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1.
鲁西沂南金场夕卡岩型金铜矿床矿化时代与成矿流体研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
沂南金场金铜矿床是鲁西地区夕卡岩型矿床的典型代表,矿床产于燕山期中酸性杂岩体与新太古界-寒武系地层的内外接触带附近,受岩浆岩、地层岩性以及构造的复合控制。由石榴子石和透辉石构成了早夕卡岩阶段矿物组合,而绿帘石+磁铁矿+镜铁矿±透闪石±阳起石±石英构成了晚夕卡岩-磁铁矿阶段矿物组合。利用早夕卡岩期黑云母以及晚夕卡岩期与碳酸盐伴生的黑云母样品进行单颗粒云母超低本底Rb-Sr等时线测试,分别获得了133±6Ma和128±2Ma年龄数据,它们与金场岩体的形成时间十分一致,说明该矿床与侵入体有密切的成因联系。流体包裹体研究表明,沂南金场金铜矿床各成矿阶段矿石中的流体包裹体主要有四种类型:含子矿物三相包裹体、富气包裹体、H2O-CO2包裹体和气液两相包裹体。从早夕卡岩阶段石榴石捕获的含子矿物包裹体中获得了很高的均一温度(530～570℃)和盐度(39.9%～60.4%)值,而晚夕卡岩阶段透辉石中含子矿物包裹体也显示较高的均一温度(451～580℃)和盐度(39.3%～60.7%)值。石英-硫化物阶段石英中包裹体均一温度分为两个区间,分别为320～450℃和108～291℃。石榴石内含子矿物包裹体,其子矿物可能为赤铁矿或磁铁矿,结合该矿床的矿石矿物组成特征,沂南金场为岩浆热液流体形成的氧化型夕卡岩金铜矿床。 相似文献
2.
新疆阿尔泰塔拉特铁铅锌矿床流体包裹体研究及矿床成因 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
塔拉特铁铅锌矿位于新疆阿尔泰造山带南缘的阿巴宫多金属成矿带,矿体赋存于克兰盆地下泥盆统康布铁堡组中,为一套海相中酸性火山岩-火山碎屑岩、陆源碎屑沉积岩-碳酸盐岩建造,脉状矿体受阿巴宫大断裂次级断裂控制.根据矿物组合和脉体穿插关系,塔拉特铁铅锌矿可分为4个成矿阶段:矽卡岩,氧化物,硫化物和碳酸盐阶段,后3个阶段均有石英共生.其中,硫化物(方铅矿-闪锌矿±磁黄铁矿±黄铜矿)阶段是铅锌成矿的主要阶段.不同阶段石英中广泛发育流体包裹体,可分为水溶液包裹体(W型)、纯CO2包裹体(PC型)、CO2-NaCl-H2O包裹体(C型)及含子矿物多相包裹体(S型)4类.冷热台显微测温和激光拉曼分析表明,氧化物阶段石英含有4种类型的包裹体,以W型为主,C型和S型包裹体次之,包裹体均一温度介于271～ 426℃,W型和C型盐度范围0.5％～22.4％ NaCleqv,S型包裹体盐度30.5％ ～40.6％ NaCleqv;硫化物阶段的石英流体包裹体为W型、C型和PC型,均一温度为204 ～ 269℃,盐度介于0.2％～15.6％ NaCleqv之间;碳酸盐阶段的矿物只含W型包裹体,均一温度集中在175～211℃之间,盐度为1.1％ ～9.9％ NaCleqv.利用C型包裹体对硫化物阶段成矿压力估算,得到107 ～ 171MPa,对应深度为4～6km.塔拉特铁铅锌矿初始成矿流体具有高温、高盐度、富CO2的特征,但碳酸盐阶段低盐度、贫CO2,流体不混溶和混合作用导致了成矿物质的沉淀.塔拉特铁铅锌矿的地质和成矿流体特征显示其为碰撞造山体制形成的矽卡岩型成矿系统. 相似文献
3.
地堡那木岗铜(金)矿床位于西藏多龙矿集区,探明储量达大型规模;矿床的成矿过程分为岩浆作用阶段、钾长石-硫化物阶段、石英-多金属硫化物阶段、碳酸盐-黄铁矿阶段和氧化作用阶段,其中石英-多金属硫化物阶段和碳酸盐-黄铁矿阶段为主要成矿阶段;为查明成矿流体特征,确定矿床成因类型,对取自深部矿石中的碳酸盐脉(均为碳酸盐-黄铁矿成矿阶段含黄铁矿黄铜矿石英脉)开展流体包裹体的岩相学观察和显微测温分析。分析结果表明,上述矿物中主要发育富液相、富气相和含子矿物三相包裹体。其中,富液相包裹体的均一温度与盐度分别为:t=80~600℃、w(NaCl,eq)=4.48%~18.79%;富气相包裹体的均一温度和盐度分别为:t=240~560℃、w(NaCl,eq)=5.09%~9.73%;含子矿物三相包裹体的均一温度与盐度分别为:t=240~560℃、w(NaCl,eq)=36%~72%。综合分析认为,地堡那木岗铜(金)矿床成矿流体发生了强烈的沸腾作用,流体沸腾作用是该矿床的重要成矿机制。通过与国内外典型斑岩型矿床与高硫化型浅成低温热液矿床的流体包裹体特征进行对比,其与斑岩型矿床的中高温、高盐度流体特征相似。因此,推测地堡那木岗矿床的成因类型为斑岩型铜(金)矿床。 相似文献
4.
河南省新县姚冲钼矿床流体包裹体研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
河南省新县姚冲钼矿床产于大别造山带,属于陆-陆碰撞体制的斑岩型矿床,其流体成矿过程可以分为早、中、晚三个阶段,分别以石英+钾长石±黄铁矿±磁铁矿、石英±钾长石+辉钼矿±其他硫化物和石英±碳酸盐±萤石组合为标志.热液石英和萤石中发育纯CO2包裹体(PC型)、CO2-H2O型包裹体(C型)、水溶液包裹体(W型)和含子晶多相包裹体(S型).早阶段石英中发育纯CO2包裹体、CO2-H2O型包裹体和含子晶多相包裹体,中阶段的石英则发育CO2-H2O型包裹体、水溶液包裹体和含子晶多相包裹体,在晚阶段的无矿石英脉中发育水溶液包裹体和少量的CO2-H2O型包裹体,石英-碳酸盐-(萤石)脉石英与萤石中只发育水溶液包裹体.早阶段流体包裹体的均一温度为277～ 380℃,集中于300～ 360℃,盐度变化于3.0％～10.3％ NaCleqv之间.中阶段包裹体均一温度介于185 ～ 351℃之间,集中在260～ 320℃,盐度介于2.4％ ～9.3％NaCleqv;晚阶段包裹体均一温度为139 ～245℃,盐度介于0.7％ ～6.3％ NaCleqv之间.中阶段多相包裹体中常见黄铜矿和其他透明子矿物,表明流体具有还原性、过饱和的特征,是矿石矿物沉淀的主要阶段.估算早、中阶段流体捕获压力分别集中于47 ～ 131MPa和26 ～118MPa,所对应的成矿深度分别约为4.7km和2.6～4.2km.上述流体包裹体的研究表明姚冲钼矿床的初始成矿流体具有高温、高盐度、富CO2的特征,同时预测了深部找矿潜能. 相似文献
5.
小于赞金矿床是产于新疆西天山也列莫顿盆地的浅成低温热液型金矿床,赋存于晚古生代大哈拉军山组火山岩中。矿石类型主要为蚀变岩型和石英脉型,主要发育硅化、黄铁绢英岩化、伊利石化、青磐岩化蚀变。流体成矿过程可分为3个阶段,分别为石英黄铁矿、石英玉髓黄铁矿和石英方解石黄铁矿阶段。小于赞金矿床流体包裹体类型单一,主要为水溶液包裹体,可分为纯液相水溶液包裹体(PL类)、富液相水溶液包裹体(L类)和富气相水溶液包裹体(V类)。石英黄铁矿阶段包裹体均一温度集中于130~190 ℃,盐度w(NaCleqv.)为0.2%~8.0%;石英玉髓黄铁矿阶段均一温度介于115~161 ℃,盐度w(NaCleqv.)为0.7%~3.4%;石英方解石黄铁矿阶段均一温度介于110~138 ℃,盐度w(NaCleqv.)为0.2%~3.4%。鉴于赋矿角砾凝灰岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为(353.8±1.8) Ma,且被下石炭统阿恰勒河组不整合覆盖,故可将小于赞金矿床的成矿时代限定在(353.8±1.8) Ma至早石炭世维宪期。锆石εHf(t)变化范围为+4.1~+8.4,平均值+6.1,两阶段Hf模式年龄tDM2变化范围为822~1 095 Ma,指示该区岩浆演化过程中有少量地幔物质的加入。综合考量矿床地质特征、流体包裹体特征和成矿时代,认为小于赞矿床为早石炭世低硫型浅成低温热液型金矿。 相似文献
6.
云南羊拉铜矿床位于金沙江构造带中部,是中-晚三叠世金沙江洋盆向西俯冲闭合碰撞造山过程中形成的一个大型铜矿床。矿体多呈层状、似层状顺层产出,但明显受层间破碎带和滑脱带控制。从流体包裹体研究入手,讨论了该矿床成矿流体的特征、演化以及流体不混溶(沸腾)作用与成矿的关系。流体包裹体研究表明,干夕卡岩阶段(Ⅰ)、湿夕卡岩磁铁矿阶段(Ⅱ)、石英硫化物阶段(Ⅲ)以及方解石硫化物阶段(Ⅳ)中发育多种类型的包裹体,主要为气液水两相包裹体和含子矿物多相包裹体,纯液相水包裹体次之,少见纯气相有机质包裹体。其中,含子矿物多相包裹体发育于Ⅰ阶段石榴石、Ⅱ阶段绿帘石,尤其是Ⅲ阶段石英中。Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段成矿流体具有高温、高盐度特征,均一温度分别为413~593 ℃和336~498 ℃,盐度分别为19.1%~49.7% NaCleq和15.7%~53.3% NaCleq;Ⅲ阶段成矿流体均一温度为148~398 ℃,并具有低盐度(2.1%~9.6% NaCleq)与高盐度(35.5%~65.3% NaCleq)共存的特征;Ⅳ阶段成矿流体具有低温(132~179 ℃)、低盐度(3.4%~10.4% NaCleq)特征。根据流体包裹体的微观特征并结合矿区的宏观地质特征,认为流体不混溶(沸腾)是导致本矿区金属沉淀成矿的主要机制。 相似文献
7.
十五里桥金矿床位于上黑龙江Au（Cu-Mo）成矿带内,上黑龙江盆地南缘、腰站断陷北缘与二十二站隆起南缘交接地带. 矿床可划分为4个成矿阶段：Ⅰ—脉状黄铁矿-石英阶段;Ⅱ—浸染状黄铁矿±黄铜矿-石英阶段;Ⅲ—浸染状黄铁矿±黄铜矿±闪锌矿±方铅矿-石英阶段;Ⅳ—少硫化物-碳酸盐阶段. 其中多金属硫化物-石英阶段为主成矿阶段. 流体包裹体研究表明,Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段发育富气相和富液相型流体包裹体,Ⅱ阶段流体发生不混溶,均一温度介于283~394 ℃之间,盐度介于2.56%~7.99%（NaCl当量,质量分数）之间;Ⅲ阶段均一温度介于251~298 ℃,盐度介于2.56%~5.09%（NaCl当量,质量分数）,属于简单的NaCl-H2O体系. H-O同位素指示成矿流体主要为大气降水;S同位素指示成矿物质主要来自深源岩浆硫. 十五里桥金矿床为火山岩容矿的浅成中温热液型矿床. 相似文献
8.
银水寺铅锌矿床位于大别造山带北缘,是该区最大的矽卡岩型矿床。矿体主要发育在中元古界庐镇关岩群仙人冲组大理岩与郑堂子组千枚岩之间的层间破碎带以及正长花岗斑岩与大理岩的接触带中。矿床先后经历了四个成矿阶段,矽卡岩阶段(Ⅰ)、石英.白钨矿阶段(Ⅱ)、石英.硫化物阶段(Ⅲ)、碳酸盐阶段(Ⅳ)。矽卡岩阶段(Ⅰ)主要发育绿帘石、阳起石、石英、绿泥石、磁铁矿及少量金属硫化物等;石英.白钨矿阶段(Ⅱ)主要发育石英、方解石、萤石及少量白钨矿和金属硫化物;石英.硫化物阶段(Ⅲ)广泛发育闪锌矿、方铅矿、黄铜矿等金属硫化物及石英、方解石、萤石、绿泥石等;碳酸盐阶段(Ⅳ)主要发育方解石、石英及少量黄铁矿。矿床中发育三种类型流体包裹体,包括富CO2水溶液包裹体(AC类)、气液两相水溶液包裹体(L类)和含子晶多相包裹体(S型)。根据流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温、激光拉曼研究结果,矽卡岩阶段主要有富CO2包裹体和气液两相水溶液包裹体,均一温度为314~400℃、盐度变化范围较大(1.1%~19.3%NaCleqv);石英.白钨矿阶段发育气液两相水溶液包裹体、含子晶多相包裹体和富CO2包裹体,后两者均一温度相近(263~349℃)、盐度差异较大(32.8%~41%NaCleqv和0.8%~6.1%NaCleqv),表明流体发生了沸腾作用;石英.硫化物阶段主要发育气液两相水溶液包裹体,均一温度为230~332℃,盐度为0.2%~8.9%NaCleqv;碳酸盐阶段只发育气液两相水溶液包裹体,显示低温(162~245℃)、低盐度(0.2%~5.6%NaCleqv)的特征。矿床不同成矿阶段石英、绿帘石中流体包裹体中水H-O同位素研究结果表明,δ18Ofluid值从早到晚逐渐减小,其中矽卡岩阶段为–1.3‰~4.7‰、石英.硫化物阶段为–5.1‰~–3.1‰,表明银水寺矿床早期成矿流体主要为岩浆来源,并在成矿过程中不断有大气降水的加入。石英流体包裹体中CO2的C同位素测试结果表明,矽卡岩阶段δ13CV-PDB值为–9.2‰,石英.硫化物阶段为–25.8‰~–15.4‰,表明早期成矿流体中碳质主要来自岩浆,石英-硫化物阶段有大量有机碳加入,其可能与流体和富含有机质的地层反应有关。矿石中主要金属硫化物的δ34S值(1.7‰~4.4‰)显示了深源硫的特征。Pb同位素变化范围集中(206Pb/204Pb=16.55~16.705,207Pb/204Pb=15.369~15.459,208Pb/204Pb=37.463~37.767),显示壳幔混源的特点。随着成矿作用的进行,岩浆流体与碳酸盐围岩地层发生水岩交代反应形成矽卡岩,该过程造成了成矿矽卡岩阶段磁铁矿和少量闪锌矿的沉淀;断裂活动造成热液体系压力下降,流体发生沸腾,CO2、HF进入气相并逃逸促使矿床中钨的沉淀;同时大气降水沿裂隙灌入,混合作用导致流体的温度、盐度降低,Cl–浓度下降,造成矿床中铅锌的大面积沉淀。 相似文献
9.
卓玛矿床位于云南香格里拉格咱弧东北部,属斑岩-热液脉型铜多金属矿床。矿体主要赋存于矿区石英二长斑岩内及附近,严格受NW向断裂控制。卓玛矿床的形成经历了黄铁矿-石英(Ⅰ)、黄铁矿±黄铜矿--石英(Ⅱ)、黄铁矿±黄铜矿±方铅矿±闪锌矿-石英(Ⅲ)及贫硫化物-石英-碳酸盐(Ⅳ)四个成矿阶段。通过对各成矿阶段研究样品石英颗粒中的原生流体包裹体进行岩相学、显微测温学及激光拉曼光谱研究,探讨卓玛铜多金属矿床成矿流体特征,结果表明:Ⅰ阶段石英中主要发育富CO_2及气液两相型包裹体;Ⅱ阶段石英中主要发育碳质、富CO_2、含CO_2及气液两相4种类型包裹体;Ⅲ阶段石英中主要发育含CO_2及气液两相型包裹体;Ⅳ阶段石英中主要发育富CO_2、含CO_2及气液两相3种类型包裹体。激光拉曼光谱显示碳质包裹体主要成分为CO_2和CH_4,而CO_2包裹体中除CO_2和CH_4气相成分外,还有部分H_2O。因此,综合研究结果显示卓玛铜多金属矿床成矿流体为中温、低盐度的CO_2--CH_4-Na Cl--H_2O体系热液。成矿过程中,流体温度和盐度数值略有降低趋势,成矿流体的不混溶作用是导致成矿物质大量卸载的关键因素。 相似文献
10.
东天山小热泉子矿床流体包裹体及矿床成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
小热泉子铜矿是东天山最早发现的铜矿床之一,但其成矿流体性质、演化,以及矿床成因尚不明确.通过对不同成矿期次流体包裹体开展显微测温和激光拉曼分析,结果表明小热泉子成矿可分为VMS成矿期（包含黄铁矿、黄铜矿-闪锌矿阶段）、热液叠加期（包含石英-硫化物、碳酸盐阶段）和表生期.VMS成矿期包裹体以水溶液型为主,少量含CO2包裹体,其均一温度为234~392 ℃,盐度为3.5%~13.3% NaCleqv;热液叠加期包裹体为水溶液型,在122~296 ℃达到均一,盐度为1.4%~12.1% NaCleqv.激光拉曼分析显示包裹体成分以H2O为主,含少量CO2和SO2.小热泉子铜矿早期高温-中高盐度的VMS成矿系统叠加了后期低温-中低盐度的热液系统,其成因类型应为典型的叠加型成矿系统. 相似文献
11.
大兴安岭南段道伦达坝铜多金属矿床流体包裹体研究和同位素特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
道伦达坝矿床位于大兴安岭南段,是一个中型的铜钨锡银矿床。矿体主要产于二叠系砂板岩中的断裂破碎带中,华力西期黑云母花岗岩中的断裂破碎带中亦赋存有矿体。该矿床的成矿过程可划分为4个阶段：石英萤石白云母电气石锡石黑钨矿阶段(Ⅰ阶段)、石英萤石黑钨矿黄铜矿毒砂磁黄铁矿阶段(Ⅱ阶段)、石英萤石黄铜矿黄铁矿磁黄铁矿银矿物阶段(Ⅲ阶段)和方解石萤石黄铁矿阶段(Ⅳ阶段)。道伦达坝矿床主要发育富液两相包裹体(WL型)、富气两相包裹体(WG型)和含子矿物多相包裹体(S型)。Ⅰ和Ⅱ阶段均发育WL型、WG型和S型包裹体,两阶段的均一温度和盐度分别介于309～389 ℃和242～339 ℃、6.2%～46.3% NaCleqv.和5.3%～41.4% NaCleqv.;Ⅲ阶段主要发育WL型和S型包裹体,均一温度介于153～268 ℃,盐度介于3.5%～35.4% NaCleqv.;Ⅳ阶段仅发育WL型包裹体,均一温度介于114～188 ℃,盐度介于2.1%～7.6% NaCleqv.。前两个阶段为中高温、高盐度流体,Ⅲ阶段流体具中低温、高盐度特征,而Ⅳ阶段为低温、低盐度流体。矿床的δ18OH2O值介于-10.0‰～7.2‰,δD值介于-127‰～-81‰,由Ⅰ阶段到Ⅳ阶段,成矿流体由以岩浆流体为主逐渐演化到以大气降水为主,表明道伦达坝矿床初始流体为岩浆热液,后期有大气降水的加入。硫同位素组成(-7.4‰～-1.2‰)表明成矿物质主要来自深源岩浆;铅同位素组成(μ值介于9.3～9.7)暗示成矿物质主要来自造山带物质部分熔融形成的岩浆。流体的多次沸腾和混合是矿质沉淀的主要机制。 相似文献
12.
陕西省华县金堆城斑岩型钼矿床流体包裹体研究 总被引：8，自引：7，他引：1
陕西省华县金堆城钼矿床位于东秦岭钼矿带西部,形成于燕山期大陆碰撞体制.矿体产出于金堆城花岗斑岩体内部及其内外接触带.流体成矿过程包括早、中、晚3个阶段,分别以石英-钾长石组合、石英-(钾长石)-多金属硫化物-(碳酸盐)组合和石英-碳酸盐组合为标志,矿石矿物主要沉淀于中阶段.早、中阶段石英中可见纯CO_2包裹体(PC型)、CO_2-H_2O型包裹体(C型)、水溶液包裹体(W型)和含子晶多相包裹体(S型),但晚阶段只发育水溶液包裹体(W型).早阶段C型和W型包裹体均一温度集中于280～370℃,盐度为5.68～11.05 wt%NaCl.eqv;中阶段C型和W型流体包裹体均一温度集中于170～270℃,盐度为5.14～12.63 wt%NaCl.eqv.早、中阶段石英中见S型包裹体,加热过程中子矿物不溶.晚阶段流体包裹体均一温度集中于110～1900C,盐度介于7.17%～11.22 wt%NaCl.eqv之间.估算的早、中阶段流体捕获压力分别为143～243MPa和22～115MPa,推测成矿深度约为2.2～8.1km.金堆城钼矿的成矿流体以富CO_2、贫Cl~-为特征. 相似文献
13.
新疆萨热阔布金矿床流体包裹体研究及矿床成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新疆萨热阔布金矿床位于阿尔泰造山带南缘克兰火山-沉积盆地内,矿体呈脉状产于康布铁堡组上亚组地层中(D1k2)。不同成矿阶段石英脉中广泛发育流体包裹体,可划分为H2O-CO2包裹体(C型)、纯CO2包裹体(PC型)、水溶液包裹体(W型)及含子矿物多相包裹体(S型)四类。测温结果显示,成矿早阶段主要发育C型和PC型包裹体,均一温度范围为271～446℃,流体盐度介于5.9%～8.4%NaCleqv之间;中阶段主要发育C、PC、W和S型包裹体,均一温度低于早阶段,为236～374℃,流体盐度介于4.8%～15.0%NaCleqv之间;晚阶段主要发育W型包裹体,均一温度范围为139～264℃,流体盐度介于1.1%～6.9%NaCleqv之间。对成矿压力和深度的估算表明,成矿压力为90～330MPa,成矿深度为9～12km。综上所述,萨热阔布金矿成矿流体具有富CO2、中低盐度的变质流体特征,流体沸腾导致了成矿物质的沉淀。结合矿床地质特征,萨热阔布金矿床属于造山型金矿床。 相似文献
14.
凹子岗锌矿床位于上扬子地块东缘,该矿床经历了两个成矿期:沉积成岩期和热液期,形成两种不同岩相学特征的闪锌矿。流体包裹体岩相学研究显示,存在盐水包裹体(W型)、烃类包裹体(G型)和含石盐子矿物多相包裹体(S型)。有机流体活动与成矿存在耦合关系,其中烃类包裹体(G型)赋存于白云石和自形粗粒闪锌矿中,具有黄色荧光效应,激光拉曼测试显示其成分为沥青质、CH_4、C_3H_8和H_2O;此外,沥青与闪锌矿密切共生。显微测温结果显示热液期流体包裹体均一温度集中于160~180℃,盐度集中于8%~14%NaCl_(eqv),部分可达30%NaCl_(eqv)左右。成矿流体除含有机质外,还含有NaCl、KCl、CaCl_2、MgCl_2、H_2O,为多元共存的流体体系,成矿压力为22~84 MPa。 相似文献
15.
在总结狮子山铜矿床地质特征基础上,开展了流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温、成分分析等研究,结果表明狮子山铜矿成矿流体为H2O-NaCl体系,包裹体分三大类:含子矿物包裹体(S型)、液体包裹体(W型)和气体包裹体(V型)。S型包裹体为气液固三相包裹体,子矿物多为石盐,加热时常晚于气相均一为液相。均一温度范围广,在192～570℃之间,盐度在31.2%～69.63%NaCleqv之间,高温高盐度流体包裹体的存在说明有深源流体叠加;W型包裹体均一温度范围在98～583℃之间,盐度低至中等,在3.55%～22.98%NaCleqv之间;V型包裹体为高温(平均454℃)低盐度(平均9.54%NaCleqv)包裹体;矿区高温阶段不同相比的S型、V型、W型包裹体共生,且均一温度相同,说明成矿流体经过沸腾作用。 相似文献
16.
Li‐Juan Du Bo Li Zhi‐Long Huang Jun Chen Jia‐Xi Zhou Guo‐Fu Zou Zai‐Fei Yan 《Resource Geology》2020,70(1):28-49
The Yangla deposit is an intrusion‐related Cu deposit in the Jinshajiang tectonic belt (eastern Sanjiang region, SW China). Despite extensive studies that have been conducted on this deposit, the relationship between the granitic magma and Cu mineralization is still unclear, and hence, the genesis is debated. To answer this question, we conducted an integrated study of mineralogy, fluid inclusions (FIs), and hydrogen and oxygen (H‐O) isotopes. Three mineralization stages were identified based on the ore textures, alteration zonation, and crosscutting relationships: (i) pre‐ore prograde skarn (stage I), with the garnet and pyroxene dominated by andradite and diopside, respectively; (ii) syn‐ore retrograde alteration (stage II), which is subdivided into the early syn‐ore stage (stage IIa) marked by retrograde hydrated mineral assemblages and significant Fe‐Cu‐Mo‐Pb‐Zn sulfide mineralization, and the late syn‐ore stage (stage IIb) featured by quartz‐calcite veins; and (iii) late supergene mineralization (stage III), which is characterized by secondary azurite and malachite. These results of mineralogy, FIs, and H‐O isotopes indicate that: (i) Cu mineralization has a close temporal, spatial, and genetic relationship with skarn alteration; (ii) the ore fluids were magmatic dominated with late‐stage meteoric water incursion; and (iii) Type‐S (halite‐bearing) and Type‐V (vapor‐rich) FIs coexisted in garnet and clinopyroxene of stage I, indicating that fluid boiling might have occurred during this stage. From stage I to stage IIa, the FI type transformed from Type‐S + Type‐V + Type‐L (liquid‐rich) to Type‐V + Type‐L with the conduct of mineralization and was accompanied by the disappearance of Type‐S, and homogenization temperature and salinity also tended to decrease dramatically, which may be caused by the deposition of skarn minerals. At stage IIa, boiling of the ore fluids still continued due to the change from lithostatic to hydrostatic pressure, which triggered the precipitation of abundant quartz‐Cu‐Mo‐Fe sulfides. Furthermore, fluid mixing between a high‐temperature magmatic fluid and a low‐temperature meteoric water might cause a considerable drop in temperature and the deposition of Cu‐bearing quartz/calcite veins during stage IIb. Hence, we consider the Yangla deposit to be of a skarn type, genetically related to the Mesozoic magmatism in the Sanjiang region. 相似文献
17.
The Cangyuan Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic deposit is located in the Baoshan Block, southern Sanjiang Orogen. The orebodies are hosted in low-grade metamorphic rocks and skarn in contact with Cenozoic granitic rocks. Studies on fluid inclusions (FIs) of the deposit indicate that the ore-forming fluids are CO2-bearing, NaCl-H2O. The initial fluids evolved from high temperatures (462–498 °C) and high salinities (54.5–58.4 wt% NaCl equiv) during the skarn stage into mesothermal (260–397 °C) and low salinities (1.2–9.5 wt% NaCl equiv) during the sulfide stage. The oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions (δ18OH2O: 2.7–8.8‰; δD: −82 to −120‰) suggest that the ore-forming fluids are mixture of magmatic fluids and meteoric water. Sulfur isotopic compositions of the sulfides yield δ34S values of −2.3 to 3.2‰; lead isotopic compositions of ore sulfides are similar to those of granitic rocks, indicating that the sulfur and ore-metals are derived from the granitic magma. We propose that the Cangyuan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit formed from magmatic hydrothermal fluids. These Cenozoic deposits situated in the west of Lanping-Changdu Basin share many similarities with the Cangyuan in isotopic compositions, including the Laochang, Lanuoma and Jinman deposits. This reveals that the Cenozoic granites could have contributed to Pb-Zn-Cu mineralization in the Sanjiang region despite the abundance of Cenozoic Pb-Zn deposits in the region, such as the Jingding Pb-Zn deposit, that is thought to be of basin brine origin. 相似文献
18.
《Resource Geology》2018,68(3):258-274
The Dabaoshan deposit in Northern Guangdong Province, South China, is a Cu–Mo–W–Pb–Zn polymetallic deposit, located in the southern part of the Qin–Hang porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo ore belt. The deposit mainly comprises porphyry Mo and stratiform skarn Cu ore deposits. The genesis of the Cu ore deposit has been ascribed to a typical skarn ore deposit formed by the metasomatism of Devonian carbonate rock layers or to a volcanic rock‐hosted massive sulfide deposit formed by marine exhalation. In this paper, we report on the homogenization temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions and C, H, O, S, and Pb isotopic compositions of fluids and minerals in this deposit. Homogenization temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions in garnet, diopside, quartz, and calcite provide information on the skarnification, mineralization, and postmineralization stages. The data show that ore‐forming fluids experienced a continuous transition from high temperatures and salinities to low temperatures and salinities over the entire period of mineralization. C, H, and O isotopic compositions indicate that ore‐forming fluids were derived mainly from magmatic water. O isotopic compositions indicate that ore‐forming fluids mingled with atmospheric water during the last stage of mineralization. Sulfur in the ore came mainly from deep magmatic sources. Pb isotopic compositions in the orebody show that almost all the lead in the ore was derived from magma with a crustal source. Combined geological, geophysical, and geochemical data were achieved before we proposed that the Dabaoshan porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo–W–Pb–Zn deposit, as one member of the Qin–Hang porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo ore belt, formed during the Jurassic subduction of the paleo‐Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian continent at quite low angle. NE‐ and EW‐trending structures controlled the emplacement of magmatic rocks in the South China region. In the mining area, the Xiangguanping Fault and its branches were the main conduits for magmatic crystallization and mineralization. The many subfaults, folds, and interlayer fracture zones on both sides of the main fault provided the requisite space for the ore and, together, were the controlling structures of the orebody. 相似文献
19.
The Nanyangtian skarn-type scheelite deposit is an important part of the Laojunshan W–Sn polymetallic metallogenic region in southeastern Yunnan Province, China. The deposit comprises multiple scheelite ore bodies; multilayer skarn-type scheelite ore bodies are dominant, with a small amount of quartz vein-type ore bodies. Skarn minerals include diopside, hedenbergite, grossular, and epidote. Three mineralization stages exist: skarn, quartz–scheelite, and calcite. The homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in hydrothermal minerals that formed in different paragenetic phases were measured as follows: 221–423 °C (early skarn stage), 177–260 °C (quartz–scheelite stage), and 173–227 °C (late calcite stage). The measured salinity of fluid inclusions ranged from 0.18% to 16.34% NaCleqv (skarn stage), 0.35%–7.17% NaCleqv (quartz–scheelite stage), and 0.35%–2.24% NaCleqv (late calcite vein stage). Laser Raman spectroscopic studies on fluid inclusions in the three stages showed H2O as the main component, with N2 present in minor amounts. Minor amounts of CH4 were found in the quartz–scheelite stage. It was observed that the homogenization temperature gradually reduced from the early to the late mineralization stages; moreover, δ13CPDB values for ore-bearing skarn in the mineralization period ranged from ? 5.7‰ to ? 6.9‰ and the corresponding δ18OSMOW values ranged from 5.8‰ to 9.1‰, implying that the ore-forming fluid was mainly sourced from magmatic water with a minor amount of meteoric water. Collectively, the evidence indicates that the formation of the Nanyangtian deposit is related to Laojunshan granitic magmatism. 相似文献
20.
毛登-小孤山地区是大兴安岭南段锡多金属成矿带代表性矿区,由小孤山锡锌矿床和毛登锡钼铋多金属矿床组成。小孤山矿床锡石U-Pb Tera-Wasserburg谐和年龄为134.8±1.9Ma,表明其形成于早白垩世。该矿床成矿过程可划分为4个阶段:锡石-黄铁矿-石英-电气石阶段(Ⅰ阶段)、锡石-黄铜矿-闪锌矿-石英-萤石阶段(Ⅱ阶段)、闪锌矿-方铅矿-石英-萤石阶段(Ⅲ阶段)、黄铁矿-石英-方解石阶段(Ⅳ阶段)。小孤山矿床主要发育富液两相包裹体(WL型)、富气两相包裹体(WG型)及含子矿物包裹体(S型)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ阶段均发育WL、WG和S型包裹体,Ⅳ阶段仅出现WL型包裹体。从Ⅰ至Ⅳ阶段流体包裹体均一温度/盐度分别为420-443℃/8.3%-52.0%NaCleqv、286-379℃/4.0%-40.2%NaCleqv、214-299℃/3.8%-36.1%NaCleqv、178-195℃/2.1%-3.3%NaCleqv,表明从早阶段到晚阶段成矿流体由高温高盐度向低温低盐度转化,且前三个阶段流体盐度波动大,暗示成矿流体发生了多次沸腾。矿床的δ18O水介于-2.6‰-11.0‰,δD介于-107‰--91‰,Ⅰ和Ⅱ阶段的成矿流体以岩浆水为主,Ⅲ阶段开始有大气降水的加入。硫化物的δ34SCDT值介于-3.3‰--0.6‰,206Pb/204Pb介于17.772-18.427,207Pb/204Pb介于15.482-15.679,208Pb/204Pb介于37.668-38.622,表明成矿物质来源于早白垩世花岗质岩浆。流体沸腾和降温是矿质沉淀的两种主要机制。 相似文献