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1.
Yongli Gao 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(5):1017-1027
This paper presents the spatial implementation of the karst feature database (KFD) of Minnesota in a GIS environment. ESRI’s
ArcInfo and ArcView GIS packages were used to analyze and manipulate the spatial operations of the KFD of Minnesota. Spatial
operations were classified into three data manipulation categories: single layer operation, multiple layer operation, and
other spatial transformation in the KFD. Most of the spatial operations discussed in this paper can be conducted using ArcInfo,
ArcView, and ArcGIS. A set of strategies and rules were proposed and used to build the spatial operational module in the KFD
to make the spatial operations more efficient and topographically correct. 相似文献
2.
This paper presents the overall sinkhole distributions and conducts hypothesis tests of sinkhole distributions and sinkhole formation using data stored in the Karst Feature Database (KFD) of Minnesota. Nearest neighbor analysis (NNA) was extended to include different orders of NNA, different scales of concentrated zones of sinkholes, and directions to the nearest sinkholes. The statistical results, along with the sinkhole density distribution, indicate that sinkholes tend to form in highly concentrated zones instead of scattered individuals. The pattern changes from clustered to random to regular as the scale of the analysis decreases from 10–100 km2 to 5–30 km2 to 2–10 km2. Hypotheses that may explain this phenomenon are: (1) areas in the highly concentrated zones of sinkholes have similar geologic and topographical settings that favor sinkhole formation; (2) existing sinkholes change the hydraulic gradient in the surrounding area and increase the solution and erosional processes that eventually form more new sinkholes. 相似文献
3.
Development of a 3D GIS and its application to karst areas 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
There is a growing interest in modeling and analyzing karst phenomena in three dimensions. This paper integrates geology,
groundwater hydrology, geographic information system (GIS), database management system (DBMS), visualization and data mining
to study karst features in Huaibei, China. The 3D geo-objects retrieved from the karst area are analyzed and mapped into different
abstract levels. The spatial relationships among the objects are constructed by a dual-linker. The shapes of the 3D objects
and the topological models with attributes are stored and maintained in the DBMS. Spatial analysis was then used to integrate
the data in the DBMS and the 3D model to form a virtual reality (VR) to provide analytical functions such as distribution
analysis, correlation query, and probability assessment. The research successfully implements 3D modeling and analyses in
the karst area, and meanwhile provides an efficient tool for government policy-makers to set out restrictions on water resource
development in the area. 相似文献
4.
利用VisualBasic 6．0语言开发非开挖管理软件,选择Microsoft Office Access 2000作为软件的数据库系统。该软件从公司领导层到公司各部门到作业班组,按照管理需求对非开挖工程数据资料的操作流程进行切合实际的逻辑设计,形成施工主体技术参数、相关辅助信息和人力、物力、财力数据的有机综合管理系统。而且可以直接从窗体输入数据资料,相应的输出Excel、Word形式的数据资料,方便了工程进展情况的查看和资料的整理。软件中根据非开挖工程的要求,相对应的窗体之间创建了关联。软件可以在Windows 9X操作平台下运行,具有窗体友好、操作方便、运行可靠稳定等优点。 相似文献
5.
深地震反射剖面数据子库 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
深地震反射剖面数据子库（简称SB1）,系国土资源部深部地球物理探测数据库下属子库之一。经过需求分析,数据标准格式设计,采用Microsoft Access97作为开发平台的深地震反射剖面数据子库,具备关系型数据库固有的一切功能。SB1由用户查询,维护管理和报表打印等3个子系统组成。SB1收录了1996年以前,即原地质矿产部和国土资源部地球物理工作者执行深部地质计划和前沿科技计划等专项计划获得的大量深地震反射剖面调查原始记录,处理成果与解释成果。经调研数据分布和保存状况,依照“深地震反射剖面数据入库技术规定”完成了深地震反射剖面数据收集,整理及登录。迄今为止,SB1共收录国土资源部深地震反射资料累计测线19条,剖面长度859km与入库原始记录数据量35.8GB;原始记录,数据处理等入库数据记录格式皆统一采用地震勘探专业通用的SEG－Y格式;并采用通用的刻录格式ISO9660共刻录数据光盘30张。SB1管理系统的库文件及其用户指南,管理员手册,系统盘说明等文档也已刻录成系统光盘,为数据共享以及其它应用提供了方便条件。 相似文献
6.
ArcGIS下的油田勘探资料管理方案 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
在长期的石油勘探工作中积累了包括地震、测井、地质以及其它非震地球物理方法等方面的大量资料。对这些与空间信息密切相关的资料进行数字化管理的理想方案是通过地理信息系统平台实现。油气勘探数据管理系统选用ArcGIS平台。用商业DBMS如oracle8作为数据库服务器，采用三层式C／S结构，用ESRI的Geodatabase模型和ArcSDE建立分布式勘探地理数据库。整个勘探地理数据库按专业或专题分为若干子库，每个子库都可以位于地理位置不同的专业数据服务器上，通过油田内部宽带网连接。制订勘探资料元数据标准，并根据元数据标准编制元数据同步程序和编辑器，实现油田勘探资料的规范化管理。 相似文献
7.
B. N. Piskunov 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2007,1(1):22-28
A petrochemical database newly developed for magmatic rocks from the Kurile island arc includes more than 2000 analyses, which were compiled from the literature, geological reports, and were made available for the author via personal communications. The database is developed on the basis of Microsoft Access (a Microsoft Office 97 application) for Windows 95 and consists of five tables. The main table initially comprises 22 columns and 2354 rows and can be unrestrictedly augmented by the user with newly obtained data. The database contains information on the location sof sampling sites, depth facies of the rocks, references, major-element compositions, etc. Examples illustrate the application of the database to the solution of geological problems: typifying the intrusive massifs of the Kurile island arc, assessment of the possible resources of Re mineralization at caldera volcanoes, and elucidation of the nature of the basaltic volcanism of the island arc. 相似文献
8.
介绍一种优化地下水污染监测网的软件--MAROS 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
MAROS是首个基于Windows平台利用MicrosoftAccess和MicrosoftExcel开发出来的用于地下水污染监测网优化设计的决策支持系统软件。该软件通过统计分析监测区域有关数据在时空上的相关分析结果,来确定监测网在时间上的取样频率和空间上的分布密度,从而保证以最省的监测费用获得地下水污染物随时间和空间变化的最全面信息。本文简单地介绍了MAROS的设计原理和模块组成,并对该软件的优缺点进行了评述。 相似文献
9.
Karst unit mapping using geographic information system technology,Mower County,Minnesota, USA 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Jeffrey A. Green William J. Marken Calvin E. Alexander Scott C. Alexander 《Environmental Geology》2002,42(5):457-461
Mower County is in southeastern Minnesota in an area underlain by sedimentary bedrock. These rocks are karsted Middle Devonian and Middle Ordovician limestone and dolomite. The karst features of the county were inventoried. These features include sinkholes, disappearing streams, caves, dry valleys, and springs. Previous karst mapping efforts for other counties in Minnesota have produced sinkhole probability maps and a springshed map. In Mower County, we have developed a new type of karst map using a geographic information system (GIS) to produce a karst unit map. Karst units are discrete three-dimensional bodies in which solution of the bedrock has resulted in the integration of surface water and groundwater. The field mapping and hydrologic investigations were done with conventional methods. The karst unit delineation was done using GIS technology, which allowed us to examine the county's karst using two-dimensional and three-dimensional views. Many different overlays of the karst elements were combined to better understand the landscape dynamics. Ultimately, it was the overlay of the karst features, hydrologic information, and depth-to-bedrock mapping on a shaded relief landscape morphology map which allowed us to best delineate the individual karst units. 相似文献
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12.
An understanding of what influences sinkhole formation and the ability to accurately predict sinkhole hazards is critical
to environmental management efforts in the karst lands of southeastern Minnesota. Based on the distribution of distances to
the nearest sinkhole, sinkhole density, bedrock geology and depth to bedrock in southeastern Minnesota and northwestern Iowa,
a decision tree model has been developed to construct maps of sinkhole probability in Minnesota. The decision tree model was
converted as cartographic models and implemented in ArcGIS to create a preliminary sinkhole probability map in Goodhue, Wabasha,
Olmsted, Fillmore, and Mower Counties. This model quantifies bedrock geology, depth to bedrock, sinkhole density, and neighborhood
effects in southeastern Minnesota but excludes potential controlling factors such as structural control, topographic settings,
human activities and land-use. The sinkhole probability map needs to be verified and updated as more sinkholes are mapped
and more information about sinkhole formation is obtained. 相似文献
13.
基于GIS 平台的中国大地热流数据库 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中国大地热流数据库是中国岩石圈三维结构数据库的子库之一。该库底层数据库为Access 97,基于地理信息系统GIS平台,应用MO、 DAO及API技术,使用VB、 VC语言实现了数据库的各项功能。该库具有对原始数据进行添加、删除、编辑、备份、浏览、查询、显示和维护等功能,并且开发了常规的数据解释软件包,还可对原始数据进行一些常规处理,同时任意输出各种数据报表和图件等。另外,还开发有中英文双语言界面。 相似文献
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15.
A New Zealand Landslide Database has been developed to hold all of New Zealand’s landslide data and provide factual data for use in landslide hazard and risk assessment, including a probabilistic landslide hazard model for New Zealand, which is currently being developed by GNS Science. Design of a national Landslide Database for New Zealand required consideration of existing landslide data stored in a variety of digital formats and future data yet to be collected. Pre-existing landslide datasets were developed and populated with data reflecting the needs of the landslide or hazard project, and the database structures of the time. Bringing these data into a single database required a new structure capable of containing landslide information at a variety of scales and accuracy, with many different attributes. A unified data model was developed to enable the landslide database to be a repository for New Zealand landslides, irrespective of scale and method of capture. Along with landslide locations, the database may contain information on the timing of landslide events, the type of landslide, the triggering event, volume and area data, and impacts (consequences) for each landslide when this information is available. Information from contributing datasets include a variety of sources including aerial photograph interpretation, field reconnaissance and media accounts. There are currently 22,575 landslide records in the database that include point locations, polygons of landslide source and deposit areas, and linear landslide features. Access to all landslide data is provided with a web application accessible via the Internet. This web application has been developed in-house and is based on open-source software such as the underlying relational database (PostGIS) and the map generating Web Map Server (GeoServer). Future work is to develop automated data-upload routines and mobile applications to allow people to report landslides, adopting a consistent framework. 相似文献
16.
石油勘探信息动态网页的实现与应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在 Microsoft Windows NT Server上集成 IIS,由 ASP脚本启动 ADO控件 ,通过 ODBC驱动程序 ,实现数据库服务器与 Web服务器的连接 ,是解决企业内部网在 Internet上发布数据库的一种有效方法。分析了动态网页技术的发展现状 ,介绍了用系统集成的方法开发石油勘探信息数据库查询系统的编程技术 ,给出了应用实例。 相似文献
17.
HydroCube: an entity-relationship hydrogeological data model 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Piotr Wojda Serge Brouyère Johan Derouane Alain Dassargues 《Hydrogeology Journal》2010,18(8):1953-1962
Managing, handling and accessing hydrogeological information depends heavily on the applied hydrogeological data models, which differ between institutions and countries. The effective dissemination of hydrogeological information requires the convergence of such models to make hydrogeological information accessible to multiple users such as universities, water suppliers, and administration and research organisations. Furthermore, because hydrogeological studies are complex, they require a wide variety of high-quality hydrogeological data with appropriate metadata in clearly designed and coherent structures. A need exists, therefore, to develop and implement hydrogeological data models that cover, as much as possible, the full hydrogeological domain. A new data model, called HydroCube, was developed for the Walloon Region in Belgium in 2005. The HydroCube model presents an innovative holistic project-based approach which covers a full set of hydrogeological concepts and features, allowing for effective hydrogeological project management. The model stores data relating to the project locality, hydrogeological equipment, and related observations and measurements. In particular, it focuses on specialized hydrogeological field experiments such as pumping and tracer tests. This logical data model uses entity-relationship diagrams and it has been implemented in the Microsoft Access environment. It has been enriched with a fully functional user interface. 相似文献
18.
随机岩溶介质的电阻率正演模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
受岩溶发育的影响,岩溶地区电阻率分布具有很大的不确定性。采用传统的正演方法在一定程度上不能满足岩溶探测的需要。为了更真实地反映岩溶介质的电性特点,本文提出了一种根据随机过程的谱分解理论来构造随机介质模型的方法,并以此建立了岩溶地区随机地电模型。对理论和实测地电模型的正演计算表明,随机介质能更有效模拟实际地电结构,正演结果更接近实测的异常形态。因此,岩溶地区的电阻率正演模拟计算采用随机介质模型是十分有必要的,一方面有助于对异常的认识,另一方面,随机介质模型可以更好地模拟岩溶地区的地电模型。 相似文献
19.
青藏高原的大气CO_2含量、岩溶溶蚀速率及现代岩溶微地貌 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
青藏高原是世界上最高、最大和最年青的高原。按照气候地貌学的观点,其干燥和寒冷的气候条件不利于岩溶地貌的发育。笔者在青藏高原上已发现了广泛分布的岩溶微形态。笔者用国际通用的石灰岩圆形切片,在西藏三个不同地点进行了12年的野外溶蚀试验,揭示出青藏高原的岩溶溶蚀速率是全世界最低的,在土层中还产生沉淀现象。通过在青藏高原不同高程上测量大气中CO_2分压,发现P_(CO_2)随海拔高度的增加而降低。在土壤、沉积物和岩石裂隙中的P_(CO_2)也呈现同样的变化趋势。由于CO_2含量直接影响天然水的溶蚀能力,因此可以断定低CO_2浓度是造成青藏高原上现代岩溶过程微弱的重要原因之一。其他主要原因包括干旱和寒冷气候条件。通过对不同微地貌上溶蚀速率的计算和形态分析,可以认为,分布于高原面上的所有岩溶微形态中,现代发育的岩溶微地貌形态仅仅是那些与生物岩溶过程有关的溶痕,其他岩溶微地貌形态可能是全新世温暖期的产物。 相似文献
20.
大同煤田岩溶地下水的水文地质特征分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
根据大同煤田岩溶地下水化学特征资料、钻孔揭露岩溶发育的资料、以及矿井出水资料，结合岩溶地下水区域水文地质条件、岩溶地下水的水温与同位素特征，对大同煤田岩溶地下水的富水层位与找水方向作了进一步的探讨与分析。 相似文献