海滩相层状展布的磷矿体展布特征,建立了区域成矿模式和地质找矿预测模型,并圈定临滨带为富磷矿重点预测靶区,开展找矿预测。通过产—学—研联合攻关,实现了磷矿理论创新,突破了该区原有磷矿找矿理论瓶颈,成矿范围从250km2增至1000km2,预测资源量从0.9442×108t增至13×108t。通过部分区块的工程验证,获得估算磷矿资源量(推断量+预测量)5.4892×108t,尤其新增富磷矿3.57×108t,取得中国富磷矿找矿重大突破。 相似文献
3.
气候模拟显示,中国在古近纪曾被带状干旱带控制并被大面积沙漠沉积覆盖,然而在中国境内,尤其是在青藏高原周边气候变化与青藏高原隆升耦合敏感地区却鲜有发现,一定程度制约了东亚季风起源时间和气候变化研究。本文通过岩性、沉积结构、沉积构造、石英砂颗粒表面特征、铁质黏土套的化学成分特征和风成沙丘分布面积综合分析,证实了剑川盆地古近系始新统宝相寺组中段典型沙漠沉积的存在。古风向重建显示,沙漠早期为西风控制,晚期为西北风控制并伴随有初始季风雨。综合分析区域地质证据可见,青藏高原东缘始新世中晚期经历了一个由干旱到潮湿的气候剧变事件,而沙漠的消失即为该事件的标志。研究区古近纪风向偏转、初始季风雨的出现以及沙漠的消失表明,东亚季风可能始于晚始新世。本文进一步确证了青藏高原东缘古近纪沙漠的存在,对深化研究东亚季风起源的时间及其与青藏高原隆升的耦合关系具重要意义。 相似文献
4.
震旦系陡山沱组沉积期形成的黔中开阳、瓮安富磷矿沉积区,矿石产量大、品位高,是国内外重要的磷矿资源产区。黔中磷矿主要分布于黔中古陆周缘的滨浅海环境中,矿石类型以碎屑状磷块岩为主,间夹原生泥晶磷块岩、生物结构磷块岩和次生土状结构磷块岩。开阳式高品位磷块岩的动态沉积成矿过程通常为“三阶段成矿”: 第一阶段为初始成磷作用阶段,在新元古代大规模成磷背景下,上升洋流携带深部富磷海水进入滨浅海地区,并通过生物化学作用使磷质聚集并形成原生磷块岩沉积;第二阶段为簸选成矿作用阶段,高能波浪、风暴水流对原生磷块岩持续的破碎、磨蚀、搬运和再沉积过程中,簸选去除了原生沉积物中的陆源细碎屑、砂泥质成分,保留并聚集磷质碎屑颗粒,形成品位较高的碎屑状矿石;第三阶段为淋滤作用阶段,海平面升降变化使之前形成矿石受暴露事件影响,遭受强烈的风化淋滤作用,碎屑状磷矿石内的碳酸盐岩胶结物和白云石条带被淋滤运移,导致矿层发育大量溶蚀孔洞,甚至形成土状磷块岩,矿石品位再次得到大幅度提升。三阶段成矿作用随古地理条件和海平面变化在沉积成岩过程中多期次、动态进行,最终形成工业价值极高的磷矿石。 相似文献
5.
<正> 安徽贵池沿江地区有一套红色地层,长期未发现化石,其时代未能得到解决。1987—1989年,笔者等在贵池乌沙区陈家冲江边窑厂测制剖面时,在这套红色地层上部发现了大量蜗牛化石,经余汶、冯伟民鉴定,时代定为早第三世。 贵池陈家冲窑厂双塔寺组剖面(图1) 相似文献
6.
Marine sedimentary phosphorites of Eocene age (Upper Ypresian) are exposed in the extreme west of Iraq within the Dammam Formation. They are associated with limestone and chert, and their deposition seems to have taken place in a shallow marine environment within a structurally controlled basin open to the sea from the northern and western sides only.The studied phosphorites are granular in texture, coarse-grained and cemented by calcite which is occasionally silicified. Bone fragments are present in small amounts. Carbonate-fluorapatite is the only phosphate mineral detected in these phosphorites, with relatively high amounts of the components SO4?2, CO3?2, F?1, H3O1 and Na1 substituting in the crystal structure.The Lower Eocene phosphorites of Iraq are part of the Tethyan phosphorite province, and are comparable in many aspects with those of Paleocene and Upper Cretaceous age in the Western Desert of the country. 相似文献
7.
中国南方上震旦统灯影组中的古喀斯特洞穴磷块岩 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
晚震旦世,在中国南方存在一个大的碳酸盐台地,即大扬子台地。近来,在大扬子台地的次级单元-鄂西台地南北两侧边缘带的灯影组白云岩中发现古喀斯特洞穴磷块岩。北缘以湖北省南漳县的王家堡为代表,古喀斯特洞穴磷块岩不规则地分布于自灯影组上、下段之间的侵蚀面到其下约70m范围内。位于台地南缘的湖南大庸张家溪,古喀斯特洞穴磷块岩也产于灯影组下段白云岩内,据古生物学及地层学研究,张家溪灯影组下段上部白云岩中的洞穴磷块岩形成于早寒武世早期。古洞穴磷块岩的发现,证明灯影早期末有一次普遍而强烈的地壳运动,灯影晚期海侵的初期是晚震旦世除陡山沱期外的又一重要成磷期。 相似文献
8.
BAIOUM．H．M． 《中国地球化学学报》2002,21(3):215-226
The Campanian-Maastrichtian phosphatic deposits in Egypt,called the Duwi Forma-tion,comprise a part of the extensive Middle East to North African phosphogenic province of Late Cretaceous to Paleogene age.The province holds the greatest accumulation of phosphorites in the geological history,possibly in excess of 70 billion metric tons.The phosphate resources in Egypt alone exceed 3 billion metric tons.Two-third of these three billions occur only in the Abu-Tartur area.Among the phosphorite deposits in Egypt,the phosphorites of the Abu-Tartur area are characterized by high contents of iron ranging from 3% to 7% with an average of 5%.The detailed mineralogical and geochemical studies on the Abu-Tartur phosphorites revealed that iron is found in the form of pyrite,ankerite,clay minerals,microinclusions,and iron oxide.Pyrite,which is the major fraction,occurs as filling cement and partial to complete teplacement of phosphatic grains and confined to the fresh phosphorites while iron oxide occurs as cryp-tocrystalline aggregates of red to brown particles and is confined to the weathered outcrops.Ex-clusive relations between pyrite in the fresh phosphorite samples inside the Abu-Tartur mine and iron oxide in the equivalent horizon of the weathered exposure indicated that iron oxide was formed by the oxidation of pyrite as a result of weathering.All of these forms harm the quality of ore,manufacturing processes,and the produced phosphoric acid and fertilizers. 相似文献
9.
华南震旦纪和寒武纪磷块岩沉积环境探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从八方面探讨磷块岩沉积环境:(1)含磷岩系岩石组合;(2)磷块岩矿床与海水进退及构造运动的关系;(3)磷块岩的纬度分布与古气候条件;(4)磷块岩沉积的古地貌特点;(5)磷块岩沉积的地球化学条件;(6)磷块岩沉积的生物作用;(7)磷块岩沉积的水动力条件;(8)磷质来源。通过上述分析,不难看出,中国南方震旦纪及寒武纪磷块岩主要形成于热带-亚热带,岛屿罗列,呈半封闭状态的华南陆表海盆地。靠近古岛群的浅海湾、泻湖及水下隆起(高地)的周围,似乎是最有利的成矿坏境。 相似文献
10.
《Chemical Geology》2002,182(2-4):483-502
Detailed petrological, mineralogical, geochemical and radiogenic (U, Sr, Nd) and stable isotope (C, O, S) studies have been carried out on the Quaternary phosphorites of the continental margin off Chennai, southeast coast of India. These phosphorites are formed as a result of trapping and binding of sediments by microbial mats and are similar to phosphate stratiform stromatolites. Detrital and biogenic constituents enclosed in the phosphorites controlled the major and minor element composition. Except for Sr and U, the concentrations of most of the trace metals are lower than those in average shale and phosphorite. Middle rare earth element (MREE)-enriched patterns are the characteristic feature. The U–Th dating method indicates that the ages of the phosphorites are beyond 300,000 years. 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the phosphorites are higher than that of present-day seawater and εNd values are more negative than those of seawater of the Atlantic Ocean. Carbon isotope ratios are within the range expected for the oxic/suboxic zone but sulfur isotope ratios indicate suboxic conditions during phosphorite formation. These results imply that the benthic microbial mats thrived on the shallow shelf during the Quaternary low sea level conditions. Periodic or episodic sedimentation onto the mats led to their death. The bacteria associated with decaying microbial mats utilised phosphorus supplied by continental sources and rapidly precipitated phosphate. The availability of a high percentage of phosphorus in seawater seems to be an important controlling factor for the formation of phosphate stromatolites. The composition of these phosphorites differs from the modern phosphorites in upwelling regions, but are similar to Cambrian apatite stromatolites. These phosphorites provide evidence that the replicates of ancient phosphate stromatolites do exist in the Quaternary. 相似文献
11.
《China Geology》2020,3(2):283-291
In the greater inland Jianghan Basin of South China, three salt depressions are lacking accurate geological times, of which Jiangling Depression is the largest. Evaporites are important records of paleoclimate, however, the geological ages of evaporates are very difficult to be determined because often evaporates have scare macrofossils and microfossils. Nonmarine Cretaceous to Tertiary halite deposits interbedded with mudstones are widely distributed in China. Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum had very high temperatures and attracted strong interests of geologists because these times can be compared with future climate change because of global warming. However, previous studies focused on marine sediments found that during the Paleocene-Early Eocene, massive evaporate deposits formed in Jiangling depression of the Jianghan Basin. In this paper, the authors show that the Shashi Formation halite deposits formed in the Paleocene according to palynology. Most of these palynology fossils are arid types, so the massive evaporites in the Jiangling depression could be closely related to the hot Paleocene climate. High temperatures during the Paleocene contributed to the formation of the massive evaporates in the Jiangling Depression, until sylvite was the result. 相似文献
12.
泥晶磷块岩(micritic phosphorite)是磷块岩的主要类型之一。我国的磷块岩矿床也多有这种矿石。过去往往把组成泥晶磷块岩的磷酸盐矿物叫做胶磷矿(collophane)。扫描电镜、X-射线衍射等观察结果表明,胶磷矿实际上也是结晶质磷灰石,只是由于颗粒极其微小而已。由这种泥晶磷灰石组成的泥晶磷块岩也同样不像过去描述的那样单调,而是具有比较复杂的结构、构造。 相似文献
13.
Peculiarities in the distribution of nodular phosphorites in two largest phosphorite-bearing deposits (Polpino and Shchigry) of the Voronezh anteclise are considered. Section structure, phosphorites occurrence mode, conditions and succession of authigenic mineral formation in Cenomanian sands are analyzed. Various phosphate phyto-and zoomorphs are described.The second part of the paper is dedicated to lithotectonic regularities in the distribution of Cenomanian nodular phosphorite deposits. History of the origination and development of the science of structural-facies analysis is considered. Close relations of local tectonic structures with the distribution of coal, oil, salt, and other mineral resources are demonstrated. The distribution of nodular phosphorite deposits in the Dnieper-Donets Depression depends on local synsedimentary uplifts of two types. 相似文献
14.
河套盆地第三系及其生物群 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
河套盆地第三系及其生物群傅智雁，袁效奇，耿国仓（长庆石油勘探局勘探开发研究院，甘肃庆阳，７４５１０１）河套盆地位于内蒙古自治区中部的黄河河套地区，第三系发育较全。在进行石油地质综合勘探期间，随钻分析抱粉、介形类和轮藻岩样共计１３００余块，获得较丰富的... 相似文献
15.
鲕粒,豆粒磷块岩的显微结构和生成特点 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
晚震旦世陡山沱组和早寒武世渔户村组、辛集组磷矿中有各种鮞粒、豆粒磷块岩。豆粒、鮞粒内核的成分和结构复杂,有来自陆地的各种岩石砂屑、细砾,也有盆内沉积物破碎成的各种内碎屑。鮞粒、豆粒的壳层是同心纹层状磷灰石,它是内核在富磷海水扰动中逐层淀积而成。大部分豆粒、鮞粒在滨海高能浅水中与陆源砂、砾和岔内碎屑沉积在一起,少量鮞粒则沉积在滨外深水低能环境巾。豆粒、鮞粒和碎屑等沉积后又被不同物质胶结。 相似文献
16.
G. S. Kharin 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2009,44(4):305-327
Geologic and paleogeographic settings of the Upper Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Paleogene phosphorite-bearing rocks in the Kaliningrad and southeastern Baltic regions are considered. The paper discusses structures of the phosphorite-bearing sections, outlines phosphorite types, and compares them with the adjacent regions and phosphorite-bearing basins of the East European Platform. It is noted that the age of Meso-Cenozoic phosphorite-bearing horizons in the Kaliningrad and southeastern Baltic regions are similar or akin to the age of phosphorite-bearing horizons in other regions of the East European Platform. The age also matches that of ancient weathering crusts in provenances. Data on the composition of rare and rare earth elements in phosphorites from the northwestern basins of the East European Platform are used to estimate the role of igneous rocks, in particular, alkaline mafic-ultramafic rocks of Karelia that delivered phosphorus to sedimentation basins. 相似文献
17.
Keisuke Ishida Shigeyuki Suzuki Graciano P. Yumul Carla B. Dimalanta 《Gondwana Research》2011,19(1):61-70
The Cabog Formation, newly established herein and exposed in central East Luzon, Philippine Mobile Belt, is defined in age by the occurrence of radiolarians. The radiolarian assemblage is correlative with the middle Eocene and suggests a low paleolatitude affinity. The correlation, sedimentary environment, and the tectonic significance are discussed. The Cabog Formation is correlative with the distal part of the middle–late Eocene Caraballo Formation, which is exposed in the northeastern side of the Philippine Fault Zone. The sandstone composition and radiolarian age suggest that the Cabog Formation represents the first depositional stage in the early arc setting. The northward migration of the formation is also estimated in relation with the Philippine Sea Plate motion along the Older Philippine Fault from the equatorial area. 相似文献
18.
19.
A. B. Kuznetsov I. M. Vasilieva D. R. Sitkina Z. B. Smirnova O. K. Kaurova 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2018,479(1):282-285
The ages of the two main stages of carbonate cover formation within the Tuva–Mongolian microcontinent have been determined. The Pb–Pb age and Sr–chemostratigraphic characteristics of the carbonate rocks of the Irkutnaya, Agaringol, and Zabita formations, as well as of the Zabita Formation phosphorite, demonstrate that the first stage began in the Middle Riphean (Late Ectasian) at about 1290 Ma and the second stage started in the Early Vendian (Early Ediacaran) at 630–600 Ma. The accumulation of phosphorite deposits started in the Ediacaran at about 580 Ma. 相似文献
20.
青藏高原中段古近纪早期古构造演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
青藏高原古近纪早期发育大量区域逆冲推覆构造系统, 典型实例如冈底斯逆冲断裂系、纳木错西逆冲推覆构造、伦坡拉逆冲推覆构造、唐古拉山北逆冲推覆构造、东昆仑南部左旋斜冲断裂系。古近纪逆冲推覆构造对古新世—始新世沉积盆地具有重要控制和改造作用。冈底斯古新世—始新世早期发育大量中酸性岩浆侵入和多期中酸性火山喷发, 岩石Sr/Y-Y地球化学显示为岛弧岩浆岩, 推断与古近纪早期新特提斯残留古大洋板块俯冲存在成因联系。古近纪早期新特提斯残留大洋板块俯冲向印度大陆板块俯冲的转换时代约为46-45 Ma, 转换期前逆冲推覆构造运动与新特提斯残留古大洋板块俯冲存在密切关系; 转换期后印度大陆板块俯冲导致更为强烈的逆冲推覆构造运动和挤压缩短变形, 不仅使早期很多逆冲推覆构造继续发生构造运动, 还在喜马拉雅、冈底斯、风火山、东昆仑南部形成大量新的逆冲推覆构造系统。 相似文献