首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Ground subsidence triggered by salt mining from deposits located beneath the city of Tuzla (Bosnia and Herzegovina) is one of the major dangers acting on a very densely urbanized area since 1950, when the salt deposit exploitation by means of boreholes began. As demonstrated in this paper, subsidence induced several hazard factors such as severe ground deformations, the arising of deep and superficial fractures and a very fast water table rise, connected with the brine extraction, now affecting several districts. The above mentioned factors have been quantified by the use of geomatic methodologies, including field surveys and analysis of geographical data. In order to estimate the historical sinking rates, authors processed the large (and never before processed) amount of topographical data collected during two periods; from 1956 to 1991, and from 1992 to 2003, with only poor data collected. Afterward, traditional surveys were completely and definitively stopped. The analysis reveals a cumulative subsidence as high as 12 m during the whole period, causing damage to buildings and infrastructures within an area that includes a large portion of the historical town, at present almost entirely destroyed. Modern sinking rates have been monitored with static GPS whereas the presence of superficial fractures monitored with kinematic GPS. Factors related to the presence of deep fractures and water table rise have been evaluated by curvature analysis techniques and piezometric data respectively. Finally, hazard factors have been combined in a risk map using the GIS (Geographical Information System) map algebra capabilities and a simple multicriteria decision analysis (MDA). In order to do that, a vulnerability map has been derived on the basis of information reported on a couple of recently sensed high resolution satellite imageries. The final risk, arisen from the combination of single hazard factors and vulnerability map, highlights critical scenarios and unsuspected threatening that are under consideration by the local decision makers and urban planners. In particular, as highlighted in the final risk map, the present-day water table rise, triggered by the decrease in brine pumping, is seriously posing a threat to a portion of the city which is not the most involved in ground deformations.  相似文献   

2.
This study shows the construction of a hazard map for presumptive ground subsidence around abandoned underground coal mines (AUCMs) at Samcheok City in Korea using an artificial neural network, with a geographic information system (GIS). To evaluate the factors governing ground subsidence, an image database was constructed from a topographical map, geological map, mining tunnel map, global positioning system (GPS) data, land use map, digital elevation model (DEM) data, and borehole data. An attribute database was also constructed by employing field investigations and reinforcement working reports for the existing ground subsidence areas at the study site. Seven major factors controlling ground subsidence were determined from the probability analysis of the existing ground subsidence area. Depth of drift from the mining tunnel map, DEM and slope gradient obtained from the topographical map, groundwater level and permeability from borehole data, geology and land use. These factors were employed by with artificial neural networks to analyze ground subsidence hazard. Each factor’s weight was determined by the back-propagation training method. Then the ground subsidence hazard indices were calculated using the trained back-propagation weights, and the ground subsidence hazard map was created by GIS. Ground subsidence locations were used to verify results of the ground subsidence hazard map and the verification results showed 96.06% accuracy. The verification results exhibited sufficient agreement between the presumptive hazard map and the existing data on ground subsidence area. An erratum to this article can be found at  相似文献   

3.
Global positioning system (GPS) and satellite-based InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) measurements of the subsidence and uplift of a populated area of Sidoarjo, East Java are due to the eruption of the Lusi mud volcano (2006–present). These data are the first direct quantitative measurements of deformation due to the growth of a mud volcano edifice. The GPS data were recorded over periods of a few hours to several months and show that between June 2006 and September 2007, the earth’s surface has been subsiding at rates of 0.1–4 cm/day. Maximum rates of subsidence occurred in an area 300–400 m to the northwest of the main mud volcano vent. Horizontal displacements were 0.03–0.9 cm/day and were also towards this area. In general uplifts of up to 0.09 cm/day were recorded in areas outside of the edifice. Changes in elevation measured using satellite imagery (InSAR technique) provide regional datasets of subsidence and uplift. They confirm that during the first year a roughly circular area was undergoing sag-like subsidence centered to the northwest of the main vent and that uplift was occurring 3–4 months after the initiation of the eruption due to the movement Watukosek fault system. Subsidence occurred due to the weight of mud and man-made dams and the collapse of the overburden due to removal of mud from the subsurface. Assuming constant rates of subsidence of 4 cm/day, then in the centre of the edifice there would be up to 44 m of subsidence in 3 years, and up to 16 m in 10 years. The mud volcano is now in a self-organizing state with new fluid conduits forming as a result of the collapse. An erratum to this article can be found at  相似文献   

4.
Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia with a population of about 9.6 million people, inhabiting an area of about 660 square-km. In the last three decades, urban development of Jakarta has grown very rapidly in the sectors of industry, trade, transportation, real estate, and many others. This exponentially increased urban development introduces several environmental problems. Land subsidence is one of them. The resulted land subsidence will also then affect the urban development plan and process. It has been reported for many years that several places in Jakarta are subsiding at different rates. The leveling surveys, GPS survey methods, and InSAR measurements have been used to study land subsidence in Jakarta, over the period of 1982–2010. In general, it was found that the land subsidence exhibits spatial and temporal variations, with the rates of about 1–15 cm/year. A few locations can have the subsidence rates up to about 20–28 cm/year. There are four different types of land subsidence that can be expected to occur in the Jakarta basin, namely: subsidence due to groundwater extraction, subsidence induced by the load of constructions (i.e., settlement of high compressibility soil), subsidence caused by natural consolidation of alluvial soil, and tectonic subsidence. It was found that the spatial and temporal variations of land subsidence depend on the corresponding variations of groundwater extraction, coupled with the characteristics of sedimentary layers and building loads above it. In general, there is strong relation between land subsidence and urban development activities in Jakarta.  相似文献   

5.
This study constructs a hazard map for ground subsidence around abandoned underground coal mines (AUCMs) at Samcheok City in Korea using a probability (frequency ratio) model, a statistical (logistic regression) model, and a Geographic Information System (GIS). To evaluate the factors related to ground subsidence, an image database was constructed from a topographical map, geological map, mining tunnel map, Global Positioning System (GPS) data, land use map, lineaments, digital elevation model (DEM) data, and borehole data. An attribute database was also constructed from field investigations and reports on the existing ground subsidence areas at the study site. Nine major factors causing ground subsidence were extracted from the probability analysis of the existing ground subsidence area: (1) depth of drift; (2) DEM and slope gradient; (3) groundwater level, permeability, and rock mass rating (RMR); (4) lineaments and geology; and (5) land use. The frequency ratio and logistic regression models were applied to determine each factor’s rating, and the ratings were overlain for ground subsidence hazard mapping. The ground subsidence hazard map was then verified and compared with existing subsidence areas. The verification results showed that the logistic regression model (accuracy of 95.01%) is better in prediction than the frequency ratio model (accuracy of 93.29%). The verification results showed sufficient agreement between the hazard map and the existing data on ground subsidence area. Analysis of ground subsidence with the frequency ratio and logistic regression models suggests that quantitative analysis of ground subsidence near AUCMs is possible.  相似文献   

6.
Land Subsidence of Jakarta (Indonesia) and its Geodetic Monitoring System   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  
Abidin  Hasanuddin Z.  Djaja  Rochman  Darmawan  Dudy  Hadi  Samsul  Akbar  Arifin  Rajiyowiryono  H.  Sudibyo  Y.  Meilano  I.  Kasuma  M. A.  Kahar  J.  Subarya  Cecep 《Natural Hazards》2001,23(2-3):365-387
Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia with a population of about 10 million people, inhabiting an area of about 25 × 25 km. It has been reported for sometime that locations in Jakarta are subsiding at different rates. Up to the present, there has been no comprehensive information about the characteristics and pattern of land subsidence in the Jakarta area. Usually land subsidence in Jakarta is measured using extensometers and ground water level observations, or estimated using geological and hydrological parameters. To give a better picture about land subsidence, geodetic-based monitoring systems utilizing leveling and GPS surveys have also been implemented.The land subsidence characteristics of Jakarta and its surrounding area areinvestigated using data from three repeated leveling surveys performed in1982, 1991, and 1997, and two repeated GPS surveys conducted in 1997and 1999. Leveling surveys detected subsidence up to about 80 cm duringthe period of 1982–1991, and up to about 160 cm during the 1991–1997period; while GPS surveys observed subsidence up to about 20 cm duringthe period of 1997–1999. Comparison with the hydrological data shows thatland subsidence in Jakarta is strongly related to excessive groundwater extraction.  相似文献   

7.
  相似文献   

8.
During 1992–2007, excessive pumping of groundwater caused large-scale aquifer-system compaction and land subsidence in the Choshui River Alluvial Fan, especially in the area of Yunlin county. The subsidence impedes surface-water runoff and endangers the operation of Taiwan High Speed Rail. Leveling, Global Positioning System (GPS), multi-level compaction monitoring well, and Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) are used to study the extent of subsidence in Yunlin and its mechanism. These sensors complement each other in spatial and temporal resolutions. A leveling network totaling 434 km in length was deployed to derive subsidence at every 1.5 km along the routes, and the result is accurate to few mm and shows a basin-like subsidence pattern centering at Tuku Township. Four multi-level compaction monitoring wells, co-located with GPS pillars, detect compactions at different depths, showing that the aquifer-system compaction (the cause of subsidence) occurs mostly below depths >200 m, where reduction of groundwater pumping is most needed. The vertical displacements from GPS and leveling agree to within 1 cm, and are larger than the cumulative compaction detected by the compaction-monitoring wells, suggesting that compaction also occurs below 300 m (the depth of the wells). The vertical displacements derived using DInSAR and 8 ENVISAT SAR images agree with the leveling result to 1–2 cm.  相似文献   

9.
Subsidence has been affecting many cities around the world, such as Nagoya (Japan), Venice (Italy), San Joaquin Valley and Long Beach (California), and Houston (Texas). This phenomenon can be caused by natural processes and/or human activities, including but not limited to carbonate dissolution, extraction of material from mines, soil compaction, and fluid withdrawal. Surface deformation has been an ongoing problem in the Houston Metropolitan area because of the city’s location in a passive margin where faulting and subsidence are common. Most of the previous studies attributed the causes of the surface deformation to four major mechanisms: faulting, soil compaction, salt tectonics, and fluid withdrawal (groundwater withdrawal and hydrocarbon extraction). This work assessed the surface deformation in the greater Houston area and their possible relationship with fluid withdrawal. To achieve this goal, data from three complimentary remote sensing techniques Global Positioning System (GPS), Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar were used. GPS rates for the last 17 years show a change in surface deformation patterns. High rates of subsidence in the northwestern areas (up to ~4 cm/year) and signs of uplift in the southeast are observed (up to 2 mm\year). High rates of subsidence appear to be decreasing. Contrary to previous studies in which the location of subsidence appeared to be expanding toward the northwest, current results show that the area of subsidence is shrinking and migrating toward the northeast. Digital elevation model generated from airborne LiDAR, revealed changes between salt domes and their surrounding areas. The persistent scatterer interferometry was performed using twenty-five (25) European remote sensing-1/2 scenes. Rates of change in groundwater level and hydrocarbon production were calculated using data from 261 observation wells and 658 hydrocarbon wells. A water level decline of 4 m/year was found in area of highest subsidence, this area also show ~70 million m3/year of hydrocarbon extraction. This study found strong correlation between fluid withdrawals and subsidence. Therefore, both groundwater and hydrocarbon withdrawal in northwest Harris County are considered to be the major drivers of the surface deformation.  相似文献   

10.
The town of La Union (SE, Spain) is located within a metal mining area that has been exploited since the Roman period. This historic exploitation has left behind a high concentration of abandoned underground mining galleries. Currently, an industrial area is subsiding due to the collapse of one of these galleries in May 1998. In this paper, an advanced Differential Interferometry SAR (DInSAR) method called the Coherent Pixels Technique (CPT) has been used to study the subsidence phenomena for two time intervals, from January 1998 to December 2000, and from March 2003 to December 2004. DInSAR-derived deformation maps have enabled the detection and monitoring of different deformation processes that affect several locations within the study area. By comparing these results with the underground mining galleries map, a clear relationship between their presence and the subsidence has been proved. Deformation values retrieved with DInSAR between April 2003 and December 2004 have been compared with the topographical leveling network measurements performed in this same period, providing an absolute average difference of 0.7 cm with a standard deviation of 0.5 cm. Results obtained in the city of La Union have shown that the advanced DInSAR technique is able to provide very useful spatial and temporal deformation data for the measurement of small scale subsidence throughout short time periods. This technique has enabled the temporal evolution of the phenomena in the city of La Unión to be studied and understanding of subsidence to be expanded beyond the limits of a deployed topographical control network, in a more cost effective way than classical methods.  相似文献   

11.
On causes and impacts of land subsidence in Bandung Basin, Indonesia   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
The Bandung Basin is a large intra-montane basin surrounded by volcanic highlands, in western Java, Indonesia, inhabited by more than seven million people. The basin, an area of about 2,300 km2, is a highland plateau at approximately 650–700 m above sea level and is surrounded by up to 2,400 m high Late Tertiary and Quaternary volcanic terrain. Based on the results of nine GPS surveys conducted since 2000 up to 2011, it was shown that several locations in the Bandung Basin have experienced land subsidence, with an average rate of about ?8 cm/year and can go up to about ?23 cm/year in certain locations. A hypothesis has been proposed by several studies that land subsidence observed in several locations in the Bandung Basin has been caused mainly by excessive groundwater extraction. It is found that there is a strong correlation between the rates of groundwater level lowering with the GPS-derived rates of land subsidence in several locations in Bandung Basin. The GPS results in this study detected significant subsidence in the textile industry area, where very large volumes of groundwater are usually extracted. The impact of land subsidence in Bandung can be seen in several forms, mainly in the cracking and damage of houses, buildings and infrastructure. Land subsidence also aggravates the flooding in Bandung Basin, which has brought huge economic losses and deteriorated the quality of life and environment in the affected areas.  相似文献   

12.
Peter B. Davies   《Engineering Geology》1989,27(1-4):467-487
Deep-seated salt dissolution and associated subsidence have occurred in many salt-bearing sedimentary basins. Because of its capacity for brea hing the hydrologic integrity of a thick salt unit, the dissolution-subsidence process is a potential hazard requiring thorough assessment at proposed radioative-waste repository sites in bedded salt. In order to develop a better understanding of this potential hazard, a combination of field studies and theoretical analyses are used to delineate the physical processes that control dissolution and subsidence. This information is used, in turn, to develop strategies for assessing this hazard at any given bedded salt repository site.

A generalized hydrogeological model of dissolution has been developed consisting of a salt unit separated from an underlying aquifer by a low-permeability unit. This model suggests that local salt-removal rates can vary over many orders of magnitude, from microns per year to meters per year, depending on the hydrogeologic conditions beneath the salt unit.

Salt deformation is strongly rate-sensitive, so the rate of salt removal strongly influences the structural form of subsidence. Low salt-removal rates produce predominantly ductile subsidence, which is characterized by the gradual formation of a braod shallow depression that is narrower and deeper in successively lower horizons. On the other hand, high salt-removal rates produce predominantly brittle subsidence, which is characterized by the formation of a steep-walled chimney, filled with down-dropped, brecciated rock. Ductile subsidence depressions and brittle subsidence chimneys most likely represent the endpoints of a continuous range of structural forms.

Assessing potential dissolution-subsidence hazards at a given repository site begins with the identification and characterization of existing dissolution-subsidence features in the site area. Studies of existing features should be complemented by an evaluation of the potential for undetected or future dissolution activity, based on the deep hydrogeologic conditions at the site. Potential salt-removal rates predicted by this analysis are then used as an analysis of the structural character and timing of potential subsidence.  相似文献   


13.
Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR), which began operations in January 2007, passes through an area in Yunlin County where the largest cumulative subsidence measured during 1992–2006 exceeds 100 cm. Leveling benchmarks, GPS pillars and multi-level monitoring wells were deployed in this area to collect detailed subsidence data from October 2003 to 2006. Leveling is carried out on both ground benchmarks and survey bolts attached to THSR columns. Minimum constraint solutions of leveling networks produce estimated heights accurate to a few mm. Special attention is paid to code smoothing, ionospheric, tropospheric and ocean tidal loading (OTL) effects, so that height estimates from GPS are optimal. Leveling and GPS-derived height changes are consistent to 1 cm, and show that from Stations 210 to 240K of TSHR, the subsidence is bowl shaped. Measurements of sediment compaction in specific depth intervals at three monitoring wells indicate that most of the subsidence is caused by sediment compaction at depths from 50 to 300 m. The major compaction occurs in the interval 220–300 m and is attributed to ground water withdrawal. Large angular deflections as determined from subsidence measurements are detected at some columns, but are below the upper bound (1/1,000) of tolerance specified in the safety code. With the current subsidence and sediment compaction, no significantly reduced loading capacity of the columns is expected to occur. For a safe THSR operation, subsidence and sediment-compaction monitoring should be continued, and current ground water withdrawal in Yunlin must be reduced or stopped.  相似文献   

14.
Hsieh  Chia-Sheng  Shih  Tian-Yuan  Hu  Jyr-Ching  Tung  Hsin  Huang  Mong-Han  Angelier  Jacques 《Natural Hazards》2011,58(3):1311-1332
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (InSAR) is a geodetic tool widely applied in the studies of earth-surface deformation. This technique has the benefits of high spatial resolution and centimetre-scale accuracy. Differential SAR interferometry (DInSAR) is used to measure ground deformation with repeat-pass SAR images. This study applied DInSAR and persistent scatterers InSAR (PSInSAR) for detecting land subsidence in the Pingtung Plain, southern Taiwan, between 1995 and 2000. In recent years, serious land subsidence occurred along coastal regions of Taiwan as a consequence of over-pumping of underground water. Results of this study revealed that the critical subsidence region is located on the coast near the estuary of Linpien River. It is also found that subsidence was significantly higher during the dry season than the wet season. The maximum annual subsidence rate of the dry season is up to −11.51 cm/year in critical subsidence region and the vertical land movement rate is much slower during the wet season. The average subsidence rates in wet and dry seasons are −0.31 and −3.37 cm/year, respectively. As a result, the subsidence rate in dry seasons is about 3 cm larger than in wet seasons.  相似文献   

15.
Mining in areas with a high phreatic water surface leads to groundwater exposure and the accumulation of the water in the subsidence basin. The calculation of the volume of water is of high importance. This paper analyzes the seasonal or perennial ponding caused by mining in areas with high phreatic water surfaces. With the help of digital elevation model, the estimated groundwater elevation, and the basis of a mining subsidence prediction model, a model of ponding in subsidence areas has been established. Using this model, the amount of mining subsidence ponding in northern Jining has been calculated. Furthermore, the evolution of ponding has been forecasted. Our experimental results indicate that the average depth of the ponding area is projected to be about 3 m after mine closure. The volume of the new perennial ponding is 0.2–2 million m3 per year and it is negligible to the river confluence in Jining. This model helps in the calculation of the amount of water in the subsidence area and the evaluation of the impact of mining subsidence area on the catchment, which would provide a certain basis for the reclamation and protection of water resources in the locality.  相似文献   

16.
In order to overcome the shortage that point-based data acquisition techniques cannot retrieve the whole basin subsidence caused by underground mining, and to avoid complex splicing of terrestrial 3D laser scanner (TLS) point cloud data and the errors caused by such splicing, GPS/TLS combined technology is employed for mining subsidence monitoring. The basic idea of the monitoring technology is put forward. In this article, an application of the method to a coal mining area in China is presented. Support vector machine (SVM) model for GPS level conversion in the mining area is established, and a comparative analysis of SVM, BP neural network and polynomial established local quasi-geoid in the mining area is conducted. Ground surface digital elevation model (DEM) of the mining area is established by using TLS point cloud data, and the ground surface dynamic subsidence basin is obtained through a subtraction of two DEMs. The results indicate that the quasi-geoid established by using SVM model features a relatively high level of stability and accuracy and that the established mining surface DEM and subsidence basin can provide the fundamental data for the reconstruction of ecological environment in the mining area. GPS/TLS combined monitoring technology is a new monitoring technology, which entangles the advantages of both GPS and TLS and could offset their disadvantages, thus obtaining complementary advantages. According to analysis on its application in the mining area, we conclude that the technology is feasible and has a great application prospect for the mining area purposes.  相似文献   

17.
采煤塌陷引起的地裂缝不仅造成地质灾害,还会影响矿区植被的生长发育,破坏矿区生态系统。为深入探讨采煤塌陷裂缝对沙蒿吸水来源的定量影响,在神东矿区活鸡兔井田22312工作面选取了受采煤塌陷裂缝影响程度不同的3个试验区进行同位素标记水模拟降水试验。3个试验区根据沙蒿与裂缝的距离不同划分,其采煤塌陷情况分别为未开采区(试验样地内沙蒿距离裂缝大于50 m)、受采煤塌陷影响但无明显裂缝区(简称无明显裂缝区,试验样地内沙蒿距离裂缝大于5 m)以及裂缝区(试验样地内分布有宽度15 cm左右的裂缝通过,且距离沙蒿0~20 cm)。本次试验选择6株沙蒿作为研究对象,划分6个土壤剖面,采用液态水同位素分析仪LGR和Isoprime 100同位素比值质谱仪IRMS分别计算不同土层土壤水和植物样本木质部水的δ18O和δ2H同位素含量,并利用R脚本的MixSIAR贝叶斯混合模型量化降水后不同土层对沙蒿吸水的贡献,探讨土壤水分补给机制和植物水分来源。结果表明:(1) 裂缝区的优先流比例为18.2%;(2) 在未开采区,沙蒿吸收的59.7%的水分来自10~20 cm的土层;(3) 在无裂缝区,沙蒿主要从40~60 cm土层(46.6%)和0~10 cm土层(39.4%)吸水;(4) 在裂缝区,沙蒿吸收的85.9%的水分主要来自40~60 cm的土层。研究结果对揭示采煤塌陷裂缝区土壤水补给机制以及沙蒿吸水模式具有重要意义。   相似文献   

18.
An active sinkhole around 100 m long has been investigated in the city of Zaragoza (NE Spain). Subsidence activity on this depression, including the sudden occurrence of a collapse sinkhole 5 m across, led to the abandonment of a factory in the 1990s. At the present time, a building with 100 flats and shallow pad foundations partially built on the sinkhole, is affected by rapid differential settlement. The development of the sinkhole results from the karstification of the halite- and glauberite- bearing bedrock and the sagging and collapse of the overlying bedrock and alluvium, more than 30 m thick. GPR and electrical resistivity profiles have provided information on the distribution and geometry of the subsidence structure. The application of the trenching technique and geochronological methods (AMS and OSL dating) has allowed us to infer objective and practical data on the sinkhole including (1) Limits of the subsidence structure, (2) subsidence mechanisms, (3) cumulative subsidence (>408 cm), (4) subsidence rates on specific failure planes (>1.8 cm/year), (5) episodic displacement regime of some fault planes. The available information indicates that the progressive deformation recorded in the building will continue and might be punctuated by events of more rapid displacement. This work illustrates the practicality of the trenching technique for the study of sinkholes in mantled karst areas.  相似文献   

19.
Land subsidence in Tianjin,China   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
Land subsidence has been affecting Tianjin for the past 50 years. It leads to comprehensive detrimental effects on society, the economy and natural environment. Overpumping of groundwater is the main cause. In 2008, the maximum cumulative subsidence reached 3.22 m and the total affected area nearly 8,000 km2. The subsidence reached its most critical state in the early 1980s when it occurred at a rate as high as 110 mm/year. At the same time, groundwater extraction had also reached a maximum of 1,200 million m3. By importing the Luan River to Tianjin and restricting exploitation of groundwater, hydraulic heads gradually recovered after 1986 in all aquifers, and this has continued to the present in the second aquifer. The subsidence rate in urban areas dropped to 10–15 mm/year. The area of groundwater extraction expanded to the suburban area with economic growth in the 1990s, and it was shifted to the third and fourth aquifers. At present, with a subsidence rate of 30–40 mm/year, four new suburban subsidence centers have been formed. Several measures were adopted to mitigate and prevent land subsidence disasters. These included restricting groundwater exploitation, groundwater injection, prohibiting use in the specific zone, a pricing policy for water resources, advocating water-saving technology, and strict enforcement of groundwater laws. Although the subsidence area is still increasing slowly, the subsidence rate is being controlled.  相似文献   

20.
用蒙脱石层间水化状态修正了土壤孔隙率的计算方程,以此建立蒙脱石层间脱水作用所产生的次要地面沉降量的数学表达式,并对无锡石塘湾地面沉降区进行了模拟计算。无锡石塘湾地区因蒙脱石层间释水所产生的次要地面沉降量为39.02 cm,占整个沉降量的19.51%,人工回灌后,次要地面沉降量变为36.04 cm,占整个沉降量的18.02%,表明人工回灌是阻止地面继续沉降的有效措施之一。计算表明,如果蒙脱石残余层间水全部释出,那么无锡石塘湾地区可能有117.39 cm的地面沉降空间。虽然这一结果在真实的外界环境下不可能实现,但对下一步就地面沉降灾害的治理、防治具有一定的警示作用。蒙脱石层间脱水作用及其对地面沉降影响的研究,可能对地面沉降趋势的预测具有启示作用。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号