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1.
三峡库区白家包滑坡变形特征与影响因素分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针对三峡库区阶跃型滑坡,以白家包滑坡为例,统计分析滑坡位移、变形速率和裂缝监测数据。显示滑坡在2007年6月之前为蠕动变形初期,受降雨和库水位等外界因素的作用,6月滑坡发生剧烈变形,之后一直保持约75°方向滑动。滑坡体中前部位移速率大于后缘,其变形具有牵引式特点。滑体上裂缝与变形位移具有一致性,位移量越大的区域裂缝越发育。将位移速率与降雨、库水位和地下水进行影响机制分析,建立滑坡变形与外界动态影响因素之间的响应关系。结果表明降雨量和库水位变化是引起滑坡季节性变形的主要因素,其中降雨强度、库水位下降及下降速率是导致滑坡位移速率波动大小的关键因子。 相似文献
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塘角村1号滑坡是三峡库区地质灾害防治监测预警工程Ⅲ期应急专业监测点。监测方法为滑体深部位移监测、地表位移监测等。本文通过滑坡变形、库区降雨、库区水位变化等资料的相关分析,总结分析了该滑坡在空间和时间域内的变形特征。降雨强度和降雨量的大小是影响滑体变形速率的因素之一,下部滑体变形对于库区水位下降敏感,当水位在一段时期内按一定速率持续下降时,滑体变形速率明显加大。 相似文献
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有效利用滑坡监测资料掌握滑坡变形特征及其影响因素的主次关系是开展滑坡变形预测及工程治理的重要前提。因此,以三峡库区某滑坡为研究对象,基于滑坡位移监测、降雨量和库水位变化相关资料,对滑坡变形特征进行分析,研究表明该滑坡的变形与库水位下降及集中降雨具有明显的相关性;在此基础上,以滑坡位移变形速率为系统特征变量,选取当月降雨量、前两月降雨量、月库水位下降量、库水位下降速率为相关因素变量,运用灰色关联分析方法研究了系统特征变量与相关因素变量之间的响应程度,由灰色关联度的分析结果可知,前两月降雨量与当月降雨量、与该滑坡变形速率的响应程度最高,该滑坡变形的最大影响因素为降雨量,其次为库水位下降。鉴于此,建议进一步完善滑坡区排水系统,采取相应的工程防治措施。 相似文献
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多年来的监测数据表明溪沟湾滑坡加速变形时总伴随着季节性降雨和库水位变动，难以辨别滑坡变形的主导诱发因素，对风险分析带来了挑战。鉴于此，论文首先采用邻域粗糙集模型中的属性约简算法，对溪沟湾滑坡活跃区和非活跃区日变形速率与降雨、库水位和库水位变动速率因素之间的相关性进行了系统分析，计算结果表明溪沟湾滑坡活跃区变形主要受过去7日降雨因素影响，并与短期库水位变化率因素存在关联性，滑坡非活跃区的微弱变形与过去3日库水位变化率因素存在关联性。然后，结合滑坡变形特征，研究发现诱发溪沟湾滑坡活跃区剧烈变形的过去7天平均降雨量在20 mm左右，库水位下降因素对其变形存在影响，但影响较小，而溪沟湾滑坡非活跃区的微弱变形主要受库水位波动影响。最后，通过对溪沟湾滑坡进行渗流-力学数值计算分析，结果揭示了溪沟湾滑坡活跃区受长历时前期降雨作用的变形机理。数值分析过程中，当降雨强度由1 mm/d增至20 mm/d,降雨造成滑坡体内部孔隙水压逐渐增大，内部水位抬升并不断向滑坡活跃区延伸，导致活跃区滑坡体由稳定状态降至欠稳定状态，进而引发溪沟湾滑坡活跃区变形加剧。此外，数值模拟结果也表明库水位下降因素对滑坡活跃区内部渗... 相似文献
5.
由树坪滑坡自动监测曲线分析滑坡诱因与预警判据 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以三峡库区秭归县树坪滑坡为研究对象,通过远程全自动变形监测系统获取的滑坡监测曲线,结合历年专业监测和库水位、降雨等资料,分析了该滑坡的变形特征,找出了滑坡变形的主要诱发因素,并通过分析滑坡位移曲线、计算实测数据,得出了以变形位移速率和切线角为预警阀值的该滑坡四级预警定量划分标准。研究结果表明:库水位下降是诱发树坪滑坡变形的主要因素,降雨等仅起到雪上加霜的辅助作用;库水位下降速率大,树坪滑坡的变形速率也相应增大;引起树坪滑坡变形加速的关键因素实际上是地下水与库水位间的水位差形成向外的动水压力引起;切线角和变形位移速率的预警阀值仅为定量判定树坪滑坡的预警级别提供了依据,滑坡发展演化阶段的判定还应结合其宏观变形破坏迹象等综合判断。 相似文献
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为深入研究库区古滑坡变形特征及其复活机理,文章以三峡库区藕塘滑坡为研究对象,通过对钻孔、探槽及平硐等现场勘查资料和监测资料的深入分析,并结合数值模拟方法,探讨了藕塘滑坡的时-空变形特点及影响因素,并揭示其复活机制。电子自旋共振试验和现场勘查结果表明藕塘滑坡由三个次级滑体组成。监测数据显示:总体上,地表累计位移-时间曲线呈阶跃状变化,即雨季滑坡变形速率急剧加快,旱季则骤减;在空间上滑坡的变形速率随高程的增加而增加。库水和降雨是导致藕塘滑坡变形破坏的主要因素:滑坡下部区域变形主要受库水影响,而滑坡中、上部区域变形主要受降雨影响。数值模拟结果也进一步揭示了影响滑坡孔隙水压力响应的主控因素随滑坡高程的变化而变化。库水骤降使得坡体前部渗透压增大,同时强降雨使得坡体中部及上部孔隙水压力升高,二者共同作用下导致滑坡复活。此外库水位下降或降雨量增加,均会不同程度降低边坡的稳定性。以上结论对于指导实际工程及深化库区古滑坡的研究具有一定的理论意义,同时加强古滑坡的研究有助于丰富滑坡稳定性评价及预测预报方法,为古滑坡的治理提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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受库区水位波动和降雨影响,库岸大量老滑坡体变形加剧,地质灾害问题十分突出。为研究库岸滑坡影响因素、变形演化规律及失稳条件,以大型物理模型试验为手段,选取三峡库区黄土坡滑坡临江Ⅰ号崩滑体为对象,通过考虑水位波动、降雨及其组合作用等诱发因素,开展了一系列的库岸滑坡模型试验研究。试验结果表明：水位升降,变形主要集中于模型坡体前缘,其中,水位抬升过程中,滑坡模型变形较小,变形加速阶段出现于水位下降期间,且变形速率与水位下降速率成正比,即临江Ⅰ号崩滑体为典型的动水压力型滑坡;降雨影响下坡体变形在时间和空间上存在明显分区现象,时间上,变形发展主要集中于坡体浅表层饱和之后,即短时降雨对坡体变形未产生显著影响,空间上,坡体前缘和后缘变形剧烈;库水位下降和强降雨联合作用下坡体前缘产生局部流滑破坏,并溯源发展至前缘整体破坏,为典型的牵引式破坏模式。试验揭示处于临滑阶段坡体,其孔隙水压力、土压力变化呈现异常频繁的波动现象,可为滑坡预警预报提供一定参考依据。 相似文献
9.
库水位升降作用下不同滑面形态老滑坡响应规律 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
收集了三峡库区自2003年6月蓄水至2015年6月发生过显著变形或失稳的463处涉水老滑坡相关资料。以典型老滑坡为例分析了其不同形成模式及滑面形态,提出三峡库区老滑坡存在4类典型滑面形态,分别为弧形、靠椅形、折线形和直线形。通过统计分析不同滑面形态老滑坡对库水位升降的变形响应时间规律及涉水程度规律,可得以下结论:（1）弧形与直线形滑面滑坡以中部与前部涉水时产生变形为主,这两类滑坡受动水压力效应影响较大,主要在库水位下降阶段发生变形,尤其是首次蓄水至历史最高水位后的下降期;（2）由于对库水位下降的响应滞后性,部分直线形滑面滑坡在库水位下降后低水位运行期发生变形;（3）靠椅形滑面滑坡主要为前部涉水时产生变形,折线形滑面滑坡中后部涉水比例较其他3类滑坡高,这两类滑坡受库水浮托减重效应影响较大,变形集中在首次135m和175m蓄水的水位上升阶段。研究成果对三峡库区涉水老滑坡防治具有一定参考和借鉴意义。 相似文献
10.
滑坡位移的变化除受控于其内在的地质条件之外,也受到外在诱发因素动态作用的影响.为更好地揭示滑坡位移变化与诱发因素的综合关系,运用多种数据预处理方法对滑坡位移监测数据进行了处理分析.以巫山监测预警示范站玉皇阁崩滑体为例,分别采用t检验准则、正交多项式及三次样条函数进行数据剔除处理、数据平滑处理及数据等距化处理,在得到有效数据的基础上,对滑坡位移量与降雨量、库水位.变化等诱发因素进行了相关分析.结果表明,滑坡位移量与降雨量、库水位变化等诱发因素存在较强的相关性,同时具有典型的滞后性,其中,连续降雨与库水位下降是滑坡变形主要的直接诱发因素,且连续降雨对滑坡位移影响的滞后时间为0～6 d,库水位下降对滑坡位移影响的滞后时间为0～21 d. 相似文献
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随着三峡水库的长期运行,受库水位涨落和波浪作用影响,三峡水库土质岸坡的塌岸问题愈发严重,塌岸不仅造成了水土流失,甚至会诱发滑坡复活。大坪滑坡是三峡库区前缘塌岸发育最为明显的滑坡之一,以三峡库区大坪滑坡为例,结合大坪滑坡的地表宏观变形、地表GPS位移等数据,分析滑坡变形特征以及塌岸对滑坡变形的影响,在此基础上通过ABAQUS生死单元功能实现前缘塌岸对滑坡稳定性影响的数值模拟,进一步探索滑坡变形对前缘塌岸的响应关系。结果表明:大坪滑坡的变形主要受库水位涨落影响,前缘塌岸较发育,塌岸一侧GPS监测点地表位移变化较明显,显然塌岸对大坪滑坡地表变形影响较大;ABAQUS的有限元计算结果表明,塌岸对滑坡的变形影响十分明显,影响大小主要与塌岸方量相关;塌岸导致的滑坡变形主要集中在滑坡前部,并向后部逐渐扩展;ABAQUS中的生死单元法可以很好地实现塌岸对滑坡稳定性影响的模拟。 相似文献
12.
Jinge Wang Aijun Su Wei Xiang Hsin-Fu Yeh Chengren Xiong Zongxing Zou Cheng Zhong Qingbing Liu 《Landslides》2016,13(4):795-804
The original Badong County, Hubei, China, was mainly below the highest water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir, which is 175 m above sea level. The new downtown of Badong was rebuilt in the Huangtupo area between 1982 and 1991. After detailed geological investigation in the Huangtupo area, four independent landslides were identified, making it one of the largest and most harmful landslide group in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. Since 2003, abundant data have been obtained from the Huangtupo No. 1 sliding mass about rainfall, water level, earth surface deformation and deep deformation. The monitoring data indicate that the earth surface and deep deformation of this landslide is closely related to the seasonal rainfall and water level fluctuation of the reservoir. During increases in the water level, the earth surface deformation velocity decreases, and then increases obviously in the subsequent water level decreasing stage. Because the water level drawdown period overlaps with the rainy season in this area, the earth surface deformation is affected by both rainfall and water level. The deformation velocity of the earth surface caused by rainfall is about 5 mm/month, while that caused by water level decrease is 5–7 mm/month. On the contrary, the deformation velocity of the deep sliding mass accelerates 2 to 3 times faster than average during water level increase. The distinction of surface and deep deformation regulations indicates that the effects of seasonal rainfall and water level fluctuation on the stability of reservoir wading landslides are different. Based on all monitoring data, we also found that the Huangtupo No. 1 riverside sliding mass is creeping seasonally during the seasonal rainfall and periodic reservoir water level fluctuation. The deformation velocities of the east regions of the sliding body indicate acceleration, making these regions even more dangerous. 相似文献
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三峡库区崩滑地质灾害频发,堆积层滑坡是最常见的滑坡类型。在分析三峡库区145处库岸堆积层滑坡资料基础上,选取地形地貌、地质岩性和斜坡构造作为控制因素、降水和库水波动作为主要诱发因素,探究堆积层滑坡在上述关键影响因子下的分布发育规律及变形破坏响应特征,阐明内在机理,结果表明:(1)受区域地质构造和基岩地层岩性显著控制,滑坡发育频次和规模沿长江存在显著空间差异性;(2)砂页岩夹煤层岩组(SC)和泥灰岩与砂泥岩互层岩组(MSM)对库区堆积层滑坡危害最大,软岩、“软-硬”互层二元结构和水-岩(土)相互作用是主导滑坡发育的主要影响因素;(3)大多数滑坡涉水,主要发育在10°~30°斜坡上,前缘高程集中在100~175 m,受库水波动影响严重,岸别和斜坡结构对堆积层滑坡发育没有明显控制作用;(4)库区滑坡主要由降雨-库水下降联合诱发滑体前缘滑移-拉裂,引发牵引式滑坡,降雨与库水波动各自对滑体的影响格局和程度存在明显差异。以期研究成果为有针对性的库区滑坡总体防治提供一定的科学指导。 相似文献
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Deformation and mechanism of landslide influenced by the effects of reservoir water and rainfall, Three Gorges, China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Since the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir in June 2003, numerous preexisting landslides have been reactivated. This paper seeks to find the factors influencing landslide deformation and the relationship between displacement and fluctuation of the reservoir water level, while the displacement and the intensity of rainfall based on monitoring data; 6 years of monitoring were carried out on the Shiliushubao landslide, a old landslide, consisting of a deep-seated main block and two shallow blocks, with a volume of 1,180 × 104 m3 and located on the left bank of the Yangtze River, 66 km upstream of the Three Gorges dam. This landslide was reactivated by the impoundment and since then the landslide body has been experiencing persistent deformation with an observed maximum cumulative displacement of 8,598.5 mm up to December 2009. Based on the monitoring data, we analyzed the relationship between the fluctuation of the reservoir water level and displacement, rainfall and displacement, and found that the rainfall is the major factor influencing deformation for two shallow blocks and the displacement has a positive correlation with the variation of rainfall intensity. The fluctuation of the reservoir water level is the primary factor for main block, and the deformation rate has a negative correlation with the variation of reservoir water level, declined with the rise of the water level and increased with the drawdown of the water level. 相似文献
15.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(3):101378
Frequent soil landslide events are recorded in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China, making it necessary to investigate the failure mode of such riverside landslides. Geotechnical centrifugal test is considered to be the most realistic laboratory model, which can reconstruct the required geo-stress. In this study, the Liangshuijing landslide in the Three Gorgers Reservoir area is selected for a scaled centrifugal model experiment, and a water pump system is employed to retain the rainfall condition. Using the techniques of digital photography and pore water pressure transducers, water level fluctuation is controlled, and multi-physical data are thus obtained, including the pore water pressure, earth pressure, surface displacement and deep displacement. The analysis results indicate that: Three stages were set in the test (waterflooding stage, rainfall stage and drainage stage). Seven transverse cracks with wide of 1–5 mm appeared during the model test, of which 3 cracks at the toe landslide were caused by reservoir water fluctuation, and the cracks at the middle and rear part were caused by rainfall. During rainfall process, the maximum displacement of landslide model reaches 3 cm. And the maximum deformation of the model exceeds 12 cm at the drainage stage. The failure process of the slope model can be divided into four stages: microcracks appearance and propagation stage, thrust-type failure stage, retrogressive failure stage, and holistic failure stage. When the thrust-type zone caused by rainfall was connected or even overlapped with the retrogressive failure zone caused by the drainage, the landslide would start, which displayed a typical composite failure pattern. The failure mode and deformation mechanism under the coupling actions of water level fluctuation and rainfall are revealed in the model test, which could appropriately guide for the analysis and evaluation of riverside landslides. 相似文献
16.
Using an extreme learning machine to predict the displacement of step-like landslides in relation to controlling factors 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
In the evolution of landslides, besides the geological conditions, displacement depends on the variation of the controlling factors. Due to the periodic fluctuation of the reservoir water level and the precipitation, the shape of cumulative displacement-time curves of the colluvial landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir follows a step function. The Baijiabao landslide in the Three Gorges region was selected as a case study. By analysing the response relationship between the landslide deformation, the rainfall, the reservoir water level and the groundwater level, an extreme learning machine was proposed in order to establish the landslide displacement prediction model in relation to controlling factors. The result demonstrated that the curves of the predicted and measured values were very similar, with a correlation coefficient of 0.984. They showed a distinctive step-like deformation characteristic, which underlined the role of the influencing factors in the displacement of the landslide. In relation to controlling factors, the proposed extreme learning machine (ELM) model showed a great ability to predict the Baijiabao landslide and is thus an effective displacement prediction method for colluvial landslides with step-like deformation in the Three Gorges Reservoir region. 相似文献
17.
在每年的库水位下降期间,三峡库区的许多滑坡都出现了较大变形。为了深入研究库水下降作用下滑坡的动态变形机理,评价和预测此类滑坡的稳定性及发展趋势,本文以白水河滑坡为例,在现场地质调查和详细地质勘查的基础上,充分利用十多年监测数据,分析其变形特征、失稳机理、影响因素及稳定性,预测了其变形发展趋势。研究结果表明在水库水位下降的过程中,由于滑坡岩土体渗透性能较差,地下水来不及及时排出,滞后于水库水位的下降,滑坡受到了坡体内地下水向外的渗透动水压力作用,从而使得滑坡稳定性降低。另外库水位下降速度越快,滑坡的位移速率也越大,表现出阶跃型动态变形特征。 相似文献
18.
In the period of impounding and running of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the sensitive degrees of change of groundwater table and displacement to the fluctuation of water level are different in different parts of landslides induced by the fluctuation of water level (as the case of Xietan Landslide). According to the relationship between different sensitive degrees of monitoring variables (underground water level and displacement) and quantity of monitoring information, the sensitive zones of groundwater table and displacement to the fluctuation of reservoir water level are divided into different degrees by the approach of fuzzy pattern recognition. The result of numerical subarea of sensitive zone of groundwater table and displacement indicates that the middle and front part of the landslide are the main places with groundwater table affected by the fluctuation of water level of reservoir; the variation of horizontal displacement of surficial part of the middle and front part of the landslide is more sensitive to water impounding and sudden fall of water level; and with the increase of elevation and depth of the landslide, the horizontal displacement changes less and less; the change of vertical displacement of surficial parts of the landslide is most sensitive to the fluctuation of water level of Three Gorges Reservoir; and with the increase of depth, the change of vertical displacement become smaller and smaller. By the means of the numerical subarea regulation of Xietan Landslide, the suggestions to the point layout for monitoring the groundwater table and displacement in the landside of Three Gorges Reservoir are put forward. 相似文献
19.
库水位骤降时的滑坡稳定性评价方法研究 总被引：24，自引：5，他引：19
三峡水库蓄水及水位波动,将极大地改变滑坡体内的水文地质条件,库水位骤降和暴雨入渗是导致滑坡的主要因素。库水位骤降时的滑坡稳定性评价是滑坡防治中的一个难题。根据三峡水库水位调控方案和库区滑坡地下水作用的力学模式,利用有限元模拟库水位从175 m骤降至145 m时的滑坡暂态渗流场。建立了渗透力作用下滑坡稳定性评价的不平衡推力法。研究表明：滑坡的渗透系数和库水位下降速度是影响滑坡稳定性的主要因素,当库区堆积层滑坡渗透系数小于0.864 m/d,库水位发生骤降为2 m/d。库水位骤降时滑坡稳定性降到最小的水位通常在175 m水位以下10～20 m处。其研究为库区 175 m水位滑坡治理提供了科学依据。 相似文献