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南海北部天然气水合物钻探区烃类气体成因类型研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
南海北部天然气水合物钻探区水合物气、顶空气样品和沉积物样品烃类气体组分和甲烷同位素特征测试结果表明,气体样品中烃类气体以甲烷为主,含微量乙烷和丙烷,C1/(C2+C3)值均大于或接近1 000。甲烷的碳同位素值为-54.1‰~-62.2‰,氢同位素值为-180‰~-255‰,属于微生物气或是以微生物气为主的混合气,甲烷由CO2还原生成,由原地提供或侧向运移而来。沉积物样品酸解烃分析显示多数样品甲烷丰度大于90%,含一定量的乙烷、丙烷及少量的丁烷,C1/(C2+C3)值均小于50。甲烷的碳同位素值为-29.8‰~-48.2‰,呈现典型的热解气特征,显示由深部运移而来。 相似文献
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西沙海槽研究区天然气水合物地球化学勘探及成藏模式研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
依据ODP204航次1250C站位钻井样品酸解烃数据结果,以及作者在南海西沙海槽研究区天然气水合物地球化学现场勘查中得到的多种烃类指标数据、异常点上微量甲烷碳同位素数值等资料,对海洋水合物地球化学勘探的依据和研究区气态烃异常特征、气体成因、天然气水合物成藏模式等相关问题进行了研究探讨。结果表明:气态烃指标地球化学异常主要分布在工区北部斜坡地带,并与BSR等地震标志及深部断裂关系密切;西沙海槽研究区海底沉积物气态烃甲烷以热解成因为主,但也有混合成因;推测该区天然气水合物为断层渗滤综合成藏模式。研究成果比较合理地解释了BSR分布和海底沉积物甲烷局部异常并非完全一致的原因;评价预测了该区天然气水合物有利勘探目标。成果为该区天然气水合物勘探、天然气水合物成因机制研究和天然气水合物远景预测,提供了地球化学方面的证据。 相似文献
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为探讨青海南部陆域冻土区烃源岩地球化学异常成因及气源条件,通过分析青海开心岭冻土区TK- 1钻孔岩芯样品中酸解烃、荧光光谱、甲烷碳同位素含量及垂向迁移变化特征,解析其烃类地球化学异常成因,剖析岩芯中烃类异常与裂隙或破碎带、水合物稳定带、烃类运聚成藏过程的响应关系,研究其对天然气水合物及烃类运聚的地球化学指示意义。结果显示：钻孔岩芯中烃类在62~80 m、112~119 m、150~169 m和254~350 m深度段出现明显的地球化学异常富集特征,钻孔岩芯酸解烃中烃类组成、参数比值(C1/ΣC1- 5、C1/ΣC2- 5、C1/ΣC2- 3、iC4/nC4等)、甲烷碳同位素(δ13CPDB)显示烃类以热解成因为主,包括油型裂解气、凝析油伴生气、煤成气和少量的无机成因气。二叠系那益雄组煤系烃源岩处于高—过成熟阶段,其热演化过程中的生排烃气可能是形成水合物所需气体的重要来源。冻土带的封盖“挡板效应”,在冻土层下方形成烃类地球化学强异常,可作为天然气水合物及烃类运聚等异常现象的指示。裂隙或破碎带内岩芯酸解烃组分含量相对较高,随着深度变化,烃类组分呈现明显的“色层效应”,显示裂隙或破碎带对烃类的运移、聚集具有一定控制作用。 相似文献
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以山东焦家金矿I号主矿体为研究对象,选取128线金矿体周围不同地质体岩石样品,对样品中疑似碳酸盐矿物,通过岩矿鉴定、激光拉曼、电子探针等方法进行分析,从矿物尺度对烃类气体的赋存特点进行研究,以期获取烃类气体参与成矿的直接证据。研究发现,样品中的疑似碳酸盐矿物电子探针测定成分与纯净的方解石成分吻合,在金矿体周围不同地质体中均可见方解石以极细小的颗粒充填于矿物裂隙或矿物颗粒之间形成细脉,具有后期形成的特点;其次,电子探针数据与酸解烃法得出的烃类气体含量整体呈现出一致的变化关系,具向外渗滤扩散的特点。研究证实了疑似碳酸盐矿物确实为碳酸盐矿物,且其为烃类气体的赋存提供了载体,找到了烃类气体参与成矿在矿物尺度上的直接的证据,同时证明了酸解烃法能够有效提取与成矿有关的烃气信息,对寻找金属矿床具有一定的指导作用。 相似文献
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天津地区主要河流表层沉积物中饱和烃的组成与分布特征 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
根据不同环境功能区 9条河流表层沉积物样品中饱和烃污染物的分析结果,讨论了天津地区河流沉积物中饱和烃化合物的组成与分布特征,初步分析了饱和烃污染物的污染源.结果表明,不同河流表层沉积物中均分布有多种类型的饱和烃化合物,主要包括正构烷烃、无环类异戊二烯烷烃、异构与反异构烷烃、烷基环己烷和甾、萜类等.不同河流及同一河流不同河段的表层沉积物中可抽提有机物(EOM)、烃类化合物含量和饱和烃化合物的组成特征均存在明显的差别,其中北塘排污河(北排污河)和大沽排污河(南排污河)沉积物中 EOM的含量相对较高,海河及津北地区的潮白新河、蓟运河、永定新河、北京排污河的沉积物中 EOM的含量相对较低;北运河、南运河及大沽排污河巨各庄河段的沉积物中烃类化合物含量相对较高,海河、大沽排污河和北塘排污河表层沉积物中烃类污染物的含量相对较低.位于市区北部的河流,靠近市区的河段沉积物中 EOM含量有增加的趋势,而位于市区下游的河流,靠近市区的上游河段的沉积物中 EOM含量相对较高,下游河段的有所降低.河流中烃类污染物主要来源于矿物油及其衍生物、高等植物蜡和藻类的降解产物,不同河流及相同河流不同河段污染源的相对贡献存在明显的差别. 相似文献
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Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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I. M. Gorokhov M. A. Semikhatov M. M. Arakelyants E. A. Fallick N. N. Mel’nikov T. L. Turchenko T. A. Ivanovskaya T. S. Zaitseva E. P. Kutyavin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(3):260-274
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation. 相似文献
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Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
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扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
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Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston
situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine
fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and
at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological
(i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates)
controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution
sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were
<20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf
of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is
lost to sediments. 相似文献
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V. Yu. Prokof’ev L. D. Zorina V. A. Kovalenker N. N. Akinfiev I. A. Baksheev A. N. Krasnov G. A. Yurgenson N. V. Trubkin 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(1):31-68
The mineral composition of the Talatui gold deposit has been studied with modern methods. Previously unknown minerals (ilmenite, siegenite, glaucodot, wittichenite, matildite, hessite, pilsenite, zircon, tremolite, cummingtonite, hercynite, and goethite) have been identified in the ore. A high Re content has been detected in molybdenite. The spatiotemporal separation of Au and Ag is caused by different mineral species of these elements and their diachronous precipitation during the ore-forming process. Gold crystallized along with early mineral assemblages, beginning from virtually pure gold (the fineness is 996). Silver precipitated largely at the end of the process as hessite (Ag2Te) and matildite (AgBiS2). The temperature of ore deposition varied from 610 to 145°C, the pressure was 3370–110 bar, and the salt concentration ranged from 56.3 to 0.4 wt % NaCl equiv. The heterogeneous state (boiling) of fluid at the early stages has been documented. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid testify to its magmatic nature and the participation of meteoric water at late stages in the ore-forming process. Thermodynamic modeling reproduces the main specific features of ore formation, including separation of Au and Ag. A physicochemical model of the gold mineralization in the Darasun ore district has been proposed. On the basis of several attributes, the Talatui deposit has been referred to the prophyry gold-copper economic type. 相似文献
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山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
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海南大坡岩体位于五指山褶皱带内,主要受昌江—琼海构造带、琼西构造带与潭爷断陷构造带控制.岩石地球化学及岩石学研究表明,大坡岩体形成于海西-印支晚期,岩性单一,主要为中细粒似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩.岩体显示为Ⅰ型花岗岩与S型花岗岩的混合,主体以地壳物质部分熔融为主,形成过程有少量地幔物质加入.元素对的比值及稀土元素配分特征说明岩体钨锡等多金属含矿性可能较差. 相似文献