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1.
青藏高原现今构造变形特征与GPS速度场 总被引：105，自引：12，他引：105
文章以青藏高原的GPS观测数据为基础 ,结合活动地质构造资料 ,研究了青藏高原的现今构造变形状态和机制 ,并探讨青藏高原现今构造变形所反映的大陆内部动力学过程。GPS观测的速度矢量揭示了青藏高原整体向北和向东运动的趋势 ,平行于印度和欧亚板块碰撞方向上的地壳缩短量约是 38mm/a ,而青藏高原周边主要断裂带的滑动速率均在 10mm/a以下。大约 90 %的印度与欧亚板块相对运动量被青藏高原的地壳缩短所吸收和调节。GPS速度矢量由南向北逐渐向东偏转 ,向东的分量也增加 ,形成了以羌塘地块北部 (或玛尼—玉树—鲜水河断裂 )和祁连山中部为中心的两个地壳物质向东流动带。青藏高原的向东挤出实际上是地壳物质在印度板块推挤下和周边刚性地块阻挡下围绕东构造结发生的顺时针旋转。 相似文献
2.
Ages,Sources and Tectonic Settings of the Triassic Igneous Rocks in the Easternmost Segment of the East Kunlun Orogen,Central China 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
REN Haidong WANG Tao ZHANG Lei WANG Xiaoxi HUANG He FENG Chengyou TESCHNER Claudia SONG Peng 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(2):641-668
U–Pb analysis of zircons from igneous rocks in the Elashan Mountain, easternmost segment of the East Kunlun Orogen yielded 252–232 Ma. Geochemically, these rocks are mainly high in SiO_2, K_2O and K_2O+Na_2O contents, low in P_2O_5 and TiO_2 contents, depleted in Ba, Sr, P, Ti and enriched in U, Hf, Zr, showing features of I–type granite. The zircon εHf(t) values of the Early Triassic Jiamuge'er rhyolite porphyry(252±3 Ma) are positive(+1.6 to +12.1), suggesting a juvenile crustal source mixing with little old crustal component, and the zircon εHf(t) values of the Middle Triassic Manzhang'gang granodiorite(244±3 Ma) and Dehailong diorite(237±3 Ma) are predominately negative(-8.4 to +1.0), indicating an older crustal source. In comparison, the zircon εHf(t) values of the Late Triassic syenogranites from Suigen'ergang(234±2Ma), Ge'ermugang(233±2 Ma) and Yue'ergen(232±3 Ma) plutons vary from-3.8 to +5.0, suggesting a crust-mantle mixing source. From Early–Middle Triassic(252–237 Ma) to Late Triassic(234–232 Ma), the geochemical characteristics of these rocks show the change from a subduction–collision setting to a post-collision or within-plate setting. By comparing of these new age data with 77 zircon U–Pb ages of igneous rocks of the eastern part of East Kunlun orogen from published literatures, we conclude that the igneous rocks of Elashan Mountain and these of the eastern part of East Kunlun Orogen belong to one magmatic belt. All these data indicate that the Triassic magmatic events of the eastern part of East Kunlun Orogen can be divided into three stages: 252–238 Ma, 238–226 Ma and 226–212 Ma. Statistically, the average εHf(t) values of the threestage igneous rocks show a tendency, from the old to young, from-0.75±0.25 to lower-2.65±0.52 and then to-1.22±0.25, respectively, which reveal the change of their sources. These characteristics can be explained as a crust-mantle mixing source generated in a subductional stage, mainly crust source in a syn–collisional stage and a crust-mantle mixing source(lower crust with mantle-derived underplating magma) in a post-collisional stage. The identification of these three magmatic events in the Elashan Mountain, including all the eastern part of East Kunlun Orogen, provides new evidence for better understanding of the tectonic evolution of the northward subduction and closure of the Paleo-Tethyan(252–238 Ma), the collision of the Songpan–Ganzi block with the southern margin of Qaidam block(238–226 Ma), and the post–collisional setting(226–212 Ma) during the Early Mesozoic period. 相似文献
3.
深地震探测揭示的西北地区莫霍面深度 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
从20世纪70年代以来, 在我国西北地区进行了大量的深地震探测研究。本文通过对西北地区的深地震探测研究的总结和梳理, 探讨了西北地区的莫霍面深度与变化及其地球动力学意义。结果表明: 比起我国其他地区, 西北地区莫霍面无论是埋深还是形态均变化最大, 反映出受印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞远程效应影响, 西北地区地壳整体变形强烈。莫霍面最深(约90 km)位于西昆仑与喀喇昆仑构造结合处, 最浅处位于准噶尔盆地西缘的克拉玛依(约35.5 km), 最深与最浅相差约55 km。在盆山结合部位及大型走滑断裂, 如阿尔金断裂、中天山北缘断裂带等均存在莫霍面错断。天山造山带东西段莫霍面深度变化明显, 西段深于东段。这些特征指示了中国西北部盆山之间的构造关系、天山造山带西段和东段不同的深部动力学机制以及古老断裂带的活化。 相似文献
4.
柴达木北缘超高压变质带形成与折返的时限及机制 总被引：49，自引：7，他引：42
位于青藏高原北缘的祁连山加里东造山带的形成是阿拉善板块、祁连微板块及柴达木一东昆仑板块在加里东期间汇聚和碰撞的结果。祁连微板块和柴达木一东昆仑板块之间的柴(达木)北缘超高压变质带形成于495～440Ma,是继南祁连洋壳向北俯冲于祁连微板块下形成增生的柴北缘火山岛弧带之后,陆壳深俯冲的产物。柴北缘超高压变质带是在祁连微板块及柴达木一东昆仑板块之间的“正向陆内俯冲”向“斜向陆内俯冲”转化过程中“斜向挤出”机制下折返的,开始折返年龄为470～460Ma,最后的折返时间为400～406Ma。折返构造很好地保存在超高压变质岩石中,并且记录了广泛的退变质作用。 相似文献
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Collision can be subdivided into “soft” and “hard” types, with the “soft” collision occurring after double-sided oceanic subduction and the “hard” collision after single-sided oceanic subduction. Although two types of collision involve different geodynamics and generate distinct petrological assemblages, whether they can preserve distinct records of detrital zircons remains unclear. This study confirms “soft” collision between the north Western Kunlun terrane (NKT) and the south Western Kunlun terrane (SKT) after the closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean. We further compare detrital zircon Hf isotope compositions of the “soft” collision with those of the “hard” collision related to the amalgamation of Rodinia in southern Tarim. Our results show that the NKT is characterized by dominant ca. 800 Ma zircons, whereas the SKT is featured by ca. 244 Ma, ca. 440 Ma, and ca. 620 Ma zircons. As such, sample 17WP53 deposited at 431 Ma in the NKT displays a dominant peak at ca. 500 Ma, indicating minor material exchange between the NKT and the SKT at ca. 431 Ma. Given the 420–405 Ma North Kudi granites displaying geochemical features of within-plate granites formed at a post-orogenic stage, we infer that the final closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean occurred at 431–420 Ma along Western Kunlun. Moreover, zircon εHf(t) data indicate that the “soft” collision between the NKT and the SKT during the amalgamation of Gondwana produced ca. 40% of juvenile crustal materials, whereas the “hard” collision related to the formation of Rodinia generated ca. 12% of juvenile crustal materials. More juvenile materials generated in the “soft” collision may be attributed to complete detachment and sinking of a oceanic slab. 相似文献
6.
新生代以来,受印度与欧亚板块碰撞和持续汇聚作用的影响,西昆仑造山带重新活化,并向塔里木盆地强烈挤压冲断,形成塔西南新生代再生前陆盆地。本文以塔西南叶城地区柯克亚剖面新生代砂岩样品为研究对象,进行碎屑锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,探讨其主要物源方向,以期对西昆仑隆升历史进行约束。结果表明,碎屑锆石的年龄存在70 Ma,200~500 Ma,800~1000 Ma,1600~2000 Ma和2400~2800 Ma五个年龄段,反映了该区物源的复杂性。综合分析潜在的物源区岩石属性、年龄构成及古流向等研究资料,认为物源区主要包括铁克里克、奥依塔克及喀喇昆仑地区,来自西南天山的可能性比较低。其中70 Ma的碎屑锆石主要来自于南部的帕米尔和喀喇昆仑地区;而200~500 Ma年龄段的锆石来自南部的铁克里克和西南部奥依塔克地区,这两个地区是主要的物源区;800~1000 Ma年龄段的锆石主要来自库地缝合带;1600~2000 Ma和2400~2800 Ma年龄段的锆石主要来自于铁克里克地区的前寒武纪结晶基底。研究区与奥依塔克地区位于同一弧形带,二者具有相似的物源区。上新世阿图什组地层沉积前后锆石形态具有明显突变,代表了西昆仑一次快速隆升过程。 相似文献
7.
最近的地震探测表明，在西昆仑和塔里木结合带有岩石圈根存在。据此，本文提出地壳均衡与岩石圈根拖曳共同作用导致“山隆盆降”的动力学机制假说。利用新近中英合作完成的有限元粘弹塑构造数据模拟技术FEVPLIB，模拟研究了青藏高原西部横过西昆仑和塔里木结合带剖面的这一动力学深化过程。这种模式既能解释高原隆升，又能解释边缘沉积盆地的成因。模拟结果表明，两个大陆碰撞到一起，当岩石圈根一旦形成以后，造山水平挤压力主要来源于岩石圈根的向下拖曳，而印度板块向北挤压沦为次要因素。 相似文献
8.
《Gondwana Research》2013,24(4):1402-1428
The formation of collisional orogens is a prominent feature in convergent plate margins. It is generally a complex process involving multistage tectonism of compression and extension due to continental subduction and collision. The Paleozoic convergence between the South China Block (SCB) and the North China Block (NCB) is associated with a series of tectonic processes such as oceanic subduction, terrane accretion and continental collision, resulting in the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an–Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt. While the arc–continent collision orogeny is significant during the Paleozoic in the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an orogens of central China, the continent–continent collision orogeny is prominent during the early Mesozoic in the Dabie–Sulu orogens of east-central China. This article presents an overview of regional geology, geochronology and geochemistry for the composite orogenic belt. The Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an orogens exhibit the early Paleozoic HP–UHP metamorphism, the Carboniferous HP metamorphism and the Paleozoic arc-type magmatism, but the three tectonothermal events are absent in the Dabie–Sulu orogens. The Triassic UHP metamorphism is prominent in the Dabie–Sulu orogens, but it is absent in the Qinling–Tongbai orogens. The Hong'an orogen records both the HP and UHP metamorphism of Triassic age, and collided continental margins contain both the juvenile and ancient crustal rocks. So do in the Qinling and Tongbai orogens. In contrast, only ancient crustal rocks were involved in the UHP metamorphism in the Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt, without involvement of the juvenile arc crust. On the other hand, the deformed and low-grade metamorphosed accretionary wedge was developed on the passive continental margin during subduction in the late Permian to early Triassic along the northern margin of the Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt, and it was developed on the passive oceanic margin during subduction in the early Paleozoic along the northern margin of the Qinling orogen.Three episodes of arc–continent collision are suggested to occur during the Paleozoic continental convergence between the SCB and NCB. The first episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the North Qinling unit beneath the Erlangping unit, resulting in UHP metamorphism at ca. 480–490 Ma and the accretion of the North Qinling unit to the NCB. The second episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the Prototethyan oceanic crust beneath an Andes-type continental arc, leading to granulite-facies metamorphism at ca. 420–430 Ma and the accretion of the Shangdan arc terrane to the NCB and reworking of the North Qinling, Erlangping and Kuanping units. The third episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the Paleotethyan oceanic crust, resulting in the HP eclogite-facies metamorphism at ca. 310 Ma in the Hong'an orogen and low-P metamorphism in the Qinling–Tongbai orogens as well as crustal accretion to the NCB. The closure of backarc basins is also associated with the arc–continent collision processes, with the possible cause for granulite-facies metamorphism. The massive continental subduction of the SCB beneath the NCB took place in the Triassic with the final continent–continent collision and UHP metamorphism at ca. 225–240 Ma. Therefore, the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an–Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt records the development of plate tectonics from oceanic subduction and arc-type magmatism to arc–continent and continent–continent collision. 相似文献
9.
东昆仑古特提斯造山带经历了从洋壳俯冲到陆-陆碰撞及后碰撞伸展的造山过程,但对古特提斯洋闭合时间一直存在争议,争论的焦点集中在晚二叠世格曲组沉积盆地原型及中上二叠统之间不整合关系代表的构造事件。本文对东昆仑红石山地区格曲组火山岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学与岩石地球化学研究,结果表明,岩石富集Rb、Th、Ba等大离子亲石元素(LILE)而亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素(HFSE),具有大陆岩浆弧的地球化学特征。火山岩具有高Ba/Th比值(53.6)、Th/Ce比值(0.23)、Nb/Ta比值(18.35)及低Dy/Yb比值(1.42),表明晚二叠世火山岩由枕状玄武岩和洋底沉积物等洋壳物质俯冲至60 km左右深度时熔融所形成。锆石U-Pb定年表明,格曲组下部碎屑岩段流纹质凝灰岩和英安质沉凝灰岩206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为(257.5±2.5)Ma和(256.2±4.8)Ma,上部灰岩段粗安质晶屑凝灰岩206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(251.8±2.3) Ma。结合区域上已报道的格曲组及花岗岩研究成果,认为古特提斯洋在晚二叠世开始向北俯冲消减,沉积于弧前盆地的格曲组为古特提斯... 相似文献
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11.
东昆仑造山带早古生代经历了完整的洋壳形成、俯冲消减、陆- 陆碰撞造山和造山后垮塌演变过程,目前对陆- 陆初始碰撞时间及碰撞时限还存在较大争议。周缘前陆盆地启动引发的沉积环境突变或不整合形成时间是用来约束大陆初始碰撞时间最直接和最有效的方法之一。本文以东昆仑水泥厂地区角度不整合覆盖于石灰厂组之上的志留纪周缘前陆盆地沉积哈拉巴依沟组为研究对象,开展火山岩夹层锆石U- Pb年代学研究,为约束早古生代陆- 陆初始碰撞时间与碰撞造山时限提供沉积记录证据。结果表明,水泥厂东和雪水河东哈拉巴依沟组下部流纹质凝灰岩锆石U- Pb年龄分别为443. 0±3. 9 Ma和441. 8±1. 3 Ma,结合已报道的石灰厂组火山岩锆石U- Pb年龄（450. 4±4. 3 Ma）,可以确定东昆仑陆- 陆初始碰撞发生在450~443 Ma之间。综合区域上古生代岩浆活动、变质作用、构造变形与相关沉积记录证据,认为东昆仑地区至少从450 Ma左右开始进入陆壳深俯冲及陆- 陆碰撞阶段,在425 Ma左右进入碰撞后伸展阶段,碰撞造山作用至少持续了25 Ma。 相似文献
12.
WANG Chan LIU Hao DENG Jianghong LIU Xianfan ZHAO Fufeng WANG Chun TIAN Xin 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(2):482-498
The Jiajiwaxi pluton in the southern portion of the West Kunlun Range can be divided into two collision–related intrusive rock series, i.e., a gabbro–quartz diorite–granodiorite series that formed at 224±2.0 Ma and a monzonitic granite–syenogranite series that formed at 222±2.0 Ma. The systematic analysis of zircon U-Pb geochronology and bulk geochemistry is used to discuss the magmatic origin(material source and thermal source), tectonic setting, genesis and geotectonic implications of these rocks. The results of this analysis indicate that the parent magma of the first series, representing a transition from I-type to S-type granites, formed from thermally triggered partial melting of deep crustal components in an early island–arc–type igneous complex, similar to an I-type granite, during the continental collision orogenic stage. The parent magma of the second series, corresponding to an S-type granite, formed from the partial melting of forearc accretionary wedge sediments in a subduction zone in the late Palaeozoic–Triassic. During continued collision, the second series magma was emplaced into the first series pluton along a central fault zone in the original island arc region, forming an immiscible puncture-type complex. The deep tectonothermal events associated with the continent–continent collision during the orogenic cycle are constrained by the compositions and origins of the two series. The new information provided by this paper will aid in future research into the dynamic mechanisms affecting magmatic evolution in the West Kunlun orogenic belt. 相似文献
13.
青藏高原南部拉萨地体的变质作用与动力学 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
拉萨地体位于欧亚板块的最南缘,它在新生代与印度大陆的碰撞形成了青藏高原和喜马拉雅造山带。因此,拉萨地体是揭示青藏高原形成与演化历史的关键之一。拉萨地体中的中、高级变质岩以前被认为是拉萨地体的前寒武纪变质基底。但新近的研究表明,拉萨地体经历了多期和不同类型的变质作用,包括在洋壳俯冲构造体制下发生的新元古代和晚古生代高压变质作用,在陆-陆碰撞环境下发生的早古生代和早中生代中压型变质作用,在洋中脊俯冲过程中发生的晚白垩纪高温/中压变质作用,以及在大陆俯冲带上盘加厚大陆地壳深部发生的两期新生代中压型变质作用。这些变质作用和伴生的岩浆作用表明,拉萨地体经历了从新元古代至新生代的复杂演化过程。(1)北拉萨地体的结晶基底包括新元古代的洋壳岩石,它们很可能是在Rodinia超大陆裂解过程中形成的莫桑比克洋的残余。(2)随着莫桑比克洋的俯冲和东、西冈瓦纳大陆的汇聚,拉萨地体洋壳基底经历了晚新元古代的(～650Ma)的高压变质作用和早古代的(～485Ma)中压型变质作用。这很可能表明北拉萨地体起源于东非造山带的北端。(3)在古特提斯洋向冈瓦纳大陆北缘的俯冲过程中,拉萨地体和羌塘地体经历了中古生代的(～360Ma)岩浆作用。(4)古特提斯洋盆的闭合和南、北拉萨地体的碰撞,导致了晚二叠纪(～260Ma)高压变质带和三叠纪(～220Ma)中压变质带的形成。(5)在新特提斯洋中脊向北的俯冲过程中,拉萨地体经历了晚白垩纪(～90Ma)安第斯型造山作用,形成了高温/中压型变质带和高温的紫苏花岗岩。(6)在早新生代(55～45Ma),印度与欧亚板块的碰撞,导致拉萨地体地壳加厚,形成了中压角闪岩相变质作用和同碰撞岩浆作用。(7)在晚始新世(40～30Ma),随着大陆的继续汇聚,南拉萨地体经历了另一期角闪岩相至麻粒岩相变质作用和深熔作用。拉萨地体的构造演化过程是研究汇聚板块边缘变质作用与动力学的最佳实例。 相似文献
14.
大陆碰撞造山样式与过程：来自特提斯碰撞造山带的实例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文选取特提斯域内比利牛斯、阿尔卑斯、扎格罗斯、喜马拉雅-青藏高原四个地球上最年轻的陆-陆碰撞造山带,对其造山带结构、类型、物质组成、构造岩浆过程等方面进行详细介绍,进而讨论各个造山带的差异性及其缘由,分析碰撞造山普遍性规律。资料分析表明,四个碰撞造山带具有不同的结构和组成。根据板块汇聚方向与造山带边界间的夹角可将造山带分为正向和斜向两种;根据造山带结构可将碰撞带分为对称式和不对称式两种。由此本文将碰撞造山带划分为四种基本式样:正向对称式、正向不对称式、斜向对称式、斜向不对称式,分别以比利牛斯、青藏高原、阿尔卑斯和扎格罗斯碰撞带为代表。综合分析四个造山带碰撞以来的岩浆构造活动,本文发现完整的碰撞过程可以划分为三个阶段,第一阶段主要发生挤压缩短、地壳加厚,高压变质和钙碱性火山岩浆活动;第二阶段以大规模走滑系统发育和高钾钙碱性或钾质火山岩浆作用为特征;第三个阶段挤压应力向碰撞带两侧扩展,同时伴有大型伸展构造系统的发育。在这三阶段演化历程中,比利牛斯只进行到第一阶段,成为幼年夭折的碰撞带;扎格罗斯进行到第二阶段,出现调节挤压应变的走滑系统和钾质超钾质岩浆活动;青藏高原和阿尔卑斯进行到第三个阶段,以发育大型伸展构造和钾质、超钾质岩浆活动为特征,但后者在造山带物质组成和汇聚速率方面显示出比前者更成熟的造山演化程度。因此认为岩石圈组成是碰撞造山带结构的主要控制因素,如果上覆板块具有相对不稳定的岩石圈,会使得碰撞带后陆发育宽广的构造岩浆带,造成造山带呈不对称式结构。 相似文献
15.
西昆仑西段三叠纪两类花岗岩年龄测定及其构造意义 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
西昆仑造山带海西晚期-印支早期(三叠纪)花岗岩发育,但已有的测年资料、岩石地球化学研究及少量的构造学观察还没有对本区这一时期造山事件的时间尺度做到准确把握。对西昆仑西段海西晚期两类构造特征完全不同的花岗岩露头尺度的观察、锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,一类含石榴子石片麻状花岗岩形成时代为240.5 ±1.8 Ma,表现出同造山过程中的花岗岩变形特征;另一类块状含角闪石花岗岩的年龄为228.2±1.5 Ma。根据两个岩体的构造特征,结合前人的研究及地球化学特征,表明含石榴子石片麻状花岗岩形成于同碰撞造山时期,是甜水海地体与西昆仑南带晚古生代岛弧沿麻扎-康西瓦缝合带碰撞峰期的产物,代表了沿麻扎-康西瓦分布的古特提斯洋一个分支的闭合,而228 Ma块状含角闪石花岗岩形成于碰撞造山后的伸展背景。220-190 Ma持续发育的花岗岩是南昆仑地体拼合到北昆仑地体之后在其南部形成的新的深成岩浆弧带。这一研究为西昆仑海西晚期-印支早期构造演化提供了更精细的时间制约。 相似文献
16.
青藏高原隆升的主因—大陆板块内的盆-山碰撞作用 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
在地壳运动中,盆地和山脉的形成机制是不可分割而有联系的。上地幔的波动起伏引起地壳上部物质的分配,在重力均衡作用的支配下,地壳物质由上地幔的隆升区域向拗陷区域蠕动,因而形成大陆板块内的盆地和山脉的分异和盆-山运动。高耸的喜马拉雅山和青藏高原就是塔里木盆地、卡拉库姆盆地和印-恒盆地等巨大盆地的扩张作用挤压而造成的。盆-山运动是真正的造山运动。 相似文献
17.
通过对东昆仑西段野马泉地区所获得的5个磷灰石样品的裂变径迹分析, 探讨该地区构造演化特征.磷灰石裂变径迹年龄分为153.8 Ma、106.8~81.0 Ma、48.7~44.4 Ma 3个年龄组, 其中153.8 Ma记录了班公湖-怒江洋闭合事件; 106.8~81.0 Ma是拉萨地块与羌塘地块碰撞拼合事件对东昆仑地区的远程效应; 48.7~44.4 Ma是印度-欧亚大陆碰撞之后伸展事件的体现.野马泉地区热历史分为3个阶段:第1阶段(130~110 Ma)持续隆升, 对应班公湖-怒江洋闭合后拉萨地块与羌塘地块拼合事件; 第2阶段(110~14 Ma)持续隆升, 90 Ma之前隆升速度较快, 与阿尔金断裂走滑及西大滩断裂韧性变形有关, 90 Ma之后进入一个时间较长的平稳抬升期; 第3阶段(14 Ma至今)受青藏高原新近纪以来强烈构造活动的影响, 快速隆升.3个阶段的隆升速率和隆升量分别0.021 mm/a和0.42 km、0.01 mm/a和1.0 km、0.1 mm/a和1.43 km, 平均隆升速率为0.028 mm/a, 总隆升量为2.86 km. 相似文献
18.
西昆仑地区元古宙岩浆侵入作用及构造-岩浆演化过程 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对西昆仑地区元古代侵入岩的岩石类型、形成时代和岩石地球化学资料的综合分析,探讨各个构造单元侵入岩形成期次、岩石成因及构造-岩浆演化过程。铁克里克断隆带元古宙中酸性侵入岩以A型花岗岩为主,是塔里木板块古老基底在高温低压条件下发生部分熔融的产物。西昆仑造山带古元古代和中元古代早期中酸性侵入岩为钙碱性I型花岗岩,是变玄武岩在低温条件下部分熔融条件下形成的,而古元古代晚期和新元古代中酸性侵入岩则是高温条件下老基底岩系部分熔融而形成的A型花岗岩。甜水海地块仅发育新元古代侵入岩,为S型花岗岩,是高温高压环境下甜水海地块古老基底部分熔融而形成。根据侵入岩岩浆演化规律,将西昆仑地区元古宙划为4个演化阶段:12 426~1 567Ma:以铁克里克断隆带A型花岗岩为代表的塔里木板块陆内演化,以西昆仑造山带钙碱性-拉斑质I型花岗岩为代表的陆缘弧。21 301~1 000Ma:铁克里克断隆带和西昆仑造山带均以陆内演化性质的A型花岗岩为主。31 000~851 Ma:甜水海地块S型花岗岩可能是陆-陆碰撞导致地壳加厚的产物,指示甜水海地块可能作为Rodinia超大陆的一员发生聚合拼接作用。4815~644 Ma:铁克里克断隆带和西昆仑造山带均存在碱性基性岩浆岩和A型花岗岩的双峰式侵入岩组合,指示塔里木地块和西昆仑地块可能作为Rodinia超大陆组成部分,在该阶段发生了裂解作用。通过对元古宙侵入岩的系统分析,西昆仑地区不同构造单元地壳演化有一定差异,经历了不同演化过程。 相似文献
19.
Reworking of the Gangdese magmatic arc,southeastern Tibet: post‐collisional metamorphism and anatexis 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Gangdese magmatic arc, southeastern Tibet, was built by mantle‐derived magma accretion and juvenile crustal growth during the Mesozoic to Early Cenozoic northward subduction of the Neo‐Tethyan oceanic slab beneath the Eurasian continent. The petrological and geochronological data reveal that the lower crust of the southeastern Gangdese arc experienced Oligocene reworking by metamorphism, anatexis and magmatism after the India and Asia collision. The post‐collisional metamorphic and migmatitic rocks formed at 34–26 Ma and 28–26 Ma respectively. Meta‐granitoids have protolith ages of 65–38 Ma. Inherited detrital zircon from metasedimentary rocks has highly variable ages ranging from 2708 to 37 Ma. These rocks underwent post‐collisional amphibolite facies metamorphism and coeval anatexis under P–T conditions of ~710–760 °C and ~12 kbar with geothermal gradients of 18–20 °C km ? 1, indicating a distinct crustal thickening process. Crustal shortening, thickening and possible subduction erosion due to the continental collision and ongoing convergence resulted in high‐P metamorphic and anatectic reworking of the magmatic and sedimentary rocks of the deep Gangdese arc. This study provides a typical example of the reworking of juvenile and ancient continental crust during active collisional orogeny. 相似文献
20.
地幔内异常热熔变与青藏高原的隆升 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文利用中法合作研究获得的定日—格尔木天然地震记录资料所揭示的青藏岩石圈存在的各向异性变化，讨论了雅鲁藏布江缝合带南北地幔物质运动方向的差异。结合区域重力场、地热和大量地质资料，提出了解释青藏高原形成和隆升的新模式。青藏高原是在印度板块和欧亚板块强烈碰撞挤压下，地壳缩短变形增厚，碰撞挤压达于极限，地幔内物质产生热熔变，导致了受热幔壳的急剧膨胀，托浮起上覆地壳整体，形成了巨大高耸而且地形平坦的高原。喜马拉雅造山带则是印度板块北缘俯冲受阻，逆冲叠覆堆积变形的结果。 相似文献