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塔里木盆地西南地区早白垩世中期(巴列姆期)至晚白垩世早期(赛诺曼—土伦期)的海相性以东西分异为主导,西强东弱,表现为特提斯海水经西部阿莱依海向东扩展,东部处于海侵末端。笔者最近在该盆地南部的皮山地区钻井地层和阿克彻依剖面发现的有孔虫化石,揭示了晚白垩世中—晚期(赛诺—马斯特里赫特期)海水展布及海相性呈现了南北分异的格局,即南部昆仑山前的海相性强于北部天山前,南强北弱。在原来认为处于海水分布几近末端的皮山地区此时出现了以Dentalina、Dentalinoides、Lagena等钙质微孔壳类型为主的有孔虫化石,代表了有一定深度的正常浅海;在阿克彻依剖面则出现包括Hadbergella、Heterohelix、Guembelitria、Conoglobigerina等4属4种浮游有孔虫在内的以钙质微孔壳类型为主有孔虫化石,表明了正常浅海环境。上述化石属种丰富、保存良好,这些证据的发现为重新认识和揭示塔西南盆地这一时期的海相性、海水展布、海流通道等古地理、古构造格局乃至油气资源评价均提供了新材料。 相似文献
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依据渤海湾顶南侧、河北省黄骅北部地区4个钻孔岩芯样品微体古生物学、孢粉地层学研究以及沉积构造与地球化学背景分析,讨论了该地区MIS3阶段以来海侵期与气候期对比、海侵层中潮坪与浅海沉积单元的判别、沉积作用对孢粉和海侵记录的影响。依据海相世系微体生物出现确定的海侵层,可分为滨岸浅海～河口湾、潮坪、泻湖、分支河道、边滩、滨海低地、河间地～洪泛盆地等不同环境;含有孔虫或广盐海相介形类的地层,除了局部河流进积～退积作用,尚不能排除风、水、鸟的搬运,包括风暴潮的影响,并非是与海水体积变化有关的海平面变化;海侵层中的潮坪～浅海沉积单元才与海水深度有关,其他海水之上形成的地层所见海相微体生物,是地壳沉降背景下风暴潮和其他动力搬运的埋葬群,与海面变化无关,甚至仅是在东部沿海大平原构造沉降背景下河口位置向陆地移动的结果;海侵的发生与海域的扩大以及夏季风强度增大,物源区植被状况好转,造成海侵层出现乔木花粉,但是为异地埋藏。一般说来,还原背景下的沉积地层孢粉记录丰富;弱氧化～弱还原背景下的沉积地层孢粉相对较少,但也可能出现孢粉丰富的特例,氧化背景下沉积地层孢粉更稀少,全新世大暖期结束于约5kaB.P.。沉积学研究,包括对同期异相和突发事件沉积作用的理解,对晚第四纪研究是十分重要的。 相似文献
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本文以生物事件的观点论述和探讨了上新统一更新统界线在南海北部的划分。南海北部陆架有跨越上新统一更新统界线的海相地层,其中莺歌海一琼东南盆地的海相第四系厚达2000m左右,是我国除台湾省外研究海相更新统下界的最佳地点。该盆地钻孔中的浮游有孔虫与钙质超微化石群的垂向序列,与意大利Vrica上新统一更新统界线国际层型剖面可以对比,得出1.64Ma的界线值,但在界线上下岩性和化石群均无明显变化,难以在实践中使用。相反,界线下的Globorotalia multicamerata sensu lato末现面上下,浮游有孔虫占有孔虫全群的比例和壳体保存状况发生剧变,地震剖面上亦显示下削上超的接触关系,代表着大约2.00—2.50Ma前一个重要的沉积间断面,此面还可追索到珠江口盆地和北部湾盆地。西太平洋等地海相地层中与此期相应也有明显的沉积环境变化。为此,建议以此面作为划分南海北部上新统一更新统的界线。 相似文献
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在第四纪海陆过渡相环境研究中,有没有能够确定古盐度的定量标志?本文作者针对中国东部第四纪海陆过渡相地层中常见的两种有孔虫Ammonia beccarii(Linne)vars.和Protelphidium glabrum(Ho, Hu et K. Wang)进行现代样品的碳同位素分析。在现代样品研究的基础上,确定了碳同位素与盐度存在线性关系,运用这一结果于第四纪几个钻孔样,并综合有孔虫化石群其他特征,推导古环境特点。 相似文献
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在第四纪海陆过渡相环境研究中,有没有能够确定古盐度的定量标志?本文作者针对中国东部第四纪海陆过渡相地层中常见的两种有孔虫Ammonia beccarii(Linne)vars.和Protelphidium glabrum(Ho, Hu et K. Wang)进行现代样品的碳同位素分析。在现代样品研究的基础上,确定了碳同位素与盐度存在线性关系,运用这一结果于第四纪几个钻孔样,并综合有孔虫化石群其他特征,推导古环境特点。 相似文献
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王世杰 《中国地球化学学报》1996,15(2):105-112
By using the improved trace(50μg) Sr isotope analytical method the ^87Sr/^86Sr ratios of Xiaodukou foraminifera fossils were measured,giving a range of 0.71105-0.71274,apparently higher than the value of contemporaneous seawater(0.709087-0.709147)and also slightly higher than the average value of modern Yellow River(0.7111),demonstrating that the contemporaneous environment where Xiaodukou foraminifera inhabited was an inland lake.Detailed analyses of △ Sr values showed that there occurred an event responsible for environmental changes in the ancient Nihewan Lake area during the time(about 1.0Ma ago)when Xiaodukou foraminifera appeared.Because of strong evaporation the salinity of the lake would increase and a regional salt-water of brackish-water lacustrine environment would be produced,thus providing a suitable and inhabitable environment for foraminiferae.It is concluded that Xiaodukou foraminiferal fossil assemblaes belong to non-marine foraminiferal species. 相似文献
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从有孔虫分析西藏南部白垩纪海平面升降 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
白垩纪是地质历史中的最大海侵时期。海平面的升降改变了海洋的物理、化学及生物因素,从而影响了有孔虫的演化与发展。根据对有孔虫丰度、分异度及演化类型的研究,认为西藏白垩纪最大海侵时期形成于赛诺曼期与土仑期的界线附近。此后海平面总的处于下降趋势,只是在康尼亚克期至三冬期海平面又有回升。马斯特里赫特末期有孔虫的大量灭绝反映了白垩纪与第三纪界线事件的影响。 相似文献
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1975年我们报道了泥河湾盆地怀来及蔚县境内发现半咸水有孔虫化石,当时认为它们的层位可能属第四系上部,后来进一步工作证实应是泥河湾组上部沉积。1977年我们对华北平原第四纪海进海退现象作了初步报道,认为华北平原在早更新世时发生过海进(渤海海进),并引用陈方吉在北京东南发现海相介形虫资料,说明早更新世渤海海进时海水曾经到达这一地区。1978年李鼎容等在北京市顺义县早更新世地层中发现大量有孔虫化石。进一步证实北京地区早更新世确曾发生过海进,使我们解释怀来及蔚县所发现的半咸水有孔虫来源,有更多证据。这一发现,对于北京地区第四纪地层划分对比、新构造运动判别和古地理恢复有重大意义。 相似文献
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Benthic foraminifera, preserved in the Late Cretaceous organic carbon-rich sediments of Gamba, southern Tibet, provide high-resolution proxies for sea-level changes and dissolved oxygen fluctuations of southeastern Tethys. The fossils were statistically analyzed and divided into three faunas of "Cenomanian fauna", "Turonian fauna", and "Coniacian fauna". A middle neritic-upper bathal environment (50-250m) was estimated considering the ratios of planktonic and epifaunal benthic foraminifera (P/(P+E)), the morphological analysis according to the studies of recent foraminifera and the abundant distributions of depth-related species such as Alabamina creta, Laevidentalina sp., Praebulimina spp., Pleurostomella cf. naranjoensis, Pyrulina sp., Quinqueloculina spp., Haplophragmoides spp., etc. The result shows an almost parallel trend with the global transgressive and regressive cycles, but the former fluctuates more frequently at upper Cenomanian, which probably indicates tectonic instability of the continental margin. According to the benthic foraminiferal richness (BFN), Shannon-Weiner diversity (H(s)), as well as benthic foraminiferal oxygen index (BFOI), five periods of oxygen depleted conditions (dysoxic-anoxic) have been recognized. They correspond to the OAE2, the lower Turonian, the upper Turonian, the Turonian-Caniacian boundary event and the probably OAE3. In addition, the oxygen fluctuations in Gamba might be controlled directly by sea-level changes, while the paleoproductivity and oxygen conditions interacted with each other under oxygen deficiency environments. 相似文献
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WanXiaoqiao SiJialiang 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2004,15(1):46-54
An Upper Cretaceous black-gray-red bed sequence was deposited in the Tethys-Himalayan Sea where abundant foraminifera, especially planktons, were yielded. In the shallow shelf to the upper slope on the north margin of Indian plate was recorded an extinction-recovery-radiation cycle of foraminiferal fauna highly sensitive to paleoceanographical changes. The black unit, consisting of the Late Cenomanian-earliest Turonian beds, displays a major extinction, with keeled planktonic and many benthic species as the principal victims at the end of the Cenomanian when existed only low diversity, sin-face water-dwelling foraminifera. The gray unit spans a long-term recovery interval from the Turonian to the early Santonian with keeled planktonic foraminifera returning stepwise to the water colunm. The planktonic biota in the red unit, extremely abundant, indicate a biotic radiation during the Late Santonian and the Early Campanian, implying that the high oxygen levels had returned to all the oceanic depth levels,and that the water stratification disappeared, followed by the radiation of all depth-dwellers. The variation on foraminiferal faunas from the whole sequence refers to the extreme warm climate that appeared in the Middle Cretaceous and to the declined temperature toward the late epoch. Substantial deposits for this warming and cooling zones represent the black shales in the Middle Cretaceous and the red beds in the later period of the southern Tibet. The change in the foraminiferal composition corresponded to the formation of dysaerobic facies and to the development of high-oxidized circumstances. 相似文献
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青藏高原中部岩石圈结构及地球动力学的天然地震学研究研究生吕庆田导师管志宁（应用地球物理系北京１０００８３）青藏高原的隆升和地壳缩短被普遍认为是印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞的结果,然而对隆升和地壳缩短的机制和动力学过程仍不清楚。已提出的动力学模式可分为３类：... 相似文献