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鄂尔多斯盆地渭北东部奥陶系岩溶地下水的补给环境 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用环境同位素方法对渭北东部奥陶系岩溶地下水补给环境进行了研究。认为研究区奥陶系岩溶地下水为统一地下岩溶水系统。其西部碳酸岩裸露区为地下水直接补给区,地表水在裸露区的渗漏补给是本区主要补给方式。碳酸岩浅埋区为岩溶水的间接补给区,碳酸岩中—深埋区为径流和排泄区。本区氘的等值线图指示洛河以东至黄河地段有一“缺口”,岩溶水向区外有排泄,氘剩余与氚值关系的研究证实这一地段可能存在地下分水岭。对氚和~(14)C的研究表明,区内奥陶系岩溶地下水为混合水,其老水和新水所占比例在补给区和排泄区不同,西部平均老水所占比例为24.73‰,表明西部岩溶露头区吸收降水和地表水能力较强,东南部排泄区老水所占比例为85.6‰,表明此处为岩溶水的径流排泄区。 相似文献
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彬长矿区白垩系洛河组、环河组地下水水质在横向上和纵向上的都具有明显的变化规律。由于环河组岩层中含有石膏层,导致SO42-含量增高,水质较洛河组差;洛河组在补给区水质较排泄区好,虽然未来矿区工农业用水的方向可以是本区内洛河组承压裂隙—孔隙水,但由于本区洛河组地下水补给条件较差,地下水以静储量为主,故此水源地可供开采量有限。 相似文献
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应用环境同位素方法对渭北东部奥陶系岩溶地下水补给环境进行了研究。认为研究区奥陶系岩溶地下水为统一地下岩溶水系统。其西部碳酸岩裸露区为地下水直接补给区,地表水在裸露区的渗漏补给是本区主要补给方式。碳酸岩浅埋区为岩溶水的间接补给区,碳酸岩中-深埋区为径流和排泄区。本区氘的等值线图指示洛河以东至黄河地段有一"缺口",岩溶水向区外有排泄,氘剩余与氚值关系的研究证实这一地段可能存在地下分水岭。对氚和 14 C的研究表明,区内奥陶系岩溶地下水为混合水,其老水和新水所占比例在补给区和排泄区不同,西部平均老水所占比例为24．73‰,表明西部岩溶露头区吸收降水和地表水能力较强,东南部排泄区老水所占比例为 85．6‰,表明此处为岩溶水的径流排泄区。 相似文献
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子午岭位于鄂尔多斯盆地中南部,“鄂尔多斯盆地地下水勘察”是我国近些年来开展的一项重要的水文地质工作,期间运用多种先进技术方法,对地下水赋存规律取得了好多新的认识。其中发现子午岭地区白垩系地下水的运移与常规的认识不同,高大的地表水分水岭并不完全是地下水的分水岭,这对正确评价白垩系地下水资源奠定了良好的基础,同时勘查工作揭示的这一自然现象,也为广大水文地质工作者正确认识和分析地下水系统有所启发。子午岭仅是地表及浅部环河组地下水的分水岭,而深部洛河组地下水不受子午岭影响,地下分水岭在子午岭以东。白垩系洛河含水组地下水在子午岭以东接受降水和地表水补给后,越过子午岭向西迳流,最终在马莲河排泄。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯沙漠高原白垩系地下水水化学演化的多元统计分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
结合稳定同位素( D、18O、13C) ,应用聚类分析和因子分析两种多元统计分析方法,对鄂尔多斯沙漠高原白垩系含水层地下水水化学演化特征进行研究。结果表明: 研究区环河组和洛河组地下水均可分为3 大类,且大致在地下水补给区、径流区和排泄区分别聚类,每一类的水化学特征和同位素特征均存在一定的差异; 研究区地下水均起源于大气降水,发生了岩盐溶滤、碳酸盐矿物溶解、硫酸盐矿物溶解、硅酸盐矿物溶解和阳离子交换等水文地球化学作用。相对洛河组地下水,环河组地下水水化学演化特征还受到了大气降水稀释作用和酸碱演化的影响。 相似文献
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河水和地下水转化关系的定量评价是流域水资源量管理和合理利用的基础。在西北内陆马莲河流域下游开展氡同位素示踪,利用河水222Rn通量模型评价了地下水沿河排泄强度。结果表明:地下水222Rn活度高于河水1个数量级,潜流带水222Rn活度受河水、地下水混合作用及沉积物氡释放影响。马莲河下游均为白垩系环河组地下水排泄补给河水,累计排泄量4.5 m3/s,占河流流量的73.2%。排泄强度存在空间变异,上段及下段为地下水强排泄区,中段作用强度较低。模型不确定性主要受地下水端元、潜流带输入及气体逸散系数三个因素控制,222Rn示踪方法在地下水补给河水型地区较为适用。 相似文献
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为了解淮北煤田太原组灰岩水年龄、水化学特征及演化,采集了淮北煤田29个矿井地下水样品进行水常规、氢氧同位素及~(14)C测试。利用传统图示及统计方法探讨了地下水化学特征及演化,约束了地下水年龄及径流特征。结果表明:淮北煤田太原组灰岩水年龄在2900～21910 a之间变化,不同矿区之间灰岩水化学特征有明显差异。闸河矿区以较低的TDS浓度、最小的地下水年龄和最高的δD和δ~(18)O值为特征,为淮北煤田太原组灰岩水主要的补给区;临涣矿区孙疃矿、宿县矿区桃园矿具有较大的地下水年龄、较高的TDS浓度和低的δD和δ~(18)O值,为主要排泄区。TDS浓度等值线图和地下水年龄等值线图呈现一致的演化规律,淮北煤田东北部闸河矿区为主要补给区。太原组灰岩水径流特征主要受构造背景的控制,地下水补给条件及水岩相互作用程度决定了水体中TDS浓度和氢氧同位素富集特征。 相似文献
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从水文地球化学角度研究鄂尔多斯盆地南区白垩系地下水的排泄途径 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
主要从水文地球化学的角度,以鄂尔多斯盆地白于山以南地区白垩系地下水的水化学水平分带和地表水基流水化学特征为主要依据,结合地质构造格局及岩相古地理条件,分析研究了该区白垩系地下水的补、径、排条件。认为该区白垩系地下水水化学场存在一个由东、北、西南向中部的水平分带,愈向盆地中部水质愈复杂、TDS愈高。马莲河基流水质的沿途变化规律反映出其接受东西两侧地下水的补给。说明鄂尔多斯盆地南区的东部地区和西南部地区为地下水补给区,而中心地带为地下水排泄区,最终经马莲河排出区外。天环向斜轴部和马莲河谷是南区汇集东西两侧地下水的排泄通道。 相似文献
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Recharge rate estimation in the Mountain karst aquifer system of Figeh spring, Syria 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
A. Al-Charideh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(4):1169-1178
Figeh watershed spring is one of the important groundwater aquifer, which is considered a major source for drinking waters
of Damascus city and countryside. The origin identification and recharge estimates of groundwater are significant components
of sustainable groundwater development in this Mountain karst aquifer of Figeh spring. During the period 2001–2009, monthly
groundwater and precipitation samples were taken and the isotopic compositions of δ18O, δ2H, and chloride contents were analyzed to identify groundwater origins and to estimate recharge rates. The δ18O, δ2H of the groundwater show that the groundwater recharge is of meteoric origin. The chloride mass balance (CMB) method was
used to quantify recharge rates of groundwater in the Mountain karst aquifer of Figeh spring. The recharge rate varies from
192 to 826 mm/year, which corresponds to 43 and 67% of the total annual rainfall. Recharge rates estimated by CMB were compared
with values obtained from other methods and were found to be in good agreement. This study can be used to develop effective
programs for groundwater management and development. 相似文献
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Increased groundwater withdrawals for the growing population in the Rio Grande Valley and likely alteration of recharge to local aquifers with climate change necessitates an understanding of the groundwater connection between the Jornada del Muerto Basin and the adjoining and more heavily used aquifer in the Mesilla Basin. Separating the Jornada and Mesilla aquifers is a buried bedrock high from Tertiary intrusions. This bedrock high or divide restricts and/or retards interbasin flow from the Jornada aquifer into the Mesilla aquifer. The potentiometric surface of the southern Jornada aquifer near part of the bedrock high indicates a flow direction away from the divide because of a previously identified damming effect, but a groundwater outlet from the southern Jornada aquifer is necessary to balance inputs from the overall Jornada aquifer. Differences in geochemical constituents (major ions, δD, δ18O, δ34S, and 87Sr/86Sr) indicate a deeper connection between the two aquifers through the Tertiary intrusions where Jornada water is geochemically altered because of a geothermal influence. Jornada groundwater likely is migrating through the bedrock high in deeper pathways formed by faults of the Jornada Fault Zone, in addition to Jornada water that overtops the bedrock high as previously identified as the only connection between the two aquifers. Increased groundwater withdrawals and lowering of the potentiometric surface of the Jornada aquifer may alter this contribution ratio with less overtopping of the bedrock high and a continued deeper flowpath contribution that could potentially increase salinity values in the Mesilla Basin near the divide. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯白垩系盆地地下水系统研究 总被引：33，自引：6，他引：27
地下水系统研究是正确评价和合理开发利用区域地下水资源的基础,也是区域地下水资源规划的重要依据。在对鄂尔多斯盆地白垩系岩相古地理和含水介质空间展布研究的基础上,应用区域地下水动力场、水文地球化学场和深井Packer系统所获得的不同深度的水位数据以及同位素资料,将白垩系地下水流系统概括为局部水流系统、中间水流系统和区域地下水流系统3种类型。以盆地中部的白于山地表分水岭为界,划分为南北2个地下水亚系统和5个分支系统,其中南部黄土高原地下水亚系统为典型的自流水盆地,而北部沙漠高原地下水亚系统则具有潜水盆地的特征。 相似文献
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吉林省龙井市石井金银矿位于长白山系老爷岭南麓的丘陵地貌中,区内地下水的形成、分布、埋藏条件严格受地质构造、岩性、地貌等条件控制,地下水的补给来源为大气降水。矿区含水层主要类型为：第四系砂砾石孔隙潜水含水层、基岩风化构造裂隙水含水层、构造裂隙脉状水含水层（带）;三种地下类型水富水性都较小,对矿床影响不大,该矿区水文地质条件属简单类型。 相似文献
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The aim of this article is to assess the main factors influencing salinity of groundwater in the coastal area between El Dabaa and Sidi Barani, Egypt. The types and ages of the main aquifers in this area are the fractured limestone of Middle Miocene, the calcareous sandstone of Pliocene and the Oolitic Limestone of Pleistocene age. The aquifers in the area are recharged by seasonal rainfall of the order of 150 mm/year. The relationship of groundwater salinity against the absolute water level, the well drilling depth, and the ability of aquifer to recharge has been discussed in the present work. The ability of aquifer to locally recharge by direct rainfall is a measure of the vertical permeability due to lithological and structural factors that control groundwater salinity in the investigated aquifers. On the other hand, the fracturing system as well as the attitude of the surface water divide has a prime role in changing both the mode of occurrence and the salinity of groundwater in the area. Directly to the west of Matrouh, where the coastal plain is the narrowest, and east of Barrani, where the coastal plain is the widest, are good examples of this concept, where the water salinity attains its maximum and minimum limits respectively. Accordingly, well drilling in the Miocene aquifer, in the area between El Negila and Barrani to get groundwater of salinities less than 5000 mg/l is recommended in this area, at flow rate less than 10 m3/hr/well. In other words, one can expect that the brackish water is probably found where the surface water divide is far from the shore line, where the Wadi fill deposits dominate (Quaternary aquifer), acting as a possible water salinity by direct rainfall and runoff. 相似文献
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淄博孝妇河源区地下水资源的开发利用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在分析淄博市孝妇河流域源头的南神头－窑广地下水富水区水文地质条件的基础上，应用数值模拟方法建立了该区的地下水流模型，并根据当地的资源需求建立了地下水动态预测模型，研究了可能通过该区出流边界补给下游地区地下水的侧向排泄量。应用系统工程学和运筹学理论，以“开采费用最小”为目标函数，以研究区的需水量及开采井的供水作为约束条件，建立了该区的地下水最优控制模型。通过优化地下水开采布局对出流边界的流量进行了研究，既为富水区的地下水资源利用确定开采方案，又科学地评价地富水区北部边界对下游地区的地下水侧向补给量。 相似文献
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Guidelines to locate and protect high-quality groundwater in Baiyu Mountain area of China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yunfeng Li Zhonghua Xu Jiangxia Wang Yaoguo Wu Guangcai Hou 《Environmental Geology》2005,47(5):647-652
The Baiyu Mountain area has the most shortage of water in the Ordos Basin of China. The majority of the groundwater is in the Luohe water-bearing formation, which is characterized by high total dissolved solids (TDS). The concentration of TDS can be as high as 10.45 g/l, which makes the water unsuitable for either potable or irrigation purpose. The dominant ions in the groundwater are SO2–4·Cl–. The maximum concentrations of SO2–4 and Cl– are 3,170 and 3,830 mg/l, respectively. The areas with low TDS groundwater are in Jingbian and Zhidan counties. However, nitrogen pollution caused by human and agriculture activities is a significant threat to the protection of fresh water in these counties. 相似文献
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Luisa Stellato Emma Petrella Filippo Terrasi Paolo Belloni Maria Belli Umberto Sansone Fulvio Celico 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):701-712
222Rn was used to assess river–groundwater interactions within Castel di Sangro alluvial aquifer (Italy). The effectiveness of results obtained through this indicator was verified by also analyzing δ18O, major ions and temperature in both surface and groundwater, and carrying out piezometric head monitoring and discharge measurements. Hydrogeological investigations suggested that the river infiltrates into the aquifer in the south-eastern aquifer portion, while groundwater discharges into the river in the north-eastern portion. The latter phenomenon is supported by 222Rn data. Nevertheless, flow-through conditions cause the modelled discharge along this river reach, estimated by 222Rn data in a degassing-corrected two-component mixing model, to be greater than the measured discharge. Concerning river infiltration into the aquifer, δ18O, major ions and temperature data show that the river contribution is negligible in terms of aquifer recharge. Thus, the observed increase in 222Rn concentration in that portion of the aquifer is due to the enrichment process caused by infiltration of rainwater (222Rn free) which flows from the local divide area. Hence, in the study site, the use of only 222Rn to predict river–groundwater interactions causes some estimation inaccuracies and it must be coupled with other hydrochemical and hydrogeological parameters to gain a thorough understanding of such interactions. 相似文献
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Al-Mazraa is a heavily populated suburb of Damascus (Syria) with agricultural activity. It is adjacent to the Cretaceous Qassioun Mountain Range, from which it is structurally separated by the Damascus fault. Al-Mazraa waterworks abstracts from a shallow Quaternary aquifer, whose recharge processes are unidentified. The functions of Qassioun Mountain, the Damascus fault, the agricultural activities, the ascending deeper groundwater, and the through-flowing Tora River are not well understood and they are, hence, subject to study. The application of hydrochemical parameters and ratios in combination with signatures of δD and δ18O revealed that recharge predominantly occurs in the outcropping Cretaceous rocks through subsurface passages rather than through influent conditions of the Tora River or through direct rainfall. Interestingly, high Na/Cl ratios indicate contact with volcanic rocks which exist within the Cretaceous anticline and also in the subsurface of the studied Quaternary aquifer. Evidence for deeper circulating groundwater is given, since replenishing waters are up to 4 °C warmer and have much lower nitrate concentrations than the groundwater in the study area. From these points, it is indicated that the Damascus fault is conductive in respect to groundwater, rather than being impermeable, as it is elsewhere. 相似文献
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以内蒙古呼和浩特市平原区地下水系统为例,采用传统DRASTIC方法和同位素3H浓度、3H与14C测年的新方法划分了不同的地下水系统防污性能区,开展了地下水系统防污性评价方法研究。研究结果表明,DRASTIC方法评价结果显示了浅层地下水系统对来自垂向上污染物的固有防御能力;同位素方法评价结果反映了浅、深层含水层系统对来自补给区污染物的防御能力。并且文中指出了两种评价方法各自具有优、缺点。最后指出应根据区域水文地质条件、地下水开发利用现状,以及城市发展规划,采取DRSTIC和同位素辅助方法综合区划地下水系统的防污性能,为环境管理和决策者划分地下水源保护区,制定地下水保护措施提供科学依据。 相似文献