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1.
永平卓潘碱性杂岩体是三江特提斯新生代钾质岩浆带重要组成部分,位于兰坪盆地西缘。岩石类型主要为正长辉石岩、辉石正长岩、正长岩以及少量霞石正长岩。岩石化学性质显示高碱、高K_2O/Na_2O比值、低TiO_2和高Al_2O_3的特征。岩体微量元素显示富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSE)元素,特别是"Ta-Nb-Ti"负异常更明显,具有典型俯冲带岩浆的特征。稀土总含量都比较高,LREE富集,HLEE相对亏损,Eu负异常不明显或无Eu负异常,(La/Yb)_N值较大介于38.2～80.3之间。对卓潘岩体的正长岩和正长辉石岩2个样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,年龄分别为33.40±0.38Ma和34.22±0.33Ma。正长辉石岩εHf(t)值介于-10.6～-4.3之间,二阶段模式年龄在1356～1759Ma之间。卓潘碱性杂岩体不同岩性的稀土元素配分曲线和微量元素原始地幔标准化图解基本一致,表明卓潘碱性杂岩体不同类型的岩石是同源岩浆演化的产物。岩体的Nb/U均值为2.95介于俯冲带流体和全球俯冲沉积物之间以及岩体微量元素明显亏损高场强元素Ti、Nb、Ta,稀土元素表现为轻稀土富集、无或弱的负Ce和负Eu异常,暗示了岩浆源区存在俯冲的洋壳或陆壳沉积物的流体或熔融体与岩石圈地幔的交代富集作用。岩浆源区经历晚石炭世-晚二叠世(305～250Ma)古特提斯昌宁-孟连洋和古特提斯金沙江-哀牢山洋双向俯冲,岩石圈地幔发生富集作用并形成富钾的交代岩石圈地幔。在新生代,新特提斯洋岩石圈从印度大陆岩石圈断离,引发交代富集大陆岩石圈地幔拆沉,热的软流圈上涌,熔融交代的富钾岩石圈地幔,岩浆侵位分异形成卓潘岩体。  相似文献   

2.
夏斌  林清茶  张玉泉 《地质学报》2006,80(8):1189-1196
青藏高原东部新生代钾质碱性系列的岩石,包括深成岩、火山岩和煌斑岩,在时空上具有一致性,岩石化学成分均富碱、高钾、K2O/Na2O比值远大于1,高度富集Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素(HFSE),及物质来源于富集地幔源区的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素组成等,均显示钾质碱性系列的岩石特有的特征,其形成与印度和欧亚两大陆碰撞,导致青藏高原北、东部在40Ma左右出现的大型走滑拉分带,致使地壳变薄以及地幔上拱的构造背景有关。  相似文献   

3.
滇西丽江地区新生代富碱斑岩位于滇西“三江”褶皱造山带与扬子板块西南缘结合部位,岩石类型多样,可分为碱性岩和碱性花岗岩,前者主要有正长斑岩、正长岩及粗面斑岩;后者主要包括花岗斑岩、二长花岗斑岩及石英二长斑岩。锆石LA ICP MS U Pb定年研究确定区内斑岩结晶年龄为346～371 Ma,侵位于始新世晚期。碱性岩石的SiO2含量为5454%～6770%,K2O＞Na2O,具有钾玄岩的特征;碱性花岗岩的SiO2含量为6716%～7066%,K2O＜Na2O,具有高钾钙碱性的特征。两类岩石都具有富碱(Na2O+K2O=703%～1170%)和准铝质—弱过铝质(A/CNK=064～115)的特征。富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(Sr、Ba、K、Pb等),相对亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti等),且具有高Sr、Sr/Y和La/Yb比值及低Y、Yb和镁值(Mg#＜05),表明区内斑岩兼具钾玄质岩石和埃达克质岩石的特征。综合研究认为,区内斑岩形成于印度－亚洲大陆碰撞造山的后碰撞阶段,其形成与减压熔融及幔源岩浆底侵促使增厚下地壳底部岩石发生部分熔融有关,是青藏高原东南缘构造转换带对主碰撞带造山作用过程的岩浆事件响应,进而分析确认本区具有斑岩-热液型金多金属矿床的找矿潜力,为深入认识丽江地区构造-岩浆-成矿作用提供了重要约束。  相似文献   

4.
北祁连山中段北大坂岩体成因及构造环境讨论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
运用岩石学的研究方法对出露于北祁连造山带中段北大坂一带的北大坂岩体进行岩石及元素分析结果表明:其岩性为斑状粗粒二长花岗岩、粗中粒二长花岗岩及中细粒二长花岗岩,含少量黑云母、角闪石及榍石,属钾质钙碱性花岗岩类;主量元素w(SiO2)=63.66%～74.38%,w(K2O)/w(Na2O)=2.61～3.31,总体为高钾钙碱性弱过铝质花岗岩,岩石富集LILE元素(Rb,Th,K等),亏损HFSE元素(Y,Yb,Ta,Nb等),稀土元素分配模式为轻稀土富集型,具中等负Eu异常(δEu=0.59～0.82)。微量、稀土元素分配模式与北祁连西段的金佛寺岩体(碰撞型花岗岩)基本一致。单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为414Ma±4Ma,综合分析认为北大坂岩体形成于同碰撞末-后碰撞初期的构造转换期,岩浆源区为下地壳。  相似文献   

5.
段友强  张正伟  杨晓勇 《岩石学报》2015,31(7):1995-2008
张士英岩体位于华北克拉通南缘,岩体主要由石英正长岩组成。石英正长岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为122.8±1.5Ma。其Si O2含量为66.04%~67.80%,Na2O+K2O=9.03%~10.97%,K2O=4.40%~6.37%,K2O/Na2O1属于钾质长英质岩石。A/CNK=1.26~1.58,A/NK=1.63~1.79属于过铝质岩石系列。石英正长岩的Mg#变化范围在12.9~39.4。富集LREE亏损HREE,轻重稀土分异明显,(La/Yb)N=15.48~21.12,Eu呈弱的负异常(δEu=0.54~0.99)。富集Rb、K、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素。张士英石英正长岩岩浆锆石εHf(t)集中在-17.6~-13.9,Hf两阶段模式年龄tDM2集中在1.7~1.9Ga。石英正长岩的岩浆Zr饱和温度高(936~998℃)。地球化学及同位素显示张士英石英正长岩源区主要为古老的壳源物质,并有少量年轻组分加入,这种年轻组分是幔源物质。岩体形成于拉张性构造环境下,拉张性的环境导致了幔源物质的上涌,底侵下地壳使其发生部分熔融。形成时代正好位于华北克拉通破坏峰期,张士英石英正长岩正是这一地质事件的响应。  相似文献   

6.
闽西南地区中生代花岗闪长质岩石的特征及其构造演化   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  
闽西南地区中生代存在两期花岗闪长质岩石 ,其形成年龄分别为 183～ 16 2Ma和 10 8～10 5Ma。花岗闪长质岩石K2 O +Na2 O >6 .0 % ,晚期花岗闪长岩相对富K2 O ,均属板内高钾钙碱型岩石。岩石富LREE和LILE ,δEu =0 .80～ 0 .86 ,Nb、Ta、Ti、Y亏损 ,具有岛弧 /活动大陆边缘钙碱性岩石的特征 ,指示源区性质很可能与受到早期俯冲作用所改造的岩石圈富集地幔有关 ,或是源于软流圈的基性岩浆与地壳物质混合作用的结果。闽西南地区可能自早中生代以来存在多期次的岩石圈强烈伸展减薄作用 ,幔源岩浆与中下地壳物质部分熔融形成的花岗质岩浆的混合形成了闽西南钾质岩石。随扩张增强 ,晚中生代花岗闪长质岩石中幔源组分增加  相似文献   

7.
研究区红石泉位于龙首山成矿带西部,本次研究对区内正长岩进行系统的元素地球化学和年代学分析测试,理清其岩石成因,探讨其构造意义.结果 显示,红石泉正长岩样品的w(SiO2)为57.15％～65.03％,w(Al2O3)为14.31％～18.46％,相对高钾w(K2O)=4.55％～11.30％和富碱w(K2O+ Na2O)=10.48％～13.10％,K2O/Na2O比值为0.64～4.22,可归类为准铝质高钾碱性系列.岩石相对富集Rb,Th等大离子亲石元素与轻稀土,相对亏损Nb,Ta,P和Ti等高场强元素与重稀土,Eu(均值0.66)呈轻微负异常.锆石U-Pb定年指示其结晶年龄为416.00±0.17 Ma(MSWD=0.88).综合分析认为,红石泉正长岩的形成与壳幔岩浆混合作用密切相关.晚志留纪至早泥盆纪时,祁连—柴达木板块和阿拉善板块的碰撞造山作用进入后碰撞伸展阶段,地幔岩浆的底侵作用诱发了地壳熔融,从而形成壳源岩浆,而幔源岩浆与壳源岩浆的混合作用形成了红石泉正长岩的母岩浆.  相似文献   

8.
托斯巴斯陶闪长岩体位于东噶尔北缘老山口铁铜金矿区内.岩石化学成分均富碱ω(Na2O+K2O)=6.68%~9.57%,高钾,大多数样品K2O/Na2O=1.12~1.31,富集Ba,Sr,Th,U,Pb等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损Nb,Ta,P和Ti,Eu异常不明显(δEu=0.87~1.09),显示准铝质钾玄质碱性系列岩石特征.母岩浆来源于受钾质流体交代的幔源基性岩浆与花岗质岩浆混合物,演化过程中经角闪石与辉石分离结晶作用,其形成与板块俯冲作用有关,并对老山口铁铜金矿的形成具一定贡献.  相似文献   

9.
越南西北部Pu Sam Cap高钾碱性杂岩位于哀牢山剪切带南段西侧,由粗面岩、煌斑岩、碱性正长岩与碱性花岗岩组成。其中粗面岩不整合于晚白垩世陆相沉积岩之上,碱性侵入岩侵入到三叠纪陆源沉积岩、侏罗纪流纹岩及40～35Ma含角闪石二长岩-花岗岩中。该杂岩的岩石具有低TiO2(0.8%)、P2O5(0.64%)和FeO*(7.74%),高Na2O(1.41%～4.5%)和K2O(5.22%～9.4%)的地球化学属性,属于高钾碱性玄武质到高钾碱性长英质岩浆岩类型与钾质至超钾质岩浆系列。这套岩石富集大离子亲石元素LILE、轻稀土元素LREE和一组相容元素,具有明显的Ta、Nb和Ti异常,表明Pu Sam Cap高钾碱性杂岩形成于与俯冲带有关的大陆弧和后碰撞弧构造环境。锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年代学研究表明碱性正长岩与碱性花岗岩分别形成于32.70±0.24Ma、35.1±0.06Ma,上述年龄代表了Pu Sam Cap高钾碱性杂岩的侵入岩结晶年龄。两个样品中锆石的εHf(t)变化范围分别为-2.8～2.5和-4.9～0.1,在t-εHf(t)相关图上分析点落在下地壳和亏损地幔演化线之间,两阶段模式年龄变化范围为950～1286Ma和1107～1421Ma。该杂岩的εNd(t)变化范围-5.63～-3.26,具有低143Nd/144Nd比值(0.512336～0.512447)和高87Sr/86Sr比值(0.706254～0.707273),Sr-Nd同位素相关图上接近于EM2地幔端元趋势线,与大理地区新生代高钾岩浆岩十分相似,表明PuSamCap高钾碱性杂岩的岩浆是幔源岩浆和壳源岩浆的混合结果,同时可与大理地区新生代高钾岩浆岩对比,它们形成于哀牢山-红河左行走滑活动之前,墨江古特提斯洋盆的消减与印度-欧亚陆陆碰撞活动提供了宏观区域性构造背景。  相似文献   

10.
湘东南中生代花岗闪长质小岩体的岩石地球化学特征   总被引：58，自引：15，他引：58  
湘东南花岗闪长质岩石以高K2O/Na2O,K2O+Na2O>6.0%为特征,属高钾钙碱性系列岩石,其形成主要受部分熔融作用制约;岩石稀土元素富集,铕负异常不明显,δEu=0.71～0.89;富集大离子亲石元素,Nb-Ta亏损,P、Ti或亏损或不亏损,具岛弧型岩浆作用微量元素分配模式,属板内钾质岩石,源区可能存在早期俯冲组分改造的岩石圈富集地幔组分,或是源于软流圈的岩浆与中下地壳混合作用的产物;其形成与该带中生代早期岩石圈的伸展-减薄作用有关。  相似文献   

11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete.  相似文献   

12.
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation.  相似文献   

13.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

14.
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area.  相似文献   

15.
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。  相似文献   

16.
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17.
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological (i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates) controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were <20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is lost to sediments.  相似文献   

18.
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。  相似文献   

19.
海南大坡岩体位于五指山褶皱带内,主要受昌江—琼海构造带、琼西构造带与潭爷断陷构造带控制.岩石地球化学及岩石学研究表明,大坡岩体形成于海西-印支晚期,岩性单一,主要为中细粒似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩.岩体显示为Ⅰ型花岗岩与S型花岗岩的混合,主体以地壳物质部分熔融为主,形成过程有少量地幔物质加入.元素对的比值及稀土元素配分特征说明岩体钨锡等多金属含矿性可能较差.  相似文献   

20.
岑巩县羊桥乡罗家塘杷榔组仅出露中-上部地层,岩性单一,均为青灰、灰绿色粉砂质泥、页岩.在其上部层位发现了俞氏贵州始海百合(Guizhoueocrinus yui Zhao,Parsley et Peng,2007),计有棘皮动物始海百合、腕足动物、软体动物-软舌螺、节肢动物-三叶虫等8属9种,包括了2个未定名的新种和1...  相似文献   

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