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膨胀岩（土）病害是一种特殊的工程地质现象,文章通过对广西军体校膨胀岩山体滑坡的整治经验进行总结,探讨其成因机理,提出对整治设计的一些看法。 相似文献
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某高速公路膨胀土路堑边坡在支护完成后不久即发生了滑坡,通过对滑坡过程和工勘察资料的分析及不同强度参数下的边坡稳定性计算,阐明该滑坡形成的原因,对膨胀土滑坡的防护和整治提出建议. 相似文献
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以安康市区某膨胀土滑坡治理工程为例,通过现场勘查、数值模拟、经验分析等手段,对该典型膨胀土滑坡的形成机制和稳定性进行分析并提出治理措施。结果表明:滑坡体所处位置的不良地质条件及地形地貌是其发生滑动的基本条件,排水系统的损坏失效是灾害发生的重要条件,季节性的强降雨是滑动发生的激发因素。在滑坡成因分析和数值模拟的基础上提出该膨胀土滑坡的治理方案,通过桩板墙的强支护结合坡面+坡体排水系统能够有效地对膨胀土滑坡进行根治。结果表明治理效果良好。 相似文献
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膨胀土是具有较大胀缩变形能力的特殊性粘土，膨胀土斜坡地区极易发生滑坡等地质灾害，本文根据安康汉江二号桥南侧滑坡勘察资料，较全面地介绍了该膨胀土滑坡特征，为滑坡根治提供了充分的地质依据。 相似文献
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膨胀土具有强胀缩性,吸水极易膨胀软化,失水急剧收缩硬裂,这种胀缩性给工程结构造成很大危害。采用稻壳灰（rice husk ash,RHA）和高炉矿渣（ground granulated blast-furnace slag,GGBS）作为固化剂对膨胀土进行稳定化,通过击实试验、无侧限抗压强度试验、直剪试验、加州承载比（California bearing ratio,CBR）试验、膨胀试验、扫描电镜试验和X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction,XRD）试验,研究了固化后膨胀土的力学强度、膨胀特性变化规律及微观机制。试验结果表明：在不同配比和掺量的固化土中,稻壳灰-矿渣为6:4配比和10%掺量固化土无侧限抗压强度最大;稻壳灰-矿渣（RHA-GGBS,RG）可降低膨胀土轴向变形,提高抗剪强度,随着固化剂掺量增加,固化土黏聚力先增大后减小,内摩擦角逐渐增大;与未处理的膨胀土相比,掺稻壳灰-矿渣固化土CBR值最高可提高至7.9倍,路基土的力学强度得到了显著改善。稻壳灰-矿渣可明显改善膨胀土的膨胀率,减小膨胀力,无荷膨胀率最多可从11.4%下降到0.5%,有荷膨胀率最多可从1.1%趋于0... 相似文献
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水的作用是诱使滑坡产生的主要原因之一。本文首先分析了水对膨胀土边坡稳定性的影响，然后论述了非饱和土强度理论与膨胀土滑坡的内在联系，最后探讨膨胀土滑坡中针对水的影响应采取的工程措施。 相似文献
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膨胀土是一种具有显著的吸水膨胀和失水收缩特性的特殊黏性土,暴露于大气中的膨胀土边坡处于连续的干湿循环过程中,在降雨条件下极不稳定。基于饱和-非饱和渗流理论,对降雨条件下膨胀土边坡的非饱和渗流过程和吸湿过程进行了数值模拟。编写了相应的FORTRAN语言程序,考虑了渗流过程中基质吸力变化、渗流软化和吸湿膨胀的影响,分析了强度衰减、渗流软化和湿胀对膨胀土边坡整体稳定性的影响。结果表明,在降雨作用下,经过多次干湿循环后,膨胀土边坡的破坏模式为浅层牵引式崩塌,破坏面位于风化区,与普通黏性土边坡的深层圆弧滑坡有较大区别。在考虑湿胀软化效应后,边坡最大位移增大了一个数量级,稳定性系数显著降低,膨胀性是边坡浅层滑坡的主要原因。研究结果较好地解释了膨胀土滑坡特有的牵引性、反复滑动性和浅层破坏性。 相似文献
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膨胀土在不同约束状态下的试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用环刀取样，在不同约束压力下进行膨胀力和膨胀率试验，发现约束压力对膨胀土膨胀性有很大的影响，且压力越大，膨胀性越小。在此基础上，还设计了膨胀土的3种不同约束状态下的试验：（1）土样周围与上下端都有约束；（2）土样周围与下端约束而上端自由；（3）土样周围约束而两端自由。试验结果表明，不同的约束状态对膨胀土的含水率、密度、孔隙比和抗剪强度等物理力学性质指标有显著影响，且两端无约束的膨胀土吸水膨胀后，含水率接近其液限，膨胀土最容易沿无约束面发生膨胀变形。试验结果对膨胀土的治理具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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The influence of type and amount of clays present in soils on their properties is well understood. The clays exert their influence through large specific surface area and charges on them. Their effect is mostly exhibited through inter particle bonding and subsequent particle associations. The mineralogical influence of soils in water is well documented. However, the change in soil water system because of presence some of the contaminants can greatly influence the soil behaviour. Some of the changes are due to formation of new compounds due to interactions between the soil and pollutant. The paper reports the effect of interaction of kaolinite mineral with alkali on the index properties of soils from which the geotechnical behaviour can be understood. Detailed X-ray diffraction studies have shown that sodium aluminum silicate hydroxide hydrate (NASH) is formed by clay alkali reactions. The type and amount of formation of the compound is influenced by the concentration of alkali solution. While the compound formed is in smaller quantities with 1 N NaOH solution, significantly high quantity is formed with 4 N NaOH solution. Presence of alumina is shown to play a significant role. It was observed that the formation of sodium aluminum silicate hydroxide hydrate is reduced in the presence of alumina. Specific gravity of contaminated clay soil was reduced which confirms the formation of new compounds. Water adsorption and specific surface area of soil are also influenced due to soil alkali interaction. The changes in the free swell and index properties of soil in the presence of alkali have been explained by the changes in soil fabric and the formation of new compound. 相似文献
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Amar Deep Regmi Kohki Yoshida Megh Raj Dhital Biswajeet Pradhan 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(6):2711-2727
Sangrumba landslide is one of the largest and the most active landslides in Nepal Himalaya. Geologically the landslide belongs to the Higher Himalaya and consists of Pre-Cambrian biotite–garnet and sillimanite gneiss with some quartzite. The present paper aims at describing various degrees of rock weathering and their effect in Sangrumba landslide. Field study followed by mineralogical, geochemical and geotechnical analyses of the collected rock and soil samples from the landslide zone were used in characterizing weathering degree. The gneisses are intensely weathered while quartzite is unweathered. Petrographical and X-ray diffraction analyses showed that the rocks in the landslide zone had undergone weathering process with the formation of different types of clay minerals as kaolinite, vermiculite, smectite and chlorite. This was further confirmed by the Scan Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray analyses. These clay minerals drastically reduced the rock strength facilitating the extensive failure of the Sangrumba landslide. The major and trace element composition of the rock and soil samples was calculated from the XRF analyses. The geochemical analyses and weathering indexes of rocks showed that they are significantly weathered and had a major influence in the formation of the Sangrumba landslide. In addition, mechanical strength measurement of rock/soil showed that the strength drastically decreases as the weathering intensity increases. Rainfall followed by the rock type are the most dominant parameters influencing the weathering process which leads to the formation of large landslide as the present one. These findings can be used in other areas with similar geological and topographical conditions. 相似文献
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离子土固化剂加固滑坡滑带土的试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究开发快速经济和行之有效的滑坡治理方法与理论, 一直是各国滑坡防治研究工作的重点.本试验研究使用一种经济适用的离子土固化剂(Ionic Soil Stabilizer, 简称ISS) 对提高滑带土的抗剪强度进行了探索.滑带土首先通过ISS不同配比水溶液的处理, 然后进行阿太堡试验、剪切试验、固结试验和自由膨胀率试验.试验结果表明: 滑坡滑带土在加入离子土固化剂后, 土的塑性指数降低, 粘聚力提高, 孔隙比和自由膨胀率减小.其机理为: 在以粘性土为主的滑带土中加入离子土固化剂, 通过物理化学原理, 它能取代吸附在粘土表面的可交换性阳离子, 改变粘土颗粒表面的双电层结构, 减小结合水膜厚度, 将滑带土的亲水性改为憎水性, 从而提高滑带土的抗剪强度. 相似文献
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Gyo-Cheol Jeong Kyeong-Su Kim Chang-Oh Choo Jong-Tae Kim Man-Il Kim 《Natural Hazards》2011,59(1):347-365
Landslides induced by debris flow have been discussed in relation to the geotechnical properties of soil developed on bedrock,
together with an emphasis on the importance of mineralogy comprising precursor soils. Three areas composed of different types
of geology were compared to relate landslide with soil compositions: Precambrian gneiss (Jangheung area), Jurassic granite
(Sangju area), and Tertiary sedimentary rocks composed of shale and mudstone (Pohang area) in Korea. X-ray diffraction for
mineral identification and quantitative analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope for observation of microtexture, and laser
size analysis for very fine particles ranging from micrometer were performed, with conventional measurements of particle size,
porosity, density, permeability, and consistency for the soils. Soils at landslide sites containing a large amount of finer
particles have higher uniformity and gradation coefficients, but lower consistency than those at non-landslide sites. Landslide
areas are characterized by higher porosity and lower density. Soil from the gneiss area shows a high plasticity index while
that of mudstone has high water content. Main clay minerals contained in soils of the sites where landslides took place are
illite, chlorite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite. Mineralogical information on the constituents and microtexture of soils
aids in better understanding the causes and patterns of landslide, together with mechanical properties of soils. 相似文献
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滑坡体水-岩(土)作用是一种复杂的物理化学综合作用,影响坡体的稳定性,但关于目前水-岩(土)相互作用对地质灾害发生方面的影响研究仍较为薄弱。以贵州省鸡场滑坡为研究对象,分析滑坡区岩土体矿物组成和化学成分特征,结合区域内基岩裂隙水、大气降水的成分变化,利用主成分分析方法,研究鸡场滑坡水-岩(土)作用过程,并分析水岩演化作用对滑坡稳定性的影响。结果表明：(1)滑体内玄武岩的风化过程是一种机械破碎-矿物蚀变耦合的水-岩相互作用,发生在“微观-细观-宏观”3种尺度上;(2)选取前3个因子Z1、Z2、Z3(分别占总方差的49.365%、27.135%、15.092%)分析地下水的化学特征,主因子Z1反映了玄武岩原生矿物的溶蚀作用对地下水化学成分的控制作用,主因子Z2反映了地下水的蒸发作用与SiO2溶解度随pH变化的矿物沉淀作用,主因子Z3反映了地下水与岩(土)体间存在离子交换作用且主参与离子为Mg2+和K+ 相似文献
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丁家坡滑坡位于云阳县黄石镇中湾村,对拟建的云阳—开州（云开）高速公路安全具有潜在的威胁。为了查明丁家坡滑坡特征,开展了野外工程地质测绘、钻探与试验测试,采用Geo-studio完全耦合计算模式分析了不同降雨工况下滑坡渗流场、应力场、位移场的变化,考察了基质吸力在滑坡稳定性评价中的作用,并计算了不同降雨历时、降雨强度下滑坡的稳定性系数。结果表明:（1）丁家坡滑坡的斜坡地形、松散的岩性、潜在的临空面等因素决定了滑坡的形成与发育,坡体渗透性较好,降雨作用激励滑坡的变形,目前该滑坡处于蠕滑阶段;（2）降雨入渗后,坡体孔隙水压力增加,基质吸力减小,有效应力和抗剪强度降低,在土-岩界面形成剪应力集中,产生应变和位移,滑坡变形破坏;（3）高强度短历时的降雨使坡体浅层迅速饱和,易形成浅层滑,低强度长历时的降雨使坡体浸润较深,易造成深部滑动,其潜在滑动面主要为土-岩界面;（4）在非饱和状态下土体基质吸力对滑坡的稳定性具有重要影响;（5）目前滑坡处于基本稳定状态,一旦发生降雨,滑坡稳定性将降低,降雨历时越久、降雨强度越大,滑坡越易失稳。相对于滑坡Ⅱ区,滑坡Ⅰ区对云开高速公路安全的影响更大,应该重点对滑坡Ⅰ区进行防护治理。该研究可为工程设计、施工及滑坡的预警预报提供依据。 相似文献
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大型复杂滑坡受断裂构造的水力补给作用,常发育丰富的地下水。断裂构造水力补给主要受区域水文地质条件控制,具有水质、水量较为稳定等特点,对滑坡稳定性影响巨大且具有长期性。目前,有关断裂构造对滑坡的水力补给作用的研究成果较少,缺乏断裂构造对滑坡水力补给作用类型、形成条件等共性规律的系统性研究。本文通过分析研究国内断裂构造水力补给滑坡的典型实例,根据断裂构造的分布位置、力学性质及其对滑坡地下水的补给方式和水力联系等,将断裂构造对滑坡的水力补给类型划分为边界补给型、滑床补给型及复合型3种类型,分析了地下水对滑坡的4种作用机理——滑带孔隙水压力增高、滑床承压水顶托、滑带黏土矿物遇水膨胀及滑带化学溶蚀。研究成果对于揭示滑坡地下水运移规律、定量评价地下水对滑坡的作用及合理确定地下截排水设计等具有重要指导价值。 相似文献
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以山西某大型煤矿工业场地滑坡勘察与治理工程为例,分析了地下采矿对古滑坡稳定性的影响及复活机理:即采动变形降低了滑坡体土层的力学强度; 采动拉裂缝为地表水和雨水的下渗提供了渗透路径,导致滑带土发生软化; 滑坡前缘的采空移动变形对滑坡体起着牵引作用。采用工程地质测绘、钻探、物探及实时GPS监测系统等综合手段确定了滑坡周界、滑动面及滑动主方向与变形速率; 根据滑坡的空间形态、物质结构及变形特征对该滑坡体在空间上分区、剖面上分级,并据此设计了分区治理、分级支挡和留设地下抗滑煤柱等的滑坡治理方案。监测资料表明,经治理后的滑坡处于稳定状态。 相似文献
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以国道G316线安康至汉阴段K25膨胀土公路滑坡为例,介绍了滑坡的地质环境条件,阐述了该膨胀土公路滑坡的形态、滑面滑床特征和变形特征以及气象水文、地形地貌和人类工程活动等,内外营力对该滑坡的影响。采用非饱和土强度理论,对滑坡的形成过程和机理进行了详细分析,得出开挖路堑是该滑坡产生的直接原因。其形成过程及机理为:开挖—非饱和滑带土浸水软化,抗剪强度降低或丧失—坡面隆起、坡顶开裂和坡脚剪切破坏—剪切破坏区向上发展与后缘张裂隙贯通—滑面贯通、滑坡产生。 相似文献