共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
安徽南部侏罗至白垩纪屯溪盆地位于NE向中下扬子火山岩带和NNE向中国东南部火山岩带的交接部位,其火山岩的年代学和成因研究可以提供华南晚中生代构造演化的信息。4个火山岩样品的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其岩石地球化学数据指示屯溪盆地发育两期火山岩:早期火山岩形成于156~152 Ma,为中、高钾钙碱性系列,稀土元素分布型式为轻稀土元素富集的右倾型,铕负异常不明显,富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ti、P;晚期火山岩形成于136~130 Ma,具有双峰式火山岩特征,其酸性组分属中钾钙碱性系列,稀土元素分布型式为右倾斜的"V"型,铕负异常明显,同样具有富集轻稀土元素、大离子亲石元素及亏损高场强元素Nb、Ti、P的特征。皖南屯溪盆地晚侏罗世-早白垩世火山活动类似于中国东南部火山岩带。结合前人资料,认为屯溪盆地晚侏罗世火山岩形成于挤压构造环境,而早白垩世火山岩形成于伸展环境,其成因与晚侏罗至早白垩世古太平洋板块俯冲角度变化和俯冲板片后撤作用有关。 相似文献
2.
藏北双湖地区海西期和印支期火山岩均以夹层形式产于海相沉积岩层中.海西期火山岩高度富集轻稀土元素和明显富集Rb、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素与Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素,无Nb、Ta、Ti亏损等特点,表明其具有大陆裂谷碱性玄武岩和洋岛碱性玄武岩的特征;以其不相容元素比值,相当于Gough岛EMⅠ OIB型洋岛玄武岩,其构造环境判别图进一步印证了海西期火山岩形成于洋岛碱性玄武岩环境.印支期火山岩贫轻稀土元素和Rb、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素,相对贫Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素;但Nb、Ta并不亏损以及稀土配分曲线较平缓等特点,表明其具有大陆裂谷拉斑玄武岩特征;其微量元素、稀土元素的丰度及曲线特征可以与确定环境的红海88GTV岩样、东非大裂谷B10C岩样的丰度及曲线特征相类比,且构造环境判别图也共同印证了印支期火山岩形成于类似红海-东非裂谷型的大陆裂谷,初始洋盆的环境. 相似文献
3.
羌塘东部治多县直根尕卡一带二叠纪栖霞期火山岩主要由中基性火山碎屑岩及熔岩组成,火山岩地球化学研究表明,其主元素表现为高TiO_2和低TiO_2两种特征,球粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式为LREE富集型.MORB标准化的微量元素配分型式为大洋隆起型,显示岩浆形成于板内裂谷构造环境.Sr、Nd、Pb同位素地球化学研究表明火山岩显示明显的亏损地幔源区特征.综合研究表明直根尕卡一带二叠纪栖霞期火山岩形成于大陆边缘拉张构造(或陆缘始裂谷)环境,岩浆起源于地幔,属地幔柱作用的产物. 相似文献
4.
大兴安岭中生代双峰式火山岩的地球化学特征 总被引：79，自引：4，他引：79
大兴安岭中生代火山岩的主要活动时期为晚侏罗世至早白垩世，由碱性系列玄武岩和亚碱性系列玄武岩以及伴生的中酸性火山岩组成。它们与邻区俄罗斯和蒙古同时期火山岩构成面形展布的巨型火山岩带。碱性系列玄武岩高度富集不相容元素，其富集程度类似于板内碱性系列玄武岩，但明显亏损Nb和Ta等高场强元素这一点又类似于活动大陆边缘火山弧或岛弧钙碱性玄武岩。亚碱性系列玄武岩适度富集不相容元素而强烈亏损高场强元素的特征类似于活动大陆边缘火山弧或岛弧火山岩，其中低钾玄武岩类似于拉斑玄武岩。大兴安岭酸性火山岩根据地球化学特征可划分为高Sr流纹岩类和低Sr流纹岩类。前者富集Ti、Ba、Sr、Co和Ni而贫Rb、Zr和Th等强不相容元素，类似于大陆溢流玄武岩省分异作用形成的流纹岩；后者明显富集不相容元素Rb、Zr和Th而亏损Ti、Ba、Sr和Co，它们与碱性系列玄武岩之间形成类似于大陆裂谷环境的双峰式火山岩组合。亚碱性系列玄武岩与高Sr流纹岩的成因关系类似于大陆伸张环境的双峰式火山岩，但前者形成从基性到酸性的连续演化系列，并没有形成Daly成分间断。这表明大兴安岭火山岩在源区及其原始岩浆的性质上明显区别于世界大陆溢流玄武岩省。也就是说，大陆溢流玄武岩省的双峰模式起源于干岩浆体系，这种岩浆分异形成的中性岩浆由于其教度大于玄武岩、挥发分含量低于流纹岩而未能喷出地表。大兴安岭富含水的原始岩浆使分异形成的中性熔岩被挥发分过饱和，导致中性熔岩的爆炸性喷发。 相似文献
5.
青海鄂拉山地区陆相火山岩地球化学特征及构造环境 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鄂拉山岩浆岩带晚三叠世火山岩为中-中酸性火山岩组合,由玄武安山岩、安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩及少量火山碎屑岩等组成,岩石蚀变强烈,成层性差,柱状节理发育,具典型的陆相喷发特点.火山岩属铝饱和类型,里特曼指数(δ)及岩石学等显示具钙碱性特征, (FeO/MgO)、K2 O/Na2O显示可能具有陆缘岛弧环境的特性;轻稀土元素分馏程度高且富集,δEu小于1,为弱负异常,稀土元素配分模式曲线与岛弧型稀土元素配分模式图相似;微量元素Rb、Ba、Th等元素明显富集,而Ti、Y、Yb、Sc、Cr等元素较亏损.Nb/Zr、La/Nb、Th/Ta、Th×Ta/Hf2等特征反映鄂拉山组火山岩产于陆缘火山弧环境.结合区域地质背景、岩石地球化学及构造环境等特征,认为鄂拉山地区晚三叠世火山岩产于大陆碰撞与陆缘弧并存的环境. 相似文献
6.
7.
酒西盆地南缘旱峡早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征及其构造意义 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
酒西盆地旱峡和红柳峡等地有基性火山岩产出,它们曾一度被认为是新生代构造运动的产物。旱峡火山岩作为夹层产于早白垩世新民堡群下沟组地层中,火山岩气孔、杏仁构造发育。局部发育枕状构造,具明显的水下喷发特征。旱峡火山岩SiO2相对较低,K2O+Na2O不高,但钾相对较高。稀土总量为(211．875～237．454)×10^-6,轻稀土富集,(La/Yb)N为12．47—13．79;稀土配分曲线右倾、平滑,Ce为弱的负有异常,无Eu异常。在原始地幔标准化的微量元素蛛网图上,各元素均表现为相对富集,大离子亲石元素富集程度最高．有Nb,Ta槽,但相对于原始地幔不亏损;曲线表现为整体上隆的特征,表明其源区为富集地幔。旱峡火山岩与红柳峡粗玄质熔岩的稀土和微量元素的配分模式几乎完全相同,表明它们同源同期：运用多个玄武岩大地构造环境判别图解,最终确定洒西盆地早白垩世火山岩形成于大陆拉张环境。这与酒西盆地及其周围地区(酒泉盆地群)下白垩统构造特征和盆地群热演化特征一致。对酒西盆地火山岩形成构造背景的研究,对于深化酒西盆地构造演化特征有较为重要的意义。 相似文献
8.
新疆西天山艾肯达坂组火山岩的岩石学和稀土元素的地球化学等研究证明，本区火山岩由基性火山岩和中性火山岩组成，火山岩均属于钙碱性系列，二者均具有低钾、富钠的特点。这些火山岩的稀土元素配分曲线均属于轻稀土富集型，明显地表现为轻稀土元素配分曲线陡倾，而重稀土元素配分曲线相对平坦的特征。这些岩石学和地球化学的特征证明本区火山岩形成于裂谷环境。 相似文献
9.
浙西北萧山—诸暨地区晚侏罗世末期花岗(石英)闪长岩与早白垩世末期(辉石)闪长岩具有以下地球化学特征:低硅、贫碱、富钙镁铁,弱负铕异常,稀土配分曲线右倾,富集K,Rb,Ba,Th,U等,亏损Nb,Ta等,Sr,Ti亏损不明显。晚侏罗世末期花岗岩与早白垩世末期花岗(斑)岩均具有高硅、富碱、贫钙镁,强负铕异常的特征;晚侏罗世侵入岩具"V"型稀土配分曲线,强富集K,Rb,Th,U等,相对富集Nb,Ta,强亏损Ba,Sr,Ti等特征;早白垩世侵入岩具右倾稀土配分曲线,富集K,Rb,Th,U等,亏损Nb,Ta,Sr,Ti,Ba不亏损等特征。岩石构造地球化学图解分析表明,晚侏罗世末期I-A型花岗岩类成岩构造环境具有从俯冲挤压碰撞作用向后碰撞或后造山作用演化的特征;早白垩世末期(高分异)I型花岗岩类岩石主要与火山-次火山喷发-侵入作用关系密切,成岩构造环境主要与区域伸展作用有关。 相似文献
10.
南秦岭元古宙板内火山作用特征及构造意义 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18
南秦岭元古宙火山岩主要由两大类岩石构成，一类为SiO245%-57%的基性火山岩系，另一类为SiO267%-78%的酸性火山岩系，主要岩石类型为细碧岩、玄武岩和石英角班岩、流纹岩。基性火山岩整体上属拉斑玄武岩系列，酸性火山岩属钙碱系列。火山岩强烈富集稀土元素，尤其是轻稀土元素，酸性火山岩和基性火山岩有相似的稀土元素特征，显示了源区特征的不同。基性火山岩富集强不相容元素，相对亏损Nb和Ti, 成于大陆裂谷环境，具有大陆拉斑玄武岩的特征。同位素特征表明基性火山作用与地幔柱活动密切相关。南秦岭的中、晚元古代大陆拉张及由古地幔柱活动所引发的陆裂火山岩浆活动是古秦岭洋打开的先兆。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
13.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
14.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
15.
Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
16.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
20.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献