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软弱夹层的渗流、应力耦合作用是影响滑坡体稳定性的主要因素。为正确评价含软弱夹层的大野坪滑坡体的整体稳定性,基于Biot固结微分方程,采用虚位移原理,按照Goodman单元的形成格式,引入Desai单元控制嵌入的思想,构造了二维4节点耦合薄层单元,给出了能够模拟滑坡体蠕变特性的弹黏塑性本构模型,编制了相应的有限元程序,并用孔压实测数据检验了程序的正确性。同时,对大野坪滑坡体处于正常蓄水位和水位骤降两种工况的渗流场、应力场进行了非线性有限元耦合分析。结果表明：正常蓄水位,滑坡体处于稳定状态;而水位骤降工况,使滑坡体中前部孔隙水压力、位移、剪应力水平等均有大幅度地提高,塑性区沿着软弱夹层向上也有较大发展,致使滑坡体有可能沿着软弱夹层在中前部发生局部折线滑动,对滑坡体的稳定性极为不利。最后,采用刚体极限平衡法,对耦合分析的结果进行校核,两者结论一致。该研究成果为全面评价淋溪河水电站建设的可行性提供了重要的理论依据,建立耦合单元研究软弱夹层耦合特性的方法,为其他含软弱夹层的滑坡体的稳定性评价提供了有益的借鉴。 相似文献
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Concrete-faced rockfill dams (CFRD) are widely used in large-scale hydraulic projects. The face slab, the key seepage-proof structure of great concern, has a strong interaction with the neighboring gravel cushion layer due to a significant difference in their stiffness. An elasto-plasticity damage interface element, a numerical format of the EPDI model, is described for numerical analysis of a CFRD that can trace the separation and re-contact between the face slab and the cushion layer at the interface. As verified by simulating slide block and direct shear interface tests, this element was confirmed to capture effectively the primary monotonic and cyclic behaviors of the interface. This element can easily be extended to the finite element method (FEM) programs that involve the Goodman interface element. The analysis of a typical CFRD showed that the interface model describes a significant effect on the stress response of the face slab under different conditions, including dam construction, water storage, and earthquake. Treatments of the cushion layer, such as an asphalt layer, changed the behavior of the interface between it and the face slab, which resulted in a significant effect on the stress response of the face slab. The top of the face slab exhibited a significant separation from the cushion layer during construction, induced mainly by construction of the neighboring dam body. 相似文献
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大多数的岩土工程问题都会涉及到岩土体-结构之间的相互作用,它们之间界面的合理模拟对计算结果有重要的影响。目前常用的Goodman节理单元、Desai薄层单元等虽然简单好用,但也存在着明显的缺陷。相比之下,作为接触问题计算,可更为合理地模拟接触面的力学行为。针对变形体-刚体这种特殊的接触问题,应用变形体的虚功原理建立了相应的虚功方程,在此基础上得出有限元计算公式,并建立了弹塑性接触问题有限元计算的实现方法。通过对刚性条形基础基底压力分布和刚性挡墙土压力分布等算例的计算,验证了该法的正确性和求解工程问题的有效性。 相似文献
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自然单元法(NEM)是较近出现的一种无网格方法,其形函数兼有无网格的特点和传统有限元的优点,是一种理想的适合岩土工程问题计算的新型数值方法。介绍了自然单元法的基本原理和特性,并讨论了其在岩土工程中的具体应用。将Goodman单元引入自然单元法以实现对不连续面的模拟,研究表明,在NEM中加入节理单元的总体原则和具体的实施细节与FEM中完全相同;而在一般的无网格方法中,则稍微复杂一点。为了实现对岩土工程中常见的无限域或半无限域问题的模拟,引入了无界单元;由于自然单元法的特性,自然单元法和无界元可实现无缝“耦合”。具体的数值算例验证了上述思路。 相似文献
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用有限单元法分析超长单桩的荷载传递 总被引：19，自引：6，他引：13
用描述桩侧摩阻力与桩-土相对位移关系的指数函数,推导出桩-土接触面本构模型,并设置了Goodman接触面单元来分析桩土相互作用。针对超长桩钢筋混凝土受应力大的特点,用混凝土的弹性非线性模型来分析受轴向荷载下钢筋混凝土的应力应变关系。编制的有限元程序能解决层状土及层状土导致沿桩身不同位置处桩-土相互作用不同特性,并针对工程实例桩变截面的特点,采用合理的计算手段使得按等截面桩计算分析结果与按实际变截面桩计算分析结果相同。用此程序对一工程实例进行了计算分析,计算结果与静载试验实测值较符合。 相似文献
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旋喷群桩复合地基承载特性的数值分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
旋喷桩加固软土地基在各种地基处理工程中得到了广泛应用。对旋喷桩的研究多数集中在其施工工艺的改进上,或者针对单桩的承载特性进行研究,而对旋喷群桩的承载特性则研究不多。根据工程实际情况,采用基于MIDAS-GTS的三维有限元分析技术,通过改变旋喷群桩的布置方式、桩弹性模量、桩长、桩径、桩距等设计参数及桩-土接触面等参数对旋喷群桩复合地基承载特性的影响进行了研究。研究表明：旋喷桩加固软土地基主要减小了地表至桩底深度范围内土体的竖向沉降,对桩底下方的土体沉降基本无影响;提高旋喷桩桩径及材料强度会提高复合地基承载能力;不同旋喷桩布置方式、桩-土之间是否设置Goodman接触面单元对地基承载能力基本无影响。 相似文献
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This work addresses an enrichment technique for the three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis of a vertical drain foundation because (1) 1D and 2D simulations are insufficient to integrally describe the consolidation behaviour and (2) drains are small both in spacing and size, resulting in enormous computational costs for a traditional 3D FE analysis. Based on the idea of the semi-analytical finite element method (FEM), which combines general FEM with the high accuracy of a closed-form solution, a new spatial element that contains a drain well and its neighbouring smear zone is presented. This new combined element is depicted by eight global independent nodes and two local dependent nodes, and a classical analytical theory is introduced to set up the relationship between the two kinds of nodes. Because permeability diversity between the drain and the smear zone is considered, both the effects of smearing and well resistance are taken into account with the composite element method (CEM). A detailed derivation of the CEM is performed using the weighted residual method. The accuracy of the proposed method is validated with a totally penetrating, single-drain ground analysis for seven calculation conditions. Additionally, the proposed CEM saves 1/4–1/2 mesh elements and helps to avoid slender elements for the FEM analysis of the drained foundation. 相似文献
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乌东德水电站位于长江上游的金沙江,其土石围堰高74 m,河床砂卵石覆盖层厚70 m,上下游水头差达151 m,且设计在下游侧堰脚开挖70 m深的基坑,拟采用高86 m的混凝土防渗墙上接复合土工膜防渗。对该高水头下深厚覆盖层高土石围堰的应力变形特征进行了非线性有限元分析,模拟了堰体填筑、蓄水、下游侧降水与基坑开挖的过程,采用无厚度Goodman单元模拟堰体与防渗墙间的接触面。应力与变形分析的结果表明围堰的设计方案是可行的。此外,研究了覆盖层与围堰填料的参数,防渗墙的材料、厚度与墙底沉渣等因素的影响,对设计方案提出了建议。 相似文献
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This paper describes a particular formulation of the extended finite element method (XFEM) specifically conceived for application to existing discontinuities of fixed location, for instance, in geological media. The formulation is based on two nonstandard assumptions: (1) the use of sub-interpolation functions for each subdomain and (2) the use of fictitious displacement variables on the nodes across the discontinuity (instead of the more traditional jump variables). Thanks to the first of those assumptions, the proposed XFEM formulation may be shown to be equivalent to the standard finite element method with zero-thickness interface elements for the discontinuities (FEM+z). The said equivalence is theoretically proven for the case of quadrangular elements cut in two quadrangles by the discontinuity, and only approximate for other types of intersections of quadrangular or triangular elements, in which the XFEM formulation corresponds to a kinematically restricted version of the corresponding interface plus continuum scheme. The proposed XFEM formulation with sub-interpolation, also helps improving spurious oscillations of the results obtained with natural interpolation functions when the discontinuity runs skew to the mesh. A possible explanation for these oscillations is provided, which also explains the improvement observed with sub-interpolation. The paper also discusses the oscillations observed in the numerical results when some nodes are too close to the discontinuity and proposes the remedy of moving those nodes onto the discontinuity itself. All the aspects discussed are illustrated with some examples of application, the results of which are compared with closed-form analytical solutions or to existing XFEM results from the literature. 相似文献
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The finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM) are two well established numerical methods used for the analysis of underground openings. The advantages of both the methods are utilized by adopting FEBEM in which finite elements are coupled with boundary elements. A coupling procedure is presented in this paper. In using FEBEM, the effect of the location of interface boundary between finite element and boundary element regions, effect of Poisson's ratio and effect of stress ratio are discussed. It is shown that Poisson's ratio and stress ratio have significant effect on the accuracy of the results. Different discretization schemes are discussed to study their effect on accuracy and computation time. The use of different material properties in the FE region is presented. A comparative study is made with FEM for all the cases. It is shown that use of FEBEM is more advantageous than FEM. 相似文献
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数值流形方法在P型自适应分析中的初探 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将数值流形方法应用于P型自适应分析，推导单元不同阶次的位移函数及其单元刚度矩阵表达式，引入了对应情况下的节理单元及其刚度矩阵，编制了计算程序，数值算例表明该算法可行。 相似文献
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This paper is intended to give some information about how to build a model necessary for bending analysis of rectangular and circular plates resting on a two‐parameter elastic foundation, subjected to combined loading and permitting various types of boundary conditions. The formulation of the problem takes into account the shear deformation of the plate and the surrounding interaction effect outside the plate. The numerical model based on an 18‐node zero‐thickness isoparametric interface element interacting with a thick Reissner–Mindlin plate element with three degrees of freedom at each of the nine nodes, which enforce C0 continuity requirements for the displacements and rotations of the midsurface, is proposed. Stiffness matrices of a special interface element are superimposed on the global stiffness matrix to represent the stiffening elastic foundation under and beyond the plate. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate the advantages of the method presented. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The slide line approach is combined with the finite element method to represent the action of a removable block on a lined tunnel. The present paper examines the strength and ductility required of the tunnel liner to resist the forces imposed by a block when the surrounding rock mass is subjected to explosive loading. Key block theory developed by Goodman and Shi provides the conceptual framework for simplifying a general jointed domain to a manageable size for analysis with finite element models. 相似文献
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赵晓博 《物探化探计算技术》2011,33(5):517-521,463
利用Delaunay三角化这种网格非结构化方法。通过编程实现了二维模型的非结构化三角形网格剖分,并编写了中心回线法瞬变电磁2．5维有限元正演程序。与前人计算结果对比,在取得相同计算精度的情况下,与结构化网格相比,非结构化网格所需网格和节点数量大大减少,计算效率更高。通过将非结构化网格法引入到瞬变电磁2．5维正演模拟中,实现了对复杂二维地电模型的有限元数值模拟,提高了现有有限元算法的应用范围。 相似文献
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建立了求解自然裂纹和水力裂纹扩展的扩展有限元法,对裂纹附近区域的节点采用广义形函数,并采用线增函数消除混合单元,以提高裂纹附近的精度。引入水力劈裂的非耦合模型,即假设裂纹中的水压力为均布力;用砂浆法（线段-线段接触法）结合增广型拉格朗日乘子法处理受压裂纹段的接触条件。并通过算例分析了以下内容：计算了受压裂纹和裂纹面分布均布水压力的水力裂纹的应力强度因子,并与解析解进行了比较,结果表明,提出的方法具有很高的精度;模拟了水力裂纹对自然裂纹面的影响,并分析了自然裂纹面上的接触力和接触状态。 相似文献
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为研究筋土界面细观结构演化并定量评价格栅摩擦特性对加筋性能的影响,建立三维离散元模型,运用“clump”较真实地模拟了三向格栅的增强型节点。通过分析拉拔荷载下界面内颗粒及筋材的力学响应,并将其与前人模型试验及理论分析结果进行对比,验证了文中模型的准确性,得出了局部孔隙率以及配位数等细观参数的变化规律。分析格栅表面摩擦系数参数发现,表观黏聚力与摩擦系数具有正相关性,当摩擦系数达到一定值时摩擦角不再增长。统计结果表明,宏观上界面强度提高可归因于细观上的组构优化。分析筋土界面采用的方法和所得的结果可为加筋土结构机制分析提供新的认识。 相似文献