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1.
金属活动态测量方法是寻找隐伏矿的有效手段之一，但在方法应用过程中发现不同地球化学景观条件下金元素的有效活动态类型不尽相同，并且提取过程中固液比、温度、时间等条件会对活动态提取数据产生较大影响。为了探讨金元素活动态选择性提取及方法在秦岭地区的指示效果等问题，本文利用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）分析技术对秦岭地区王家坪金矿床金元素活动态提取的不同实验条件及不同粒级样品进行对比研究，确定了针对金元素水提取态、黏土吸附态、有机结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态的最佳提取条件为：固液比1：5，提取时间24h，提取温度35℃，采样粒级为-80目。金元素四个相态的方法检出限分别为：水提取态0.03ng/g，黏土吸附态0.03ng/g，有机结合态0.04ng/g，铁锰氧化物结合态0.05ng/g，精密度（RSD）为7.25%～9.02%。该方法应用于王家坪金矿床23线，经分析金元素各形态平均含量为：水提取态0.19×10-9，黏土吸附态0.30×10-9，有机结合态11.16×10-9，铁锰氧化物结合态0.20×10-9，其中有机结合态为矿区土壤中金元素赋存的主要活动相态，金的有机结合态异常与隐伏金矿体位置一致。 相似文献
2.
金的地球化学勘查基于金的准确测定,地球化学样品中金含量通常处于ng/g水平,需先进行分离富集,再采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)或石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)进行测定。当前,隐伏矿床勘查是地球化学探测技术的发展前沿,金活动态提取技术是寻找隐伏金矿的有效手段之一。相比于全量分析,金的活动态含量更低,需要解决选择性提取、高效预富集与准确测定等一系列难题。本文采用柠檬酸铵与土壤中黏土矿物及次生矿物作用促使吸附和可交换组分的金进入提取液,以硫脲和硫代硫酸钠络合金使活动态金向提取液中扩散,达到选择性提取的目的,建立了提取液中金的预富集及ICP-MS测定方法。实验确定的分析条件为:采用5g/L柠檬酸铵-2g/L硫脲-5g/L硫代硫酸钠为提取剂,提取时间24h,在酸性硫脲介质下用活性炭富集金,金吸附率可达89.6%～109.2%,灰化解吸温度为650～700℃。本方法检出限为0.05ng/g,相对标准偏差(RSD)为9.4%～10.2%,加标回收率为91.2%～93.4%。与已报道的硫酸铁-硫脲-硫代硫酸钠溶液提取再GFAAS测定的方法相比,本方法具有检出限低、测试线性范围宽、测试速度快的优势;应用于森林覆盖区黑龙江东安金矿区地球化学探测试验,金活动态异常与隐伏金矿位置一致。 相似文献
3.
活动态提取-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定栾川矿集区深穿透地球化学样品中铜铅锌钨钼 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
活动态提取技术是深穿透地球化学研究隐伏矿的有效手段之一,但在方法应用过程中发现单一的提取剂不能适用于所有元素和各种覆盖区,并且提取过程中温度、时间、酸度等条件对提取结果影响较大,可能掩盖有效的活动态信息。本文建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定多金属元素活动态提取液中铜、铅、锌、钨、钼的方法。通过试验确定了最佳提取条件为:固液比1∶10,提取时间24 h,提取液p H=7.0,提取温度25℃。各元素的方法检出限为0.006~0.021μg/g,精密度(RSD)为1.9%~6.6%。该方法应用于栾川矿集区西鱼库隐伏班岩钼(钨)矿床,探测到明显的W、Mo活动态异常,与隐伏矿体在地表投影位置相符。 相似文献
4.
5.
深穿透地球化学样品中铜活动态提取条件研究与初步应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
深穿透地球化学是通过提取地表土壤中深部隐伏矿发出的元素直接信息的找矿方法,元素活动态提取是应用最广的方法之一。但地表土壤中元素活动态含量信息微弱,活动态提取、元素分析的过程复杂,分析误差容易掩盖有效信息。目前的研究对提取过程条件缺乏有效的控制,方法标准化程度不高。本文研究了深穿透地球化学样品中活动态铜的提取条件,包括提取固液比、提取时间、提取液pH、固液分离方法、提取温度等,对提取过程进行优化,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铜的含量,方法检出限为0.03μg/g,精密度(RSD)为4.95%～7.39%。方法操作简单,精密度较好,应用于河南某隐伏铜多金属矿的探测,通过分析矿床的铜总量和活动态铜的含量,发现在矿床土壤中探测到了较为明显的与深部矿体成矿元素的活动态异常,探测结果所圈定的异常与实际矿(化)体相符。 相似文献
6.
本方法用HCl和H_2O_2分解试样,以泡沫塑料富集Au、Pt和Pd,在酸性介质中解脱,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定化探样品中痕量金铂钯,研究了富集解脱介质及浓度。结果表明,在0.5%NaI+0.5%KBr+20%HCl介质中泡沫塑料对Au、Pt、Pd的吸附率大于95%;在1%硫脲+2%KSCN+2%HCl解脱介质中Au、Pt、Pd的回收率高于90%。方法检出限为Au 0.072 ng/g,Pt 0.17 ng/g,Pd 0.096 ng/g,标准物质的测定值与标准值基本一致,准确度和精密度满足相关规范要求,因此该方法对化探样品中痕量金铂钯的测定有一定实用性。 相似文献
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8.
D290树脂-活性炭吸附富集电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铜精矿中铂钯 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
矿产品中痕量贵金属元素的测定通常需要富集分离,在检测过程中谱线干扰较多。本文对铜精矿样品在高温下灼烧除去碳和硫,采用盐酸+王水+氢氟酸消解体系进行分解,利用D290阴离子交换树脂-活性炭作为吸附剂富集铂和钯,以Y、In、Bi为内标元素,105Pd和195Pt作为测量同位素,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定铂和钯的含量。铂和钯的吸附率均达到90%以上,加标回收率分别为92.0%和96.0%,检出限分别为0.126 ng/g和0.105 ng/g,方法精密度(RSD,n=6)小于4%。应用于实际铜精矿样品分析,测定值与锍镍试金-ICP-MS测定结果一致。本法的样品处理体系最大限度地减少了样品中其他金属离子对待测元素的影响,选择的内标元素和高纯氦碰撞反应可有效地减少基体效应和同质异位素干扰。相比于锍镍试金法,该方法的样品前处理简单,铂和钯的富集效果明显,测定检出限低。 相似文献
9.
表生环境中铂、钯存在形式的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对贵州西部岩石、土壤、水系沉积物中铂的存在形式研究表明,贵州西部土壤、水系沉积物中的铂、钯主要由>5 μm颗粒铂、钯和≤5 μm的超微细铂、钯组成,前者的存在形式既有硫、砷化物颗粒铂,又有金属互化物类颗粒铂;后者的存在形式主要以铁锰氧化物态为主,其次为水提取态、粘土吸附和可交换态、有机结合态及与硅酸盐、碳酸盐、硫化物结合的超微细铂、钯.粒径数据的初步统计表明,硫、砷化物颗粒铂的粒径主要集中在5～10 μm之间,金属互化物类颗粒铂的粒径为8～11 μm.含量数据的统计表明,颗粒铂的含量占样品总量铂的10%～70%,超微细铂占样品总量铂的30%～90%,其中水提取态、粘土吸附和可交换态、有机结合态和铁锰氧化物态4种超微细铂占样品总量铂的20%～50%,剩下的10%～40%为与硅酸盐、碳酸盐、硫化物结合的超微细铂. 相似文献
10.
深穿透地球化学方法在山东大尹格庄金矿区试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
山东大尹格庄金矿埋深距地表距离大于200 m,属典型的隐伏矿床。选择大尹格庄金矿开展金属活动态测量、地球气测量、地电化学测量、土壤全量测量的方法,以检验深穿透地球化学方法勘查隐伏矿的有效性。试验结果显示:在埋深达300 m的隐伏金矿体上方发现了较明显的地球气、水提取与地电化学Au异常,异常与已知金矿体位置吻合程度较高,而土壤全量测量只在蚀变带头部有所反映,显示了深穿透地球化学方法在隐伏矿勘查中的良好应用前景。 相似文献
11.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):917-926
The results of a study of copper, nickel, cobalt, platinum, palladium, gold, and rhodium distribution in basic ore-forming sulfide minerals (chalcopyrite and pyrrhotites) as well as in the silicate portion of the host rocks of the Noril'sk deposit, are given. Interrelations between metals in different sulfide minerals and silicates are characterized. It has been established that palladium, platinum, and gold are concentrated in chalcopyrite while cobalt and rhodium are concentrated in pyrrhotite. The cobalt and precious metal content in sulfides grows with the increase of their nickel content. The relative content, however, of all these elements estimated for 1% of nickel is different in chalcopyrites and pyrrhotites. The former show a high platinum, palladium, and gold content and the latter--cobalt and rhodium. Ratios of these elements in sulfides and silicates are different. The relative platinum content increases in silicates due to a considerably greater content of mineralized platinum. Both nickel and cobalt form silicate compounds the latter to a much greater extent than the former. The relative cobalt content is therefore higher in silicates than in sulfides. In descending order, the element concentrations in sulfides range as follows: copper, nickel, palladium, gold, cobalt, platinum. — Auth. English Summ. 相似文献
12.
碱性-超基性杂岩体主要分布于俄罗斯东部稳定地质构造中,并经历了中生代-新生代的构造-岩浆作用.这些杂岩体局限于长期活动的深断裂带中.一些岩体由多期岩浆岩组成,并逐渐形成岩浆源构造(为1500~1000Ma).在该构造中,于前寒武纪或古生代形成的超镁铁质核被新生代或中生代碱性岩、花岗岩类和二长岩所穿切.碱性-超镁铁质岩体具有完好的同心带状构造,由不含黄长石的钙-碱性至碱性岩组成(作为一种规律).碱性-超镁铁质火山岩和侵入岩由碱性苦橄岩、黄橄玄霞岩、金伯利岩和超基性似长岩、玄武角闪岩及霞岩组成. 相似文献
13.
等离子体质谱法直接测定地球化学样品中金铂钯 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
建立了王水分解地球化学样品报直接用等离子体质谱法测定Au、Pd和Pt的分析方法。方法测定下限为Au4,0ng/g,Pd3.6ng/g,Pt2.4ng/g，方法精密度（RSD，n=12）为Au14.2%,Pd3.6%-5.2%,Pt6.6%-10.8%，三个元素的线性范围都为0.02-300μg/L。采用文中制定的分析方法直接测定了国家一级地球化学标准物质中的Au、Pd、Pt，在测定下限以上的测定结果与标准值吻合。 相似文献
14.
土壤中重金属有效态分析方法研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
土壤中重金属的不同形态决定了对于生物的有效性。自然界的重金属元素参与生态迁移能够被生物吸收利用的部分为生物有效态。土壤重金属可交换态的研究可以为其生物有效态研究提供参考。本文对于土壤中砷、汞、铬、镉、铅和铊的酸溶态、络合态和盐溶态这几种单一提取方式的可交换态的分析方法进行了研究比较,以其提取效率高的为有效态的表现方式,以p H值7.5为土壤酸碱度的界限,建立了土壤中的砷、汞、铬、镉、铅和铊在不同酸碱度下的分析方法。本方法的Cr的方法检出限为4.65ng/g;Cd的方法检出限为0.49ng/g;Pb的方法检出限为9.73ng/g;As的方法检出限为21.89ng/g;Hg的方法检出限为0.30ng/g;Tl的方法检出限为0.54ng/g。采用GBW7412,GBW7413,GBW7416这三个国家一级标准物质样品测得的方法精密度范围6.01%~19.3%。本方法适用于土地质量评估的要求。 相似文献
15.
David J. Grimes Walter H. Ficklin Allen L. Meier John B. Mchugh 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1995,52(3)
Ground-water, alluvium, and bedrock samples were collected from drill holes near the Chimney Creek, Preble, Summer Camp, and Rabbit Creek disseminated gold deposits in northern Nevada to determine if Au and ore-related metals, such as As, Sb, and W, are being hydromorphically mobilized from buried mineralized rock, and, if they are, to determine whether the metal-enriched ground water is reacting with the alluvial material to produce a geochemical anomaly within the overburden.Results of chemical analyses of drill-hole water samples show the presence of hydromorphic dispersion anomalies of Au, As, Sb, and W in the local ground-water systems associated with these deposits. Background concentrations for Au in the ground water up-gradient from the buried deposits was less than 1 nanogram per liter (ng/L), near the deposits the Au values ranged from 1 to 140 ng/ L, and in drill holes penetrating mineralized rock, concentrations of Au in the ground water were as high as 4700 ng/L. Highest concentrations of Au were found in ground-water samples where the measured Eh and the distribution of arsenic species, arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)], indicated oxidizing redox potentials. Similarly, As, Sb, and W concentrations in the ground water near the deposits were significantly enriched relative to concentrations in the ground water up-gradient from the deposits. In general, however, the highest concentrations of As, Sb, and W occurred in ground-water samples where the measured Eh and the distribution of arsenic species indicated reducing conditions. Arsenic concentrations ranged from 9 to 710 micrograms per liter (μg/L); Sb, from less than 0.1 to 250 μg/L; and W, from 1 to 260 μg/L.In addition, analysis of sequential dissolution and extraction solutions of drill cuttings of alluvium and bedrock indicate geochemical anomalies of gold and ore-related metals in the overburden at depths corresponding to the location of the present-day water table. This relationship suggests that water-rock reactions around these buried deposits are active and that this information could be very useful in exploration programs for concealed disseminated gold deposits. 相似文献
16.
由于Ａｕ、Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ等元素分析测试技术的突破，使中国的贵金属地球化学勘查得到迅速发展。甘肃省自８０年代以来，金矿地球化学勘查取得了丰硕的成果。９０年代初，在研究改进Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ、Ａｕ化学－光谱法快速联测分析方法的基础上，在祁连山地区开展了针对金和铂族元素的区域地球化学勘查。工作结果，Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ、Ａｕ的报出率都达到了１００％，从而可靠地圈定了Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ、Ａｕ的地球化学异常。这一案例证明，地球化学勘查在寻找金和铂族元素矿产方面都是有效的 相似文献
17.
中亚造山带中斑岩铜钼矿的Re，Pt，Pd和Au含量 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Anita N．Berzina Alexander F．Korobeinikov 《岩石学报》2007,23(8):1957-1972
Precious metal(Pt,Pd and Au)and Re contents in rocks,ores and flotation concentrates of Siberian(Russia)andMongolian porphyry Cu-Mo and Mo-Cu deposits were studied.The following deposits are discussed:Early Devonian porphyry Mo-CuSora deposit(Kuznetsk Alatau Mountains,Russia)and porphyry Cu-Mo Aksug deposit,(northeastern Tuva,Russia);Triassicporphyry Cu-Mo Erdenetiin Ovoo deposit(northern Mongolia).The samples analyzed include unaltered host rocks of plutons,porphyryrocks of ore-bearing series,different types of altered rocks,mineral separate analyses of molybdenite,chalcopyrite and magnetite,aswell as flotation concentrates.Pt,Pd,Au and Re contents were determined using ICP/MS,AAS and inversion voltammetric analysis.PGE abundances in rocks and poorly mineralized samples span a large range from below detection limit to 65 ppb Pt and 74 ppbPd.Re concentrations in whole rock samples range from below detection limit to 89 ppb.Molybdenite has been shown to be the majorhost phase for Re.The results presented show that Aksug deposit reveals elevated PGE and Au contents in ore minerals and flotationconcentrates.High Pd contents in ores of the Aksug deposit are in accordance with the presence of palladium mineralization in the formof palladium telluride merenskyite(Pd,Pt)Te_2.The variety of precious metals and Re contents in the studied deposits could be caused by a complex interplay of several factors,including importance of primary metal concentrations derived from the source,transport of metals to the deposition area,physicochemical properties of the fluid(fo_2,pH,fs,T,P),and depositional conditions.Higher Re contents in molybdenite andchalcopyrite separates are typical for copper-rich Aksug and Erdenetiin Ovoo deposits.Rhenium concentration in sulfides frommolybdenum-rich Sora deposit is significantly lower.Highly oxidized,Cl-rich fluid style at Aksug and Erdenetiin Ovoo was favorable forhigh rhenium solubility and transport to depositional area.The occurrence of significant precious metals contents at Aksug were likelydue to:1)PGE and Au enriched source,2)favorable fluid style(high fo_2,high Cl-activity),promoting high solubility andtransportation of precious metals in ore-forming fluid as chloride complexes;3)moderately reducing depositional conditions from PGE-bearing solutions containing As and Te,facilitating PGM deposition.As for the porphyry systems at the Sora and Erdenetiin Ovoodeposits,they were probably devoid of precursors favorable for the enrichment in PGE and Au or the role of such precursors wasinsignificant. 相似文献
18.
Gold and platinum-group-metals (PGM) are cycled through Earth’s environments by interwoven geological, physical, chemical and biological processes leading to the trans/neoformation of metallic particles in placers. The placer deposit at Corrego Bom Successo (CBS, Brazil) is one of the few localities worldwide containing secondary gold- and PGM-particles. Placer gold consists of detrital particles from nearby hydrothermal deposits that were transformed in the surface environment. Processes that have affected these particles include short-distance transport, chemical de-alloying of the primary gold‑silver, and (bio)geochemical dissolution/re-precipitation of gold leading to the formation of pure, secondary gold and the dispersion of gold nanoparticles. The latter processes are likely mediated by non-living organic matter (OM) and bacterial biofilms residing on the particles. The biofilms are largely composed of metallophillic β- and γ-Proteobacteria. Abundant mobile gold and platinum nanoparticles were detected in surface waters, suggesting similar mobilities of these metals. Earlier hydrothermal processes have led to the formation of coarsely-crystalline, arborescent dendritic potarite (PdHg). On potarite surfaces, biogeochemical processes have then led to the formation of platinum- and palladium-rich micro-crystalline layers, which make up the botryoidal platinum‑palladium aggregates. Subsequently potarite was dissolved from the core of many aggregates leaving voids now often filled by secondary anatase (TiO2) containing biophilic elements. The presence of fungal structures associated with the anatase suggests that fungi may have contributed to its formation. For the first time a primary magmatic PGM-particle comprising a mono-crystalline platinum‑palladium-alloy with platinum‑iridium‑osmium inclusions was described from this locality, finally defining a possible primary source for the PGM mineralisation. In conclusion, the formation of modern-day placer gold- and PGM-particles at CBS began 100s of millions of years ago by magmatic and hydrothermal processes. These provided the metal sources for more recent biogeochemical cycling of PGEs and gold that led to the trans/neoformation of gold- and PGM-particles. 相似文献
19.
Delineation of geochemical blocks for undiscovered large ore deposits using deep-penetrating methods in alluvial terrains of eastern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Many large ore deposits have been discovered in eastern China along the Circum-Pacific Rim. However, alluvium, which covers most of the terrain, prevents a complete assessment of the mineralization potential by geological and conventional geochemical approaches. Two deep-penetrating geochemical methods—collection of nanoscale metals in earthgas (NAMEG) and selective leaching of mobile forms of metals in overburden (MOMEO) have been used to investigate the possibility to delineate geochemical blocks generated from large ore deposits buried by alluvial terrains. A wide-spaced sampling was carried out in an area of approximately 250 000 km2 at density of one sample per 400–800 km2. The soil samples were subjected to MOMEO leaching and were analyzed for Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, and Mn by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The earthgas samples were analyzed for 17 elements by INNA. The results show that water-extractable metals by MOMEO processing can give prominent expression to concealed deposits and can delineate large-scale geochemical anomalies in the alluvial terrains. The distribution of gold in earthgas is situated along the largest deep fault systems and the concentration centers distribute in the secondary faults on the both sides of the deep fault systems. 相似文献
20.
Talovina I. V. Lazarenkov V. G. Vorontsova N. I. 《Lithology and Mineral Resources》2003,38(5):403-415
Contents of platinum group elements (PGE) and gold in oxide–silicate nickel ores of the Buruktal and Ufalei deposits are determined. Mineral phases of PGE and Au in ores of the Ufalei deposit are observed as native palladium, Pd-platinum, native platinum, and native gold (fineness 948). 相似文献