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1.
Gold mineralization at Kochkar (Urals, Russia) is hosted mainly by quartz lodes, which developed at lithological contacts between mafic dikes and granitoids of the Plast massif during late Carboniferous to early Permian, regional E–W compression in the East Uralian Zone (EUZ). The alteration mineralogy in mafic dikes comprises biotite, actinolite, albite, K-feldspar, quartz, epidote, tourmaline, sericite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, fahlores, galena, bismuthinite, and gold, and in Plast granitoids quartz, sericite, calcite, epidote, and ore minerals. Geochemically, an enrichment of Si, K, Rb, Ba, S, base metals, W, and Au can be observed. The ore fluid had δ18O values between 8.2‰ and 9.5‰ typical for metamorphic or deep magmatic fluids. The tectonometamorphic evolution of the EUZ is marked by peak metamorphic conditions at 635±40°C and 5–6 kbar through 500±20°C during gold mineralization, and 300–350°C and 2–3 kbar. The last event was dated on a late, barren quartz vein formed during greenschist facies metamorphism at 265±3 Ma by the Rb–Sr method. Fluids related to this overprint had a δ18O value of 5.2‰ and an initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.70685 indicating that they are largely equilibrated with metamorphic lithologies of the EUZ. The Plast granitoids and the adjacent Borisov granite, which was dated at 358±23 Ma (U–Pb zircon age), have an adakitic character. This, together with the arc-signature of the mafic dikes, supports the setting of the EUZ within the Valerianovsky continental arc. Eastward subduction of the Uralian Ocean below this arc began during the late Devonian to early Carboniferous. Between 320 and 265 Ma, the oblique closure of the ocean resulted in doming of granitoid massifs in a sinistral transpressional regime, subsequent retrograde gold mineralization during E–W compression and a later greenschist facies overprint. This long-lasting retrograde evolution of the EUZ was caused by the lack of postcollisional collapse. Heat for a “deep-later" type of metamorphism and triggering the auriferous fluid system was supplied by radiogenic heating of an overthickened crust. The greenschist facies overprint at Kochkar and coeval crustal melting in the EUZ was additionally initiated by local external heating of the terrane. This could have been caused by syn- to postcollisional slab rollback or delamination resulting in magmatic underplating of the EUZ, which postdates orogenic gold mineralization at Kochkar. The tectonic interpretation of the EUZ indicates that gold mineralization at Kochkar formed in a mid-crustal environment of a continental magmatic arc at the cessation of active subduction predating post orogenic plutonism.  相似文献   

2.
The Kottathara gold prospect of Attappadi Valley in Kerala is located within the Southern Indian Granulite Terrain comprising charnockite and gneisses with enclaves of high-grade supracrustals. The gold mineralization associated with the basic members of the Attappadi supracrustals and the quartz veins traversing them are confined within the Bhavani Shear Zone. Primarily the gold-quartz lode is emplaced in rheologically preferred zones along the contact of the basic members with the enclosing gneisses subsequent to a period of retrogression and shearing. Ore-mineralogical studies reveal that gold got remobilized and this remobilization is identified with the regional Bhavani Shear. SEM studies indicate that gold occurs in free state and also within sulphides especially pyrite. Variation in grain morphology is clearly discernible in gold occurring within oxidised and in non-oxidised zones.Sequencing of deformational events with associated emplacements of known ages suggests the age of gold mineralization of Attappadi area as between 2 Ga. and 2.5 Ga. The secondary mobilization has to be <2.0 Ga or younger possibly of younger Pan-African age related with the Moyar-Bhavani Shear System. The inherent gold content of the komatiitic metapyroxenites together with the auriferous quartz lodes assigns a lithological control on gold mineralisation. Subsequent folding and remobilization due to the regional shear constrained the geometry of the lode zones implying structural control.  相似文献   

3.
Mafic dykes intrude the composite Mt. Abu granite batholith as a minor and the last phase of magmatism. The dykes are sub-vertical, variable in width and visibly compact, however, features of alteration and shearing can be seen. The dykes occurring within the recently identified and described, Delwara Shear Zone (DWSZ), from the western margin of the Mt. Abu batholith are intensely to moderately sheared and intricately mixed with the host granitoids. The mafic dykes occurring within the shear zone bear evidence of assimilating the host granitoids during their ascent, seen as relicts, streaks and sub-rounded K-feldspar clasts in mafic dykes. The hybridization has resulted in unusual geochemical signatures of the mafic dykes such as higher silica levels, erratic and high incompatible trace element abundances and lack of any systematic trends. Mixing line calculations on the mafic dyke samples reveal between 30 to 60% felsic input into the mafic dykes. Mafic dykes outside the shear zone in the Mt. Abu are meter scale in width and generally free of felsic inclusions owing to small volumes of mafic melts. Large volume of mafic melts are required for assimilating up to 60% felsic component which has been identified as approximately 100 m wide zone within the DWSZ. Shearing has played an important role in providing the channel ways and for sustained high temperatures to allow such hybridization.  相似文献   

4.
新疆西南天山金矿床主要类型、特征及成矿作用   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6  
文章在总结前人研究成果的基础上,综合论述了西南天山金矿的成矿地质背景、金矿床的时空分布和基本特征。根据矿床地质特征和控矿因素,将西南天山的金矿划分为与剪切带有关的金矿床、与侵入岩有关的金矿床(包括斑岩型)、石英-重晶石脉型金矿床、与火山岩有关的金矿床和矽卡岩型金矿床5类,其中与剪切带有关的金矿床是最重要的矿床类型。探讨了西南天山金矿的成矿时代、成矿物质和成矿流体来源,以及成矿地球动力学机制。提出与剪切带有关的金矿床成矿物质主要来源于岩浆和海相碳酸盐岩,成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水或主要来自大气降水,混合少量岩浆水。石英-重晶石脉型金矿床成矿物质来自容矿地层,成矿流体主要来源于沉积建造水。与剪切带有关的金矿、与侵入岩有关的金矿、石英重晶石脉型金矿和矽卡岩型金矿成矿时代主要集中在二叠纪—三叠纪,形成于后碰撞构造演化阶段。斑岩型和浅成低温热液型金矿床形成于岛弧挤压环境。  相似文献   

5.
The Gran Paradiso nappe of the northwestern Alps mostly consists of augen gneisses derived from the Alpine deformation of Permian granitoids. The regional foliation of the augen gneisses developed at lower amphibolite facies conditions and is associated with a top-to-west sense of shear. The granitoid protolith is preserved in the kilometre-scale low-strain domain of the Piantonetto Valley and mainly consists of a porphyritic metagranite including joints, leucocratic dykes and biotite-rich schlieren. In this low-strain domain, the Alpine deformation is mainly localized in discrete ductile shear zones within weakly foliated metagranite. The shear zones mostly dip towards S–SE in a shallow (shear zones 1) to steep inclination (shear zones 2). The shear zones show typical features that can be explained by reactivation of pre-existing joints and planar compositional heterogeneities. Palaeostress and strain analysis indicate that shear zones and the metagranite foliation both formed in the presence of a strong component of flattening. The kinematics of individual shear zones depends on the orientation of the original heterogeneities (acting as nucleation planes) and by partitioning of strain components at the kilometre-scale with concentration of the flattening component to the Piantonetto low-strain domain. The strain geometry and the kinematics of individual shear zones within Piantonetto are not directly connected to the top-to-west sense of tectonic transport observed elsewhere in the Gran Paradiso nappe. However, the bulk stress ellipsoid reconstructed for the incipient shear zone network within very weakly deformed granites is oriented consistently with the bulk direction of tectonic transport within the Gran Paradiso massif. We conclude that the shear zone network of the Piantonetto Valley is representative of the incipient stages of ductile deformation of a granite nappe. Even if its architecture is determined by the arrangement of pre-existing structural and compositional heterogeneities, aspects of the large-scale bulk strain can be derived from this local shear zone pattern.  相似文献   

6.
甘肃北山白墩子—小西弓韧性剪切带及其控矿作用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
白墩子—小西弓韧性剪切带是甘肃北山地区8条韧性剪切带中最南侧的一条, 位于北山南带的白墩子—小西弓一带, 呈近东西向展布, 长160km, 宽5~8km。该韧性剪切带以近水平右行剪切为特点, 是一条形成于中低—中偏高温度、较低差应力条件(53~106MPa)下的韧性剪切带, 主应变(Rxz)为4~20, 剪应变(γ)1.41~2.42, 剪位移达10~25km。该韧性剪切带对金矿床控制作用明显, 在区域上控制金矿床(点)的分布, 在矿床范围内控制金矿化带、矿体的形态、产状和规模。压扭性韧性剪切变形特点决定了金矿化类型以蚀变糜棱岩型为主, 蚀变以交代作用为特色。金矿化稍晚于韧性变形。   相似文献   

7.
The Koshrabad massif, referred to as the Hercynian postcollisional intrusions of the Tien Shan, is composed of two rock series: (1) mafic and quartz monzonites and (2) granites of the main phase. Porphyritic granitoids of the main phase contain ovoids of alkali feldspar, often rimmed with plagioclase. Mafic rocks developed locally in the massif core resulted from the injections of mafic magma into the still unconsolidated rocks of the main phase, which produced hybrid rocks and various dike series. All rocks of the massif are characterized by high f (Fe/(Fe + Mg)) values and contain fayalite, which points to the reducing conditions of their formation. Mafic rocks are the product of fractional crystallization of alkali-basaltic mantle melt, and granitoids of the main phase show signs of crustal-substance contamination. In high f values and HFSE contents the massif rocks are similar to A-type granites. Data on the geochemical evolution of the massif rocks confirm the genetic relationship of the massif gold deposits with magmatic processes and suggest the accumulation of gold in residual acid melts and the rapid formation of ore quartz veins in the same structures that controlled the intrusion of late dikes. The simultaneous intrusion of compositionally different postcollisional granitoids of the North Nuratau Ridge, including the Koshrabad granitoids, is due to the synchronous melting of different crustal protoliths in the zone of transcrustal shear, which was caused by the ascent of the hot asthenospheric matter in the dilatation setting. The resulting circulation of fluids led to the mobilization of ore elements from the crustal rocks and their accumulation in commercial concentrations.  相似文献   

8.
ＭＩＮＩＮＧＨＩＳＴＯＲＹＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃａｌｙｔｈｅＪｉａｏｄｏｎｇｇｏｌｄｐｒｏｖｉｎｃｅｃｏｖｅｒｓａｌｍｏｓｔｔｈｅｗｈｏｌｅＳｈａｎｄｏｎｇｏｒＪｉａｏｄｏｎｇＰｅｎｉｎｓｕｌａ,ｔｈｅｅａｓｔｅｒｎｈａｌｆｏｆｔｈｅＳｈａｎｄｏｎｇＰ...  相似文献   

9.
The Rb-Sr age of metasomatic rocks from four gold deposits and occurrences localized in Archean granite-greenstone belts of the western, central, and southern Karelian Craton of the Baltic Shield has been determined. At the Pedrolampi deposit in central Karelia, the dated Au-bearing beresite and quartz-carbonate veins are located in the shear zone and replace Mesoarchean (～2.9 Ga) mafic and felsic metavolcanic rocks of the Koikar-Kobozero greenstone belt. At the Taloveis ore occurrence in the Kostomuksha greenstone belt of western Karelia, the dated beresite replaces Neoarchean (～2.7 Ga) granitoids and is conjugated with quartz veins in the shear zone. At the Faddeinkelja occurrence of southern Karelia, Aubearing beresite in the large tectonic zone, which transects Archean granite and Paleoproterozoic mafic dikes, has been studied. At the Hatunoja occurrence in the Jalonvaara greenstone belt of southwestern Karelia, the studied quartz veins and related gold mineralization are localized in Archean granitoids. The Rb-Sr isochrons based on whole-rock samples and minerals from ore-bearing and metasomatic wall rocks and veins yielded ～1.7 Ga for all studied objects. This age is interpreted as the time of development of ore-bearing tectonic zones and ore-forming hydrothermal metasomatic alteration. New isotopic data in combination with the results obtained by our precursors allow us to recognize the Paleoproterozoic stage of gold mineralization in the Karelian Craton. This stage was unrelated to the Archean crust formation in the Karelian Block and is a repercussion of the Paleoproterozoic (2.0–1.7 Ga) crust-forming tectonic cycle, which gave rise to the formation of the Svecofennian and Lapland-Kola foldbelts in the framework of the Karelain Craton. The oreforming capability of Paleoproterozoic tectonics in the Archean complexes of the Karelian Craton was probably not great, and its main role consisted in reworking of the Archean gold mineralization of various genetic types, including the inferred orogenic mesothermal gold concentrations.  相似文献   

10.
Gold deposits in the Syama and Tabakoroni goldfields in southern Mali occur along a north-northeast trending mineralised litho-structural corridor that trends for approximately 40 km. The deposits are interpreted to have formed during a craton-wide metallogenic event during the Eburnean orogeny. In the Syama goldfield, gold mineralisation in 9 deposits is hosted in the hanging-wall of the Syama-Bananso Shear Zone in basalt, greywacke, argillite, lamprophyre, and black shale. Gold is currently mined primarily from the oxidised-weathered zone of the ore bodies. In the Syama deposit, mineralisation hosted in altered basalt is associated with an intense ankerite–quartz–pyrite stockwork vein systems, whereas disseminated style mineralisation is also present in greywackes. In contrast, the Tellem deposit is hosted in quartz–porphyry rocks.In the Tabakoroni goldfield, gold mineralisation is hosted in quartz veins in tertiary splay shears of the Syama-Bananso Shear Zone. The Tabakoroni orebody is associated with quartz, carbonate and graphite (stylolite) veins, with pyrite and lesser amounts of arsenopyrite. There are four main styles of gold mineralisation including silica-sulphide lodes in carbonaceous fault zones, stylolitic quartz reefs in fault zones, quartz–Fe–carbonate–sulphide lodes in mafic volcanics, and quartz–sulphide stockwork veins in silicified sediments and porphyry dykes. The several deposit styles in the goldfield thus present a number of potential exploration targets spatially associated with the regional Syama-Bananso Shear Zone and generally classified as orogenic shear-hosted gold deposits.  相似文献   

11.
The Chevrier gold deposit is located in the northeastern part of the Abitibi Subprovince within the Chevrier volcanic centre (CVC). This calc-alkaline volcanic centre evolved from mafic to felsic in a submarine environment, and the Chevrier deposit is spatially associated with the uppermost unit composed mostly of massive dacite to rhyolite, dated at 2730 Ma. The Chevrier deposit is divided in two zones. The North Zone is composed of high-grade, discordant quartz-carbonate veins and disseminated pyrite mostly within melanocratic gabbro dykes, whereas, the South Zone is within a low-grade, concordant pyrite envelope associated with quartz-carbonate-pyrite veinlets. Both zones are highly deformed and show strong carbonate, sericite and chlorite alterations. Although these zones share many characteristics with orogenic deposits, the crosscutting of the Chevrier deposit by structures associated with the major deformation events suggests that mineralization was prior to these events. Furthermore, felsic dykes associated with the formation of the CVC crosscut auriferous veins and zones, therefore suggesting a synvolcanic timing for the gold mineralization. Characteristics of the zones, such as similar vein composition and alteration mineral assemblages and location within the volcanic pile, suggest that they are part of a single hydrothermal event where the South Zone represents the shallower part of the deposit. The Chevrier deposit is classified as a noncarbonate-hosted stockwork and disseminated deposit and shows many similarities with strata-bound gold deposits of the Andacollo mining district of Chile. Dating of mineralization at the Chevrier deposit indicates that the emplacement of gold occurred more than 25 Ma before the onset of the orogeny affecting this part of the Abitibi subprovince. It also illustrates how synvolcanic mineralization can be misinterpreted as an orogenic deposit without the presence of crosscutting relationships with dykes, faults or other structures.Contribution No. 2005-5130-01 of the Ministère des Ressources naturelles et de la Faune du Québec.  相似文献   

12.
The Kostomuksha greenstone belt is the main iron district of Karelia. Gold, diamonds, and molybdenum mineralization have been found in this belt over the last two decades. The gold occurrences and deposits pertaining to the gold-sulfide and gold-quartz types were formed at the orogenic stage. The Taloveis deposit and the Faktorny and Berendei ore occurrences are located in the South Kostomuksha area and related to a complex of porphyritic diorite and granite porphyry. The West Ruvinvaara, Niemijarvi, Eastern, and Kurgelampi gold-sulfide and gold-sulfide-quartz occurrences are controlled by metasomatized shear zones and recrystallized sulfide ore hosted in the Shurlovaara and Ruvinvaara formations in the contact aureole of granite of the framework of the greenstone belt near its margin. The gold-arsenopyrite mineralization of the South Kostomuksha open pit is related to shear and metasomatic zones at the contact between the Kostomuksha Formation and helleflinta. Significant concentrations of gold are related to the complex of diorite and granite porphyry and the shear and metasomatic zones formed at the collision stage after emplacement of potassium granite. The small Taloveis deposit is located in the southern portion of the Kostomuksha greenstone belt and related to an intrusion of diorite and granite porphyry dated at 2720 Ma. The gold-sulfide mineral type in beresitized granite is combined with the gold-quartz type in shear zones trending at an azimuth of 20 NNE and coinciding in orientation with shear zones in the Kostomuksha belt. The Au grade varies from 0.5 to 60 g/t.  相似文献   

13.
华北克拉通南缘小秦岭金矿区基性脉岩时代及地质意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
产于太古代-古元古代变质地体中的石英脉型金矿是世界上最重要的金矿类型之一, 大多数金矿区内基性脉岩非常发育, 空间上与含金石英脉密切相关.但目前对基性脉岩与石英脉型金矿的成因联系尚未取得一致认识.以华北克拉通南缘小秦岭金矿区为例, 对典型矿区(东闯、大湖、枪马)采矿巷道内的基性脉岩开展精确的U-Pb年代学研究.4个脉岩样品给出一致的锆石207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄(1 819±10 Ma, 1σ); 1个样品中的黑云母给出了略微年轻的40Ar/39Ar坪年龄(1 719.0±21.0 Ma, 2σ).定年结果表明: (1)小秦岭金矿区内大量基性脉岩形成于古元古代晚期, 是华北克拉通东西块体在1.85 Ga左右发生碰撞后伸展作用的产物; (2)前人获得的基性脉岩K-Ar和Rb-Sr年龄(187.6~75.9 Ma)可能并非脉岩真实侵位年龄, 而是代表这些脉岩遭受中生代构造-热事件影响的扰动年龄(或冷却年龄).最新的成矿年代学研究结果表明, 小秦岭地区绝大多数金矿床形成于早白垩世130~120 Ma, 大大晚于上述古元古代基性脉岩的侵位时代, 因此两者之间没有成因联系(尽管它们的空间关系十分密切).小秦岭地区是否存在与金矿床同时的晚中生代基性岩浆活动, 对于讨论本区金矿床的矿床成因和成矿构造环境非常重要, 但本文工作尚不能明确回答这一问题, 今后需要对矿区内各期基性脉岩进行系统的同位素定年.   相似文献   

14.
在综述了脉岩与热液型脉状金矿关系的基础上，认为中基性脉岩、煌斑岩脉不仅在空间上与脉状金矿相伴生，形成时间祁近，而且在物源和成因上有着密切的关联。脉岩是脉状金矿床成因系列的组成部分。据此提出中基性岩浆在某种动力作用下，诱导上覆花岗质岩石（包括古老变质岩）熔融，并发生混染，在地壳脉动作用下，脉岩与含矿流体多期次多阶段侵位，在相应的部位形成脉岩与矿脉共存的金矿区带。  相似文献   

15.
Gold mineralization of the Hutti mine, southern India, is situated in closely spaced laminated quartz veins and associated alteration haloes along steeply dipping shear zones within a sequence of rather uniform amphibolites. Intense shearing has resulted in large-scale mylonitization of the wall rocks. Anastomosing shear zones, with intervening lensoid bodies of unsheared amphibolites, are characteristic features of the deposit. The general pattern of symmetrical alteration comprises a distal zone of chlorite-rich rock, with a proximal biotite-rich zone adjacent to laminated quartz veins. Arsenopyrite thermometry yielded a temperature range of 350-477 °C for the biotite alteration zone, which preceded the formation of the laminated quartz veins. Mass balance calculations on the alteration zones indicate a gradual mass and volume loss during alteration. The alteration is accompanied by intense potash metasomatism and addition of sulfur, which resulted in the formation of arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, and pyrite. Results of fluid inclusion studies suggest that low salinity (3.9-13.5 wt% NaCl equivalent) H2O-CO2 rich fluids were responsible for gold-rich laminated quartz vein formation in the Hutti deposit. These fluids constituted a later counterpart of the protracted fluid activity that first formed the biotite alteration zone. The estimated P-T values range from 1.0 to 1.7 kbar at 280-320 °C. These data, along with the alteration assemblages and the characteristic gold-sulfide association, both in the altered wall rock and laminated quartz veins, suggest that gold, transported as reduced bisulfide complexes, was deposited in response to sulfidation reactions in the wall rocks. Comparison of P-T conditions of formation of gold-quartz veins at Hutti with two other large gold deposits in the eastern Dharwar Craton, namely Kolar (1.8 kbar/280 °C) and western Ramagiri (1.45-1.7 kbar/240-270 °C), indicates broadly similar lode-gold forming conditions in the Dharwar Craton.  相似文献   

16.
西秦岭地区是中国最重要的金矿矿集区之一,除产出少数夕卡岩型金矿床外,几乎所有的其他金矿床都可归并为造山型、卡林型和类卡林型3种类型。研究表明,西秦岭地区中生代花岗岩主要形成于中晚三叠世,而金矿成矿主要集中在晚三叠世,它们都是华北板块与华南板块碰撞导致的秦岭造山作用的产物。西秦岭地区造山型金矿床主要赋存在泥盆系和石炭系一套复杂的构造变形和区域变质的绿片岩相岩中,主要受北西西向脆韧性剪切带控制,成矿元素组合主要为Au-Ag。矿石中含有大量显微自然金、银金矿,明金可见。成矿流体主要为变质流体。由造山作用引起的强烈构造运动为成矿流体提供了运移通道,为矿质沉淀提供了有利的场所。虽然一些造山型金矿床与中酸性岩体相邻,但矿化与岩浆活动不具直接的成因关系。西秦岭地区卡林型金矿床主要产于轻微变质的寒武系至三叠系沉积岩中,明显受地层、岩性和构造控制。金矿床中的金以超显微金和存在于含砷黄铁矿与毒砂晶格中的固溶体金为主。成矿元素组合为Au-As-Hg-Sb-Ba。成矿流体由早期形成的地层水被后期大气降水补给活化形成,也有部分岩浆水或变质水的加入。在伸展背景下大气降水通过循环演化形成了较浅层次的流体系统,导致Au等成矿元素发生沉淀而形成浸染状矿石。西秦岭地区类卡林型金矿床主要产于浅变质沉积岩建造中,受脆韧性剪切带的控制,并形成于花岗岩岩体附近。与造山型、卡林型金矿床最大的不同之处在于,类卡林型金矿床的形成与同时期的岩浆活动有密切的成因关系。矿石中存在显微自然金,载金矿物主要为黄铁矿、含砷黄铁矿和碲化物。成矿热液主要是岩浆水与变质水、建造水的混合流体。与造山型金矿床类似,流体不混溶导致类卡林型金矿床的形成。  相似文献   

17.
甘肃文县阳山金矿田地质特征及控矿地质因素分析   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  
甘肃文县阳山金矿田是中国最大的金矿床,最近发现于西秦岭的勉略缝合带附近,它是由赋存于泥盆系三河口群地层中的受文县弧形构造带控制的类卡林型金矿系统。对阳山矿田安坝矿段钻探和坑探工程资料的统计表明,所有金矿体均受安昌河-观音坝断裂系统(含主干断裂和次级断裂)控制,多数金矿体定位于断裂构造与泥质、粉砂质千枚岩的复合部位,少数定位于花岗斑岩脉及其接触带,说明印支期花岗岩浆活动并不是前人认为的主导金矿化的地质条件。结合区域地质分析,本文认为三河口群及其下伏碧口群等地层在早侏罗世造山事件为阳山金成矿系统提供了成矿流体和物质,三河口群泥质、粉砂质千枚岩是成矿流体聚集和成矿金属卸载的有利空间。沿安昌河-观音坝断裂系统侵位的矿前花岗斑岩脉,尽管数量较少,但也是成矿流体聚集、圈蔽和成矿的有利场所。更为重要的是,花岗斑岩脉与地层之间的能干性具有显著差异,使接触带在后期碰撞造山过程中演化为韧-脆性变形带,进而成为十分理想的成矿流体循环、聚集和金矿化空间。  相似文献   

18.
The Laowan metallogenic belt in China is an important metallogenic belt within the Tongbai orogenic belt, and contains the medium-sized Laowan and Shangshanghe gold deposits, the small Huangzhuyuan lead–zinc–silver–gold deposit and some gold and Cu–Pb occurrences. These deposits are hosted in Mesoproterozoic plagioclase amphibolite (or schist) and mica-quartz schist. The gold ores are mainly quartz veins and veinlets and disseminated altered ores. Subordinate ore types include massive sulfides and breccias. The Laowan gold deposit is characterized by three right-stepping en-echelon fracture-controlled alteration zones that dip gently to the south and includes disseminated, sheeted and stockwork ores. These lodes were formed by the interaction of ore-forming fluid with foliated-to laminated cataclasite within the transpressional faults. The Shangshanghe gold deposit is characterized by parallel ore lodes that dip steeply to the north, and includes quartz veins and breccias in addition to ores in altered wallrocks. These lodes were formed by focusing of fluids into transtensional faults. These ore controlling faults displaced early barren quartz veins 10 m horizontally with a dextral sense of motion. The ore-hosting structures at the Laowan and Shangshanghe deposits correspond to the P and R-type shears of a brittle dextral strike-slip fault system, respectively, which make angles of about 15° and − 15° to the Laowan and Songpa boundary faults. The ore-controlling fault system post-dated formation of a ductile shear zone, and peak regional metamorphism. This precludes a genetic relationship between hydrothermal mineralization and regional metamorphism and ductile shear deformation. These gold deposits are not typical orogenic gold deposits. The metallogenic belt displays district-scale-zoning of Mo → Cu–Pb–Zn–Ag → Au relative to Songpa granite porphyry dike zone, suggesting the mineralization may be closely related to the granite porphyry. Measured δ34S of sulfides and δ18O and δD of fluid inclusion waters in auriferous quartz also are consistent with a magmatic source for sulfur and ore fluids. The similarity of Pb isotope ratios between the ores and Yanshanian granitoids suggests a similar source. As the age (139 ± 3 Ma) of granite porphyry obtained by zircon U–Pb isotope overlaps the mineralization age (138 ± 1 Ma: Zhang et al., 2008a), the gold and polymetallic metallogenesis of the Laowan gold belt has close spatial, temporal and possibly genetic relationships with Yanshanian high level magmatism.  相似文献   

19.
Calc-alkaline, metaluminous granitoids in the north of Jonnagiri schist belt (JSB) are associated with abundant mafic rocks as enclave. The enclaves represent xenoliths of the basement, mafic magmatic enclaves (MME) and synplutonic mafic dykes. The MME are mostly ellipsoidal and cuspate shape having lobate margin and diffuse contact with the host granitoids. Sharp and crenulated contacts between isolated MME and host granitoids are infrequent. The MME are fine-grained, slightly dark and enriched in mafic minerals compare to the host granitoids. MME exhibits evidences of physical interaction (mingling) at outcrop scale and restricted hybridization at crystal scale of mafic and felsic magmas. The textures like quartz ocelli, sphene (titanite) ocelli, acicular apatite inclusion zone in feldspars and K-feldspar megacrysts in MME, megacrysts across the contact of MME and host and mafic clots constitute textural assemblages suggestive of magma mingling and mixing recorded in the granitoids of the study area. The quartz ocelli are most likely xenocrysts introduced from the felsic magma. Fast cooling of mafic magma resulted in the growth of prismatic apatite and heterogeneous nucleation of titanite over hornblende in MME. Chemical transfer from felsic magma to MME forming magma envisage enrichment of silica, alkalis and P in MME. The MME show low positive Eu anomalies whereas hybrid and host granitoids display moderate negative Eu-anomalies. Synplutonic mafic dyke injected at late stage of crystallising host felsic magma, display back veining and necking along its length. The variable shape, dimensions, texture and composition of MME, probably are controlled by the evolving nature and kinematics of interacting magmas.  相似文献   

20.
桂北地区金矿成矿规律与找矿预测   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
元古宙火山－陆源碎屑沉积含金建造与下古生界含碳碎屑沉积建造是该区金矿主要赋矿层中，前者为陆内裂陷沟－弧环境产物，后者形成了陆缘盆地构造环境。金矿化总体呈东西向延展又依ＮＮＥ～ＮＥ向成带的分布格局，是受古东西向基底隐伏构造带和ＮＮＥ～ＮＥ向深断裂双重制约的结果，继承元古宙裂陷槽俯冲带发展演化形成的韧性剪切带，控制与基性，超基性杂岩有关的金矿化，次级隆起动缘构造挤压带是金成矿的有利部位，金矿化主要受脆  相似文献   

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