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1.
秦岭南缘大巴山褶皱－冲断推覆构造的特征 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
秦岭造山带南缘的大巴山巨型逆冲推覆构造主要是在秦岭造山带板块俯冲碰撞造山与中、新生代以来陆内造山过程中长期复合作用形成的。详细的室内外构造研究表明,巴山逆冲推覆构造可以巴山弧形断裂带为界划分为北大巴山逆冲推覆构造和南大巴山逆冲推覆构造。北大巴山自北而南依次由安康－武当推覆体、紫阳－平利推覆体、高桥－镇坪推覆体和高滩推覆体逆冲叠置而成。南大巴山则以镇巴－阳日断裂为界,分为北部的前陆冲断褶皱带和南部的前陆褶皱带。北大巴山主要是印支期碰撞造山作用和燕山期陆内逆冲推覆作用叠加改造的结果,南大巴山则主要是燕山期递进变形过程中的产物。构造变形北强南弱,北以冲断褶皱变形为特征,南以皱褶作用为主;北部褶皱紧闭复杂,向南渐变为宽缓的薄皮构造。逆冲作用在时序上具有由北向南扩展传递的特点。 相似文献
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大巴山晚中生代陆内造山构造应力场 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
位于中上扬子板块北缘的大巴山造山带, 平面上表现为大尺度向南西显著突出的弧形带, 无论在变形样式和形成时间上都明显与秦岭造山带不同。在大巴山构造格架划分和野外构造变形观测基础上, 通过构造解析, 结合年代学研究成果, 重建了大巴山晚中生代独特的构造应力场, 指出大巴山属陆内造山, 形成于J2末, 并持续到K2初期。其构造应力场特征, 以城口－房县断裂为界, 大巴山逆冲推覆带与其前陆冲断褶皱带的特征显著不同。大巴山逆冲推覆带主要表现为NE-SW向构造挤压, 而在大巴山弧形前陆带从西向东, 由近E-W向挤压, 转变为NE-SW向挤压, 最后转变为近S-N向挤压, 构成一向其外缘扩散的放射状构造应力场。总之, 大巴山造山带由推覆体向前陆, 构造挤压作用由北东向南西方向扩散。这期构造挤压作用控制了大巴山造山带陆内变形活动, 导致大巴山由北东向南西的显著缩短, 同时受到其东西两侧基底隆起——神农架－黄陵地块与汉南地块的强烈阻挡, 造就了现今的大巴山前陆弧型构造。其动力学背景可归因于晚中生代东亚板块多向汇聚。大巴山晚中生代陆内造山构造应力场的研究, 对探讨秦岭造山带动力学特征具有科学意义, 为研究川东北油气运聚规律提供了构造地质学依据。 相似文献
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大别山侏罗纪变形及其构造意义 总被引：31，自引：3，他引：31
大别山造山带作为三叠纪华北与扬子大陆碰撞成因并形成超高压变质岩石已经没有异议。然而,对侏罗纪的变形性质和大地构造背景的认识还未取得一致意见。通过前陆早侏罗世地层褶皱,前陆深部反射地震探测,造山带内 SE 角闪岩相线理变形以及160～120Ma 岩浆岩记录和同位素年代学研究等新的研究成果,证实中侏罗世大别山曾发生强烈的造山运动。这次造山运动相当于“燕山运动”,由于扬子与华北陆块在三叠纪已经拼合成一个大陆,所以侏罗纪变形属于陆内造山性质。将侏罗纪变形事件从大别山碰撞造山过程中分离出来可以合理地解释大别山超高压岩石第二次折返(从壳幔边界到地壳浅部)机理,150Ma 的混合岩化作用和广泛的130～120Ma 花岗岩-火山岩成因,以及大别山前陆 MOHO 错断等现象。 相似文献
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东秦岭－大别山及邻区盆－山系统演化与动力学 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
东秦岭－大别造山带受不同块体间的拼合碰撞及其之后的陆内变形控制,在造山带边缘和内部形成了不同的盆山系统。造山带北缘响应北秦岭与华北板块的弧陆碰撞及其之后陆内变形作用,形成了后陆逆冲与弧后前陆盆地系统。造山带南缘三叠纪至白垩纪随着扬子板块与秦岭－大别微板块沿勉略缝合带自东向西的斜向俯冲和之后的陆内旋转挤压,在扬子北缘形成了前陆逆冲与周缘前陆盆地系统。自晚侏罗世末至白垩纪造山带挤压与伸展并存,伸展自核部向边缘发展,形成造山带伸展塌陷与近东西向裂谷盆地系统。大致在中始新世之后,受中国东部环太平洋构造带东西向伸展作用和深部构造作用控制,横跨造山带形成近南北向的裂谷盆地。 相似文献
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大巴山构造带是秦岭造山带南部发育的一个以逆冲推覆构造为特征的构造带。通过在大巴山弧形构造带中段渔渡地区进行的详细构造解析发现,大巴山构造带在侏罗纪以来经历了至少两期变形叠加,变形地层三叠系嘉陵江组—侏罗系沙溪庙组。早期变形以与滑脱构造相关的轴向北西—北北西向箱状或隔挡状褶皱为主,并在深部发育顺层滑脱构造,变形时代为晚侏罗世到早白垩世。晚期变形与北侧逆冲相关,导致右行走滑变形,主要形成右行走滑断层和北西—北北西向紧闭褶皱,变形时代比第一期稍晚,为晚侏罗世之后到早白垩世。两期变形形成的褶皱延伸方向一致,与区域构造线的方向协调,而且在远离北侧镇巴断裂的地区变形强度有减弱的趋势,两期变形叠加形成共轴或斜交叠加构造。研究表明,变形与大巴山冲断—推覆构造带向南逆冲有关。 相似文献
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秦岭-大别新元古代-中生代沉积盆地演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
秦岭-大别造山带处于中央造山带的东部,经历了复杂的构造-沉积历史.在系统分析研究区4个二级和13个三级构造单元岩石地层、化石组合、同位素年代学及构造学等资料的基础上,划分出18个沉积盆地类型,并讨论新元古代-中生代构造-沉积演化:(1)新元古代-早古生代:商丹洋以北的北秦岭为岩浆弧和弧前盆地;南秦岭为陆内裂谷-台盆、台地-陆缘裂谷发育阶段;大别-苏鲁为陆内裂谷-台盆台地发育阶段;(2)晚古生代:北秦岭为海陆交互陆表海;勉略洋于泥盆纪开启;南秦岭为弧后陆棚与台盆台地并存发育阶段;(3)三叠纪:陆陆碰撞造山,全区进入前陆盆地发育阶段;(4)侏罗纪-白垩纪:断陷盆地和压陷盆地发育阶段. 相似文献
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完达山造山带原型盆地及可能的造山机制 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
完达山造山带是东亚环太平洋构造带的重要组成部分,是中国北方唯一的中生代深水活动类型沉积建造出露区。三叠纪—侏罗纪硅质岩－碎屑岩系构成了这个造山带的主体,其沉积序列总体表现为一向上变浅、碎屑颗粒变粗的沉积旋回,其中的硅质岩、泥岩稀土元素以Ｃｅ的正异常为特征;砂岩构架颗粒成分与典型的弧前盆地相同。这些特征表明,完达山造山带三叠纪—侏罗纪的原型盆地是东亚陆缘区弧前盆地的组成部分。构造解析结果进一步揭示,造山带只发育一期透入性的变形构造,与增生杂岩的变形序列明显不同。基于上述结论并结合区域构造分析结果提出,完达山造山带的隆升主要是中生代东亚陆缘型岩浆弧东移、本区卷入科迪勒拉型造山带所致。 相似文献
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远离活动板块边缘的四川盆地以其周缘复杂分布的褶皱构造带而著称,这些构造带的成因及其大地构造背景一直是华南大地构造研究的焦点之一。本文基于区域构造编图、褶皱构造样式和叠加变形分析,论述了四川盆地及其周缘中生代挤压变形特征及其定型时代,确定了重要构造事件及其产生的构造样式。研究显示,四川盆地及其周缘地带中生代经历了3个重大构造事件,每个构造事件产生的构造形迹在空间上发生复合和联合,造就了四川盆地及其周缘复杂的构造组合样式。中晚三叠世碰撞造山事件(印支运动)在扬子地区形成近W-E向褶皱构造,扬子地块西缘伴随着松潘—甘孜褶皱造山带的形成,发育了龙门山—锦屏山逆冲-推覆构造带及川滇前陆盆地,奠定了川—渝—黔—滇大型沉积盆地,构成四川盆地的原形。中晚侏罗世时期(燕山早幕),东亚构造体制发生重大变革,来自北部、东部、西部和南部的板块多向汇聚导致了大陆多向汇聚构造体系的形成和发展,其中秦岭造山带的再生活动导致南部米仓山—大巴山前陆构造带的形成和发展;来自太平洋板块向西推挤,导致了川东地区NW向突出的弧型构造和川南华蓥山帚状构造的形成;羌塘地块的向东侧向挤出,在扬子地块西北缘发生褶皱逆冲变形(龙门山—锦屏山构造带)。这期多向挤压事件强烈改造了四川T3-J1-2原形盆地,周缘褶皱构造带基本定型。早白垩世晚期的挤压事件(燕山晚幕)进一步改造了四川盆地,NW-SE向构造得到加强。除了西缘以外,四川盆地其他周缘褶皱构造带主体定型于晚侏罗世的陆内造山作用阶段,是扬子克拉通周边造山带在周邻板块多向汇聚作用下引发的再生复活的结果,成为中国东部陆内汇聚构造体系的重要组成部分。 相似文献
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南天山位于中亚造山带的南缘,是一条增生—碰撞型造山带。其碰撞造山的时间,是中亚造山带研究的一个关键构造问题,引起广泛的关注。以往关于碰撞造山的时间证据,基本上都来自造山带自身,即南天山前新生界露头区。前陆区广泛覆盖着巨厚的新生界,无法直接考察,很少从前陆区碰撞相关构造的角度研究南天山碰撞造山的时间。塔里木盆地北部是南天山碰撞造山带的前陆区。经认真系统地解释这里的地震资料,发现了南天山碰撞造山带的同碰撞构造和碰撞后构造。同碰撞造构造由二叠纪末—三叠纪冲断层及其相关褶皱组成。三叠系/二叠系和侏罗系/三叠系两个不整合给出了二叠纪末—三叠纪初和三叠纪末—侏罗纪初两期挤压冲断的时间。造山后构造为侏罗纪—白垩纪正断层组成。正断层活动起始于三叠纪末—侏罗纪初,持续至白垩纪中期。根据同碰撞构造和碰撞后构造的形成时间推论,南天山碰撞造山作用起始于二叠纪末,结束于三叠纪末;侏罗纪—白垩纪中期为造山后应力松弛构造演化阶段。 相似文献
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《现代地质》2015,(5)
利用砂箱模拟实验进行应变测量以模拟中祁连陆块不同时代地层的变形过程,基于这些应变测量数据,对中祁连陆块三叠纪—侏罗纪地层的变形特征开展了详细研究。结果显示,中祁连侏罗纪地层的变形特征和三叠纪地层明显不同。三叠纪地层为一套滨浅海沉积的砂岩、灰岩、泥岩组合,泥岩为绿色或含碳质、钙质胶结;侏罗纪地层为内陆河湖沉积的泥砂岩,为含煤地层。三叠纪砂岩主要为长石石英细砂岩,而侏罗纪砂岩为泥质砂岩,杂砂岩,岩屑较多。三叠纪地层在晚印支期造山过程中主要发育褶皱和断裂,褶皱轴面直立,褶皱枢纽为对称的南北挤压而形成的近东西走向,整体表现为脆性断块运动特征;侏罗纪地层则遭受燕山期强烈挤压形成紧闭褶皱。 相似文献
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Dany AZAR Raymond GèZE Antoine El-Samrani Jacqueline Maalouly André NEL 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(4):977-983
<正>Reports of amber predating the Lower Cretaceous are unusual and scarce;they mostly refer to amber pieces of millimetric dimension.In the present study,we report the discovery of 10 new outcrops of Jurassic amber in Lebanon.Some of these had large centimetric-sized pieces of amber.The new localities are described,amber is characterized,and its infrared spectra given.Although the new Jurassic amber yielded to date no more than fungal inclusions,this material is significant and promising.The discovery of several Jurassic outcrops provides crucial information on the prevailing paleoenvironment of that time. 相似文献
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Jonathan D. Radley 《Geology Today》2005,21(4):146-152
Southern and eastern parts of the central English county of Warwickshire are underlain by a poorly exposed but well-preserved and richly fossiliferous succession of Lower and Middle Jurassic strata. This article outlines the nature of the Jurassic sediments and their palaeoenvironments, and highlights some of the more important sites and discoveries. 相似文献
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V. S. Semenov V. M. Mikhailov E. V. Koptev-Dvornikov A. B. Ford O. G. Shulyatin S. V. Semenov D. A. Tkacheva 《Petrology》2014,22(6):547-573
The paper addresses the current understanding of the inner structure of the layered intrusions at Dufek Massif in the Pensacola Mountains and the Utpostane and Muren intrusions in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, which are still poorly known to Russian geologists. The magmatic events at approximately 180 Ma, including the emplacement of layered intrusions, are thought to had predated the breakup of the Gondwana supercontinent. The spatiotemporal similarities of the intrusions determine the importance of the problem of whether they were produced by a single or more than one parental magmas, which are thought to have been derived under the effect of a superplume. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(8):1450-1455
The brachiopod genus Aulacothyris Douvillé of late Jurassic age was shown to possess a brachidial loop joined to the dorsal septum during early stages of growth. This genus therefore was excluded from the family Zeilleridae and assigned to the family Dallinidae of the superfamily Terebratelloidea. On the basis of similar external and internal characters, particularly loop development, Babanova suggested that the following brachiopod genera should be combined into a tribe, Aulacothyrini trib. nov.: Aulacothyropsis, Aulacothyris, Terebrataliopsis and Kafirnigania. Babanova also described a new rhynchonellid genus which he named Bilanainella, collected from beds of Callovian age outcropping in the eastern Crimean Mountains. — A. W. Norris. 相似文献
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A. A. Goryacheva 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2017,25(3):265-295
This paper presents the results of a palynological study of the natural outcrops of the Lower and Middle Jurassic on the Kelimyar River (Outcrops 5, 6, 7, 14, and 16) and two boreholes, Middle-Nakynskaya and Ygyata-Tyungskaya 1, in Eastern Siberia. The Ukugut, Tyung, Motorchuna, Suntar, Kyrin, and Kelimyar formations were studied. Six biostrata with dinocysts were established for the Upper Sinemurian–Toarcian. The analysis of the stratigraphic ranges of dinocysts in the sections allowed the identification of the stratigraphic ranges for important genera of dinocysts, which enabled the updating of the geochronology of some biostrata. Three main stages of the evolution of dinocysts in the Early Jurassic in the Siberian Paleobasin were characterized by the appearance, diversification, and disappearance of some orders of dinocysts at certain times. Seven biostrata (beds with characteristic palynoassemblages) were established for the upper Sinemurian–Toarcian on the basis of the study of the taxonomic composition of spores and pollen of land plants and successive changes in the composition of the palynospectra. 相似文献
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A new taxon, ?Crassodontidanus gen. nov. of Hexanchiformes (cow sharks) from the Jurassic of Germany is described. It is characterized by peculiar teeth combining apomorphic (serrated mesial cutting edge of the main cusp) and plesiomorphic features (deep root with convex mesial and distal margins in labial and lingual views; protruding lingual root bulge). This character combination readily distinguishes members of the new taxon from all other known extant (Heptranchias, Hexanchus, Notorynchus) and extinct (?Gladioserratus, ?Notidanodon, ?Notidanoides, ?Pachyhexanchus, ?Paraheptranchias, ?Weltonia) hexanchiforms. Currently, two species, ?C. serratus (type species; Late Jurassic, Late Kimmeridgian of Nusplingen, South Germany) and ?C. wiedenrothi (Early Jurassic, Early Pliensbachian of Gretenberg (Hanover), North Germany) are assigned to this taxon. ?Crassodontidanus gen. nov. is member of ?Crassonotidae fam. nov. and sister to ?Notidanoides Maisey, 1986 and ?Pachyhexanchus Cappetta, 1990. We consider ?Notidanus amalthei Oppel, 1854 from the Pliensbachian of South Germany, ?Notidanus insignis Seguenza, 1887 from the Oxfordian of Sicily (Italy) and ?Notidanus wagneri Agassiz, 1843 from the Early Tithonian of Solnhofen (South Germany) nomina dubia and nomina nuda, respectively. The family ?Crassonotidae comprises plesiomorphic hexanchiforms ranging from the Sinemurian (Early Jurassic) to the Hauterivian (Early Cretaceous). 相似文献
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Sam Scriven 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2019,130(3-4):493-506
The World Heritage status of the Jurassic Coast has important implications for how the geoheritage of the site is communicated to audiences. UNESCO defines World Heritage Sites as places with Outstanding Universal Value to all people that must be preserved for future generations. Building relationships between people and place is key to conservation and on the Jurassic Coast that is delivered by providing audiences with physical, intellectual and emotional access to the Site. Heritage interpretation offers an effective way to develop these connections and create diverse ways for people to engage with the unique Earth Science stories that underpin the World Heritage Status of the Dorset and East Devon Coast. This paper reflects on the approach to interpretation taken by the Jurassic Coast Team and explores the ways in which geoheritage is a challenging subject to interpret. Practitioners on the Jurassic Coast have more recently developed an interpretive approach to help overcome these difficulties. Three categories of geoheritage stories were identified (Landscape, Cultural geology and Earth History) and three interpretive principles were devised (perspective, intimacy and imagination) as a way of scoping out a relevant emotional context for interpretive content. This approach laid the foundation for the development of a new interpretation framework for the Jurassic Coast – The Jurassic Coast Story Book, which will be subject to ongoing testing and evaluation by the new organisation leading on the protection and promotion of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site; Jurassic Coast Trust. 相似文献