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1.
In the period of impounding and running of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the sensitive degrees of change of groundwater table and displacement to the fluctuation of water level are different in different parts of landslides induced by the fluctuation of water level (as the case of Xietan Landslide). According to the relationship between different sensitive degrees of monitoring variables (underground water level and displacement) and quantity of monitoring information, the sensitive zones of groundwater table and displacement to the fluctuation of reservoir water level are divided into different degrees by the approach of fuzzy pattern recognition. The result of numerical subarea of sensitive zone of groundwater table and displacement indicates that the middle and front part of the landslide are the main places with groundwater table affected by the fluctuation of water level of reservoir; the variation of horizontal displacement of surficial part of the middle and front part of the landslide is more sensitive to water impounding and sudden fall of water level; and with the increase of elevation and depth of the landslide, the horizontal displacement changes less and less; the change of vertical displacement of surficial parts of the landslide is most sensitive to the fluctuation of water level of Three Gorges Reservoir; and with the increase of depth, the change of vertical displacement become smaller and smaller. By the means of the numerical subarea regulation of Xietan Landslide, the suggestions to the point layout for monitoring the groundwater table and displacement in the landside of Three Gorges Reservoir are put forward. 相似文献
2.
Deformation and mechanism of landslide influenced by the effects of reservoir water and rainfall, Three Gorges, China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Since the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir in June 2003, numerous preexisting landslides have been reactivated. This paper seeks to find the factors influencing landslide deformation and the relationship between displacement and fluctuation of the reservoir water level, while the displacement and the intensity of rainfall based on monitoring data; 6 years of monitoring were carried out on the Shiliushubao landslide, a old landslide, consisting of a deep-seated main block and two shallow blocks, with a volume of 1,180 × 104 m3 and located on the left bank of the Yangtze River, 66 km upstream of the Three Gorges dam. This landslide was reactivated by the impoundment and since then the landslide body has been experiencing persistent deformation with an observed maximum cumulative displacement of 8,598.5 mm up to December 2009. Based on the monitoring data, we analyzed the relationship between the fluctuation of the reservoir water level and displacement, rainfall and displacement, and found that the rainfall is the major factor influencing deformation for two shallow blocks and the displacement has a positive correlation with the variation of rainfall intensity. The fluctuation of the reservoir water level is the primary factor for main block, and the deformation rate has a negative correlation with the variation of reservoir water level, declined with the rise of the water level and increased with the drawdown of the water level. 相似文献
3.
石榴树包滑坡是黄蜡石滑坡群中的一个重要滑坡,一直以来备受瞩目,其持续变形对长江航运及人民生命财产安全造成严重威胁。本文通过对石榴树包滑坡的勘探得到其详细的物质组成及结构,通过近两年的GPS表面位移、地下水位、降雨量等自动化监测数据分析,对该滑坡的变形特征、变形机理进行研究。结果表明:（1）石榴树包滑坡最初以前缘变形为主,现阶段以中后部变形为主。（2）降雨是石榴树包滑坡复活的主要原因,受库水位升降与降雨联合作用使石榴树包滑坡持续变形。前缘变形较小主要是由于前缘渗透性大,水力梯度较小的原因;中后部变形大主要是中后部渗透性小,水力梯度相对较大的原因。（3）降雨对滑坡地下水影响较大,使地下水水力梯度增大可达5～9倍。本研究可为三峡库区滑坡灾害监测预警及防治提供重要参考。 相似文献
4.
受库水位涨落及降雨等影响,库区滑坡位移表现出明显的周期性。基于位移时间序列分析,将滑坡监测位移分解为趋势项与周期项之和。趋势项反映滑坡变形的长期趋势,其主要受滑坡本身地质结构等因素影响。周期项反映滑坡变形的波动性,其主要受外部因素影响。以三峡库区巫山塔坪滑坡为例,考虑长江水位与降雨量影响,采用H-P滤波法从滑坡位移中分解出趋势项及周期项,利用差分自回归滑动平均模型（ARIMA）对趋势项进行平稳处理并计算趋势项预测值,利用向量自回归模型（VAR）计算周期项预测值。趋势项预测值与周期项预测值之和为滑坡位移预测值。与实际监测值及多种方法分析比较,表明综合预测所得结果能较好反映滑坡变形的趋势性和波动性,位移预测效果较好。 相似文献
5.
随着三峡水库的长期运行,受库水位涨落和波浪作用影响,三峡水库土质岸坡的塌岸问题愈发严重,塌岸不仅造成了水土流失,甚至会诱发滑坡复活。大坪滑坡是三峡库区前缘塌岸发育最为明显的滑坡之一,以三峡库区大坪滑坡为例,结合大坪滑坡的地表宏观变形、地表GPS位移等数据,分析滑坡变形特征以及塌岸对滑坡变形的影响,在此基础上通过ABAQUS生死单元功能实现前缘塌岸对滑坡稳定性影响的数值模拟,进一步探索滑坡变形对前缘塌岸的响应关系。结果表明:大坪滑坡的变形主要受库水位涨落影响,前缘塌岸较发育,塌岸一侧GPS监测点地表位移变化较明显,显然塌岸对大坪滑坡地表变形影响较大;ABAQUS的有限元计算结果表明,塌岸对滑坡的变形影响十分明显,影响大小主要与塌岸方量相关;塌岸导致的滑坡变形主要集中在滑坡前部,并向后部逐渐扩展;ABAQUS中的生死单元法可以很好地实现塌岸对滑坡稳定性影响的模拟。 相似文献
6.
基于非饱和渗流的水库库岸滑坡稳定性计算 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
三峡水库蓄水后,库水位涨落和降雨入渗是导致滑坡的主要因素。本文以秭归县下土地岭滑坡为例,在一个水文年内根据库区水位调控方案并考虑库区降雨情况,运用非饱和土力学的渗流和抗剪强度理论,对滑坡稳定性进行了分析,得出在库水位涨落和降雨条件下滑坡渗流和稳定性的变化规律,对库区滑坡稳定性评价和治理有一定的指导作用。 相似文献
7.
综合使用孔隙水压力计、水分含量仪、钻孔倾斜仪、雨量计和库水位计监测三峡库区李家坡滑坡.通过现场站建设、采集仪调试、数据传输、数据处理与发布实现了滑坡的实时监测和实时发布.监测数据分析表明,库水位升降和降雨入渗引起孔隙水压力以及水分含量变化,强降雨和库水位急剧升降会导致坡体变形. 相似文献
8.
Real-time monitoring and early warning of landslides at relocated Wushan Town,the Three Gorges Reservoir,China 总被引：12，自引：6，他引：6
A special monitoring and warning system has been established and improved in the Three Gorges Reservoir area since 1999. It
is necessary to develop a real-time monitoring system on landslides because there are dense populations centered in the reservoir
area and geo-hazards may be triggered by a 30-m water level fluctuation between 145 and 175 m in elevation during reservoir
operation; the regular monitoring could not be suitable to the early warning on landslides. Since 2003, the authors have carried
out a real-time monitoring and early warning project on landslides at the relocated Wushan town in the Three Gorges Reservoir
area. The monitoring station includes Global Positioning System with high-accuracy double frequency to monitor ground displacement,
time domain reflection technology, and immobile borehole, inclinometer to monitor deep displacement, piezometer to monitor
pore water pressure, and precipitation and reservoir water level monitoring. Compared with traditional methods, the real-time
monitoring is continuous and traceable in the acquisition process, and the cycle of data acquisition is very short, usually
within hours, minutes, or even shorter. Based on the landslide monitoring experience at the Three Gorges Reservoir area, the
early warning criteria on landslide are established in which the critical situation is classified into four levels: blue,
yellow, orange, and red, respectively, expressed by no, slight, moderate, and high risk situation. Comprehensive judgment
from multimonitoring data of Yuhuangge landslide in this area since 2004 suggested that the new Wushan town will be at the
blue early warning level, although some monitoring data of individual displacement at deep borehole showed that the displacement
was increased by 5 mm in 5 months with an average velocity of 1.0 mm/month, and the data of BOTDR also showed an obvious dislocation
along a stairway on the landslide. 相似文献
9.
三峡库区涉水滑坡主要影响因素是水位和降雨量,也是库区滑坡体失稳的主要影响因素和诱发因素。库区每年重复着水位升降不利于滑坡的稳定,而降雨特别是大强度的降雨也诱发产生滑坡。当水位波动遇到降雨,出现工况叠加,滑坡将加剧。因此,有必要对影响滑坡变形的主导因素进行了解分析。2016年6月三峡库区全面展开了自动化监测,使得数据统计方便可靠。本文采用滑坡变形速率、降雨量、库水位变化、最大水位变化速率、淹没程度,运用灰色关联度分析法对涉水滑坡进行了计算分析。水位下降阶段,文中土质滑坡变形受库水位影响最大。水位上升阶段,该土质滑坡上部变形受降雨影响最大,下部受水位影响最大。文中岩质滑坡总是受库水位影响最大。 相似文献
10.
柴湾滑坡是三峡库区结构复杂的大型老滑坡之一,三峡水库蓄水后,该滑坡出现明显复活迹象。本文基于滑坡结构和2007-2015年监测数据,分析了该滑坡活动对库水位变化的响应特征;采用数值模拟手段分析了库水位变化时滑体内渗流场及孔隙水压力变化特征。研究发现,该滑坡在平、剖面上分别呈现牵引式分块与浅、中层分层的缓慢活动特征;当库水位降速>0 8 m/d时,滑坡活动呈现滞后的台阶式加剧趋势;越接近地表,滑坡活动对库水位变化愈敏感。柴湾滑坡活动特征受其复杂结构控制,滑坡中前部地下水与库水密切的水力联系以及中层、深层滑体良好的渗透性决定了滑坡的分块和分层活动特征。库水位上升时透水性较强滑体内的扬压力和库水位下降时透水性较弱滑体内的动水压力是造成滑坡分块分层活动的内在动力。 相似文献
11.
动水压力型滑坡对库水位升降作用的响应以三峡库区树坪滑坡为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
三峡库区涉水型滑坡众多,库水位周期性涨落引起库岸滑坡岩土体物理性质的改变,还使得滑体内渗流场发生变化,进而影响滑坡体稳定性。为研究库水位升降作用对涉水边坡稳定性的影响,基于三峡库区重大涉水滑坡分类,对动水压力型滑坡进行分析。以三峡库区秭归县树坪滑坡为例,利用Geo-Studio软件的SEEP模块及SLOPE分别对滑坡渗流场与稳定性进行计算,分析不同滑体渗透系数及不同库水位升降速率对动水压力型滑坡的影响规律。结果表明:对于动水压力型滑坡,库水位上升过程中,地下水位线有下凹趋势,稳定性系数有所增大; 库水位下降过程中,地下水位线有上凸现象,且稳定性系数明显减小; 库水位升降速率越大,滑体渗透系数越小,库水位变动对滑坡渗流及稳定性影响越明显。 相似文献
12.
13.
坡体表面形变是表征坡体稳定性的重要信息,因此,非常有必要对滑坡多发区域进行时序常规变形监测.近年来,星载合成孔径雷达数据由于其覆盖范围大、形变监测精度高的特点,被越来越多的用于山区滑坡识别与探测.首先介绍了联合分布式目标与点目标的时序InSAR方法,并将该方法应用于分析覆盖三峡藕塘滑坡的2007年至2011年的19景ALOS PALSAR数据和2015年至2018年的47景Sentinel-1数据,提取了数据覆盖时间段内的藕塘地区的变形速率.发现相比于2007年至2011年,2015年至2018年新增三处不稳定斜坡.进一步对滑坡的时序变形分析表明,降雨和水位变化是坡体稳定性最大的两个影响因素.实验证明时序InSAR方法可以作为常规形变手段来识别与监测三峡库区等地区潜在的滑坡,为防灾减灾提供支持与依据. 相似文献
14.
水位涨落作用下藕塘滑坡响应特征模型试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
藕塘滑坡是三峡库区结构复杂的巨型古滑坡之一，由多个次级滑体和滑面组成，大坝蓄水运行以来，滑坡出现复活迹象，对周边数千人的生命财产安全构成威胁。为明确藕塘滑坡在库水位涨落作用下的响应特征、变形破坏模式和机制，以物理模型试验为手段，通过制配滑坡模型试验材料，精确控制试验中库水位涨落条件，实现了藕塘滑坡变形失稳过程试验模拟，并从试验角度探讨了藕塘滑坡响应特征和力学机制。得到以下结论:库水涨落速度越快组成滑坡的3个次级滑坡产生的变形越大，库水位下降造成的滑坡变形明显大于库水位上涨和稳定状态；库水位涨落影响主要集中于第一期次滑坡区域，当库水位快速下降时第一期次滑坡坡脚局部发生牵引式崩滑的风险大；第一期次滑坡变形造成其后的第二期和第三期次滑坡稳定性下降，随之发生变形；藕塘滑坡为动水压力型滑坡，滑坡在库水位涨落作用下发生整体沿基岩面滑移破坏的可能性不大，变形失稳模式表现为第一期次滑坡前缘的局部崩滑。试验揭示了该类滑坡在库水位涨落作用下的响应特征和变形破坏机制，可为类似滑坡的研究提供参考。 相似文献
15.
16.
Using an extreme learning machine to predict the displacement of step-like landslides in relation to controlling factors 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
In the evolution of landslides, besides the geological conditions, displacement depends on the variation of the controlling factors. Due to the periodic fluctuation of the reservoir water level and the precipitation, the shape of cumulative displacement-time curves of the colluvial landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir follows a step function. The Baijiabao landslide in the Three Gorges region was selected as a case study. By analysing the response relationship between the landslide deformation, the rainfall, the reservoir water level and the groundwater level, an extreme learning machine was proposed in order to establish the landslide displacement prediction model in relation to controlling factors. The result demonstrated that the curves of the predicted and measured values were very similar, with a correlation coefficient of 0.984. They showed a distinctive step-like deformation characteristic, which underlined the role of the influencing factors in the displacement of the landslide. In relation to controlling factors, the proposed extreme learning machine (ELM) model showed a great ability to predict the Baijiabao landslide and is thus an effective displacement prediction method for colluvial landslides with step-like deformation in the Three Gorges Reservoir region. 相似文献
17.
考虑非饱和渗流作用下三峡库岸滑坡稳定性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
水库水位的涨落对库岸滑坡稳定性有着显著影响。三峡水库水位涨落引起滑坡体内地下水位的变化,是非饱和到饱和过程。本文就非饱和渗流理论,在库水位涨落过程中,模拟了三峡库区马家沟滑坡暂态渗流场的变化,分析了库水位变动时孔隙水压力的变化。结合有限元强度折减法,将得到的暂态孔隙水压力以荷载方式叠加到有限元中,对该滑坡稳定性进行评价,并探讨了在一个水文周期内水位涨落时滑坡稳定性的变化。结果表明:不论库水位上升或下降,滑坡体的稳定性都显示先减小后增大的趋势。最后对马家沟滑坡提出了在库水位常规下降速度下抗滑桩与地表排水相结合的治理设计方案。 相似文献
18.
三峡工程库区巴东县赵树岭滑坡稳定性与防治对策研究 总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16
赵树岭滑坡是三峡工程库区的重要滑坡，其稳定性直接关系到巴东新县城沿江大道的安全，并对新县城土地利用意义重大。在阐述赵树岭滑坡基本特征的基础上，运用水岩耦合三维有限元数值方法模拟了滑坡稳定性，预测了三峡水库蓄水后滑坡稳定性发展趋势和渗流特征。研究表明，水库蓄水及水位波动是影响滑坡稳定性的主要因素，三峡水库蓄水后，滑坡将发生局部失稳，必须加以治理，提出了滑坡防治的原则与对策。 相似文献
19.
A major limitation for wide application of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) remote sensing in mapping landslide surface displacements is the intrinsic gap between the ultimate objective of measuring three-dimensional displacements and the limited capability of detecting only one or two-dimensional displacements by repeat-pass SAR observations of identical imaging geometries. Although multi-orbit SAR observations of dissimilar viewing geometries can be jointly analyzed to inverse the three-dimensional displacements, the reliability of inversion results might be highly questionable in case of continuous motion because of the usually asynchronous acquisitions of multi-orbit SAR datasets. Aiming at this problem, we proposed an approach of retrieving time series three-dimensional displacements from multi-angular SAR datasets for step-like landslides in the Three Gorges area in this article. Firstly, time series displacements of a common ground target in the azimuth and line-of-sight (LOS) direction can be estimated using traditional methods of SAR interferometry (InSAR) and SAR pixel offset tracking (POT), respectively. Then, a spline fitting and interpolation procedure was employed to parameterize the displacement history in the sliding/dormant periods of step-like landslides and estimate displacements from multi-angular observations for identical date series. Finally, three-dimensional displacements can be inverted from these synchronized multi-angular measured displacements in traditional ways. As a case study, the proposed method was applied to retrieve the three-dimensional displacements history of the Shuping landslide in the Three Gorges area, China. Comparisons between SAR-measured displacements and measurements of global positioning system (GPS) showed good agreement. Furthermore, temporal correlation analyses suggest that reservoir water level fluctuation and rainfall are the two most important impact factors for the Shuping landslide stability. 相似文献
20.
为探究滑坡多场监测数据间的关联准则,采用数据挖掘技术中的两步聚类法与Apriori算法,开展滑坡多场信息关联准则研究。以三峡库区白水河滑坡为例,分析ZG93监测点于2003年6月—2016年12月期间的监测数据,选取影响滑坡变形的主要诱发因子,采用两步聚类法对不同的影响因子进行预聚类和聚类,将数值型变量转化为离散型变量后,应用Apriori算法进行处理,生成满足最小置信度的关联准则,建立白水河滑坡多场耦合作用模式下的影响因子与滑坡位移变形关联准则判据。研究表明,关联准则对于滑坡灾害的变形分析具有重要的意义,数据挖掘技术可较好地应用于三峡库区地质灾害位移预测预报中。 相似文献